Wheel shaft bearing running-in machine and brake mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses an axle bearing running-in machine and a brake mechanism, and solves the problems of quick start and quick brake of the running-in machine. The running-in machine comprises rails, a supporting seat, a power driving mechanism and a brake mechanism, the brake mechanism comprises two rails which are movably connected with each other, the two rails are hinged to the corresponding rails respectively, movable connection points between the two rails are matched with sliding pins through long-strip-shaped holes, the sliding pins are installed on steel forks, and the steel forks are connected with the supporting seat. When the jacking action of the jacking oil cylinder occurs, the positions of the movable joints of the two rails are changed in the height direction; a suspension arm extends downwards from the rail, a swing arm is hinged to the rail, a brake oil cylinder is mounted between the swing arm and the suspension arm, the swing arm brakes a wheel pair under the action of the brake oil cylinder, and a brake pad is arranged at the top end of the swing arm. According to the equipment, the combination of quick starting and quick braking is realized, and the experiment efficiency is improved.

Description

Wheel and axle bearing break-in machine and brake mechanism Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wheel and axle bearing break-in machine technology. Background Technology

[0002] The "Rules for Assembly and Maintenance of Railway Freight Car Wheelsets and Rolling Bearings" stipulates that "after the bearings are assembled, their assembly status must be checked. They should rotate nimbly to the left and right, and the axial movement of the bearings should meet the requirements. A break-in test should be conducted at a speed of ≥200 r / min for a time of ≥5 min. During the break-in process, a temperature measuring instrument and a special diagnostic testing instrument should be used to test the bearing status, and records should be kept." Therefore, a well-designed break-in equipment is crucial for improving the safe operation of railway vehicles.

[0003] In typical break-in machines, the braking mechanism plays a crucial role in bringing the machine to a stop from a dynamic state. Because the wheelsets rotate at high speed during the test, they possess high inertial kinetic energy; therefore, the performance of the braking mechanism directly affects stopping efficiency and safety. Currently, the braking mechanisms of commonly available break-in machines have many defects, and some even lack a dedicated braking mechanism altogether. For example, CN201520194262.6 discloses a multi-gauge wheel and axle bearing break-in machine that does not have a dedicated braking mechanism; instead, it achieves stopping by decelerating the drive wheel, which raises concerns about its stopping efficiency. Some break-in machines are equipped with simple braking mechanisms, but they cannot achieve linkage. When stopping, because the friction blocks are made of cast iron, there are several problems: First, the friction coefficient of the friction blocks is unstable, resulting in uneven friction and making it easy for the wheels to come off the break-in machine, posing a safety hazard. Second, it causes scratches and damage to the wheel treads. Third, it is noisy and harsh during the stopping process, which can cause noise damage to the operator. Fourth, it has poor wear resistance, requires frequent replacement, increases operating costs, affects the normal operation of the equipment, and reduces production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a wheel and axle bearing break-in machine and a braking mechanism, focusing on solving the problems of rapid start-up and rapid braking of the break-in machine.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows:

[0006] A wheel and axle bearing break-in machine includes rails, support seats, a power drive mechanism, and a braking mechanism. A groove is provided between two rails, which are disconnected at the groove and then reconnected via the braking mechanisms. Two braking mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to one rail. The power drive mechanism is installed within the groove and accelerates the wheelset under power. Two support seats are provided, one on each side of the rail, supporting the wheelset. The braking mechanism comprises two interlocking rails, each connected to a different rail. The corresponding rails are hinged together, and the movable joint between the two rails is engaged by a long hole and a sliding pin. The sliding pin is mounted on a steel fork, which is mechanically fixed to the top of a lifting cylinder. The bottom of the lifting cylinder is installed in a ground groove. When the lifting action of the lifting cylinder occurs, the movable joint of the two rails changes position in the height direction. A boom extends downward from the rail, and a swing arm is hinged to the rail. A brake cylinder is installed between the swing arm and the boom. Under the action of the brake cylinder, the swing arm has a braking action on the wheelset. A brake pad is provided at the top of the swing arm.

[0007] The brake pad includes a mounting plate and a friction block, wherein the mounting plate is a cast steel block and the friction block is a brake shoe cutting disc, and the friction block and the mounting plate are welded together.

[0008] The rail has a notch to allow for the avoidance of the friction block position.

[0009] The two ends of the brake cylinder are hinged to the swing arm and the boom, respectively.

[0010] The power drive mechanism includes a linear sliding assembly, a sliding plate, a linear push cylinder, a motor, and wheels driven by the motor. The sliding plate is installed at the bottom of the trench via the linear sliding assembly and the linear push cylinder, and moves back and forth under the action of the linear push cylinder. The motor is installed on the sliding plate, and the wheels are mechanically connected to the motor. The wheels are in a horizontal state and rotate under the drive of the motor.

[0011] The motor is a variable frequency speed adjustable geared motor.

[0012] The support base is equipped with a scissor-type lifting mechanism and a miniature hydraulic cylinder, which allows for height adjustment in the vertical direction.

[0013] It also includes a testing mechanism, which includes electronic testing probes installed on the left and right sides. The motor testing probes are set downwards and installed on an electric push rod, which is mounted on both sides of a track through a column.

[0014] A braking mechanism, characterized in that it comprises two rails movably connected to each other, each rail being hinged to a corresponding track, and the movable joint between the two rails engaging with an elongated hole and a sliding pin, the sliding pin being mounted on a steel fork, the steel fork being mechanically fixed to the top of a lifting cylinder, the bottom of the lifting cylinder being installed in a ground groove, and when the lifting action of the lifting cylinder occurs, the position of the movable joint between the two rails changes in the height direction; a boom extends downward from the rails, a swing arm is hingedly mounted on the rails, a brake cylinder is installed between the swing arm and the boom, and under the action of the brake cylinder, the swing arm has a braking action on the wheelset, and a brake pad is provided at the top of the swing arm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This device combines rapid start-up and rapid braking, improving experimental efficiency. More specific technical effects will be further explained in the embodiments in conjunction with the structure and working process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of this device.

[0018] Figure 2 is a perspective view of this device.

[0019] Figure 3 is a magnified view of part A in Figure 2.

[0020] Figure 4 is a top view of this device.

[0021] Figure 5 shows the usage status of this device.

[0022] Figure 6 is a full sectional view of Figure 5.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 00 wheelset,

[0025] 10 tracks, 11 trenches

[0026] 20 support bases,

[0027] 30 Power drive mechanism, 31 Linear sliding assembly, 32 Slide plate, 33 Linear push cylinder, 34 Motor, 35 Wheel

[0028] 40 Braking mechanism, 41 Rail, 411 Elongated hole, 412 Sliding pin, 413 Steel fork, 414 Notch, 42 Lifting cylinder, 43 Boom, 431 Mounting plate, 432 Friction block, 44 Swing arm, 45 Brake cylinder

[0029] 50 Testing mechanism, 51 Electronic testing probe, 52 Electric push rod, 53 Column. Detailed Implementation

[0030] This embodiment, in conjunction with Figures 1 to 6 of the specification, introduces a wheel and axle bearing break-in machine, and focuses on the braking mechanism of the break-in machine. The purpose of efficient experimentation is achieved through the linkage of the braking mechanism with other mechanisms.

[0031] Overall, the running-in machine includes a track 10, a support base 20, a power drive mechanism 30, a braking mechanism 40, and a detection mechanism 50. The track 10 consists of two parallel rails laid flat on the foundation. A trench 11 is provided between the two rails, which also serves as the installation space for the power drive mechanism and the braking mechanism. The two rails are interrupted at this trench, meaning the rails are disconnected there. A transitional connection is established at this disconnection point via the braking mechanism, the specific mechanical connection method of which is described below.

[0032] The braking mechanism 40 includes two rails 41 hinged to each other. The two rails 41 are hinged to the track 10 by steel pins. An elongated hole 411 and a sliding pin 412 are provided at the mating point between the two rails 41. The sliding pin is mounted on a steel fork 413, which is mechanically fixed to the top of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 42. The bottom of the lifting cylinder is fixedly installed in the groove 11. When the lifting action of the lifting cylinder occurs, the sliding pin pushes the movable joint of the two rails to change position in the height direction. When the lifting cylinder 42 is lifted to the highest point, the two rails are flush with the tracks at both ends and form the running track of the wheelset.

[0033] The aforementioned braking mechanism consists of two symmetrically arranged on two tracks, each corresponding to the travel track of a steel wheel.

[0034] A boom 43 is welded and extends downwards onto the aforementioned rail 41, providing a lower mounting point for the brake cylinder. Simultaneously, a swing arm 44 is hinged to the rail, with one end hinged to the rail. A brake cylinder 45 is installed between the swing arm and the boom; that is, both ends of the brake cylinder 45 are hinged to the swing arm and the boom, respectively. Under the driving force of the brake cylinder, the swing arm 43 has a swinging motion. An enlarged mounting plate 431 is hinged to the top of the swing arm, and a friction block 432 is mounted on this mounting plate, as follows.

[0035] The mounting plate is made of cast steel, and the friction block is cut from scrap high-wear synthetic brake shoes. The friction block and mounting plate are welded together and connected with bolts to improve stability. Furthermore, the friction block is replaceable when the break-in machine is stopped, facilitating regular checks of wear and allowing for timely replacement when wear reaches a certain level.

[0036] Furthermore, the aforementioned rail 41 is provided with a notch 414 to allow space for the friction block to pass.

[0037] The power drive mechanism 30 is installed at the bottom of the trench. Specifically, it includes a linear sliding assembly 31, a sliding plate 32, a linear push cylinder 33, a motor 34, and a wheel 35 driven by the motor. The sliding plate is installed at the bottom of the trench via the linear sliding assembly and the linear push cylinder, and reciprocates under the action of the linear push cylinder. The motor 34 is mounted on the sliding plate, and the wheel 35 is mechanically connected to the reduction motor. After installation, the wheel is in a horizontal position and rotates under the drive of the motor. In conjunction with the linear push cylinder, the wheel position is adjusted. When the wheel acts on the side of the wheelset's steel wheel, it achieves rapid acceleration of the wheelset.

[0038] Furthermore, the aforementioned motor is a geared motor with a built-in reducer, and it is a variable frequency speed adjustable motor.

[0039] There are two support seats 20, one on each side, installed on both sides of the ground groove and located at the hinge points of the two hinged rails in the braking mechanism. Each support seat has a coaxially arranged U-shaped groove, which also serves as the mounting point for the bearing assemblies at both ends of the wheelset; that is, the ends of the wheel and rail are secured at these points. Furthermore, the aforementioned support seats have a height adjustment function. Specifically, a miniature scissor-type lifting mechanism (not shown in the figure) is located below the support seat, equipped with a miniature hydraulic cylinder. This scissor-type lifting mechanism and the miniature hydraulic cylinder allow the support seat to have a height adjustment range of 20 centimeters, thus providing a height-adjustable function.

[0040] Furthermore, the detection mechanism 50 includes electronic detection probes 51 installed on the left and right sides. Specifically, the motor detection probe is set downward and installed on an electric push rod 52. The electric push rod pushes out the electronic detection probe through the two sides of the track installed on the column 53. The electronic detection probe senses data such as the temperature of the bearing assembly.

[0041] The operating instructions for this break-in machine are as follows:

[0042] First, push wheelset 00 onto the break-in machine track 10 and above the support seat 20 near the brake mechanism. Lift the support seat so that it rises and abuts against the bearing assemblies on both sides of the wheelset. Then, the lifting cylinder in the brake mechanism descends while the wheel in the power drive mechanism 30 comes into contact with the steel wheel of the wheelset from the side, starting the rotation of the wheel and driving the wheelset to rotate. During the rotation, align the electronic detection probe with the bearing assembly and acquire valid data. After the detection is completed, quickly activate the brake cylinder so that the friction block at the top of the swing arm acts on the steel wheel of the wheelset. At the same time, remove the driving force of the power drive mechanism on the steel wheel, achieving rapid braking of the wheelset. After braking is completed, remove the brake cylinder and simultaneously lift the lifting cylinder to its highest point to support the steel wheel again. Finally, lower the height of the support seat to allow the wheelset more free space to move and roll, and then push the wheelset out.

[0043] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit of the present utility model, all modifications and improvements to the present utility model by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A wheel and axle bearing break-in machine, comprising a track (10), a support base (20), a power drive mechanism (30), and a braking mechanism (40), wherein, A groove (11) is provided between the two tracks. The two tracks are disconnected at the groove and connected by a braking mechanism at the disconnection position. There are two braking mechanisms, each corresponding to one track. The power drive mechanism (30) is installed in the groove and accelerates the wheelset under the action of power. There are two support seats (20), one on the left and one on the right, installed on both sides of the track and supporting the wheelset. The braking mechanism (40) includes two rails (41) that are movably connected to each other. The two rails (41) are respectively hinged to the corresponding track (10), and the movable connection between the two rails (41) is... The point is connected by a long hole (411) and a sliding pin (412). The sliding pin is installed on the steel fork (413). The steel fork is mechanically fixed to the top of the lifting cylinder (42). The bottom of the lifting cylinder is installed in the ground groove (11). When the lifting action of the lifting cylinder occurs, the position of the two rail joints changes in the height direction. A boom (43) extends downward from the rail (41). A swing arm (44) is hinged on the rail. A brake cylinder (45) is installed between the swing arm and the boom. Under the action of the brake cylinder, the swing arm (43) has a braking action on the wheelset. A brake pad is provided at the top of the swing arm.

2. The wheel and axle bearing break-in machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake pad includes a mounting plate and a friction block, wherein the mounting plate is a cast steel block and the friction block is a brake shoe cutting disc, and the friction block and the mounting plate are welded together.

3. The wheel and axle bearing break-in machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rail has a notch to allow for the avoidance of the friction block position.

4. The wheel and axle bearing break-in machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the brake cylinder are hinged to the swing arm and the boom, respectively.

5. The wheel and axle bearing break-in machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power drive mechanism includes a linear sliding assembly, a sliding plate, a linear push cylinder, a motor, and wheels driven by the motor. The sliding plate is installed at the bottom of the trench via the linear sliding assembly and the linear push cylinder, and moves back and forth under the action of the linear push cylinder. The motor is installed on the sliding plate, and the wheels are mechanically connected to the motor. The wheels are in a horizontal state and rotate under the drive of the motor.

6. The wheel and axle bearing break-in machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The motor is a variable frequency speed adjustable geared motor.

7. The wheel and axle bearing break-in machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support base is equipped with a scissor-type lifting mechanism and a miniature hydraulic cylinder, which allows for height adjustment in the vertical direction.

8. The wheel and axle bearing break-in machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a testing mechanism, which includes electronic testing probes installed on the left and right sides. The motor testing probes are set downwards and installed on an electric push rod, which is mounted on both sides of a track through a column.

9. A braking mechanism, characterized in that, The braking mechanism (40) includes two rails (41) that are movably connected to each other. The two rails (41) are respectively hinged to the corresponding rails (10). The movable joint between the two rails (41) is engaged by a long hole (411) and a sliding pin (412). The sliding pin is installed on a steel fork (413). The steel fork is mechanically fixed to the top of a lifting cylinder (42). The bottom of the lifting cylinder is installed in a groove (11). When the lifting action of the lifting cylinder occurs, the position of the movable joint of the two rails changes in the height direction. A boom (43) extends downward from the rail (41). A swing arm (44) is hinged to the rail. A brake cylinder (45) is installed between the swing arm and the boom. Under the action of the brake cylinder, the swing arm (43) has a braking action on the wheelset. A brake pad is provided at the top of the swing arm.

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