A crushing and screening device for monocrystalline silicon edge material

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crushing and screening device for monocrystalline silicon edge materials, comprising: a base plate, at least one group of percussion and crushing devices, a screening machine and a magnetic separator. A material drop opening is provided on the base plate. The percussion and crushing device is arranged above the base plate. Each group of percussion and crushing devices comprises a swing rod, an alloy hammer, a pin shaft and a transmission mechanism. The pin shaft is fixed relative to the base plate and its axis is parallel to the base plate. Two swing rods are relatively staggered and hinged on the pin shaft, thereby forming an "X"-shaped cross structure projected on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the pin shaft. The head end of each swing rod is fixedly connected to the alloy hammer. The transmission mechanism is installed in cooperation with the tail ends of the two swing rods, and the two swing rods are driven by a driving member to swing back and forth in an interlaced manner with the pin shaft as a rotating axis, so as to percuss and crush the monocrystalline silicon edge materials to be crushed under the two alloy hammers. The crushing and screening device can simulate the staggered high-speed percussion of the edge materials by manual hands, and effectively reduce the powder material and surface metal content generated by crushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of single crystal silicon processing, in particular to a crushing and screening device for single crystal silicon edge materials. Background Art

[0002] Single crystal silicon scraps are the pieces left after single crystal silicon rods (round rods) are cut into squares. The scraps can be put into a single crystal furnace to melt and pull crystals into single crystal silicon rods. Large scraps are difficult to put into the equipment and have an impact on the melting equipment, causing adverse effects. Therefore, single crystal silicon scraps generally need to be crushed before reuse. The powder produced by crushing has a high content of surface metals, which is difficult to clean and pollutes the silicon material.

[0003] There are currently three common crushing solutions for monocrystalline silicon edge materials:

[0004] (1) Manually using a hand hammer made of special materials to break the edge materials one by one, this process is labor-intensive and has low production efficiency.

[0005] (2) Using a cylinder as the power, the edge material is crushed through the cylinder mounting plate, die mounting plate, guide rod, punch plate, and crushing die. Although this method has significantly improved production efficiency compared to manual labor, the force generated by the cylinder is unstable, resulting in unsatisfactory crushing effect, and it is easy to produce a lot of powder material, which does not meet the requirements of the target product particle size. At the same time, there is a problem of high surface metal content.

[0006] (3) The monocrystalline silicon edge material is crushed by a jaw crusher. The jaw crusher is composed of two jaw plates, a movable jaw and a static jaw, forming a crushing chamber, and simulates the movement of the two jaws of an animal to complete the material crushing operation. Although the jaw crusher has excellent crushing performance, its inherent structure determines that it is easy to produce a large proportion of powder products (the material between the jaw plates is easily crushed multiple times), which is not the production requirement for silicon material crushing. In addition, the silicon material will have more contact and wear with the jaw structure during crushing, resulting in a higher content of surface metal in the crushed silicon material. There are still defects such as unsatisfactory crushing effect and difficulty in post-processing, which limits the overall processing efficiency of monocrystalline silicon edge material. Summary of the invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to address the technical problem in the prior art that when crushing and screening single crystal silicon edge materials, a large amount of powder material is easily produced, and the surface metal content of the crushed product is high, resulting in unsatisfactory crushing and screening effects. The present invention provides a crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge materials.

[0008] The invention discloses a crushing and screening device for monocrystalline silicon edge materials, comprising: a base plate, at least one group of knocking and crushing devices, a screening machine and a magnetic separator.

[0009] A blanking opening is provided on the base plate.

[0010] At least one group of percussion and crushing devices is provided, which is arranged above the substrate. Each group of percussion and crushing devices includes a swing rod, an alloy hammer, a pin shaft and a transmission mechanism. The pin shaft is fixedly arranged relative to the substrate, and the axis is parallel to the plane where the substrate is located. There are two swing rods, and the number of alloy hammers corresponds to the swing rods. The two swing rods are relatively staggered, and the two are hinged on the pin shaft together, so as to form an "X"-shaped cross structure projected on the plane perpendicular to the axis of the pin shaft. One end of each swing rod is the head end, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the corresponding alloy hammer. The transmission mechanism is installed in conjunction with the tail ends of the two swing rods, and the torque output by a driving member drives the two swing rods to swing back and forth in an interlaced manner with the pin shaft as the rotation axis, thereby percussing and crushing the single crystal silicon edge skin material to be crushed under the two alloy hammers.

[0011] The screening machine is arranged below the substrate and is used to screen the crushed silicon material falling from the drop opening of the substrate into at least three groups of silicon materials with different particle size ranges, wherein the silicon material in one group of particle size ranges is the target particle size silicon material.

[0012] The magnetic separator is used to reduce one or more metal components from the silicon material of the target particle size screened by the screening machine, thereby obtaining the target silicon material product.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, the driving member is a driving motor, which is fixedly installed relative to the base plate.

[0014] The transmission mechanism includes a crankshaft and a rocker. The crankshaft is rotatably connected to the base plate, and the rotation axis of the crankshaft is parallel to the axis of the pin shaft. The output shaft of the driving motor cooperates with the crankshaft for transmission. Two rockers are provided, and they correspond to the two rocker rods respectively. One end of the two rockers is hinged to the tail end of the two rocker rods respectively, and the other end is hinged to two eccentric mounting points of the crankshaft respectively, and the two eccentric mounting points are respectively at two relative extreme positions along the radial direction of the crankshaft.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above solution, the transmission mechanism further includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel located in the same plane. The driving wheel is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, the driven wheel is coaxially fixedly connected to the crankshaft, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected via a belt transmission.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above solution, the driving member is a driving motor, which is fixedly installed relative to the base plate.

[0017] The transmission mechanism includes a turntable and a guide wheel. Two turntables are provided, which are coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the driving motor and correspond to two swing rods respectively. Grooves in a cam structure are respectively provided on the opposite inner sides of the two turntables. A rotatable guide wheel is installed in the middle of each swing rod near the head end and the tail end. The axis of the guide wheel is parallel to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the guide wheel is located in the groove of the corresponding turntable. The radial projection of the grooves on the two turntables is axially symmetrical.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above solution, the crushing and screening equipment also includes: a processing cabinet.

[0019] The processing cabinet has a hollow structure inside, and a base plate is fixed to the inner wall of the processing cabinet, and the processing cabinet is divided into a crushing chamber located above the base plate and open on one side, and a screening chamber located below the base plate. A first strip opening is opened on the inner wall of the crushing chamber for the swing rod to pass through and avoid the swing rod from swinging.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above solution, the side of the processing cabinet facing away from the crushing chamber is also fixedly connected to an installation chamber, the knocking device is installed in the installation chamber, and the rocker arm extends from the installation chamber through the corresponding first strip opening into the crushing chamber.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above solution, the striking end of the alloy hammer is conical. The outer surface of the part of the swing rod in the crushing chamber is covered with a polyurethane layer.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above solution, a plurality of air suction ports are provided on the crushing chamber.

[0023] Among them, the crushing and screening equipment also includes: a negative pressure device.

[0024] The negative pressure device is installed on the processing cabinet, and the input end of the negative pressure device is connected with each air suction port.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above solution, multiple groups of knocking and breaking devices are provided, and the multiple groups of knocking and breaking devices are linearly arranged along the extension direction of the substrate.

[0026] Among them, the crushing and screening equipment also includes: electromagnetic feeder.

[0027] The electromagnetic feeder is installed on the upper surface of the substrate. The feeding direction of the electromagnetic feeder corresponds to the extension direction of the substrate, and the feeding end point is located on the drop opening of the substrate.

[0028] As a further improvement of the above solution, the screening machine includes at least three discharge ports, which are respectively used to discharge at least three groups of silicon materials with different particle size ranges. Among them, the discharge port of silicon materials with target particle size is located above the starting point of the conveyor belt of the magnetic separator.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The crushing and screening equipment of the present invention can effectively improve the efficiency of percussion crushing by arranging a percussion crushing device above the base plate that can simulate manual high-speed percussion of the edge materials with both hands. The contact between the alloy hammer that automatically swings during percussion and the edge materials is close to point contact, rather than the "surface contact" of the traditional jaw crusher and other bite structures. The edge materials are then crushed by the impact force at the moment of point contact. The crushed products then fall directly onto the base plate, and it is possible to determine whether there is "large material" based on manual experience and crush them again. In this way, the powder material generated by the crushing can be effectively reduced, the crystallinity of the silicon material can be improved, and the contact area between the alloy hammer and the silicon material is relatively small, which can effectively reduce the surface metal content of the crushed products under long-term operation.

[0031] 2. The electromagnetic feeder of the present invention can be arranged along the extension direction of the substrate, and multiple percussion and crushing devices can be added, so that there can be multiple crushing stations along the feeding direction of the feeder. In this way, after a single crushing, multiple operators on the production line can simultaneously select large pieces of crushed silicon materials that do not meet the crushing requirements along the feeding direction of the electromagnetic feeder for re-crushing, while improving the crushing efficiency and crushing effect, reducing the large materials that fall into the screening machine, the wall screening machine and the repeated work of subsequent crushing. In addition, after setting up multiple crushing stations, the feeding speed of the electromagnetic feeder and the conveyor belt set at the front end of the substrate can also be increased, which significantly improves the crushing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the medium crushing and screening equipment from another perspective;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the medium crushing and screening equipment from the back view;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle percussion crushing device mounted on the mounting frame, wherein the transmission mechanism adopts a crankshaft connecting rod structure;

[0037] Figure 6 For the general Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the middle percussion crushing device being replaced by an eccentric wheel transmission;

[0038] Figure 7 For the general Figure 5 The transmission mechanism of the middle percussion crushing device is replaced by a cam transmission structure diagram;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle impact crushing device from one perspective;

[0040] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the impact crushing device from another perspective;

[0041] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of a crushing and screening device in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the swing arm of the percussion crushing device in Example 3 of the present invention when one of the length adjustment structures is applied;

[0043] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A local enlarged view of point B in FIG.

[0044] Fig.13 for Fig.11 A partial enlarged view of the rocker described in the figure when another length adjustment structure is applied.

[0045] Main component symbols

[0046] 1. Base plate; 101. Dropping port; 2. Knocking and crushing device; 21. Rocker; 210. Polyurethane layer; 211. Mounting section; 212. Knocking section; 213. Waist hole; 214. Through hole; 215. Fastening bolt; 216. Arc splint; 22. Alloy hammer; 23. Pin; 24. Transmission mechanism; 241. Crankshaft; 242. Rocker; 2421. Fisheye rod end joint bearing; 243. Driving wheel; 244. Driven wheel; 2 45. turntable; 2451. groove; 246. guide wheel; 25. bottom plate; 251. baffle; 252. second strip opening; 26. mounting frame; 261. foot support; 3. driving member; 4. screening machine; 41. discharge port; 5. magnetic separator; 6. processing cabinet; 61. crushing chamber; 611. first strip opening; 612. air suction port; 62. screening chamber; 63. mounting chamber; 7. negative pressure device; 8. electromagnetic feeder; 9. collecting box.

[0047] The above description of the main component symbols is combined with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods to further illustrate the present invention in detail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "mounted on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "fixed to" another component, it may be directly fixed on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] See also Figures 1 to 3 , this embodiment provides a crushing and screening device for monocrystalline silicon edge materials, including: a substrate 1, a percussion crushing device 2, a screening machine 4 and a magnetic separator 5, and may also include a processing cabinet 6 and a negative pressure device 7. A drop opening 101 is provided on the substrate 1. In this embodiment, the outer shape of the substrate 1 may be roughly rectangular, with one end in the length direction being forward, and the monocrystalline silicon edge materials to be crushed are input from the front of the substrate 1. In some embodiments, a conveyor belt may also be arranged in the front direction of the substrate 1 to continuously input the monocrystalline silicon edge materials to be crushed onto the substrate 1 at a relatively slow rate.

[0053] In this embodiment, a group of knocking and breaking devices 2 are provided, which are arranged above the base plate 1 .

[0054] Please combine Figure 4 Each set of percussion crushing devices 2 includes a swing rod 21, an alloy hammer 22, a pin 23 and a transmission mechanism 24, and may also include a bottom plate 25 and a mounting frame 26. The pin 23 is fixedly arranged relative to the base plate 1, and the axis is parallel to the plane where the base plate 1 is located. Specifically, the pin 23 can be fixedly installed on the bottom plate 1.

[0055] Wherein, the bottom plate 25 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 26, and the mounting frame 26 is in a fixed state relative to the substrate 1. In some embodiments, the mounting frame 26 can be composed of a plurality of profiles assembled to form a hollow structure with a cube-shaped outer contour. Wherein, the four corners of the bottom plate 25 are respectively fixedly mounted on the four vertical profiles of the mounting frame 26. The four bottom corners of the mounting frame 26 can be installed with foot supports 261, so that the percussion and crushing device 2 can be used alone (detached from the main body of the equipment), and a collection box 9 for collecting broken silicon materials can be provided beside the percussion and crushing device 2 used alone, that is, below one side of the mounting frame 26 with the alloy hammer 22. The mounting frame 26 can also be assembled in the main body of the equipment, that is, on the processing cabinet 6, and the foot supports 261 can be removed, and the mounting frame 26 can be assembled in the installation chamber 63 of the processing cabinet 6 through the screw holes on the profile.

[0056] There are two pendulum rods 21, and the number of alloy hammers 22 corresponds to the number of pendulum rods 21. The two pendulum rods 21 are relatively staggered, and the two are hinged on the pin shaft 23, so as to form an "X"-shaped cross structure projected on the plane perpendicular to the axis of the pin shaft 23. One end of each pendulum rod 21 is the head end, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the corresponding alloy hammer 22. The transmission mechanism 24 is installed in conjunction with the tail ends of the two pendulum rods 21, and the torque output by a driving member 3 drives the two pendulum rods 21 to swing back and forth in an interlaced manner with the pin shaft 23 as the rotation axis, thereby knocking and crushing the single crystal silicon edge skin material to be crushed under the two alloy hammers 22.

[0057] Please combine Figures 5 to 9 In the present invention, the driving member 3 is a driving motor, which is fixedly installed relative to the base plate 1, and specifically, can be fixedly installed on the base plate 25 by bolts. The transmission mechanism 24 can have various forms, and it can also be arranged on the base plate 25. Common transmission structures such as crankshaft connecting rod structure, eccentric wheel connecting rod structure, and cam structure can all convert the torque output by the driving motor into the swing of the swing rod 21. In actual application, one of them can be selected for arrangement. The following will introduce several transmission mechanisms 24 provided in this embodiment respectively:

[0058] 1. The transmission mechanism 24 adopts a crankshaft connecting rod structure

[0059] like Figure 5As shown, the transmission mechanism 24 includes a crankshaft 241 and a rocker 242, and may also include a driving wheel 243 and a driven wheel 244 in the same plane. The crankshaft 241 is rotatably connected to the base plate 1, that is, it is rotatably mounted on the bottom plate 25, and the rotation axis of the crankshaft 241 is parallel to the axis of the pin 23, and the output shaft of the driving motor cooperates with the crankshaft 241 for transmission. There are two rockers 242, and they correspond to the two rocker rods 21 respectively. One end of the two rockers 242 is hinged to the tail end of the two rocker rods 21 respectively, and the other end is hinged to two eccentric mounting points of the crankshaft 241 respectively, and the two eccentric mounting points are respectively at two relative extreme positions along the radial direction of the crankshaft 241.

[0060] In this structure, the structure of the crankshaft 241 is similar to that of the crankshaft in the existing automobile engine, and it has two eccentric mounting points. In order to make the knocking frequency of the two alloy hammers 22 balanced, the two eccentric mounting points are set at the above two extreme positions. In addition, the driving wheel 243 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the driven wheel 244 is coaxially fixedly connected to the crankshaft 241. The driving wheel 243 and the driven wheel 244 are connected by a belt drive.

[0061] During actual operation, the crankshaft 241 rotates at a constant speed along with the output shaft of the driving motor, and at the same time, the two rocking arms 242 (similar to the piston rods in the above-mentioned automobile engine) produce regular movement and shaking, thereby driving the respective hinged swing rods 21 to produce uniform up and down swings, and at the same time, the swing directions of the two swing rods 21 remain opposite, that is, one up and one down. In this structure, since the motor is located directly below the two swing rods 21, a baffle 251 can also be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 25. The baffle 251 is in a semi-enclosed shape and is arranged above the driving motor, thereby protecting the driving motor.

[0062] 2. Transmission mechanism 24 adopts eccentric wheel connecting rod structure

[0063] like Figure 6 As shown, the structure and principle of the transmission mechanism 24 are similar to those of the crankshaft guide rod in the first transmission mode. The so-called eccentric wheel is actually an eccentric mounting point where the guide rod is installed on the rotating disk. Although its structure is different from that of the first transmission mode, it can be equivalent to a type of mechanical structure. Technical personnel in this field can choose to use it according to the layout when implementing it.

[0064] 3. The transmission mechanism 24 adopts a cam structure

[0065] like Figures 7 to 9As shown, the transmission mechanism 24 includes a rotating disk 245 and a guide wheel 246. There are two rotating disks 245, which are coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the driving motor and correspond to the two swing rods 21 respectively. Grooves 2451 in a cam structure are respectively provided on the opposite inner sides of the two rotating disks 245. A rotatable guide wheel 246 is installed in the middle of each swing rod 21 near the head end and the tail end. The axis of the guide wheel 246 is parallel to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the guide wheel 246 is located in the groove 2451 of the corresponding rotating disk 245. The radial projection of the grooves 2451 on the two rotating disks 245 is axially symmetrical.

[0066] When the two turntables 245 rotate synchronously, the two guide wheels 246 roll in their respective grooves 2451 and carry the rocker arm 21 to change its posture in the vertical plane. By designing the shape of the groove 2451 and planning the initial positions of the two guide wheels 246 in their respective grooves 2451, the "up and down" swinging effect that can be achieved by the above-mentioned crankshaft connecting rod structure can also be achieved. The specific principle will not be repeated here. In addition, a second strip opening 252 for avoiding the turntable 245 can also be opened on the bottom plate 25. There are two strip openings, corresponding to the two turntables 245 respectively. Among them, the lowest height of the two rocker arms 21 when swinging is not lower than the height of the axis centerline of the two turntables 245.

[0067] The above are the transmission mechanisms 24 of three transmission modes provided in this embodiment. Of course, when implementing the present invention, other transmission structures that can produce the same effect can also be designed according to mechanical design principles, as long as the two rocker arms 21 can perform reciprocating staggered swinging with the pin shaft 23 as the rotation axis.

[0068] The two swing rods 21 of the present invention can simulate the high-speed staggered knocking of the edge materials by two hands when performing relatively high-frequency reciprocating staggered swinging, but the knocking efficiency is significantly increased. In practical applications, it is only necessary to manually "hold" the edge materials of the single crystal silicon to be crushed and place them under the two alloy hammers 22, so that the two alloy hammers 22 can alternately knock the edge materials at high frequency. This is because the edge materials are irregular and random when they are knocked and broken, and the landing point and size of the broken products are unpredictable. In order to reduce costs, experienced workers are selected to observe the size of the broken products. If they are still "large materials" that do not meet the requirements, they can be picked up immediately and held under the alloy hammers 22 again for knocking and crushing again.

[0069] In this embodiment, the striking end of the alloy hammer 22 may be conical, so that whenever the alloy hammer 22 strikes the edge material, the contact between the two is close to "point contact" rather than "surface contact" of a conventional jaw crusher or other interlocking structure, thereby relying on the impact force at the moment of contact to knock and crush the edge material, and the crushed product then falls directly on the substrate 1, and it is judged whether there is "large material" based on manual experience and crushed again. In this way, the point contact crushing feature can effectively reduce the powder material generated by crushing, improve the crystallinity of the silicon material, and the small contact area between the alloy hammer 22 and the silicon material can effectively reduce the surface metal content of the crushed product under long-term operation.

[0070] It should be noted that when the swing arm 21 swings to the "lowest" posture, the axis of the conical alloy hammer 22 is exactly perpendicular to the horizontal plane where the substrate 1 is located. In this way, the impact force on the edge of the single crystal silicon can be just right, and it is not easy to cause harm to the operator, thereby improving the safety factor of the crushing operation. In addition, the outer surface of the "half" of the swing arm 21 near the head end can be coated with a polyurethane layer 210, which, as a durable elastomer, has a good protective effect.

[0071] The interior of the processing cabinet 6 is a cavity structure. The base plate 1 is fixed to the inner wall of the processing cabinet 1 and divides the processing cabinet 6 into a crushing chamber 61 located above the base plate 1 and open on one side, and a screening chamber 62 located below the base plate 1 .

[0072] Among them, a first strip-shaped opening 611 is provided on the inner wall of the crushing chamber 61 for the pendulum rod 21 to pass through and to avoid the swing of the pendulum rod 21. The side of the processing cabinet 6 that is open away from the crushing chamber 61 is also fixedly connected to the installation chamber 63, and the knocking device is installed in the installation chamber 63, and the pendulum rod 21 extends from the installation chamber 63 through the corresponding first strip-shaped opening 611 into the crushing chamber 61. The processing cabinet 6 can improve the integrity of the entire crushing and screening equipment and provide protection for the key devices and mechanisms therein. Among them, one side of the crushing chamber 61 is open to allow operators to participate in the crushing process. Most of the structure of the knocking and crushing device 2 is arranged in the relatively closed installation chamber 63 to prevent the crushing products from splashing onto the transmission mechanism 24 and the drive member 3, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the equipment.

[0073] In addition, a plurality of closely spaced air suction ports 612 may be provided on the crushing chamber 61, and these air suction ports 612 may be connected to the negative pressure device installed on the top of the processing cabinet 6. Specifically, the negative pressure device adopts a negative pressure fan, whose input end is connected to the air suction port 612, and whose output end may be connected to a screen box with a filtering function, so that the powdery "small materials" splashed during the crushing process are sucked in and discharged into the screen box for collection. This can not only keep the environment of the work site clean, but also reduce the workload of the subsequent screening machine 4.

[0074] The screening machine 4 is arranged below the substrate 1, i.e., the screening chamber 62, and is used to screen the crushed silicon material falling from the drop port 101 of the substrate 1 into at least three groups of silicon materials with different particle size ranges, one of which is a group of silicon materials with a particle size range of the target particle size silicon material. The target particle size silicon material is neither a "large material" that needs to be crushed again, nor a powdered "small material" that does not meet production requirements, but belongs to a relatively middle particle size range group, and the specific particle size range can be determined according to production requirements. One of the inventive points of the present invention is to reduce the proportion of powdered "small materials" before the screening process, and at the same time reduce the surface metal content in the crushed product.

[0075] In this embodiment, the screening machine 4 includes three discharge ports 41, which can discharge three groups of silicon materials with different particle size ranges, namely "large materials", silicon materials with target particle size and "small materials", wherein the discharge port 41 of silicon materials with target particle size is located above the starting point of the conveying end of the magnetic separator 5.

[0076] In some embodiments, multiple collecting boxes 9 may be provided near other discharge ports 41 to collect the remaining screened products.

[0077] The magnetic separator 5 is used to reduce one or more metal components from the silicon material of the target particle size screened by the screening machine 4, and then obtain the target silicon material product. In the present invention, although the silicon material is in point contact with the alloy hammer 22 during the crushing process, a relatively small amount of metal will still adhere to its surface, which is inevitable, and metal may also adhere during the screening process and the transmission process, so the magnetic separator 5 is needed to remove the metal on the surface of the silicon material of the target particle size by magnetic separation technology.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] See also Fig.10 This embodiment provides a crushing and screening device for monocrystalline silicon edge material, which differs from the crushing and screening device of embodiment 1 in that: three groups of knocking and crushing devices 2 are provided, and the three groups of knocking and crushing devices 2 are linearly arranged along the extension direction of the substrate 1. The crushing and screening device also includes: an electromagnetic feeder 8.

[0080] In other embodiments, the number of the percussion and crushing devices 2 can also be set to other reasonable numbers according to the needs of the production line. Of course, the more the number of the percussion and crushing devices 2 is, the longer the feeding process of the electromagnetic feeder 8 is.

[0081] The electromagnetic feeder 8 is installed on the upper surface of the substrate 1. The feeding direction of the electromagnetic feeder 8 corresponds to the extending direction of the substrate 1, and the end point of the feeding is located on the drop opening 101 of the substrate 1.

[0082] By setting up multiple groups of percussion crushing devices 2 and corresponding electromagnetic feeders 8, multiple operators on the production line simultaneously select large pieces of single crystal silicon edge skin materials (i.e., "large materials") for crushing along the feeding direction of the electromagnetic feeder 8, so that the crushing efficiency and crushing effect can be significantly improved, and the "large materials" falling into the screening machine 4 can be reduced, thereby reducing the "large materials" entering the screening machine 4, avoiding the repeated work of the screening machine 4 and the crushing. In addition, after setting up multiple crushing stations, the feeding speed of the electromagnetic feeder 8 and the conveyor belt set at the front end of the substrate 1 can also be increased, significantly improving the crushing efficiency.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] This embodiment provides a device for percussion and crushing single crystal silicon edge material, which has the advantage of being easy to debug compared to the percussion and crushing device 2 in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.

[0085] The knocking and crushing device 2 includes a bottom plate 25 , a rocker arm 21 and a transmission mechanism 24 .

[0086] See also Fig.11 The pendulum 21 includes a mounting section 211 and a striking section 212. One end of the striking section 212 is fixedly connected to a matching alloy hammer 22, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting section 211. The mounting section 211 is hinged on the bottom plate 25. The transmission mechanism 24 is installed in cooperation with the end of the mounting section 211 away from the striking section 212, and the torque output by a driving member 3 causes the pendulum 21 to reciprocate with its hinged portion as the rotation axis. The striking section 212 and the mounting section 211 are detachably fixedly connected, and the length of the pendulum 21 formed by the two is adjustable.

[0087] The length of the swing rod 21 of the present invention is adjustable, and in this embodiment, it can be achieved in the following two ways.

[0088] See also Fig.12 The first way is: the mounting section 211 may be provided with a waist-shaped hole 213, and the extension length of the waist-shaped hole 213 is parallel to the length direction of the swing rod 21. The striking section 212 may be provided with three through holes 214, which are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the swing rod 21. The mounting section 211 and the striking section 212 are fixedly connected by three fastening bolts 215, and the threaded ends of the fastening bolts 215 are sequentially extended into the through holes 214 and the waist-shaped hole 213, and then fixed with the corresponding fastening nuts.

[0089] In this manner, the mounting section 211 and the striking section 212 are matched by the clamping force between the fastening bolts 215 and the corresponding fastening nuts, and when the fastening bolts 215 are loosened, the threaded end of each fastening bolt 215 can slide in the waist-shaped hole 213, thereby causing the mounting section 211 and the striking section 212 to be relatively displaced along the extension direction of the waist-shaped hole 213, thereby adjusting the length of the rocker arm 21 as a whole.

[0090] See also Fig.13 The second mode is: at least two arc-shaped clamping plates 216 are fixedly connected to the mounting section 211, and the two arc-shaped clamping plates 216 are distributed along the length direction of the swing rod 21. A clamping area is formed between each arc-shaped clamping plate 216 and the mounting section 211. The striking section 212 is cylindrical, and its end away from the alloy hammer 22 is located in at least two clamping areas in turn and is in close contact with the arc-shaped clamping plates 216.

[0091] The arc-shaped clamping plate 216 is fixedly connected to the mounting section 211 by bolts, and an anti-skid pad is provided on the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped clamping plate 216, so as to increase the friction between the arc-shaped clamping plate 216 and the striking section 212, and increase the gripping force of the mounting section 211 on the striking section 212.

[0092] Both of the above methods can adjust the length of the swing rod 21. In this way, when the knocking and crushing device 2 is integrated and installed on the crushing and screening equipment for the single crystal silicon edge material in Example 1, by adjusting the length of the swing rod 21, the length of the swing rod extending into the crushing chamber 61 is adjusted, so that the knocking and crushing station can be adjusted to a suitable position, which is convenient for use in the knocking and crushing process.

[0093] The driving mechanism 24 in this embodiment can adopt any one of the three transmission structures described in Example 1. Among them, when the crankshaft connecting rod structure and the eccentric wheel connecting rod structure are adopted, both ends of the rocker 242 can be threadedly connected with the fisheye rod end joint bearing 2421, and the two ends of the rocker 242 are respectively rotatably connected with the swing rod 21 and the eccentric mounting point of the crankshaft 241 through the fisheye rod end joint bearing 2421. In this way, the overall length of the rocker 242 can be achieved by adjusting the degree of matching between the fisheye rod end joint bearing 2421 and the end of the rocker 242, so that the swing amplitude of the rocker 21 can be adjusted, and in the early debugging stage, the rocker 21 can be in a parallel state with the substrate 1 when it is in the lowest posture, so that the axis of the alloy hammer 22 can be perpendicular to the substrate 1 when it is smashed down, so as to ensure the impact force of the alloy hammer 22 on the edge skin of the single crystal silicon to be crushed.

[0094] In addition, the outer surface of one end of the striking section 212 close to the alloy hammer 22 is coated with a polyurethane layer 210. When the striking section 212 and / or the alloy hammer 22 and / or the polyurethane layer 210 need to be replaced or maintained, the striking section 212 and its alloy hammer 22 and the polyurethane layer 210 can be removed through the detachable fixed connection between the striking section 212 and the mounting section 211 as described above.

[0095] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0096] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A crushing and screening device for single crystal silicon edge material, characterized in that: include: A base plate (1) having a material drop opening (101) formed thereon; At least one set of knocking and crushing devices (2) is arranged above the base plate (1); each set of knocking and crushing devices (2) comprises a swing rod (21), an alloy hammer (22), a pin shaft (23) and a transmission mechanism (24); the pin shaft (23) is fixedly arranged relative to the base plate (1), and its axis is parallel to the plane where the base plate (1) is located; there are two swing rods (21), and the number of the alloy hammers (22) corresponds to the number of the swing rods (21); the two swing rods (21) are arranged staggered relative to each other, and the two are hinged on the pin shaft (23) together, so as to form an "X"-shaped cross structure projected on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the pin shaft (23); One end of each swing rod (21) is the head end, and the bottom of each swing rod (21) is fixedly connected to the corresponding alloy hammer (22); the transmission mechanism (24) is mounted in cooperation with the tail ends of the two swing rods (21), and the torque output by a driving member (3) drives the two swing rods (21) to swing back and forth in an interlaced manner with the pin shaft (23) as the rotation axis, thereby performing point contact interlaced knocking and crushing on the single crystal silicon edge material to be crushed under the two alloy hammers (22), and the knocking end of the alloy hammer (22) is conical; when the swing rod (21) swings to the lowest posture, the axis of the alloy hammer (22) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane where the substrate (1) is located; A screening machine (4) is arranged below the substrate (1) and is used to screen the crushed silicon material falling from the material drop opening (101) of the substrate (1) into at least three groups of silicon materials with different particle size ranges, wherein the silicon materials in one group of particle size ranges are silicon materials with target particle size; and The magnetic separator (5) is used to reduce one or more metal components from the silicon material of the target particle size screened by the screening machine (4), thereby obtaining a target silicon material product.

2. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (3) is a driving motor, which is fixedly mounted relative to the base plate (1); The transmission mechanism (24) comprises a crankshaft (241) and a rocker (242); the crankshaft (241) is rotatably connected to the base plate (1), and the rotation axis of the crankshaft (241) is parallel to the axis of the pin shaft (23), and the output shaft of the drive motor cooperates with the crankshaft (241) for transmission; two rockers (242) are provided, and respectively correspond to the two rocker rods (21); one end of the two rocker rods (242) is respectively hinged to the tail ends of the two rocker rods (21), and the other ends are respectively hinged to two eccentric mounting points of the crankshaft (241), and the two eccentric mounting points are respectively located at two opposite extreme positions along the radial direction of the crankshaft (241).

3. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (24) further comprises a driving wheel (243) and a driven wheel (244) located in the same plane; the driving wheel (243) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, the driven wheel (244) is coaxially fixedly connected to the crankshaft (241), and the driving wheel (243) and the driven wheel (244) are connected via a belt drive.

4. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (3) is a driving motor, which is fixedly mounted relative to the base plate (1); The transmission mechanism (24) comprises a rotating disk (245) and a guide wheel (246); two rotating disks (245) are provided, the two rotating disks (245) are coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the driving motor, and respectively correspond to the two swing rods (21); grooves (2451) in a cam structure are respectively provided on the opposite inner sides of the two rotating disks (245); a rotatable guide wheel (246) is installed in the middle of the head end and the tail end of each swing rod (21), the axis of the guide wheel (246) is parallel to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the guide wheel (246) is located in the groove (2451) of the corresponding rotating disk (245); wherein the radial projections of the grooves (2451) on the two rotating disks (245) are axially symmetrical.

5. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing and screening equipment also includes: A processing cabinet (6) has a hollow structure inside, and a base plate (1) is fixed to the inner wall of the processing cabinet (6), and the processing cabinet (6) is divided into a crushing chamber (61) located above the base plate (1) and open on one side, and a screening chamber (62) located below the base plate (1); a first strip-shaped opening (611) is provided on the inner wall of the crushing chamber (61) for the swing rod (21) to pass through and to avoid the swing rod (21) from swinging.

6. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The processing cabinet (6) is also fixedly connected to a mounting chamber (63) on the side facing away from the crushing chamber (61) and open thereto. The knocking and crushing device is mounted in the mounting chamber (63), and the swing rod (21) extends from the mounting chamber (63) through a corresponding first strip-shaped opening (611) into the crushing chamber (61).

7. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The striking end of the alloy hammer (22) is conical; the outer surface of the part of the swing rod (21) located inside the crushing chamber (61) is coated with a polyurethane layer (210).

8. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crushing chamber (61) is provided with a plurality of air suction ports (612); Wherein, the crushing and screening equipment also includes: A negative pressure device (7) is installed on the processing cabinet (6), and an input end of the negative pressure device (7) is connected to each of the air suction ports (612).

9. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knocking and crushing devices (2) are provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of knocking and crushing devices (2) are linearly arranged along the extension direction of the substrate (1); Wherein, the crushing and screening equipment also includes: An electromagnetic feeder (8) is mounted on the upper surface of the substrate (1); the feeding direction of the electromagnetic feeder (8) corresponds to the extension direction of the substrate (1), and the feeding end point is located on the drop opening (101) of the substrate (1).

10. The crushing and screening equipment for single crystal silicon edge material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening machine (4) comprises at least three discharge ports (41) respectively used to discharge the at least three groups of silicon materials with different particle size ranges; wherein the discharge port (41) for silicon materials with target particle size is located above the starting point of the conveyor belt of the magnetic separator (5).

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