Single-ended power supply excimer lamp
The arrangement of conductive heat dissipation rods and conductive ring networks improves the heat dissipation effect of single-ended powered excimer lamps, solves the problems of poor heat dissipation and complex wiring, and achieves stable ultraviolet light output and safe electricity consumption.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202011280127.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-11-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-11-16
AI Technical Summary
The heat dissipation effect of single-ended power supply excimer lamps is poor and the wiring is complex and cumbersome, resulting in reduced excitation efficiency and power safety issues.
Adopting the arrangement of conductive heat dissipation rods and conductive ring networks, the heat generated by the light-emitting ring sleeve is transmitted through the conductive heat dissipation rods and conductive ring networks, improving the heat dissipation effect, and simplifying the wires through the design of the ring-shaped outer electrode and inner electrode head. Connect to ensure security.
It significantly improves the heat dissipation effect of single-ended powered excimer lamps, stabilizes excitation efficiency, achieves continuous and stable ultraviolet light output, and simplifies wire connections and improves electricity safety.
Smart Images

Figure CN112201563B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lamps, in particular to a single-ended powered excimer lamp. Background Art
[0002] Single-ended powered excimer lamp, also known as ultraviolet single-ended powered excimer lamp, uses high voltage and high frequency outside the lamp tube to bombard the excimer gas inside the lamp tube to emit ultraviolet rays. Since the photon energy of the emitted ultraviolet rays is higher than the bond energy of most organic molecules, its single high-intensity ultraviolet rays can be used to achieve excellent light cleaning and light modification in the manufacture of semiconductors and LCD screens, and can also kill viruses, bacteria, etc., with good treatment effects and fast speed.
[0003] The excitation efficiency of a single-ended excimer lamp is very low. After working for a period of time, the temperature of the single-ended excimer lamp rises, which will cause a sharp decrease in the excitation efficiency. Therefore, in order to maintain the excitation efficiency of the single-ended excimer lamp, the heat dissipation of the single-ended excimer lamp becomes very important. When a single-ended excimer lamp is used, it must be excited under a certain high voltage. It is necessary to implement an anti-electric shock function in the structural design of the single-ended excimer lamp to prevent personal injury. Furthermore, the wiring of the existing single-ended excimer lamp external power supply is complicated and cumbersome, which can easily lead to power safety. Summary of the invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a single-ended power supply excimer lamp, aiming to solve the problems of poor heat dissipation and complicated wiring of the single-ended power supply excimer lamp in the prior art.
[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a single-ended power supply excimer lamp, comprising:
[0006] A lamp cap, the lamp cap comprising an annular outer electrode and an inner electrode head, the annular outer electrode encloses an inner cavity, the inner electrode head is arranged in the inner cavity, the annular outer electrode and the inner electrode head do not contact each other, and the annular outer electrode and the inner electrode head are used to electrically connect an external power source;
[0007] A support base, the support base is arranged opposite to the lamp holder, and the support base is made of insulating material;
[0008] A conductive heat dissipation rod, two ends of which are respectively installed in the lamp holder and the support seat, and the conductive heat dissipation rod is electrically connected to the inner electrode head;
[0009] A light-transmitting annular sleeve, the light-transmitting annular sleeve is arranged around the conductive heat dissipation rod, the extension direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeve is consistent with the extension direction of the conductive heat dissipation rod, the annular sleeve has an accommodating space, and the accommodating space is filled with excimer gas;
[0010] A conductive ring network is arranged around the light-transmitting annular sleeve, the extension direction of the conductive ring network is consistent with the extension direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeve, and one end of the conductive ring network is electrically connected to the annular outer electrode.
[0011] Furthermore, the light-transmitting annular sleeve comprises an inner tube and an outer tube connected to the inner tube, and there is a gap between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the gap forms the accommodating space.
[0012] Furthermore, the single-ended powered excimer lamp also includes a conductive heat dissipation tube, the extension direction of the conductive heat dissipation tube is consistent with the extension direction of the conductive heat dissipation rod, the inner wall of the conductive heat dissipation tube is arranged around the conductive heat dissipation rod, and there is a gap between the conductive heat dissipation tube and the conductive heat dissipation rod, the gap is filled with elastic conductive material, and the outer wall of the conductive heat dissipation tube fits the inner tube of the transparent annular sleeve.
[0013] Furthermore, there are multiple light-transmitting annular sleeves, which are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the extension direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeves. An annular heat-dissipating fin is provided between two adjacent light-transmitting annular sleeves. The annular heat-dissipating fin is sleeved on the outer periphery of the conductive heat-dissipating tube, and the two ends of the annular heat-dissipating fin are respectively abutted against the light-transmitting annular sleeves on both sides.
[0014] Furthermore, a first heat-conductive insulating ring is provided in the inner cavity of the annular outer electrode, and the first heat-conductive insulating ring is arranged around the inner electrode head, and the heat-conductive insulating ring is used to isolate the inner electrode head and the annular outer electrode.
[0015] Furthermore, the conductive cooling rod has a thread groove at one end close to the inner electrode head, the inner electrode head has a first connecting section and a second connecting section, the first connecting section has an external thread, and the first connecting section of the inner electrode head is threadedly connected to the thread groove of the conductive cooling rod.
[0016] Furthermore, the outer wall in the middle of the second connecting section of the first electrode head is recessed inward to form a first annular groove, and the single-ended powered excimer lamp also includes a first electrode buckle for clamping with the second connecting section, and the first electrode buckle has an elastic clamping portion, and the elastic clamping portion is used to embed into the first annular groove to realize the connection between the first electrode buckle and the second connecting section, and the first electrode buckle can be connected to an external power supply.
[0017] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the first electrode buckle is provided with a protective sleeve for preventing electric shock, the middle ring of the protective sleeve is provided with a protective ring, and the protective ring is used to cover the gap between the first thermally conductive insulating ring and the protective sleeve.
[0018] Furthermore, one end of the conductive ring mesh electrically connected to the annular outer electrode is bent to form an arc-shaped mesh groove, and the annular mesh groove is embedded in the inner cavity of the annular outer electrode. The annular mesh groove simultaneously abuts against the inner wall of the annular outer electrode and the outer wall of the transparent annular sleeve; an annular fixing block is embedded in the annular mesh groove.
[0019] Furthermore, a second heat-conducting insulating ring is arranged in the support seat, and the second heat-conducting insulating ring is used to isolate the conductive ring network and the conductive heat dissipation pipe.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the single-ended powered excimer lamp provided by the present invention, through the arrangement of the conductive heat sink rod, a large amount of heat generated by the light emission in the light-transmitting annular sleeve is dissipated and conducted through the conductive heat sink rod; at the same time, the conductive ring network can dissipate and conduct the large amount of heat generated by the light emission in the light-transmitting annular sleeve; this structural arrangement greatly improves the heat dissipation effect of the entire single-ended powered excimer lamp, and the heat of the light-transmitting annular sleeve is extracted, so that the temperature inside the light-transmitting annular sleeve can be reduced, thereby stabilizing the excitation efficiency of the single-ended powered excimer lamp, thereby generating continuous and stable ultraviolet light; and the inner cavity is formed by enclosing the annular outer electrode, and the inner electrode head is arranged in the inner cavity, and the annular outer electrode and the inner electrode head do not contact each other, so that the annular outer electrode and the inner electrode head are arranged on the same side of the light-transmitting annular sleeve; in this way, when the external power supply is connected to the annular outer electrode and the inner electrode head, the connection of the wires is simple, and there is no need to connect the two sides of the light-transmitting annular sleeve separately, the wire connection is convenient, and the electricity use is relatively safe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-ended power supply excimer lamp provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-ended power supply excimer lamp provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;
[0024] Figure 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;
[0025] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at C in the middle;
[0026] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a conductive ring network provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0028] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of this embodiment correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0029] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0030] Reference Figure 1-6 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is provided.
[0031] A single-ended powered excimer lamp, comprising:
[0032] The lamp cap comprises an annular outer electrode 1 and an inner electrode head 2, wherein the annular outer electrode 1 encloses an inner cavity, the inner electrode head 2 is arranged in the inner cavity, the annular outer electrode 1 and the inner electrode head 2 do not contact each other, and the annular outer electrode 1 and the inner electrode head 2 are used to electrically connect an external power source;
[0033] A support base 3, the support base 3 is arranged opposite to the lamp holder, and the support base 3 is made of insulating material;
[0034] A conductive heat dissipation rod 4, both ends of which are respectively mounted in the lamp holder and the support seat 3, and the conductive heat dissipation rod 4 is electrically connected to the inner electrode head 2;
[0035] A light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 is arranged around the conductive heat dissipation rod 4. The extending direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 is consistent with the extending direction of the conductive heat dissipation rod 4. The annular sleeve has an accommodating space, and the accommodating space is filled with excimer gas;
[0036] The conductive ring network 6 is arranged around the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 , the extension direction of the conductive ring network 6 is consistent with the extension direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 , and one end of the conductive ring network 6 is electrically connected to the annular outer electrode 1 .
[0037] The luminous principle of the above-mentioned single-ended powered excimer lamp is: the inner electrode head 2 is powered, the conductive heat sink 4 is electrically connected to the inner electrode head 2, the annular outer electrode 1 is powered, the annular outer electrode 1 is electrically connected to the conductive ring network 6, the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 is arranged around the conductive heat sink 4, and the conductive ring network 6 is arranged around the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5, which is equivalent to forming two relatively arranged electrodes on the inner and outer sides of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5, and a discharge space is formed between the two electrodes. When a sufficiently high discharge voltage is applied to the two electrodes, the excimer gas in the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 in the discharge space will be broken down to form a dielectric barrier discharge, and ultraviolet light will be generated.
[0038] The single-ended powered excimer lamp provided by the present invention, through the arrangement of the conductive heat sink 4, a large amount of heat generated by the light emission in the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 is dissipated and conducted through the conductive heat sink 4; at the same time, the conductive ring network 6 can dissipate and conduct the large amount of heat generated by the light emission in the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5; this structural arrangement method greatly improves the heat dissipation effect of the entire single-ended powered excimer lamp, and the heat of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 is extracted, so that the temperature inside the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 can be reduced, thereby stabilizing the excitation efficiency of the single-ended powered excimer lamp, thereby generating continuous and stable ultraviolet light; and an inner cavity is formed by enclosing the annular outer electrode 1, and the inner electrode head 2 is arranged in the inner cavity, and the annular outer electrode 1 and the inner electrode head 2 do not contact each other, so that the annular outer electrode 1 and the inner electrode head 2 are arranged on the same side of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5; in this way, when the external power supply is connected to the annular outer electrode 1 and the inner electrode head 2, the connection of the wires is simple, and there is no need to connect the two sides of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 respectively, the wire connection is convenient, and the use of electricity is relatively safe.
[0039] It should be noted that the excimer gas refers to a mixed gas formed by mixing an inert gas and a halogen gas.
[0040] Preferably, the support seat 3 is made of ceramic material. First, ceramic material has good thermal conductivity and ceramic is not conductive. Second, the light-transmitting annular conduit can be made of glass or sapphire. The conductive ring net 6 and the conductive heat sink 4 are made of metal material. They have conductive properties and good heat dissipation properties.
[0041] Furthermore, the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 includes an inner tube 51 and an outer tube 52 connected to the inner tube 51 , and there is a gap between the inner tube 51 and the outer tube 52 , and the gap forms an accommodating space; the excimer gas is arranged in the accommodating space.
[0042] As an embodiment of the present invention, the single-ended power supply excimer lamp also includes a conductive heat dissipation tube 7, the extension direction of the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 is consistent with the extension direction of the conductive heat dissipation rod 4, the inner wall of the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 is arranged around the conductive heat dissipation rod 4, and there is a gap between the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 and the conductive heat dissipation rod 4, the gap is filled with elastic conductive material 8, and the outer wall of the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 fits the inner tube 51 of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5; in this case, firstly, by filling the gap with elastic conductive material 8, such as a metal mesh, the electrical connection between the conductive heat dissipation rod 4 and the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 is achieved, which is equivalent to the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 and the conductive ring mesh. 6 constitute electrodes arranged relatively, which can excite the excimer gas in the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5; at the same time, since a large amount of heat is generated when the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 performs light-emitting work, the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 is prone to thermal expansion. Since the inner tube 51 of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 fits the outer wall of the conductive heat dissipation tube 7, there is a gap between the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 and the conductive heat dissipation rod 4, and the gap is filled with elastic conductive material. In this way, even if the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 undergoes thermal expansion, a certain amount of thermal expansion and deformation space is given to the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5, and the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 will not be broken due to extrusion, thereby improving the service life of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5. Specifically, the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 is made of metal with good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity.
[0043] As an embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple light-transmitting annular sleeves 5, and the multiple light-transmitting annular sleeves 5 are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the extension direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeves 5. An annular heat dissipation fin 9 is arranged between two adjacent light-transmitting annular sleeves 5. The annular heat dissipation fin 9 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the conductive heat dissipation tube 7, and the two ends of the annular heat dissipation fin 9 respectively abut the light-transmitting annular sleeves 5 on both sides; if the length of the light-transmitting annular sleeve 5 is too long, a large amount of heat will be generated during the operation, so the present application arranges multiple light-transmitting annular sleeves 5 arranged in sequence, and annular heat dissipation fins 9 are arranged between adjacent light-transmitting annular sleeves 5. The annular heat dissipation fins 9 can be made of a ceramic material with good thermal conductivity. This arrangement is very beneficial to the dissipation of heat generated by the light-transmitting annular sleeves 5.
[0044] A first heat-conductive insulating ring 10 is provided in the inner cavity of the annular outer electrode 1, and the first heat-conductive insulating ring 10 is arranged around the inner electrode head 2, and the first heat-conductive insulating ring 10 is used to isolate the inner electrode head 2 and the annular outer electrode; the annular outer electrode 1 is used to be connected to an external power supply, and the annular outer electrode 1 has a connection structure connected to the external power supply, and the inner electrode head 2 is used to be connected to the external power supply. In order to achieve the normal operation of the single-ended powered excimer lamp, the annular outer electrode 1 and the inner electrode head 2 should be prevented from contacting to form a short circuit. The first heat-conductive insulating ring 10 can isolate the inner electrode head 2 and the annular outer electrode 1 to effectively prevent the occurrence of a short circuit. At the same time, the first heat-conductive insulating ring 10 has excellent thermal conductivity, which further enhances the overall heat dissipation capacity of the single-ended powered excimer lamp. Specifically, the first heat-conductive insulating ring 10 is preferably made of ceramic material.
[0045] The conductive heat dissipation rod 4 has a threaded groove at one end close to the inner electrode head 2, and the inner electrode head 2 has a first connecting section 21 and a second connecting section 22. The first connecting section 21 has an external thread, and the first connecting section 21 of the inner electrode head 2 is threadedly connected to the threaded groove of the conductive heat dissipation rod 4. By providing an external thread on the first connecting section 21 of the inner electrode head 2, the inner electrode head 2 and the conductive heat dissipation rod 4 can be threadedly connected, and the connection is firm, simple and easy to disassemble.
[0046] Specifically, the outer wall in the middle of the second connecting section 22 of the first electrode head is recessed inward to form a first annular groove. The single-ended powered excimer lamp also includes a first electrode buckle 11 for clamping with the second connecting section 22. The first electrode buckle 11 has an elastic clamping portion, which is used to embed into the first annular groove to achieve the connection between the first electrode buckle 11 and the second connecting section 22. The first electrode buckle 11 can be connected to an external power supply; the first electrode buckle 11 is used to connect to an external power supply, and the inner electrode head 2 can be directly clamped with the first electrode buckle 11 to achieve connection with an external power supply, which is convenient for assembly.
[0047] Furthermore, a protective cover 12 for preventing electric shock is provided on the outer periphery of the first electrode buckle 11, and a protective ring 121 is provided on the middle ring of the protective cover 12. The protective ring 121 is used to seal the gap between the first thermally conductive insulating ring 10 and the protective cover 12; the protective cover 12 and the protective ring 121 can effectively prevent high voltage electricity from contacting the human body and prevent personal injury.
[0048] Furthermore, one end of the conductive ring mesh 6 electrically connected to the annular outer electrode 1 is bent to form an arc-shaped mesh groove 61, and the annular mesh groove is embedded in the inner cavity of the annular outer electrode 1, and the annular mesh groove abuts against the inner wall of the annular outer electrode 1 and the outer wall of the transparent annular sleeve 5 at the same time; an annular fixing block 62 is embedded in the annular mesh groove, and the annular fixing block 62 is used to fix the annular mesh groove and the annular outer electrode 1.
[0049] As an embodiment of the present invention, a second thermally conductive insulating ring 13 is arranged in the support base 3, and the second thermally conductive insulating ring 13 is used to isolate the conductive ring network 6 and the conductive heat dissipation tube 7; in order to realize the normal operation of the single-ended powered excimer lamp, the conductive ring network 6 and the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 should be prevented from contacting to form a short circuit. The second thermally conductive insulating ring 13 can isolate the conductive ring network 6 and the conductive heat dissipation tube 7 to effectively prevent the occurrence of a short circuit. At the same time, the second thermally conductive insulating ring 13 has excellent thermal conductivity, which further enhances the overall heat dissipation capacity of the single-ended powered excimer lamp. Specifically, the second thermally conductive insulating ring 13 is preferably made of ceramic material.
[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A single-ended power supply excimer lamp, characterized in that: include: A lamp cap, the lamp cap comprising an annular outer electrode and an inner electrode head, the annular outer electrode encloses an inner cavity, the inner electrode head is arranged in the inner cavity, the annular outer electrode and the inner electrode head do not contact each other, and the annular outer electrode and the inner electrode head are used to electrically connect an external power source; A support base, the support base is arranged opposite to the lamp holder, and the support base is made of insulating material; A conductive heat dissipation rod, two ends of which are respectively installed in the lamp holder and the support seat, and the conductive heat dissipation rod is electrically connected to the inner electrode head; A light-transmitting annular sleeve, the light-transmitting annular sleeve is arranged around the conductive heat dissipation rod, the extension direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeve is consistent with the extension direction of the conductive heat dissipation rod, the light-transmitting annular sleeve has an accommodating space, and the accommodating space is filled with excimer gas; A conductive ring network, the conductive ring network is arranged around the light-transmitting annular sleeve, the extension direction of the conductive ring network is consistent with the extension direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeve, and one end of the conductive ring network is electrically connected to the annular outer electrode; The light-transmitting annular sleeve comprises an inner tube and an outer tube connected to the inner tube, and there is a gap between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the gap forms the accommodating space; The single-ended power supply excimer lamp further includes a conductive heat dissipation tube, the extension direction of the conductive heat dissipation tube is consistent with the extension direction of the conductive heat dissipation rod, the inner wall of the conductive heat dissipation tube is arranged around the conductive heat dissipation rod, there is a gap between the conductive heat dissipation tube and the conductive heat dissipation rod, the gap is filled with elastic conductive material, and the outer wall of the conductive heat dissipation tube fits the inner tube of the light-transmitting annular sleeve; There are multiple light-transmitting annular sleeves, and the multiple light-transmitting annular sleeves are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the light-transmitting annular sleeves. An annular heat dissipation fin is arranged between two adjacent light-transmitting annular sleeves. The annular heat dissipation fin is sleeved on the outer periphery of the conductive heat dissipation tube, and the two ends of the annular heat dissipation fin are respectively A light-transmitting annular sleeve abutting both sides; A first heat-conducting insulating ring is provided in the inner cavity of the annular outer electrode, the first heat-conducting insulating ring is arranged around the inner electrode head, and the first heat-conducting insulating ring is used to isolate the inner electrode head and the annular outer electrode; A second heat-conducting insulating ring is arranged in the support seat, and the second heat-conducting insulating ring is used to isolate the conductive ring network and the conductive heat dissipation pipe.
2. The single-ended power supply excimer lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive heat dissipation rod has a thread groove at one end close to the inner electrode head. The inner electrode head has a first connecting section and a second connecting section. The first connecting section has an external thread. The first connecting section of the inner electrode head is threadedly connected to the thread groove of the conductive heat dissipation rod.
3. The single-ended power supply excimer lamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall in the middle of the second connecting section of the inner electrode head is recessed inward to form a first annular groove. The single-ended powered excimer lamp also includes a first electrode buckle for clamping with the second connecting section. The first electrode buckle has an elastic clamping portion, and the elastic clamping portion is used to embed into the first annular groove to achieve the connection between the first electrode buckle and the second connecting section. The first electrode buckle can be connected to an external power supply.
4. The single-ended power supply excimer lamp according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer peripheral sleeve of the first electrode buckle is provided with a protective sleeve for preventing electric shock, and the middle ring of the protective sleeve is provided with a protective ring, and the protective ring is used to cover the gap between the first thermally conductive insulating ring and the protective sleeve.
5. The single-ended power supply excimer lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the conductive ring mesh electrically connected to the annular outer electrode is bent to form an annular mesh groove, which is embedded in the inner cavity of the annular outer electrode. The annular mesh groove simultaneously abuts against the inner wall of the annular outer electrode and the outer wall of the light-transmitting annular sleeve; an annular fixing block is embedded in the annular mesh groove.