An adaptive crushing device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adaptive crushing device, including a crushing roller and an adaptive follower device, wherein the two axial ends of the crushing roller are respectively connected to rotating shafts, wherein one rotating shaft is used as a power input end, and the other rotating shaft is used as a follower control end to directly cooperate with the adaptive follower device; the adaptive follower device includes an adaptive follower, a magnetorheological elastomer, and a spring; one end of the adaptive follower is set as a contact surface to contact and cooperate with the follower control end; a ring-shaped energized coil is arranged inside the adaptive follower device, and a magnetic field can be generated by energizing; the adaptive follower, the magnetorheological elastomer, the spring fixed end, and one end of the spring are connected into a whole. The present invention has an ingenious design and a reasonable structure, and can automatically adapt to different crushing objects, process garbage with high hardness such as bones, and can also avoid damage to the crushing teeth, crushing rollers, and motors caused by crushing objects with different hardness, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of garbage crushing devices, in particular to an adaptive crushing device. Background Art

[0002] As people's living standards continue to improve, more and more domestic garbage and kitchen waste are generated in daily life. Since the sources of these garbage are relatively complex and rich in organic matter, they provide a good growth and reproduction environment for various pathogenic microorganisms and various mosquitoes that carry pathogenic microorganisms, which can easily cause adverse effects on environmental hygiene and may cause the spread of diseases. Therefore, it is very necessary to treat and reuse them. In the process of pretreatment of domestic garbage and kitchen waste, the first thing to do is to use crushing equipment to crush them.

[0003] Due to the different types and sizes of materials to be crushed, traditional crushing devices generally have problems such as high failure rate during operation, large wear of crushing rollers and crushing teeth, easy entanglement of crushing rollers during rotation, causing the equipment to be stuck by materials, inability to achieve fine control of efficiency and crushed particle diameter, incomplete crushing, poor control of moisture content during extrusion, and high noise. Therefore, a crushing device with high efficiency, high degree of automation, and adaptability and adjustment capabilities according to different crushing objects is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive crushing device to solve the problem of poor crushing effect of the garbage crushing device in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The invention discloses an adaptive crushing device, comprising a plurality of crushing rollers, wherein the axial ends of the crushing rollers are coaxially connected with rotating shafts, and the characteristics are as follows: each crushing roller is respectively provided with an adaptive follower, the adaptive follower cooperates with one of the rotating shafts of the corresponding crushing roller, the adaptive follower comprises an adaptive follower, a magnetorheological elastomer and a spring, one axial end of the adaptive follower is set as a contact surface, the axial end of the rotating shaft matched with the adaptive follower contacts and cooperates with the contact surface of the adaptive follower, and the axial end of the rotating shaft and the contact surface are in non-point contact, one end of the spring is connected to the other axial end of the adaptive follower through the magnetorheological elastomer, and the other end of the spring is fixed, and an energized conductive coil is also provided in the adaptive follower, the force generated when the spring in the adaptive follower is deformed hinders the non-rotational movement of the rotating shaft matched with the adaptive follower, and the magnetic force generated when the conductive coil is energized causes the magnetorheological elastomer to change its stiffness and thus deform the spring.

[0007] The adaptive crushing device is characterized in that the contact surface is an inner concave surface arranged at one axial end of the adaptive follower.

[0008] The self-adaptive crushing device is characterized in that the inner concave surface is a conical surface.

[0009] The self-adaptive crushing device is characterized in that a plurality of crushing teeth are arranged on the outer surface of the crushing roller.

[0010] The adaptive crushing device is characterized in that the outer circle of the shaft end of the rotating shaft matched with the adaptive follower device contacts the conical surface part of the contact surface of the adaptive follower.

[0011] The self-adaptive crushing device is characterized in that the end surface of the rotating shaft matched with the self-adaptive follower device is treated with drag reduction and wear resistance.

[0012] The adaptive crushing device is characterized in that the contact surface of the adaptive follower is treated with drag reduction and wear resistance.

[0013] The self-adaptive crushing device is characterized in that the conductive coil is arranged inside the self-adaptive follower device.

[0014] The self-adaptive crushing device is characterized in that one end of the spring is connected to the other axial end of the self-adaptive follower through a spring fixing seat and a magnetorheological elastomer in sequence.

[0015] The self-adaptive crushing device is characterized in that the conductive coil is arranged inside the spring fixing seat.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The device of the present invention can automatically adapt to different crushing objects, whether it is soft food such as rice, hard food waste such as bones, or mixed food waste, it can be crushed well;

[0019] 2. It can avoid the damage of crushing teeth, crushing rollers and motors caused by crushing objects with different hardness, thus extending the service life of the equipment;

[0020] 3. Lower noise during use;

[0021] 4. The controllable stiffness change in the adaptive servo system of the device of the present invention enables the crushing equipment to not only perform crushing processing, but also quickly adjust the size of the crushed particles, and can be adjusted and switched at any time according to different needs;

[0022] 5. Controllable stiffness changes can achieve multiple crushing of different levels and degrees of the same object;

[0023] 6. The controllable stiffness change enables the equipment to realize functions such as extrusion and dehydration as needed, achieving multiple uses of one machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an adaptive crushing device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crushing device of an adaptive crushing device.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of a part of a crushing device and an adaptive follow-up system of an adaptive crushing device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 The present invention is a perspective view of an adaptive follower of an adaptive crushing device.

[0028] The numbers in the figure are: 1 is the rotating shaft, 11 is the power input end of the rotating shaft, 12 is the follow-up control end of the rotating shaft, 2 is the crushing roller, 3 is the crushing tooth, 4 is the contact surface of the adaptive follower, 5 is the adaptive follower, 6 is the magnetorheological elastomer, 7 is the spring fixing seat of the adaptive follower, and 8 is the spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "radial", "axial", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or an integral connection can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention provides an adaptive crushing device, comprising a crushing roller 2 and an adaptive follower device, wherein the axial ends of the crushing roller 2 are coaxially connected with a rotating shaft 1, and the outer surface of the crushing roller is provided with a plurality of crushing teeth 3. In the present invention, the shape of the crushing teeth 3 can be rectangular, rhombus, etc., and different tooth shapes can be reasonably selected according to different types of crushing objects.

[0032] One of the rotating shafts is used as a power input terminal 11, and a power input component or a transmission component such as an external motor can be connected through the power input terminal 11. The other rotating shaft is used as a follow-up control terminal 12, which is directly matched with an adaptive follow-up device.

[0033] The adaptive follower device includes an adaptive follower 5, a magnetorheological elastomer 6, a spring fixing seat 7 and a spring 8. One axial end of the adaptive follower 5 is set as a concave contact surface 4, and the contact surface 4 can be a curved surface, a conical surface, etc. In this embodiment, the contact surface 4 is a conical surface, and the conical surface is coaxial with the adaptive follower 5, and the cone top of the conical surface faces the inside of the adaptive follower 5. When the contact surface 4 of the adaptive follower 5 is a conical surface, the angle design of the top angle of the conical surface can affect the stiffness of the follower system.

[0034] The magnetorheological elastomer 6 can change its elastic modulus and other characteristics under the action of the magnetic field, that is, it can achieve variable stiffness. One axial end of the magnetorheological elastomer 6 is coaxially connected to the other axial end of the adaptive follower 5, and one end of the spring 8 is coaxially connected to the other axial end of the magnetorheological elastomer 6 through the spring fixing seat 7, thereby forming an integral connection structure of the adaptive follower 5, the magnetorheological elastomer 6, the spring fixing seat 7, and the spring 8. The other end of the spring 8 is fixed to an external connection point or fixed to the housing of the device of the present invention.

[0035] An annular conductive coil is arranged inside the adaptive follower 5 or the spring fixing seat 7. The end of the conductive coil is led out from the adaptive follower 5 or the spring fixing seat 7 and connected to an external power source. When powered on, the conductive coil can generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field can be controlled by controlling the current passing therethrough, and the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer 6 can be controlled thereby, thereby deforming the spring 8.

[0036] In the present invention, the outer surface of the follow-up control end 12 is subjected to certain drag reduction and wear resistance treatment, and directly contacts the contact surface 4 of the adaptive follower 5. The contact surface 4 of the adaptive follower 5 is also subjected to certain drag reduction and wear resistance treatment.

[0037] The principle of the present invention is that when the crushing object is placed in the crushing equipment composed of multiple devices, the power input end 11 of the rotating shaft 1 of the multiple devices starts to rotate under the drive of the power input component or transmission component such as the motor, and further drives the rotation of the entire rotating shaft 1, the crushing roller 2 and the crushing tooth 3. When the size and hardness of the crushing object are large and it is easy to damage the crushing roller 2 and the crushing tooth 3 and the motor or transmission component, the multiple crushing rollers 2 are automatically increased in the outward direction, so the rotating shaft 1 has a tendency to move outward. However, since the follow-up control end 12 is in direct contact with the conical contact surface 4 of the adaptive follower 5, additional pressure and friction force are generated on the adaptive follower 5. The additional pressure compresses the spring 8 in the axial direction, so the spring 8 immediately generates a force, which increases the friction force between the follow-up control end 12 and the conical contact surface 4 of the adaptive follower 5, which will hinder the relative movement of the follow-up control end 12 and the adaptive follower 5, that is, hinder the rotating shaft 1 from continuing to move outward. Therefore, the crushing rollers of multiple crushing devices finally reach a balanced position suitable for the size, hardness and other factors of the batch of crushing objects, ensuring the crushing effect, avoiding the damage of crushing teeth, crushing rollers and motors caused by crushing objects of different hardness, extending the service life of the equipment and reducing noise during use.

[0038] If the crushing effect needs to be adjusted, for example, if finer crushed particles or only coarse crushed particles are needed, the current of the annular conductive coil inside the adaptive follower 5 or the spring fixed seat 7 can be changed. At this time, the change in current causes the magnetic field to change, and the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer 6 changes immediately. Under the action of force, the amount of compression of the magnetorheological elastomer 6 changes, which is equivalent to changing the length of the spring 8, so the elastic force of the spring 8 changes. From the same principle, it can be seen that the friction between the follower control end 12 and the conical contact surface 4 of the adaptive follower 5 changes, that is, the equilibrium position and distance between the crushing rollers of multiple crushing devices change. By adjusting the distance between the crushing rollers of multiple crushing devices, the size of the crushed particles can be quickly adjusted, and multiple different levels and degrees of crushing of the same object can be achieved. It can also be adjusted and switched at any time according to different needs to achieve functions such as crushing, extrusion, and dehydration, and realize multiple uses of one machine. And these can be achieved by only changing the current size of the annular coil, which is truly convenient, rapid, and intelligent.

[0039] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive crushing device, comprising a plurality of crushing rollers, wherein the two axial ends of the crushing rollers are coaxially connected to rotating shafts, and characterized in that: Each crushing roller is respectively provided with an adaptive follower, which cooperates with one of the rotating shafts of the corresponding crushing roller. The adaptive follower includes an adaptive follower, a magnetorheological elastomer and a spring. One axial end of the adaptive follower is set as a contact surface. The shaft end of the rotating shaft matched with the adaptive follower contacts and cooperates with the contact surface of the adaptive follower, and there is non-point contact between the shaft end of the rotating shaft and the contact surface. One end of the spring is connected to the other axial end of the adaptive follower through the magnetorheological elastomer, and the other end of the spring is fixed. The adaptive follower is also provided with an energized conductive coil. The force generated when the spring in the adaptive follower is deformed hinders the non-rotational movement of the rotating shaft matched with the adaptive follower, and the magnetic force generated when the conductive coil is energized causes the magnetorheological elastomer to change its stiffness, thereby deforming the spring. The contact surface is an inner concave surface arranged at one axial end of the adaptive follower; The inner concave surface is a conical surface; The outer surface of the crushing roller is provided with a plurality of crushing teeth.

2. An adaptive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circle of the shaft end of the rotating shaft matched with the adaptive follower device contacts the conical surface part of the contact surface of the adaptive follower.

3. The adaptive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the rotating shaft matched with the adaptive follow-up device is treated with drag reduction and wear resistance.

4. The adaptive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface of the adaptive follower is treated with drag reduction and wear resistance.

5. The adaptive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive coil is arranged inside the adaptive follower in the adaptive follower.

6. The adaptive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spring is connected to the other axial end of the adaptive follower through a spring fixing seat and a magnetorheological elastic body in sequence.

7. An adaptive crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conductive coil is arranged inside the spring fixing seat.

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