A high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material and its production process

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of metallurgical technology, and specifically to a high-wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material and a production process thereof, comprising a base material and a high-wear-resistant coating; the raw materials for preparing the high-wear-resistant coating include the following components: rare earth oxides, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, TaSi2, WC, TiN, FeCrC, Ni, Mo, Co, Fe, Nb, Cr; the machine tool guide rail steel material prepared by the invention has high wear resistance and hardness, and the bonding performance between the base material and the high-wear-resistant coating is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material and a production process thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the transmission and positioning components on machine tools, machine tool guides can make the moving parts of machine tools move along the specified trajectory and support their gravity and the load they are subjected to. The most commonly used guide form on machine tools is the steel-inserted guide. The steel-inserted guide is a fixed component of the guide system. It can be installed horizontally on the machine bed or cast into one piece with the bed. Due to the harsh working environment of CNC machine tools, as a key component of CNC machine tools, the steel-inserted guide plate must have good hardness and wear resistance. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material and a production process thereof.

[0004] The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] A highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material, comprising a base material and a highly wear-resistant coating;

[0006] The raw materials for preparing the highly wear-resistant coating include the following components:

[0007] Rare earth oxides, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, TaSi2, WC, TiN, FeCrC, Ni, Mo, Co, Fe, Nb, Cr.

[0008] Furthermore, the raw materials for preparing the high wear-resistant coating include the following components in weight percentage:

[0009] Rare earth oxide 0.5-1%, hexagonal boron nitride 5-10%, molybdenum disulfide 2-5%, TaSi2 1-3%, WC 2-4%, TiN 1-1.5%, FeCrC 15-20%, Ni 12-16%, Mo 3-5%, Co 1-2%, Fe5-10%, Nb 0.1-0.5%, and the balance is Cr.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw materials for preparing the high wear-resistant coating include the following components in weight percentage:

[0011] Rare earth oxide 0.8%, hexagonal boron nitride 8%, molybdenum disulfide 4.5%, TaSi2 1.5%, WC 2%, TiN1.2%, FeCrC 18%, Ni 15%, Mo 3%, Co 1.5%, Fe 6%, Nb 0.2%, and the balance is Cr.

[0012] Furthermore, the rare earth oxide is La2O3 and / or CeO2.

[0013] Furthermore, the base material is 42CrMo alloy steel.

[0014] Furthermore, the high wear-resistant coating is prepared on the surface of the base material by laser cladding.

[0015] The present invention provides a production process of a highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material:

[0016] The laser cladding process using synchronous powder feeding method is used to prepare a high wear-resistant coating on the surface of the base material. The laser cladding process parameters are as follows:

[0017] The laser power is 2500-2800W, the scanning speed is 7-10mm / s, the powder feeding speed is 5-10g / min, and the spot diameter is 3-5mm.

[0018] Furthermore, argon gas is used to protect the molten pool during laser cladding, and the argon gas flow rate is 5-10L / min.

[0019] Furthermore, the surface of the substrate material is polished, cleaned and plasma treated. The parameters of the plasma treatment are as follows:

[0020] The processing power is 800-1000W, the processing environment is air, the plasma gun is 100-150mm away from the surface of the substrate material, and the processing rate is 3-5m / min.

[0021] Furthermore, an annealing treatment is performed at a temperature of 500-600° C. for 2-4 hours.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The invention provides a high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material, including a base material and a high wear-resistant coating. The Si and C elements are added in the form of an alloy, which can reduce the splashing of sparks during laser cladding. The physical phases of the high wear-resistant coating mainly include γ-Ni, α-Fe, Ni-Cr-Fe, (Fe, Ni), W3C, Co3W3C6, etc. The new hard phase generated by the decomposition of WC is evenly distributed in the high wear-resistant coating, which plays a good dispersion strengthening role. The undecomposed WC particles exist in the coating in the form of hard particles, which plays a role of particle strengthening. The addition of TaSi2 can reduce the wear caused by WC. The number of pores caused by decomposition is reduced, the crack source is reduced, the microstructure of the high wear-resistant coating is optimized, and its performance is improved. The addition of hexagonal boron nitride and molybdenum disulfide with higher thermal stability and good lubricity can reduce the surface roughness of the coating, and hexagonal boron nitride increases the nucleation probability of WC, transforms the needle-like structure into a fine granular structure, improves the wear resistance, and eliminates the stress concentration at the needle tip. At the same time, the boron element is beneficial to the deoxidation and exhaust of the molten pool, which helps to eliminate pores. The machine tool guide rail steel material prepared by the present invention has high wear resistance and hardness, and the bonding strength between the base material and the high wear-resistant coating is high, and no additional transition layer is required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is an interface SEM image of the high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an interface SEM image of the high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention, and the pores in the high wear-resistant coating are obvious;

[0026] A is 42CrMo alloy steel matrix material, and B is high wear-resistant coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, the experiments were carried out under conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially. The technologies not mentioned in the present invention are all referenced to the prior art.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] A highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material, comprising a 42CrMo alloy steel base material and a highly wear-resistant coating;

[0030] The raw materials for preparing the high wear-resistant coating include the following components in weight percentage:

[0031] La2O3 0.8%, hexagonal boron nitride 8%, molybdenum disulfide 4.5%, TaSi2 1.5%, WC 2%, TiN1.2%, FeCrC 18%, Ni 15%, Mo 3%, Co 1.5%, Fe 6%, Nb 0.2%, and the balance is Cr.

[0032] The production process of the above-mentioned high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material:

[0033] The surface of 42CrMo alloy steel was polished with sandpaper, and then ultrasonically cleaned in acetone for 10 minutes. After drying, it was treated with atmospheric pressure air plasma. The treatment environment was air, the treatment power was 900W, the plasma gun was 120mm away from the surface of the substrate material, and the treatment rate was 3m / min. Then, a high wear-resistant coating was prepared on the surface of the substrate material using a synchronous powder feeding laser cladding process. The laser cladding process parameters were as follows: laser power of 2800W, scanning speed of 10mm / s, powder feeding speed of 8g / min, spot diameter of 3mm, and argon gas was used for gas protection of the molten pool during laser cladding. The argon gas flow rate was 8L / min. Finally, the specimens obtained by laser cladding were annealed at a temperature of 550℃ and a time of 2h.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] A highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material, comprising a 42CrMo alloy steel base material and a highly wear-resistant coating;

[0036] The raw materials for preparing the high wear-resistant coating include the following components in weight percentage:

[0037] La2O3 0.8%, hexagonal boron nitride 8%, molybdenum disulfide 4.5%, TaSi2 1.5%, WC 2%, TiN1.2%, FeCrC 18%, Ni 15%, Mo 3%, Co 1.5%, Fe 6%, Nb 0.2%, and the balance is Cr.

[0038] The production process of the above-mentioned high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material:

[0039] The surface of 42CrMo alloy steel was polished with sandpaper, and then ultrasonically cleaned in acetone for 10 minutes. After drying, it was treated with atmospheric pressure air plasma. The treatment environment was air, the treatment power was 1000W, the plasma gun was 150mm away from the surface of the substrate material, and the treatment rate was 5m / min. Then, a high wear-resistant coating was prepared on the surface of the substrate material using a synchronous powder feeding laser cladding process. The laser cladding process parameters were as follows: laser power of 2800W, scanning speed of 10mm / s, powder feeding speed of 10g / min, spot diameter of 5mm, and argon gas was used for gas protection of the molten pool during laser cladding. The argon gas flow rate was 10L / min. Finally, the specimens obtained by laser cladding were annealed at a temperature of 600℃ and a time of 4h.

[0040] Embodiment 3:

[0041] A highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material, comprising a 42CrMo alloy steel base material and a highly wear-resistant coating;

[0042] The raw materials for preparing the high wear-resistant coating include the following components in weight percentage:

[0043] La2O3 0.8%, hexagonal boron nitride 8%, molybdenum disulfide 4.5%, TaSi2 1.5%, WC 2%, TiN1.2%, FeCrC 18%, Ni 15%, Mo 3%, Co 1.5%, Fe 6%, Nb 0.2%, and the balance is Cr.

[0044] The production process of the above-mentioned high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material:

[0045] The surface of 42CrMo alloy steel was polished with sandpaper, and then ultrasonically cleaned in acetone for 10 minutes. After drying, it was treated with atmospheric pressure air plasma. The treatment environment was air, the treatment power was 800W, the plasma gun was 100mm away from the surface of the substrate material, and the treatment rate was 3m / min. Then, a high wear-resistant coating was prepared on the surface of the substrate material using a synchronous powder feeding laser cladding process. The laser cladding process parameters were as follows: laser power of 2500W, scanning speed of 7mm / s, powder feeding speed of 5g / min, spot diameter of 3mm, and argon gas was used for gas protection of the molten pool during laser cladding. The argon gas flow rate was 5L / min. Finally, the specimens obtained by laser cladding were annealed at a temperature of 500-600℃ for 2h.

[0046] Embodiment 4:

[0047] A highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material, comprising a 42CrMo alloy steel base material and a highly wear-resistant coating;

[0048] The raw materials for preparing the high wear-resistant coating include the following components in weight percentage:

[0049] La2O3 0.8%, hexagonal boron nitride 8%, molybdenum disulfide 4.5%, TaSi2 1.5%, WC 2%, TiN1.2%, FeCrC 18%, Ni 15%, Mo 3%, Co 1.5%, Fe 6%, Nb 0.2%, and the balance is Cr.

[0050] The production process of the above-mentioned high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material:

[0051] The surface of 42CrMo alloy steel was polished with sandpaper, and then ultrasonically cleaned in acetone for 10 minutes. After drying, it was treated with atmospheric pressure air plasma. The treatment environment was air, the treatment power was 1000W, the plasma gun was 100mm away from the surface of the substrate material, and the treatment rate was 5m / min. Then, a high wear-resistant coating was prepared on the surface of the substrate material using a synchronous powder feeding laser cladding process. The laser cladding process parameters were as follows: laser power was 2500W, scanning speed was 10mm / s, powder feeding speed was 5g / min, spot diameter was 5mm, argon was used for gas protection of the molten pool during laser cladding, and the argon flow rate was 5L / min. Finally, the specimens obtained by laser cladding were annealed at a temperature of 600℃ and a time of 2h.

[0052] Embodiment 5:

[0053] A highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material, comprising a 42CrMo alloy steel base material and a highly wear-resistant coating;

[0054] The raw materials for preparing the high wear-resistant coating include the following components in weight percentage:

[0055] La2O3 0.8%, hexagonal boron nitride 8%, molybdenum disulfide 4.5%, TaSi2 1.5%, WC 2%, TiN1.2%, FeCrC 18%, Ni 15%, Mo 3%, Co 1.5%, Fe 6%, Nb 0.2%, and the balance is Cr.

[0056] The production process of the above-mentioned high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material:

[0057] The surface of 42CrMo alloy steel was polished with sandpaper, and then ultrasonically cleaned in acetone for 10 minutes. After drying, it was treated with atmospheric pressure air plasma. The treatment environment was air, the treatment power was 800W, the plasma gun was 150mm away from the surface of the substrate material, and the treatment rate was 3m / min. Then, a high wear-resistant coating was prepared on the surface of the substrate material using a synchronous powder feeding laser cladding process. The laser cladding process parameters were as follows: laser power of 2800W, scanning speed of 7mm / s, powder feeding speed of 10g / min, spot diameter of 3mm, and argon gas was used for gas protection of the molten pool during laser cladding. The argon gas flow rate was 10L / min. Finally, the specimens obtained by laser cladding were annealed at a temperature of 500℃ and a time of 4h.

[0058] Comparative Example 1:

[0059] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that TaSi2 is not added.

[0060] Comparative Example 2:

[0061] The method is substantially the same as Example 1, except that molybdenum disulfide is not added.

[0062] Comparative Example 3:

[0063] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that hexagonal boron nitride is not added.

[0064] Performance Test:

[0065] The high wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel materials prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the present invention were used as samples, and 42CrMo alloy steel was used as a blank control group sample;

[0066] The sample size is 15mm×15mm×9mm. The dry sliding friction and wear test is carried out at room temperature using an MPX-3G wear tester. The wear part is a 6mm diameter hard alloy YG6 tungsten carbide steel ball. The wear time is 40min and the rotation speed is 300r / min. The wear test is repeated 3 times for each sample to ensure the reliability of the experimental results, and the final wear results are determined by analysis and calculation.

[0067] The surface hardness of the sample was measured using a HVS-1000Z microhardness tester with a loading load of 500 g and a loading time of 10 s.

[0068] The bonding strength of the coating sample was measured on a WDW-100D electronic universal testing machine. When the high wear-resistant coating was peeled off from the substrate material, the pressure load F at this time was recorded. The bonding strength calculation formula is:

[0069] σ=F / A

[0070] σ is the bonding strength; F is the pressure load during peeling; A is the bonding area.

[0071] The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0072] Table 1:

[0073]

[0074] It can be seen from Table 1 above that the machine tool guide rail steel material prepared by the present invention has high wear resistance and hardness, and the bonding performance between the base material and the high wear-resistant coating is good.

[0075] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material, characterized in that: Including base material and high wear-resistant coating; The raw materials for preparing the high wear-resistant coating include the following components in weight percentage: Rare earth oxide 0.8%, hexagonal boron nitride 8%, molybdenum disulfide 4.5%, TaSi21.5%, WC 2%, TiN 1.2%, FeCrC18%, Ni 15%, Mo 3%, Co 1.5%, Fe 6%, Nb 0.2%, balance Cr; The rare earth oxide is La2O3 and / or CeO2; The matrix material is 42CrMo alloy steel; The production process of the highly wear-resistant machine tool guide rail steel material is as follows: The surface of the substrate material is polished, cleaned and plasma treated. The parameters of the plasma treatment are as follows: The processing power is 800-1000W, the processing environment is air, the plasma gun is 100-150mm away from the surface of the substrate material, and the processing rate is 3-5m / min; The laser cladding process using synchronous powder feeding method is used to prepare a high wear-resistant coating on the surface of the substrate. The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: The laser power is 2500-2800W, the scanning speed is 7-10mm / s, the powder feeding speed is 5-10g / min, and the spot diameter is 3-5mm; During laser cladding, argon gas is used to protect the molten pool, and the argon gas flow rate is 5-10L / min; Finally, an annealing treatment is performed at a temperature of 500-600°C and a time of 2-4 hours.

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