The invention relates to a bit error correction method based on channel quality assessment. After a received data frame is input to a channel quality error correction system, the system checks the received data frame to judge whether the received data is correct; the data frame is output directly if the received data is correct, and if the received data frame does not pass checking, the system uses a channel quality sequence to find out data bits which are most likely to be wrong, inverse operation is carried out to form a new received data frame, the channel quality error correction system checks the new received data frame, and if new received data frame does not pass checking, the frame of data cannot be repaired and can only be discarded; and if the received data frame passes checking, the received data frame is recovered. By using the method, the most likely wrong receiving bits can be found out, the wrong receiving bits can be checked one by one or through group inverse operation, and more data frames can be repaired. The beneficial effects are as follows: on the premise of not increasing the channel overhead and under a given communication system, the sensitivity of a receiver is improved, the packet error rate is lowered, the quality of communication is improved, and the cost of system optimization is reduced.