An efficient filling method for small goaf groups in underground mines

Abstract

The present invention provides an efficient filling method for a group of small underground goafs, which relates to the technical field of underground filling in metal mines, and includes the following steps: S1, constructing two filling holes in each small goaf, the two filling holes are arranged in an "eight" shape, one is used as a filling hole, and the other is used for exhaust and observation; S2, a main filling pipeline is set at the front end of the small goaf group. The present invention adopts two filling holes arranged in an "eight" shape, which effectively solves the problem that the small goafs are low and easy to cause blockage of the outlet holes, and can better achieve the goal of filling and connecting to the top; the large goaf is connected through a branch pipeline, and the goaf is used as a buffer goaf. The filling system does not need to be shut down, which saves the flushing time of the system filling, and effectively improves the filling efficiency of the small goaf. In addition, the pipe washing water is discharged into the middle drainage ditch, which greatly reduces the pipe flushing water entering the small goaf, and effectively improves the top connection rate of the small goaf.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground filling in metal mines, and in particular to a high-efficiency filling method for a group of small goafs with a large number of goafs and a small volume of a single goaf. Background Art

[0002] As my country attaches great importance to the safety of metal mines, various metal mines are also strengthening the elimination of safety hazards in all aspects of mines. Goaf is an important part of underground safety hazards. In the past, many metal mine goafs were only closed due to their small size. When there are many and concentrated goafs, with the weathering of the surrounding ore rocks, the goafs may collapse on a large scale in the later stage, causing the loss of personnel or mechanical equipment. Therefore, the goaf group needs to be filled and managed.

[0003] The average thickness of the ore body in a certain mining area of ​​a certain mine is 4m. The mine uses the method of reserving pillars to recover the ore body. After the recovery is completed, a large number of small goafs are formed, and the goafs are separated by pillars. At present, the ore body has been fully recovered, and the goaf is buried at a depth of -280m to -520m. Since the upper part of the goaf is the mine tailings pond, in order to eliminate the hidden danger of sand leakage from the tailings pond through the surface exploration holes and avoid the hidden danger of secondary disasters in the goaf group, the goaf needs to be filled and managed. The total volume of the goaf is 1.2 million m3, and the volume of a single goaf is 300-1000m3. Due to the long closure time of the goaf and the ore-collecting tunnel, the stability of the surrounding rock is poor, and considering better filling and top connection, the mine adopts the filling drilling method in the middle tunnel of the upper part of the goaf for filling.

[0004] There are many problems in filling small goaf groups according to traditional filling methods:

[0005] (1) Since the volume of a single goaf is small and the filling flow rate of the mine filling system is 100m3 / h, when filling a single small goaf, the slurry is filled within 3 hours, and the goaf is filled again after 1-2 days. However, the mine needs to fill continuously for 6 hours per shift. According to the traditional filling method, when filling another small goaf, the filling system needs to be shut down, and then the filling pipeline of another small goaf is switched. This filling method reduces the overall filling efficiency of the mine;

[0006] (2) When the mine filling system is shut down, the filling pipeline needs to be cleaned immediately. Since the filling pipeline is nearly 2,000 meters long, each flushing time is no less than 15 minutes. According to the traditional filling method, the filling pipeline needs to be flushed twice per shift, which will cause a large amount of pipe flushing water to be discharged into the small goaf. When the small goaf is full, the pipe flushing water overflows in large quantities, causing siltation in the tunnel and affecting the efficiency of on-site operations.

[0007] (3) The concentration of mine backfill tailings is between 60% and 68%, of which 40% to 32% is water. Under normal conditions, a single small goaf is filled with backfill slurry within 3 hours. Since the small goafs are connected in groups and the surrounding rock conditions of the roof are poor, personnel cannot enter the goaf to install backfill water filter pipes. Therefore, the water filterability of the small goaf is poor. In addition, a large amount of backfill pipe washing water is discharged, making it more difficult to fill the top. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a high-efficiency filling method for a small goaf group underground, so as to effectively solve the problems of low filling efficiency of the small goaf group and difficulty in discharging the washing water of the filling pipeline.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an efficient filling method for a group of small underground goafs, comprising the following steps: S1, constructing two filling holes in each small goaf, the two filling holes are arranged in an "eight" shape, one is used as a filling hole, and the other is used for exhaust and observation; S2, a main filling pipeline is set at the front end of the small goaf group, the main filling pipeline is connected to the branch pipeline, the high-pressure water inlet pipeline, the reverse branch drainage pipeline and the filling hose in sequence along the filling slurry direction, and special gate valves are set at various locations; the filling hoses are preset to at least 3; S3, each filling hose is connected to the filling hole of each small goaf, one of the filling hoses is connected to the main filling pipeline, and the remaining filling hoses are reserved; the branch pipeline is connected to the goaf of the large plate area (the volume exceeds 100,000 cubic meters), and the reverse branch drainage pipeline is introduced into the middle section of the tunnel ditch; S4, the corresponding gate valve is opened to supply the small goaf with water through the main filling pipeline and the filling hose Fill the empty area; S5, when a small goaf is filled, close the gate valve between the main filling pipeline and the filling hose, open the gate valve on the grouping pipeline, and fill the large goaf connected to the branch pipeline; at the same time, close the corresponding gate valve, open the reverse branch drainage pipe gate valve and the high-pressure water inlet pipe gate valve to clean the filling hose, the cleaning time is about 2 minutes, and the cleaning water is discharged into the middle tunnel ditch; after the cleaning is completed, switch the main filling pipeline to connect to another filling hose; S6, when the main filling pipeline is switched to another filling hose, close the gate valve on the branch pipeline, open the gate valve between the main filling pipeline and the filling hose, and fill the next small goaf; S7, repeat the filling operations of S5 and S6. When the filling shift is completed, flush the entire filling pipeline, close the corresponding valve, open the reverse branch drainage pipe, and discharge a large amount of filling and washing water into the middle drainage ditch.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, in S1, the bottoms of the two filling holes are distributed at the two ends of the goaf, and the distance between the openings of the two filling holes does not exceed 1 m.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of filling hoses are connected in parallel via a switching mechanism.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes S8, closing the corresponding gate valve, opening the gate valve on the high-pressure water pipe, and flushing the pipeline; after flushing, closing the gate valve between the main filling pipeline and the filling hose, and opening the gate valve on the reverse branch drainage pipe.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, step S5 also includes opening the gate valve on the high-pressure water pipe to perform local flushing; after the local flushing is completed, the gate valve on the high-pressure water pipe is closed, and then the main filling pipe is switched to be connected to another filling hose.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the switching mechanism includes a main conduction mechanism, a conversion mechanism and an automatic adjustment mechanism, and the automatic adjustment mechanism includes a sealed control chamber, a gas control tank, a guide slide, a trigger port, a dispersion port and a transmission channel. The gas control tank is installed on one side of the sealed control chamber, the guide slide is installed on the other side of the sealed control chamber, the trigger port is located at the junction of the guide slide, one end of the transmission channel is connected to the inside of a trigger port, the other end of the transmission channel is connected to the inside of the gas control tank, and the dispersion port is installed inside the transmission channel.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the main conduction mechanism includes a connecting main pipe, a compression blocking port, a sealing filling ring and a mosaic block, one end of the connecting main pipe is connected to the inside of the sealing control chamber, one end of the compression blocking port is connected to the inside of the guide slide pipe, the sealing filling ring is located at the junction of the compression blocking port and the sealing control chamber, and the mosaic block is installed at the other end of the compression blocking port.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the conversion mechanism includes a conversion connecting pipe, a reinforcement pipe, a reinforcement support plate and a partition support frame. The reinforcement support plate is installed on the outer wall of the conversion connecting pipe, the reinforcement pipe is located at the junction of the conversion connecting pipe and the reinforcement support plate, and the partition support frame is installed at both ends of the reinforcement support plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The two filling holes are arranged in an "eight" shape, which effectively solves the problem of blockage of the air outlet caused by the low height of the small void area, and can better achieve the goal of filling and connecting the top. The large goaf is connected through a branch pipe, and the goaf is used as a buffer goaf. The filling system does not need to be shut down, which saves the flushing time of the system filling and effectively improves the filling efficiency of the small goaf. The high-pressure water inlet pipe effectively reduces the cleaning range of the filling pipe, and the pipe washing time is shortened to about 2 minutes. The reverse branch drainage pipe effectively solves the problem of blockage of the gate valve by the filling tailings. On the other hand, the pipe washing water is discharged into the middle drainage ditch, which greatly reduces the pipe flushing water entering the small void area and effectively improves the top connection rate of the small void area.

[0019] 2. When it is necessary to replace the pipeline, the gas control tank will inject air into the sealed control chamber through the transmission channel. At this time, the air will enter a trigger port through the transmission channel, thereby pushing one of the compression blocking ports out from the inside of the guide slide tube. If another pipeline needs to be replaced, the compression blocking port will follow the guide slide tube into the inside of the sealed control chamber to block the connection again. This method changes the traditional way of switching pipelines and adopts a simpler blocking and unblocking method. It is more convenient to use and does not require manual operation. It can facilitate remote control by operators. In addition, the setting of the sealing filling ring and the chimeric block can improve the structural stability of the device during operation and prevent leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of an efficient filling method for a group of small goaf areas in a mine proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a switching mechanism for an efficient filling method for a group of small goaf areas in a mine proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the main conduction mechanism structure of a switching mechanism of a method for efficiently filling a small goaf group underground;

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the conversion mechanism structure of a switching mechanism for an efficient filling method of a small goaf group in a mine;

[0024] Figure 5 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an automatic adjustment mechanism of a switching mechanism for an efficient filling method for a group of small goaf areas underground.

[0025] Legend: 1. Main filling pipeline; 2. Gate valve; 7. Switching mechanism; 8. Branch pipeline; 9. Buffer goaf; 10. High-pressure water pipe; 11. Reverse branch drainage pipe; 12. Filling hose; 15. Small goaf; 16. Filling hole; 17. Middle drainage ditch

[0026] 71. Main transmission mechanism; 72. Conversion mechanism; 73. Automatic adjustment mechanism;

[0027] 711, connecting main pipe; 712, compression plugging port; 713, sealing filling ring; 714, fitting block;

[0028] 721, conversion connecting pipe; 722, reinforcement pipe; 723, reinforcement support plate; 724, separation support frame;

[0029] 731. Sealed control room; 732. Gas control tank; 733. Guide slide pipe; 734. Trigger port; 735. Dispersion port; 736. Transmission channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an efficient filling method for a small goaf group underground, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1, two filling holes 16 are constructed in each small goaf 15, and the two filling holes 16 are arranged in an "eight" shape;

[0034] S2, a main filling pipeline 1 is set at the front end of the small goaf 15 group, and the main filling pipeline 1 is connected to the branch pipeline 8, the high-pressure water pipe 10, the reverse branch drainage pipe 11 and the filling hose 12 in the filling slurry direction, and gate valves 2 are set at various locations; at least 3 filling hoses 12 are preset;

[0035] S3, connect each filling hose 12 to the filling hole 16 of each small goaf 15, one of the filling hoses 12 is connected to the main filling pipeline 1, and the other filling hoses 12 are reserved; connect the branch pipeline 8 to one of the small goaf 15, use the goaf as a buffer goaf 9, and connect the reverse branch drainage pipe 11 to one of the small goaf 15;

[0036] S4, open the corresponding gate valve, and fill the small goaf 15 through the main filling pipeline 1 and the filling hose 12;

[0037] S5, when a small goaf 15 is filled, the gate valve 2 between the main filling pipeline 1 and the filling hose 12 is closed, and the gate valve 2 on the branch pipeline 8 is opened to fill the small goaf 15 connected to the branch pipeline 8. At the same time, the main filling pipeline 1 is switched to be connected to another filling hose 12;

[0038] S6, after flushing is completed, close the high-pressure water pipe 10, switch the main filling pipe 1 to connect with another filling hose 12, close the gate valve 2 on the branch pipe 8, open the gate valve between the main filling pipe 1 and the filling hose 12, and fill the next small goaf 15;

[0039] S7, repeat the filling operations of S5 and S6. When the filling shift is completed, flush the entire filling pipeline, close the corresponding valves, open the reverse branch drainage pipe 11, and discharge a large amount of filling and washing water into the middle drainage ditch 17.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Step S7 includes S8, closing the corresponding gate valve 2, opening the gate valve 2 on the high-pressure water pipe 10, and flushing the pipeline; after flushing, closing the gate valve 2 between the main filling pipeline 1 and the filling hose 12, and opening the gate valve 2 on the reverse branch drainage pipe 11.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] S5 also includes opening the gate valve 2 on the high-pressure water pipe 10 for local flushing; after the local flushing is completed, closing the gate valve 2 on the high-pressure water pipe 10, and then switching the main filling pipeline 1 to another filling hose 12. When the small goaf 15 is full, opening the gate valve 2, closing the gate valve 3, and opening the gate valve 4 in sequence. The local filling pipe flushing time is 2-3 minutes, and then closing the gate valve 4, switching the main filling pipeline 1 and the filling hose 12, and finally opening the gate valve 3, closing the gate valve 2, filling another small goaf 15, and the reverse branch drainage pipe 11 is arranged in reverse, relying on the impact of the filling slurry to effectively solve the blockage of the gate valve 6 by the filling tailings. When the filling class is completed, the entire filling pipeline needs to be flushed. The general filling time is 15 minutes. After flushing for 3-4 minutes, open the gate valve 5, close the gate valve 6, and the pipe washing water is discharged into the middle drainage ditch 17.

[0044] Filling time / shift Filling volume m3 Filling efficiency m3 / shift Normal goaf filling 10 4800 480 Traditional filling method for small goaf groups 1 230 360 New filling method for small goaf groups 6 2820 470

[0045] Example 4

[0046] refer to Figure 2-5The present invention provides a technical solution, the switching mechanism 7 includes a main conduction mechanism 71, a conversion mechanism 72 and an automatic adjustment mechanism 73, the automatic adjustment mechanism 73 includes a sealed control chamber 731, a gas control tank body 732, a guide slide pipe 733, a trigger port 734, a dispersion port 735 and a transmission channel 736, the gas control tank body 732 is installed on one side of the sealed control chamber 731, the guide slide pipe 733 is installed on the other side of the sealed control chamber 731, the trigger port 734 is located at the intersection of the guide slide pipe 733, one end of the transmission channel 736 is connected to the inside of a trigger port 734, the other end of the transmission channel 736 is connected to the inside of the gas control tank body 732, the dispersion port 735 is installed in the inside of the transmission channel 736, the main conduction mechanism 71 includes a connecting main pipe 731, a gas control tank body 732, a guide slide pipe 733, a trigger port 734, a dispersion port 735 and a transmission channel 736. 11. Compression plugging port 712, sealing filling ring 713 and interlocking block 714. One end of the connecting main pipe 711 is connected to the inside of the sealing control chamber 731. One end of the compression plugging port 712 is connected to the inside of the guide slide pipe 733. The sealing filling ring 713 is located at the intersection of the compression plugging port 712 and the sealing control chamber 731. The interlocking block 714 is installed at the other end of the compression plugging port 712. The conversion mechanism 72 includes a conversion connecting pipe 721, a reinforcement pipe 722, a reinforcement support plate 723 and a partition support frame 724. The reinforcement support plate 723 is installed on the outer wall of the conversion connecting pipe 721. The reinforcement pipe 722 is located at the intersection of the conversion connecting pipe 721 and the reinforcement support plate 723. The partition support frame 724 is installed at both ends of the reinforcement support plate 723.

[0047] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: when in use, the material will enter the automatic adjustment mechanism 73 through the connecting main pipe 711, and then flow out from the conversion mechanism 72. Under normal circumstances, the compression blocking port 712 will block the connection between the sealed control chamber 731 and the other two pipes to prevent the movement of the material. When the pipe needs to be replaced, the gas control tank 732 will inject air into the sealed control chamber 731 through the transmission channel 736. At this time, the air will enter a trigger port 734 through the transmission channel 37, thereby pushing one of the compression blocking ports 712 out from the inside of the guide slide pipe 733. If it is necessary to replace the pipe, the gas control tank 732 will inject air into the sealed control chamber 731 through the transmission channel 736. At this time, the air will enter a trigger port 734 through the transmission channel 37, thereby pushing one of the compression blocking ports 712 out from the inside of the guide slide pipe 733. When changing to another pipeline, the compression blocking port 712 will follow the guide slide tube 733 into the interior of the sealed control chamber 731 to seal the connection again. At this time, the engaging block 714 will be connected to the sealing filling ring 713. While sealing, it can also prevent the compression blocking port 712 from moving back. At the same time, the dispersion port 735 will block the transmission channel 736 leading to one of the guide slide tubes 733 to prevent gas backflow, so that this device can only connect one pipeline at a time, and the reinforcement support plate 723 supports the entire conversion mechanism 72 through the reinforcement pipeline 722 set in the conversion connection pipeline 721.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient filling method for a small goaf group underground, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, constructing two filling holes (16) in each small goaf, wherein the filling holes (16) are arranged in an "eight" shape; S2, a main filling pipeline (1) is arranged at the front end of the small goaf group, the main filling pipeline (1) is connected to the branch pipeline (8), the high-pressure water inlet pipeline (10), the reverse branch drainage pipe (11) and the filling hose (12) in sequence along the filling slurry direction, and gate valves (2) are arranged at various locations, and at least three filling hoses (12) are preset; the filling hoses (12) are connected in parallel through a switching mechanism (7); the switching mechanism (7) includes a main conduction mechanism (71), a conversion mechanism (72) and an automatic adjustment mechanism (73); the automatic adjustment mechanism (73) includes a sealing control chamber (731), a gas control tank (732), a guide slide tube (733), a trigger port (734), a dispersion port (735) and a transmission channel (736), wherein the gas control tank (732) is installed on one side of the sealed control chamber (731), the guide slide tube (733) is installed on the other side of the sealed control chamber (731), the trigger port (734) is located at the intersection of the guide slide tube (733), one end of the transmission channel (736) is connected to the inside of a trigger port (734), the other end of the transmission channel (736) is connected to the inside of the gas control tank (732), and the dispersion port (735) is installed in the inside of the transmission channel (736); S3, connecting each filling hose (12) to the filling hole (16) of each small goaf (15), one of the filling hoses (12) is connected to the main filling pipe (1), and the remaining filling hoses (12) are reserved, connecting the branch pipe (8) to one of the small goaf (15), and connecting the reverse branch drainage pipe (11) to one of the small goaf (15); S4, opening the corresponding gate valve, and performing filling operation on the small goaf (15) through the main filling pipeline (1) and the filling hose (12); S5, when a small goaf (15) is filled, the gate valve (2) between the main filling pipeline (1) and the filling hose (12) is closed, and the gate valve (2) on the branch pipeline (8) is opened to fill the buffer goaf (9) connected to the branch pipeline (8). At the same time, the main filling pipeline (1) is switched to be connected to another filling hose (12); S6, when the main filling pipeline (1) is switched to another filling hose (12), the gate valve on the branch pipeline (8) is closed, and the gate valve between the main filling pipeline (1) and the filling hose (12) is opened to perform filling operation on the next small goaf (15); S7, repeat the filling operation of S5 and S6. When the filling shift is completed, flush the entire filling pipeline, close the corresponding valve, open the reverse branch drainage pipe (11), and discharge a large amount of filling and washing water into the middle drainage ditch (17).

2. The high-efficiency filling method for a group of small underground goafs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S1, the bottoms of the two filling holes (16) are distributed at the two ends of the goaf, and the distance between the openings of the filling holes (16) does not exceed 1 m.

3. The high-efficiency filling method for a group of small underground goafs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific steps of closing the corresponding valve and opening the reverse branch drainage pipe in step S7 are: Close the corresponding gate valve, open the gate valve (2) on the high-pressure water pipe (10), flush the pipeline, and after flushing, close the gate valve (2) between the main filling pipeline (1) and the filling hose (12), and open the gate valve (2) on the reverse branch drainage pipe (11).

4. The high-efficiency filling method for a group of small underground goafs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S5 comprises the following steps: The gate valve (2) on the high-pressure water pipe (10) is opened to perform local flushing. After the local flushing is completed, the gate valve (2) on the high-pressure water pipe (10) is closed, and then the main filling pipe (1) is switched to be connected to another filling hose (12).

5. The high-efficiency filling method for a group of small underground goafs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main conduction mechanism (71) comprises a connecting main pipe (711), a compression plugging port (712), a sealing filling ring (713) and a chimeric card block (714); one end of the connecting main pipe (711) is connected to the inside of a sealing control chamber (731); one end of the compression plugging port (712) is connected to the inside of a guide slide pipe (733); the sealing filling ring (713) is located at the junction of the compression plugging port (712) and the sealing control chamber (731); and the chimeric card block (714) is installed at the other end of the compression plugging port (712).

6. The method for efficiently filling a group of small underground goafs according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conversion mechanism (72) comprises a conversion communication pipe (721), a reinforcement pipe (722), a reinforcement support plate (723) and a separation support frame (724); the reinforcement support plate (723) is mounted on the outer wall of the conversion communication pipe (721); the reinforcement pipe (722) is located at the intersection of the conversion communication pipe (721) and the reinforcement support plate (723); and the separation support frame (724) is mounted at both ends of the reinforcement support plate (723).

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