Solar heating system suitable for extremely cold areas

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar heat supply system applicable to extremely cold areas, which belongs to the technical field of solar heat supply and comprises a water tank, a solar heat collector, a control system and a heating radiator. A tap water inlet, a cold water outlet I, a cold water outlet II, a water return port II and a hot water outlet III are formed in the side wall of the heat preservation water tank; a hot water inlet I and a hot water outlet are formed in the side wall of the energy storage water tank; the cold water outlet I and the cold water outlet II are connected with the water inlet end of the solar heat collector; the hot water outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the hot water inlet I and the hot water inlet II through pipelines; the hot water outlet and the hot water outlet III are connected with the water inlet end of the heating radiator, and the water outlet end of the heating radiator is connected with the water return port II. According to the device, the water supply mode of the heating radiator can be changed according to the illumination condition of the sun, and heat can be continuously provided for people; the electric heater can heat water in the energy storage water tank when light is insufficient or at night, the temperature of the water in the heating radiator can be guaranteed, and heat is provided for people.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of solar heating technology, and specifically relates to a solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, solar collectors are widely used in people's lives in extremely cold regions, serving as the main source of hot water and heating for households. However, there are still some drawbacks in the actual use of solar collectors. First, in extremely cold regions, the daytime sunshine hours are short in winter, and the heat production efficiency of solar collectors decreases when the sunlight is poor or at night, failing to meet people's needs. Second, the nighttime temperature in extremely cold regions is relatively low, and the water temperature inside the solar collector is also very low at this time, which can easily lead to frost formation or even freezing damage to the solar collector, causing inconvenience to people's lives.

[0003] A compact pressurized residential solar heating system, with announcement number CN 217715130 U, uses antifreeze as the circulating medium in its collector section, avoiding freezing damage to the collector system in cold and frigid regions. Furthermore, when the water temperature in the tank rises to 45°C, the control system automatically activates the circulation pump on the heating return pipe, eliminating the need to turn on the auxiliary heat source. When the water temperature in the tank drops below the start-up temperature by 5°C, the control system activates the auxiliary heat source for supplemental heating. While this design addresses the issue of insufficient sunlight or low heat generation efficiency of the solar collector at night, leading to inadequate water temperature for normal heating and the risk of the solar collector freezing, it still presents challenges in extremely cold regions where daytime sunlight is short and nighttime temperatures are high. When the temperature is relatively low, if the water temperature in the tank is between 45℃ and 5℃, the auxiliary heat source cannot be activated. As a result, the heating temperature will be lower than normal, failing to meet daily heating needs and causing a poor experience. When the water temperature drops to 5℃ below the activation temperature, the control system will activate the auxiliary heat source for heating, which consumes a significant amount of electricity, increasing heating costs. During the day, when there is ample sunlight, the water temperature in the tank can exceed 45℃, or even significantly higher than normal heating temperatures. Because the tank lacks an energy storage device, heat loss during the circulating heating process is likely, leading to waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions.

[0005] This utility model discloses a solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions, comprising a water tank, a solar collector, a control system, and radiators connected in sequence. The water tank is divided into an insulated water tank and a storage water tank by a vertical insulating partition. The insulated water tank has a hot water inlet II at the top, a tap water inlet and a cold water outlet I on the upper side wall, a cold water outlet II at the bottom, and a return water inlet II and a hot water outlet III at the bottom. The storage water tank has a hot water inlet I on the upper side wall and a hot water outlet at the bottom. The cold water outlets I and II are connected to the inlet of the solar collector via pipelines, and the hot water outlet of the solar collector is connected to both the hot water inlet I and hot water inlet II via pipelines. The hot water outlets III are connected to the inlet of the radiators via pipelines, and the outlet of the radiators is connected to the return water inlet II via pipeline d.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the height of the heat-insulating partition is less than the height of the water tank, so that the upper parts of the heat-insulating water tank and the energy storage water tank are connected.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the cold water outlet II is connected to the water inlet of the solar collector through pipeline a, and a gate valve III, a circulation pump II, an electric valve II, and a gate valve IV are sequentially installed on pipeline a.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the cold water outlet I is connected to the pipeline between the electric valve II and the gate valve IV via pipeline e, and an electric valve V is provided on pipeline e.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the hot water outlet of the solar collector is connected to the hot water inlet II via pipeline b. Gate valve VI, electric valve IV, and gate valve VII are sequentially installed on pipeline b. The hot water inlet I is connected to the gate valve VI and electric valve IV via branch pipeline f. Electric valve III and gate valve V are sequentially installed on branch pipeline f.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the hot water outlet III is connected to the water inlet of the radiator through pipeline c, and a gate valve, an electric valve, a circulation pump I, a check valve and a gate valve I are sequentially installed on pipeline c. The hot water outlet is connected to the pipeline between the electric valve and the circulation pump I through pipeline g, and a gate valve II and an electric valve I are sequentially installed on pipeline g. A pressure reducing valve, an electric valve VI and a gate valve IX are installed on pipeline d.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, an electric heater is provided at the bottom of the energy storage tank, and a cold water return port I is provided in the lower part of the energy storage tank. The pressure reducing valve and the electric valve VI are connected to the cold water return port I through a branch line h. An electric valve V and a gate valve VIII are provided on the branch line h.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the pipeline d and the pipeline c are connected and an electric regulating valve is provided on the connecting pipeline.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, level gauges are respectively provided on the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the insulated water tank.

[0014] This utility model discloses a solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions. The system features a rational structural design and operates in a time-segmented manner. During the day when sunlight is strong, energy can be stored and used when temperatures are low. At night, when temperatures are low, water from the solar collectors can be drained into an insulated water tank to prevent the collectors from freezing. The device can adjust the water supply method of the radiators according to sunlight conditions, achieving a sustainable supply of heat to meet people's needs. The electric heater design can heat the water in the storage tank when sunlight is insufficient or at night, and then circulate it to the radiators, ensuring the water temperature in the radiators and providing heat to people. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figures 2-5 This is a schematic diagram of the working structure of this utility model at different time periods. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This utility model discloses a solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions, which consists of a water tank 1, solar collectors 11, and radiators 12 connected in sequence. An insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the water tank 1, and a vertical insulation partition 2 is provided inside the water tank 1 to divide it into an insulated water tank 3 and an energy storage water tank 4. The height of the insulation partition 2 is less than the height of the water tank 1, allowing the upper parts of the insulated water tank 3 and the energy storage water tank 4 to be connected. The energy storage water tank 4 occupies 25-30% of the water tank 1. Multiple sets of solar collectors 11 are provided, and each pair of solar collectors 11 is connected in series via pipelines, with an air vent 33 installed on the pipelines. Multiple sets of radiators 12 are provided, and each pair of radiators 12 is connected in series via pipelines.

[0018] The insulated water tank 3 has a hot water inlet II 28 at the top, a tap water inlet 5 and a cold water outlet I 6 at the upper part of the side wall, a cold water outlet II 7 at the bottom, and a return water outlet II 13 and a hot water outlet III 14 at the bottom. The height of the tap water inlet 5 is lower than the top of the insulation partition 2, and an electric valve VII 41 is installed on the pipeline of the tap water inlet 5. The cold water outlet II 7 is connected to the water inlet of the solar collector 11 through pipeline a. A gate valve III 21, a circulation pump II 22, an electric valve II 23, and a gate valve IV 24 are installed sequentially on pipeline a. The cold water outlet I 6 is connected to the pipeline between the electric valve II 23 and the gate valve IV 24 through pipeline e, and an electric valve V 31 is installed on pipeline e. The hot water inlet... II28 is connected to the hot water outlet pipe of the solar collector 11 via pipeline b. Gate valve VI27, electric valve IV30, and gate valve VII29 are installed sequentially on pipeline b. Return port II13 is connected to the outlet of radiator 12 via pipeline d. Pressure reducing valve 36, electric valve VI37, and gate valve IX38 are installed on pipeline d. Hot water outlet III14 is connected to the inlet of radiator 12 via pipeline c. Gate valve 39, electric valve 40, circulation pump I18, check valve 17, and gate valve I16 are installed sequentially on pipeline c. Pipelines d and c are connected and an electric regulating valve 32 is installed on the connecting pipeline. Level gauges are installed on the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the insulated water tank 3.

[0019] The energy storage tank 4 has a hot water inlet I8 on the upper part of its side wall and a hot water outlet I0 on the lower part. The hot water inlet I8 is connected to the pipe between gate valve VI 27 and electric valve IV 30 via a branch line f, and electric valve III 26 and gate valve V 25 are installed sequentially on the branch line f. The hot water outlet I0 is connected to the pipe between electric valve 40 and circulating pump I 18 via a pipe g, and gate valve II 19 and electric valve I 20 are installed sequentially on the pipe g. The energy storage tank 4 has a cold water return port I9 in the lower middle part of its side wall. The cold water return port I9 is ​​connected to the pipe between pressure reducing valve 36 and electric valve VI 37 via a branch line h, and electric valve V 35 and gate valve VIII 34 are installed on the branch line h. The energy storage tank 4 has an electric heater 15 at the bottom.

[0020] All electrical components in this invention are electrically connected to an external controller, and each pipeline is equipped with a pressure sensor P and a temperature sensor T, which are also electrically connected to the control system.

[0021] This utility model discloses a solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions, which adopts a time-segmented operating mode, as detailed below:

[0022] like Figure 2As shown, between 6:00 and 10:00 in the morning, the water in the energy storage tank 4 is used to heat the radiator 12, and the solar collector 11 heats the water in the insulated water tank 3. At this time, gate valve Ⅲ21, circulation pump Ⅱ22, electric valve Ⅱ23, and gate valve Ⅳ24 on pipeline a are open, and the water in the insulated water tank 3 provides water for the solar collector 11. When the solar collector 11 is full of water, gate valve Ⅵ27, electric valve Ⅳ30, and gate valve Ⅶ29 on pipeline b are open, and gas is discharged through exhaust valve 33 and enters the insulated water tank 3 through hot water inlet Ⅱ28. At the same time, gate valve Ⅱ19 and electric valve Ⅰ20 on pipeline g, and circulation pump Ⅰ18, check valve 17, and gate valve Ⅰ16 on pipeline c are open, and pressure reducing valve 36, electric valve Ⅵ37, and gate valve Ⅸ38 on pipeline d are open, and hot water is provided to the radiator 12 by the energy storage water tank 4. The cold water circulating out of the radiator 12 flows back to the insulated water tank 3 through pipeline d. This process is used when the solar energy has not generated enough heat, but a large amount of heat is still needed. If the liquid level in the energy storage tank 4 falls below the set lower limit, it will automatically enter the next process flow.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, between 10:00 and 15:00, when sunlight is abundant, gate valve III 21, circulation pump II 22, electric valve II 23, and gate valve IV 24 on pipeline a are open, continuing to supply water to the solar collector 11 from the water in the insulated water tank 3. Gate valve VI 27 on pipeline b, and electric valve III 26 and gate valve V 25 on pipeline f are open (or when the solar water temperature sensor reaches a set value), injecting hot water from the outlet of the solar collector 11 into the energy storage tank 4. When the height exceeds the height of the insulation partition 2, hot water overflows into the insulation water tank 3, continuing to provide water for the solar collector 11. Simultaneously, the gate valve 39, electric valve 40, circulation pump I 18, check valve 17, and gate valve I 16 on pipeline c open, while the pressure reducing valve 36, electric valve VI 37, and gate valve IX 38 on pipeline d open. The hot water in the insulation water tank 3 circulates through pipeline c to the radiator 12, and the cold return water circulating from the radiator 12 flows back into the insulation water tank 3 through pipeline d. This process represents the storage of hot water once the solar energy has generated sufficient water temperature.

[0024] like Figure 4As shown, between 3 PM and 6 PM, when the sunlight gradually weakens, the heat collection efficiency of the solar collector 11 decreases. Therefore, the gate valve III 21, circulation pump II 22, electric valve II 23, and gate valve IV 24 on pipeline a are closed, ceasing water supply to the solar collector 11. At this time, the electric valve III 26 and gate valve V 25 on pipeline f are closed, stopping the injection of hot water into the energy storage tank 4. The gate valve VI 27, electric valve IV 30, and gate valve VII 29 on pipeline b are opened. Utilizing the siphon principle, all the water in the solar collector 11 is injected into the insulated water tank 3 through pipelines a and e, emptying the water in the solar collector 11 and preventing it from freezing due to temperature drops at night. Simultaneously, the circulating hot water in the heating radiators 12 is still supplied by the insulated water tank 3, and the cold water circulating out of the radiators 12 flows back into the insulated water tank 3. This process involves recycling all the hot water generated by solar energy into a storage tank for use in the heating cycle.

[0025] like Figure 5 As shown, between 6 PM and 6 AM the following morning, all electrical components and valves on pipelines a, b, f, g, and h are closed. The circulating hot water in radiator 12 is supplied by the insulated water tank 3, and the return water circulating out of radiator 12 flows back into the insulated water tank 3. This process can be adjusted by regulating the water supply temperature to ensure the heating circulation system operates normally with low power consumption.

[0026] Electric heating auxiliary process: When the temperature is low on cloudy or snowy days, all the water in the solar collector 11 is poured into the insulated water tank 3, and the energy storage tank 4 is used to heat the radiators 12. At this time, the electric heater 15 at the bottom of the energy storage tank 4 is working. At this time, the gate valve II 19, electric valve I 20 on pipeline g, and the circulation pump I 18, check valve 17 and gate valve I 16 on pipeline c are opened. The pressure reducing valve 36 on pipeline d and the electric valve V 35 and gate valve VIII 34 on branch pipeline h are opened. In this working state, the hot water for the radiators 12 is provided by the energy storage tank 4, and the return water from the radiators 12 also flows into the energy storage tank 4 for circulation.

[0027] Automatic temperature regulation process for heating water supply: The supply and return water temperatures of radiator 12 can be set according to the heating needs (or time periods). The return water of radiator 12 is divided into two paths through pressure reducing valve 36 (one path returns to the water tank through pressure reducing valve, and the other path enters the radiator supply water through electric regulating valve 32). The flow rate is adjusted by controlling the opening of electric regulating valve 32 so that the supply water temperature is automatically consistent with the set temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving.

[0028] Automatic water tank replenishment process: This process is mainly used in processes between 10:00 and 15:00. Other processes do not use this process. Based on the water level feedback from the level sensor in the insulated water tank 3, if the water level is lower than the inlet 7 of the circulating water pump, the electric valve VII41 for tap water supply is automatically opened; if the water level is higher than the inlet 7 of the circulating water pump, the electric valve VII41 for tap water supply is automatically closed.

Claims

1. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions, comprising a water tank (1), a solar collector (11), a control system, and radiators (12) connected in sequence, characterized in that... The water tank (1) is divided into an insulated water tank (3) and an energy storage water tank (4) by a vertical heat-insulating partition (2). The insulated water tank (3) has a hot water inlet II (28) at the top, a tap water inlet (5) and a cold water outlet I (6) at the upper part of the side wall, a cold water outlet II (7) at the lower part, and a return water inlet II (13) and a hot water outlet III (14) at the bottom. The energy storage water tank (4) has a hot water inlet I (8) at the upper part of the side wall and a hot water outlet III (14) at the lower part. The cold water outlet I (6) and cold water outlet II (7) are connected to the inlet of the solar collector (11) through pipelines. The hot water outlet of the solar collector (11) is connected to the hot water inlet I (8) and hot water inlet II (28) through pipelines respectively. The hot water outlet (10) and hot water outlet III (14) are connected to the inlet of the radiator (12) through pipelines. The outlet of the radiator (12) is connected to the return water outlet II (13) through pipeline d.

2. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that... The height of the insulation partition (2) is less than the height of the water tank (1), so that the upper part of the insulation water tank (3) and the energy storage water tank (4) are connected.

3. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that... The cold water outlet II (7) is connected to the inlet of the solar collector (11) via pipeline a. On pipeline a, gate valve III (21), circulation pump II (22), electric valve II (23), and gate valve IV (24) are installed in sequence.

4. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that... The cold water outlet I (6) is connected to the pipeline between electric valve II (23) and gate valve IV (24) via pipeline e, and electric valve V (31) is provided on pipeline e.

5. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that... The hot water outlet of the solar collector (11) is connected to the hot water inlet II (28) via pipeline b. Gate valve VI (27), electric valve IV (30) and gate valve VII (29) are installed in sequence on pipeline b. The gate valve VI (27) and electric valve IV (30) are connected to the hot water inlet I (8) via branch pipeline f. Electric valve III (26) and gate valve V (25) are installed in sequence on branch pipeline f.

6. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that... The hot water outlet Ⅲ (14) is connected to the inlet of the radiator (12) via pipeline c, and a gate valve (39), an electric valve (40), a circulation pump I (18), a check valve (17) and a gate valve I (16) are sequentially installed on pipeline c. The hot water outlet (10) is connected to the pipeline between the electric valve (40) and the circulation pump I (18) via pipeline g, and a gate valve II (19) and an electric valve I (20) are sequentially installed on pipeline g. A pressure reducing valve (36), an electric valve VI (37) and a gate valve IX (38) are installed on pipeline d.

7. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: An electric heater (15) is provided at the bottom of the energy storage tank (4). A cold water return port I (9) is provided in the lower part of the energy storage tank (4). The pressure reducing valve (36) and the electric valve VI (37) are connected to the cold water return port I (9) through a branch line h. An electric valve V (35) and a gate valve VIII (34) are provided on the branch line h.

8. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions according to claim 6, characterized in that... The pipelines d and c are connected and an electric regulating valve (32) is provided on the connecting pipeline.

9. A solar heating system suitable for extremely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A level gauge is provided on the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the insulated water tank (3).

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