Battery box heat dissipation system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery energy storage, and discloses a battery box heat dissipation system which comprises a box body, a containing cavity is formed in the box body, a first air inlet is formed in a first side plate of the box body, a second air inlet is formed in a second side plate of the box body, and an air outlet is formed in a third side plate of the box body. The support is fixedly arranged in the containing cavity, a battery pack is fixedly arranged on the support and comprises a plurality of batteries, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent batteries; the fan is fixedly arranged at the air outlet, and the first side plate, the second side plate and the third side plate of the box body all face the heat dissipation surface of the battery; and the controller is used for controlling start and stop and output power of the fan. The power of the fan is adjusted through the controller, and the fan is arranged at the air outlet and adopts an air suction mode, so that heat dissipation of the battery is facilitated, the structure is simple, and the universality is good; the heat dissipation face of the battery and the support form a hot air flow channel, rapid heat dissipation of the battery is facilitated, the box body is provided with a plurality of air inlets, cold air can be rapidly guided in, and the heat dissipation effect is improved.

Description

A battery box heat dissipation system Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery energy storage technology, and specifically relates to a battery box heat dissipation system. Background Technology

[0002] When high-power energy storage batteries are used in scenarios such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and power quality adjustment, they are prone to accumulating a large amount of heat due to their high operating current, internal resistance, and special structure. If heat is not dissipated in time, there will be a significant difference in temperature between the individual cells within the battery pack, with higher temperatures in the center and lower temperatures at the edges. Cylindrical batteries, in particular, have a multi-layered winding structure that increases the difficulty of heat dissipation, making their heat dissipation capacity weaker than that of prismatic and pouch cells. These temperature differences will lead to large differences in temperature rise among individual cells within the battery pack, resulting in inconsistent capacity decay rates and further reducing the overall capacity utilization of the battery pack.

[0003] In existing technologies, liquid cooling systems are typically used in large battery packs due to their high cost, while air cooling systems are relatively cheaper and commonly found in small battery packs. Air cooling systems also offer simpler structures, more flexible configurations, and no risk of leakage, making them widely applicable. However, improperly designed air cooling systems can suffer from poor heat dissipation efficiency, high failure rates, and increased system energy consumption. Therefore, a suitable cooling system needs to be tailored to the specific characteristics of the battery and the overall battery pack structure to achieve the desired cooling effect. Currently, most air cooling systems are designed for large-capacity, high-energy-density prismatic energy storage batteries. Directly applying them to high-power energy storage batteries results in insufficient cooling capacity to meet the battery's heat dissipation requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this utility model provides a battery box heat dissipation system, employing the following technical solution:

[0005] A battery box heat dissipation system, comprising:

[0006] The box has an internal cavity. A first air inlet is provided on the first side panel of the box, a second air inlet is provided on the second side panel of the box, and an air outlet is provided on the third side panel of the box.

[0007] A bracket is fixedly disposed within the receiving cavity, and a battery pack is fixedly disposed on the bracket. The battery pack includes multiple batteries, and there is a gap between two adjacent batteries.

[0008] A fan is fixedly installed at the air outlet, and the first side plate, second side plate and third side plate of the housing all face the heat dissipation surface of the battery;

[0009] A controller, electrically connected to the fan, is used to control the start-up, shutdown, and output power of the fan.

[0010] Furthermore, the second and third side panels of the housing are two opposing side panels.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat dissipation surface of the battery is the outer side with the largest surface area.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple first air inlets are provided, and the multiple first air inlets are arranged in an array.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple second air inlets are provided, and the multiple second air inlets are arranged in two groups. One group of second air inlets is arranged in an array and close to the top of the battery pack, and the other group of second air inlets is arranged in an array and close to the bottom of the battery pack.

[0014] Furthermore, the controller is mounted on the third side panel of the housing and is positioned close to the fan.

[0015] Furthermore, two air outlets are provided, located on opposite sides of the controller, and each air outlet is equipped with a fan.

[0016] Furthermore, a connecting plate is provided inside the housing between the first side plate and the bracket, and the bracket is connected to the support through the connecting plate. The connecting plate is provided with at least one ventilation hole.

[0017] Furthermore, a positive terminal and a negative terminal are also provided on the third side plate of the housing.

[0018] Furthermore, a wire-passing hole is provided on the third side plate of the housing, and the wire-passing hole is located between the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] 1. This utility model adjusts the power of the fan through a controller, and the fan is set at the air outlet in a suction mode, which facilitates battery heat dissipation. It has a simple structure, flexible design, good versatility, low cost, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0021] 2. The outer surface of the battery with the largest area in this utility model forms a hot air flow channel with the bracket, which facilitates rapid heat dissipation of the battery.

[0022] 3. The housing of this utility model has air inlets on multiple surfaces, which can quickly introduce cool ambient air and improve heat dissipation.

[0023] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the structures pointed out in the description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery box heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of one side of the battery box heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 shows a structural schematic diagram of another side of the battery box heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 shows a comparison of the capacity-maximum voltage curves of the battery pack during charging in two working modes, on and off, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 shows a comparison of the capacity-maximum temperature curves of the battery pack during charging in two working modes of the heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention: on and off.

[0030] Figure 6 shows a comparison of the capacity-temperature difference curves of the battery pack during charging in two working modes of the heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention: on and off.

[0031] Figure 7 shows a comparison of the capacity-minimum voltage curves of the battery pack during discharge in two working modes of the heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention: on and off.

[0032] Figure 8 shows a comparison of the capacity-maximum temperature curves of the battery pack during discharge in two working modes of the heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention: on and off.

[0033] Figure 9 shows a comparison of the capacity-temperature difference curves of the battery pack during discharge in two working modes: on and off, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Bracket; 3. Fan; 4. Controller; 5. Battery pack; 6. Conductive connector; 11. First air inlet; 12. Second air inlet; 13. Wiring hole; 7. Positive terminal; 8. Negative terminal; 9. Connecting plate; 91. Ventilation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," "longitudinal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0037] This utility model provides a battery box heat dissipation system for power batteries, which is used to match the heat dissipation of power battery packs during operation, so as to improve the uniformity of temperature rise of individual cells in the battery pack, reduce the difference in capacity decay rate between individual cells, and improve the stability of the output energy of the battery pack. It has a modular structure and has the advantages of good versatility, simple structure, low cost, energy saving and environmental protection.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1, a battery box heat dissipation system includes a box body 1, a bracket 2, a fan 3, and a controller 4. The box body 1 has an internal cavity, and the bracket 2 is fixedly installed in the cavity. A battery pack 5 is fixedly installed on the bracket 2. The bracket 2 serves as a support structure for the battery pack 5 and also forms an internal heat dissipation air duct together with the battery pack 5.

[0039] The housing 1 serves as a protective shell for the battery pack 5, the bracket 2, and related structures, as well as an external air duct for the heat dissipation system. It also acts as a fixed mounting platform for the fan 3 and the controller 4. The battery pack 5 is the source of heat generation and is the object served by the heat dissipation system.

[0040] The battery pack 5 includes multiple batteries. The positive and negative electrodes of the multiple batteries are connected in series through conductive connectors 6 to form a battery pack 5 with closely arranged individual cells. For example, the conductive connectors 6 can be made of aluminum or copper.

[0041] For example, the end face of the bracket 2 facing the conductive connector 6 is covered with an insulating plate. The insulating plate is located between the battery pack 5 and the housing 1 to prevent short circuits. The end face of the bracket 2 facing the conductive connector 6 has no channel for free airflow and does not participate in the formation of the heat dissipation system air duct.

[0042] The gap between two adjacent batteries forms an internal air duct for battery heat dissipation, which can provide maximum space for the free flow of hot air.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2, a first air inlet 11 is provided on the first side plate of the housing 1. For example, multiple first air inlets 11 are provided, and the multiple first air inlets 11 are arranged in an array. The shape of the first air inlet 11 can be set as needed, for example, it can be set as a circle, an ellipse, an oval, or other shapes.

[0044] As shown in Figure 3, a second air inlet 12 is provided on the second side panel of the housing 1. For example, multiple second air inlets 12 are provided, and the multiple second air inlets 12 are arranged in two groups. One group of second air inlets 12 is arranged in an array and close to the top of the battery pack 5, and the other group of second air inlets 12 is arranged in an array and close to the bottom of the battery pack 5. The shape of the second air inlet 12 can be set as needed. For example, it can be set as a circle, an oval, a waist shape or other shapes.

[0045] In this design, the first, second, and third side panels of the housing 1 all face the heat dissipation surface of the battery. For example, the heat dissipation surface of the battery is the outer side with the largest surface area. For instance, if the battery is cylindrical, the side surface of the battery has the largest surface area and serves as the heat dissipation surface. The outer surface with the largest surface area of ​​the battery and the support 2 form a hot air flow channel, facilitating rapid heat dissipation from the battery.

[0046] As shown in Figure 1, an air outlet is provided on the third side panel of the housing 1, and the fan 3 is fixedly installed at the air outlet. The fan 3 adopts the method of drawing air from inside the housing 1, and provides the power to forcefully expel the hot air inside the housing 1. The power of the fan 3 is adjustable.

[0047] For example, the second and third side panels of the housing 1 are two opposing side panels. A second air inlet 12 is opened on the second side panel opposite to the third side panel where the fan 3 is located. At the same time, a first air inlet 11 is also opened on the first side panel. This facilitates the rapid introduction of ambient cold air into the housing 1 and allows air to flow through the heat dissipation surface of the battery pack 5 from multiple directions, maximizing the battery heat dissipation rate and improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0048] For example, a cylindrical battery is horizontally arranged inside a square box 1, with the bottom of the battery facing the rear panel of the box 1, the top of the battery facing the front panel of the box 1, and a portion of the battery's side panel facing the upper panel of the box 1, a portion facing the left side panel of the box 1, a portion facing the right side panel of the box 1, and a portion facing the lower panel of the box 1.

[0049] The upper side panel of the housing 1 is the first side panel, the right side panel of the housing 1 is the second side panel, and the left side panel of the housing 1 is the third side panel. The housing 1 has an air inlet and an air outlet on the heat dissipation surface facing the battery, which is conducive to quickly introducing ambient cool air to dissipate heat from the battery.

[0050] For example, the front, left, right, and lower side panels of the housing 1 are integrally formed, for example, by stamping. For example, the upper side panel is detachably connected to the front, left, and right side panels by bolts, and the rear side panel is detachably connected to the upper, left, right, and lower side panels by bolts. By providing detachable upper and rear side panels, the installation and maintenance of the battery pack 5 are facilitated.

[0051] As shown in Figure 1, the controller 4 is mounted on the third side panel of the housing 1, close to the fan 3, for easy installation of control and power cables. The controller 4 is electrically connected to the fan 3 and controls the start / stop and output power of the fan 3. It can adjust the fan 3 power as needed to regulate the temperature of the battery pack 5, ensuring temperature consistency under different ambient temperatures and operating currents. Both the controller 4 and the fan 3 are externally powered.

[0052] The controller 4 of this utility model controls the output power of the fan 3, and the fan 3 adopts the suction mode, which facilitates the heat dissipation of the battery pack 5. It has a simple structure, flexible design, good versatility, low cost, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0053] As shown in Figure 2, a positive terminal 7 and a negative terminal 8 are also provided on the third side plate of the housing 1. The positive terminal 7 and the negative terminal 8 are used to connect to external devices.

[0054] For example, there are two air outlets on the third side panel of the housing 1. The two air outlets are located on the upper and lower sides of the controller 4, respectively. Each air outlet is equipped with a fan 3. For example, the positive terminal 7 is located on one side of one air outlet, and the negative terminal 8 is located on the other side of the air outlet.

[0055] As shown in Figure 1, for example, a connecting plate 9 is provided inside the housing 1 between the first side plate and the bracket 2. The bracket 2 is connected to the support 2 through the connecting plate 9. At least one ventilation hole 91 is provided on the connecting plate 9. Air enters from the first air inlet 11 on the first side plate, flows through the ventilation hole 91 into the gap inside the battery pack 5, and is then discharged through the fan 3 at the air outlet.

[0056] As shown in Figure 2, for example, a wire hole 13 is also provided on the third side plate of the housing 1. The wire hole 13 is located between the positive terminal 7 and the negative terminal 8. The voltage and temperature acquisition lines of the battery pack 5 pass through the wire hole 13 and are connected to the BMS (Battery Management System).

[0057] The working principle of the battery box heat dissipation system in this embodiment of the utility model is as follows: when it is necessary to dissipate heat from the battery pack 5 inside the box 1, the controller 4 controls the fan 3 at the air outlet to be turned on, and controls the power of the fan 3 according to the temperature required by the battery pack 5. After the fan 3 is turned on, air enters from the first air inlet 11 and the second air inlet 12, flows through the ventilation hole 91 on the connecting plate 9 and the internal gap of the battery pack 5, and is discharged by the fan 3.

[0058] Taking the battery box heat dissipation system of this utility model embodiment for a 58.8V 90Ah lithium titanate battery pack 5 as an example, the battery pack 5 is composed of 72 30Ah cylindrical lithium titanate batteries, connected in series and parallel in a manner of 3 parallel and 24 series. The heat dissipation effect achieved by the battery box heat dissipation system of this utility model embodiment is explained in two working modes.

[0059] Operating Mode 1: With the cooling system off, battery pack 5 undergoes a full charge-discharge test at 270A current (3.0C rate) for 2 cycles. The individual battery charging termination voltage is set to 2.8V, the individual battery discharging termination voltage is set to 1.5V, and the maximum operating temperature is 45℃.

[0060] Operating Mode 2: With the cooling system running normally, battery pack 5 undergoes a full charge-discharge test at 270A current (3.0C rate) for two cycles. The individual battery charging termination voltage is set to 2.8V, the individual battery discharging termination voltage is set to 1.5V, and the maximum operating temperature is 45℃.

[0061] For the comparison of heat dissipation performance, the charging curves of battery pack 5 under the two working modes are shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6, and the charging data comparison is shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] The discharge curves of battery pack 5 under the two working modes are shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9, and the discharge data comparison is shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2

[0067]

[0068] As can be seen from the data and curve comparison above, when the heat dissipation system is not turned on, the lithium titanate battery pack 5 cannot achieve full charge and discharge because the operating temperature reaches the limit of 45℃; after the heat dissipation system is turned on, the battery pack 5 can achieve full charge and discharge, effectively improving the performance of the charging and discharging capacity of the battery pack 5. Moreover, the highest battery temperature during the charging and discharging process is 33℃ (always kept below the limit of 45℃), and the highest battery temperature difference is also reduced by 75%, showing a significant heat dissipation effect.

[0069] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery box heat dissipation system, characterized in that, include: A housing (1) has an internal cavity. A first air inlet (11) is provided on the first side plate of the housing (1), a second air inlet (12) is provided on the second side plate of the housing (1), and an air outlet is provided on the third side plate of the housing (1). A bracket (2) is fixedly installed in the cavity. A battery pack (5) is fixedly installed on the bracket (2). The battery pack (5) includes multiple batteries, and there is a gap between two adjacent batteries. A fan (3) is fixedly installed at the air outlet. The first side plate, the second side plate, and the third side plate of the housing (1) all face the heat dissipation surface of the battery. A controller (4) is electrically connected to the fan (3). The controller (4) is used to control the start and stop of the fan (3) and the output power.

2. The battery box heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second and third side panels of the box (1) are two opposite side panels.

3. The battery box heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation surface of the battery is the outer side with the largest surface area.

4. The battery box heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple first air inlets (11) are provided, and the multiple first air inlets (11) are arranged in an array.

5. The battery box heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple second air inlets (12) are provided, and the multiple second air inlets (12) are arranged in two groups. One group of second air inlets (12) is arranged in an array and close to the top of the battery pack (5), and the other group of second air inlets (12) is arranged in an array and close to the bottom of the battery pack (5).

6. The battery box heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The controller (4) is located on the third side plate of the housing (1) and close to the fan (3).

7. The battery box heat dissipation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two air outlets are provided, and the two air outlets are located on both sides of the controller (4), and each air outlet is provided with a fan (3).

8. The battery box heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Inside the housing (1), a connecting plate (9) is provided between the first side plate and the bracket (2). The bracket (2) is connected to the bracket (2) through the connecting plate (9). The connecting plate (9) has at least one ventilation hole (91).

9. The battery box heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third side plate of the housing (1) is also provided with a positive terminal (7) and a negative terminal (8).

10. The battery box heat dissipation system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The third side plate of the housing (1) is also provided with a wire hole (13), which is located between the positive terminal (7) and the negative terminal (8).

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