NOxPorfin is an on-demand
porphyrin-based
photosensitizer, described herein, designed to treat
cancer via
photodynamic therapy (PDT). A distinct
advantage over existing FDA-approved photosensitizers is that NOxPorfin exhibits a suppressed
singlet oxygen quantum yield (φΔ = 6%) prior to activation within
cancer cells. This property translates to a severely compromised ability to harm
healthy tissue. However, in the presence of
nitric oxide, a common feature of all tumors, photosensitization increases by 650% (φΔ=45%). In addition, this is accompanied by a 70-fold
fluorescence signal enhancement, which we designed to confirm NOxPorfin activation via clinical
fluorescence imaging. The
efficacy of NOxPorfin was successfully demonstrated in two murine models of
cancer. First, we were able to selectively ablate aggressive
breast cancer cells without causing collateral damage. Second, we were able to prevent the growth of nascent, non-
small cell lung tumors. The latter study has implications in treating metastatic lesions.