A high-speed seedling planting machine

Abstract

A high-speed pot seedling transplanting machine comprises: a frame; an electric control system installed on the frame; a tray moving device, the tray moving device comprises a seedling tray frame, a tray moving motor and a conveying mechanism, the seedling tray frame is installed on the frame, the conveying mechanism and the tray moving motor are respectively installed on the seedling tray frame, the conveying mechanism is connected to the tray moving motor, and the tray moving motor is connected to the electric control system; a seedling pushing device, installed at the rear of the seedling tray frame, the seedling pushing device comprises a seedling pushing motor, a seedling pushing rod and a seedling pushing mechanism, the seedling pushing mechanism is respectively connected to the seedling pushing motor and the seedling pushing rod, the seedling pushing rod is directly facing the seedling pushing position at the bottom of the tray moving device, and the seedling pushing motor is connected to the electric control system; a seedling delivery device, installed at the lower part of the tray moving device and located below the ejection side of the seedling pushing position; a seedling guiding and separating device, installed on the frame and located at the end of the seedling delivering device, and connected to the electric control system; and a planting device, installed on the frame and located below the seedling guiding and separating device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an automatic pot seedling transplanting machine, in particular to a high-speed pot seedling transplanting machine capable of completing automatic transplanting. Background Art

[0002] Seedling transplanting technology can make full use of light and heat resources, improve the crop multiple cropping index, effectively prevent frost, and has the comprehensive benefits of compensating for the climate and advancing crop growth. It is an important means for my country to ensure the security of agricultural product supply in the future. Domestic transplanting is mainly based on manual transplanting and semi-automatic transplanting machines: manual transplanting has high labor intensity and low efficiency, and large-scale operations cannot be completed; semi-automatic transplanting is done by manual seedling removal, and then the removed pot seedlings are placed in the corresponding conveying device or directly sent to the planting device. Due to the limited speed of manual seedling feeding, the large number of operators, and the low operating efficiency, it is not suitable for completing large-scale transplanting in a short period of time, and the mechanization benefits are not obvious; in addition, in some areas with a small population and a large planting area, the shortage of labor has made semi-automatic transplanting impossible to promote. In addition, the use of transplanting and drip irrigation technology requires the rapid completion of the transplanting operation of the entire strip field, which puts higher requirements on the speed of the transplanter. The fully automatic transplanter can effectively solve the problems of insufficient labor and low operating efficiency, and is generally considered to be the ultimate development direction at home and abroad. A certain number of fully automatic transplanters have been promoted and used abroad, but most of them are large in size, with high maintenance costs, and do not meet the domestic planting agronomic requirements. Therefore, they have not been widely promoted in China. The development of automatic transplanters in my country is mostly in the state of experimental prototypes, and most of them have complex structures. The research results have not been put into practical application so far. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-speed seedling pot transplanting machine which is suitable for agronomic needs, simple and reliable and can complete automatic transplanting in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-speed seedling pot transplanting machine, which includes:

[0005] frame;

[0006] An electric control system, installed on the frame, for controlling the action sequence and operation flow of each action device;

[0007] A tray moving device is installed on the frame and connected to the electric control system. The tray moving device includes a seedling tray rack, a tray moving motor and a conveying mechanism. The seedling tray rack is installed on the frame. The conveying mechanism and the tray moving motor are respectively installed on the seedling tray rack. The conveying mechanism is connected to the tray moving motor, and the tray moving motor is connected to the electric control system.

[0008] A seedling pushing device is installed behind the seedling tray frame, the seedling pushing device comprises a seedling pushing motor, a seedling pushing rod and a seedling pushing mechanism, the seedling pushing mechanism is connected to the seedling pushing motor and the seedling pushing rod respectively, the seedling pushing rod is directly opposite to the seedling pushing position at the bottom of the tray moving device, and the seedling pushing motor is connected to the electric control system;

[0009] A seedling delivery device is installed at the lower part of the tray moving device and is located below the ejection side of the seedling ejection position;

[0010] A seedling guiding and separating device is installed on the frame and located at the end of the seedling delivering device, and the seedling guiding and separating device is connected to the electric control system; and

[0011] A planting device is installed on the frame and is located below the seedling guiding and separating device.

[0012] The high-speed seedling pot transplanter, wherein the planting device comprises:

[0013] A gearbox, mounted on the frame;

[0014] an elliptical planetary gearbox, mounted on both sides of the gearbox and connected to the output shaft of the gearbox; and

[0015] The duckbill planter is mounted on the planetary shaft of the elliptical planetary gearbox.

[0016] The above-mentioned high-speed seedling pot transplanter, wherein the seedling pushing mechanism is a crank slider mechanism, which is used to convert the rotational motion of the seedling pushing motor into the linear reciprocating motion of the seedling pushing rod, the crank of the crank slider mechanism is connected to the seedling pushing motor, and the seedling pushing rod is installed on the slider of the crank slider mechanism.

[0017] The above-mentioned high-speed pot seedling transplanting machine, wherein the seedling delivery device includes a seedling delivery rack, a seedling delivery mechanism and a seedling delivery motor, the seedling delivery rack is connected to the frame, the seedling delivery mechanism and the seedling delivery motor are installed on the seedling delivery rack, and the seedling delivery mechanism is connected to the seedling delivery motor.

[0018] The above-mentioned high-speed seedling pot transplanting machine, wherein the seedling delivery mechanism includes a seedling delivery drive shaft, a full-tooth or half-tooth seedling delivery conveyor belt and a seedling delivery drive pulley, the output shaft of the seedling delivery motor is connected to the seedling delivery drive shaft, the seedling delivery drive pulley is installed at the end of the seedling delivery drive shaft, and the seedling delivery conveyor belt is coaxially fixed on the seedling delivery drive pulley.

[0019] The above-mentioned high-speed seedling pot transplanter, wherein the seedling delivery motor is connected to the electronic control system.

[0020] The above-mentioned high-speed pot seedling transplanting machine, wherein the seedling guiding and separating device includes a seedling guiding tube, a seedling separating mechanism and a seedling separating motor, the seedling guiding tube is installed on the seedling delivering rack and is located at one end of the fallen seedlings, the seedling separating mechanism is installed on one side of the seedling tray rack, the seedling separating motor is connected to the seedling separating mechanism, the seedling guiding tube is located below the seedling separating mechanism, and is used to transform the seedlings dropped from the seedling delivering conveyor belt from an inclined position to a vertical position.

[0021] The above-mentioned high-speed pot seedling transplanter, wherein the seedling separation mechanism includes a crank rocker mechanism and a seedling separation brush, the crank rocker mechanism is used to convert the rotation of the seedling separation motor into the swing of the seedling separation brush, the crank of the crank rocker mechanism is connected to the seedling separation motor, and the seedling separation brush is connected to the rocker of the crank rocker mechanism.

[0022] In the above-mentioned high-speed seedling planting machine, the seedling guide tube is a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, the planting duckbill of the duckbill planter is located directly below the seedling guide tube, and the input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor.

[0023] In the above-mentioned high-speed seedling pot transplanting machine, a position sensor is installed at the seedling taking position of the seedling tray rack, and the position sensor is connected to the electronic control system.

[0024] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0025] When the transplanting machine of the present invention is working, the seedling tray is placed on the seedling delivery device, and the seedling delivery device will transport the seedlings to a specific position through longitudinal intermittent motion, and the seedling pushing component will push the seedlings out through the air holes at the bottom of the seedling tray. The pushed out seedlings fall onto the conveyor belt transport device. The seedling guiding and separating device converts the seedlings from a horizontal posture to a vertical posture one by one and puts them into the planter. The planter plants the seedlings into the ground to complete the automatic transplanting operation. The present invention reduces labor intensity and frees the operator from heavy and repetitive labor. The work process is simple and can complete high-speed automatic transplanting operations. Its operating efficiency is 2-3 times higher than that of a semi-automatic transplanter and 20-30 times higher than that of manual transplanting.

[0026] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Front view of .

[0030] Among them, the reference numerals

[0031] 1 rack

[0032] 2 seedling top device

[0033] 21 top seedling poles

[0034] 22 seedling agency

[0035] 23 seedling motor

[0036] 3. Seedling guiding and separating device

[0037] 31 Seedling Guide

[0038] 32 seedling division mechanism

[0039] 33 points seedling brush

[0040] 4 Planting device

[0041] 41 Gearbox

[0042] 42 duckbill planter

[0043] 43 planetary gearbox

[0044] 5. Plate moving device

[0045] 51 seedling tray rack

[0046] 52 toothed conveyor belt

[0047] 53 shifting wheel

[0048] 54 disc drive shaft

[0049] 55 plate moving motor

[0050] 6Seedling delivery device

[0051] 61 seedling rack

[0052] 62 seedling delivery drive shaft

[0053] 63 seedling delivery drive pulley

[0054] 64 seedling feeding motor

[0055] 65 seedling conveyor belt

[0056] 7 seedling tray DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The structural principle and working principle of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0058] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of Figure 3 for Figure 1 The high-speed seedling pot transplanter of the present invention comprises: a frame 1; an electric control system (not shown), which is installed on the frame 1 and is used to control the action sequence and operation process of each device; a tray moving device 5, which is installed on the frame 1 and tilted, and is connected to the electric control system. The tray moving device 5 comprises a seedling tray frame 51, a tray moving motor 55 and a conveying mechanism. The seedling tray frame 51 is installed on the frame 1, and the conveying mechanism and the tray moving motor 55 are respectively installed on the seedling tray frame 51. The conveying mechanism is connected to the tray moving motor 55. The conveying mechanism comprises a toothed conveyor belt 52, a tray moving pulley 53 and The disc shifting drive shaft 54, in this embodiment, the output shaft of the disc shifting motor 55 is preferably connected to the disc shifting drive shaft 54 ​​of the conveying mechanism through a coupling. The disc shifting drive shaft 54 ​​includes a driving shaft and a driven shaft, the disc shifting motor 55 is connected to its driving shaft, the disc shifting pulley 53 of the conveying mechanism is fixed to the disc shifting drive shaft 54 ​​of the conveying mechanism through a key connection, the toothed conveyor belt 52 is tensioned and fixed on the disc shifting pulley 53 and driven by the disc shifting pulley 53, the disc shifting motor 55 rotates through the disc shifting drive shaft 54 ​​and the disc shifting pulley 53, and finally drives the toothed conveyor belt 52; the disc shifting motor 55 is connected to the electronic control system, and the seedling disc The seedling taking position of the frame 51 can be installed with a position sensor, and the position sensor is connected to the electronic control system; the seedling pushing device 2 is installed behind the seedling tray frame 51, and the seedling pushing device 2 includes a seedling pushing motor 23, a seedling pushing rod 21 and a seedling pushing mechanism 22, and the seedling pushing mechanism 22 is respectively connected to the seedling pushing motor 23 and the seedling pushing rod 21, and the seedling pushing rod 21 is directly opposite to the seedling pushing position at the bottom of the shifting device 5, and the seedling pushing motor 23 is connected to the electronic control system, wherein the seedling pushing mechanism 22 is preferably a crank slider mechanism, which is used to convert the rotational motion of the seedling pushing motor 23 into the rotation of the seedling pushing rod 21 Linear reciprocating motion, the crank of the crank slider mechanism is connected to the seedling-elevating motor 23, and the seedling-elevating rod 21 is installed on the slider of the crank slider mechanism; the seedling-delivering device 6 is installed at the lower part of the disc shifting device 5 and is located below the ejection side of the seedling-elevating position; the seedling-guiding and seedling-separating device 3 is installed on the frame 1 and is located at the end of the seedling-delivering device 6, that is, the end where the potted seedlings fall, and the seedling-guiding and seedling-separating device 3 is connected to the electronic control system; and the planting device 4 is installed on the frame 1 and is located below the seedling-guiding and seedling-separating device 3, and the power of the planting device 4 can be provided by the tractor power output shaft.

[0059] In this embodiment, the planting device 4 includes: a gearbox 41, installed on the frame 1; an elliptical planetary gearbox 43, installed on both sides of the gearbox 41 and connected to the output shaft of the gearbox 41, and driven by the output shaft of the gearbox 41; and a duckbill planter 42, installed on the planetary shaft of the elliptical planetary gearbox 43 and driven thereby, and the input shaft of the gearbox 41 is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor.

[0060] The seedling delivery device 6 of this embodiment is fixed in front of the seedling tray frame 51, on the other side of the seedling tray frame 51 relative to the seedling push device 2, that is, it is located below the top seedling position and includes a seedling delivery frame 61, a seedling delivery mechanism and a seedling delivery motor 64. The seedling delivery frame 61 is connected to the frame 1, and the seedling delivery mechanism and the seedling delivery motor 64 are installed on the seedling delivery frame 61, and the seedling delivery mechanism is connected to the seedling delivery motor 64. The seedling delivery mechanism includes a seedling delivery drive shaft 62, a full-tooth or half-toothed seedling delivery conveyor belt 65 (a full-toothed conveyor belt is shown in the figure) and a seedling delivery drive pulley 63. The output shaft of the seedling delivery motor 64 is connected to the seedling delivery drive shaft 62 through a coupling, and the seedling delivery drive pulley 63 is fixedly installed at the end of the seedling delivery drive shaft 62 through a key connection, and the seedling delivery conveyor belt 65 is coaxially fixed on the seedling delivery drive pulley 63. The seedling delivery motor 64 can also be connected to the electronic control system.

[0061] In this embodiment, the seedling guiding and separating device 3 includes a seedling guiding tube 31, a seedling separating mechanism 32 and a seedling separating motor (not shown). The seedling guiding tube 31 is installed on the seedling delivery frame 61 and is located at one end of the fallen seedlings. The seedling separating mechanism 32 is installed on one side of the seedling tray frame 51. The seedling separating motor is connected to the seedling separating mechanism 32. The seedling guiding tube 31 is located below the seedling separating mechanism 32 and is used to convert the seedlings dropped from the seedling delivery conveyor belt 65 from an inclined position to a vertical position. The seedling separating mechanism 32 includes a crank rocker mechanism and a seedling separating brush 33. The crank rocker mechanism is used to convert the rotation of the seedling separating motor into the swing of the seedling separating brush 33. The crank of the crank rocker mechanism is connected to the seedling separating motor, and the seedling separating brush 33 is connected to the rocker of the crank rocker mechanism. The seedling separating brush 33 can be fixed to the end of the rocker of the crank rocker mechanism. The seedling separation motor drives the crank of the crank rocker mechanism to rotate, which is converted into the swing of the rocker through the crank rocker mechanism. The seedling separation brush 33 swings up and down under the drive of the rocker, and pushes the seedlings on the seedling conveyor belt 65 into the seedling guide tube 31 one by one. The seedling guide tube 31 is preferably a structure with a large top and a small bottom. Its special shape is used to convert the seedlings dropped from the seedling conveyor belt 65 from an inclined state to a vertical state. The planting duckbill of the duckbill planter 42 is located directly below the seedling guide tube 31.

[0062] The working process of the present invention is as follows: the seedling tray 7 is placed on the tray moving device 5, and the tray moving device 5 transports the seedling tray 7 to the set position through longitudinal intermittent motion, specifically including the rotation of the tray moving motor 55, when the seedling tray 7 is turned to the seedling taking position, the position sensor gives a signal, and the tray moving motor 55 is stationary; at this time, the seedling pushing motor 23 rotates, and the seedling pushing device 2 pushes the entire row of plug tray seedlings out of the plug tray through the air vents at the bottom of the seedling tray 7; the pushed out seedlings fall on the seedling conveyor belt 65 of the seedling sending device 6, and the seedling conveyor belt 65 moves at a fixed speed; when the seedlings move to the end of the seedling sending frame 61 along with the seedling conveyor belt 65, the seedling guiding and separating device 3 converts the seedlings from a horizontal posture to a vertical posture one by one, and puts them into the duckbill planting device 42 one by one; the duckbill planting device 42 plants the seedlings underground to complete the automatic transplanting operation. After the seedling pushing rod 21 completes a seedling pushing action, the electric control system controls the tray moving motor 55 to continue to rotate, drives the seedling tray 7 to move the distance of a plug tray, and starts the next seedling taking process. Repeat this process until the seedlings are transplanted into the pots.

[0063] The present invention can be configured as a transplanter with one row, two rows or multiple rows as required, and the figure shows a two-row transplanter. The present invention reduces labor intensity, frees operators from heavy repetitive labor, has a simple workflow, and can complete high-speed automatic transplanting operations. Its operating efficiency is 2-3 times higher than that of a semi-automatic transplanter and 20-30 times higher than that of manual transplanting.

[0064] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed seedling planting machine, characterized in that: include: frame; An electric control system, installed on the frame, for controlling the action sequence and operation flow of each action device; A tray moving device is installed on the frame and connected to the electric control system. The tray moving device includes a seedling tray rack, a tray moving motor and a conveying mechanism. The seedling tray rack is installed on the frame. The conveying mechanism and the tray moving motor are respectively installed on the seedling tray rack. The conveying mechanism is connected to the tray moving motor, and the tray moving motor is connected to the electric control system. A seedling pushing device is installed behind the seedling tray frame, the seedling pushing device comprises a seedling pushing motor, a seedling pushing rod and a seedling pushing mechanism, the seedling pushing mechanism is connected to the seedling pushing motor and the seedling pushing rod respectively, the seedling pushing rod is directly opposite to the seedling pushing position at the bottom of the tray moving device, and the seedling pushing motor is connected to the electric control system; A seedling delivery device is installed at the lower part of the tray moving device and is located below the ejection side of the seedling ejection position; A seedling guiding and separating device is installed on the frame and located at the end of the seedling delivering device, and the seedling guiding and separating device is connected to the electric control system; as well as A planting device, mounted on the frame and located below the seedling guiding and separating device; Wherein, the seedling lifting mechanism is a crank slider mechanism, which is used to convert the rotational motion of the seedling lifting motor into the linear reciprocating motion of the seedling lifting rod, the crank of the crank slider mechanism is connected to the seedling lifting motor, and the seedling lifting rod is installed on the slider of the crank slider mechanism; The seedling delivery device comprises a seedling delivery frame, a seedling delivery mechanism and a seedling delivery motor, wherein the seedling delivery frame is connected to the frame, the seedling delivery mechanism and the seedling delivery motor are installed on the seedling delivery frame, and the seedling delivery mechanism is connected to the seedling delivery motor; The seedling delivery mechanism comprises a seedling delivery drive shaft, a full-tooth or half-toothed seedling delivery conveyor belt and a seedling delivery drive pulley, the output shaft of the seedling delivery motor is connected to the seedling delivery drive shaft, the seedling delivery drive pulley is installed at the end of the seedling delivery drive shaft, and the seedling delivery conveyor belt is coaxially fixed on the seedling delivery drive pulley; The seedling guiding and separating device comprises a seedling guiding cylinder, a seedling separating mechanism and a seedling separating motor, wherein the seedling guiding cylinder is mounted on the seedling conveying frame and is located at one end of the falling seedlings, the seedling separating mechanism is mounted on one side of the seedling tray frame, the seedling separating motor is connected to the seedling separating mechanism, and the seedling guiding cylinder is located below the seedling separating mechanism, and is used to transform the seedlings falling from the seedling conveying conveyor belt from an inclined position to a vertical position; The seedling separation mechanism includes a crank rocker mechanism and a seedling separation brush. The crank rocker mechanism is used to convert the rotation of the seedling separation motor into the swing of the seedling separation brush. The crank of the crank rocker mechanism is connected to the seedling separation motor, and the seedling separation brush is connected to the rocker of the crank rocker mechanism.

2. The high-speed seedling planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting device comprises: A gearbox, mounted on the frame; an elliptical planetary gearbox mounted on both sides of the gearbox and connected to the output shaft of the gearbox; and The duckbill planter is mounted on the planetary shaft of the elliptical planetary gearbox.

3. The high-speed seedling planting machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling sending motor is connected with the electric control system.

4. The high-speed seedling planting machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The seedling guide tube is of a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The planting duckbill of the duckbill planter is located directly below the seedling guide tube. The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the power output shaft of the tractor.

5. The high-speed seedling pot transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A position sensor is installed at the seedling taking position of the seedling tray rack, and the position sensor is connected to the electric control system.

Images