A test system for fuel cell air subsystem development

Abstract

The present invention seeks to protect a test system for the development of a fuel cell air subsystem, which includes an air intake module, an auxiliary cooling module, a gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module, a humidification module, and a temperature and humidity simulation module, wherein the air intake module is used for air to enter the air subsystem; the auxiliary cooling module is used to cool the air subsystem; the gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module is used to simulate the gas consumption of cathode oxygen and the flow resistance of the cathode of the fuel cell stack; the humidification module is used to humidify and exchange heat for compressed air; the temperature and humidity simulation module is used to simultaneously control the temperature and humidity of the air coming out of the humidification module to the target air outlet temperature and humidity, thereby completing the simulation of heating and humidification of the gas inside the fuel cell stack; the air then passes through the insulation of the heating belt and enters the back-pressure tail exhaust part of the air subsystem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a test system applied to the development of an air subsystem of a fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells have many advantages such as high efficiency, cleanliness, silence, high thermal energy utilization, fast response, reliability and stability, and are one of the important directions for the development of the energy field in the future. During the operation of fuel cells, the humidity of the proton exchange membrane, the operating temperature of the stack, the air intake flow rate, and the cathode gas pressure are all important factors affecting the performance and stability of the fuel cell. Excessive air intake humidity will cause condensation of water vapor in the gas path, block the gas path, and cause flooding in severe cases; too low humidity will weaken the ion conductivity of the electrolyte and affect the performance output of the fuel cell. Excessive air intake temperature may cause corrosion of metal parts in the stack, and too low temperature will affect the ion conductivity of the proton exchange membrane and the electrolyte, making the fuel cell performance worse. Excessive intake flow rate will cause the parasitic power of the air compressor to be too high, affecting the net power output of the fuel cell system; too low flow rate will cause hypoxia in the cathode, slow down the chemical reaction rate, and affect the performance output of the fuel cell. Excessive intake pressure may cause the destruction of the proton exchange membrane and affect the stability of the stack; too low intake pressure affects the performance output of the stack. The fuel cell air subsystem is mainly composed of an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier, a back pressure valve, and a water separator. The air compressor, intercooler, humidifier, and back pressure valve are the control actuators for the intake flow, intake temperature, intake humidity, and cathode gas pressure, respectively. Therefore, the integration, matching, and control development of the fuel cell air subsystem is one of the most important steps in the development of the fuel cell system. At present, many hydrogen energy manufacturers on the market directly integrate and develop fuel cell systems, but there is a large coupling relationship between the hydrogen subsystem, air subsystem, and cooling subsystem of the fuel cell. It is necessary to perform performance testing and control debugging of each subsystem before system integration, which can not only remove the coupling between subsystems and reduce the difficulty of development, but also carry out parallel development, shorten the development time, and improve work efficiency. At present, there are few test systems on the market that are developed for the integration and matching of fuel cell air subsystems. Most of them are test equipment for key components, such as test equipment for air compressors, humidifiers, and back pressure valves, which cannot accurately verify the collaborative working characteristics of the components of each air subsystem. Among the existing invention patents related to the fuel cell air subsystem test bench: CN 113036180 A and CN 106848352 A only mention the use of the stack simulator and do not design the internal structure of the stack cathode simulation device; CN 206116522U only simulates the gas temperature and oxygen consumption in the cathode of the fuel cell stack, and the simulation of the mass transfer, heat transfer and electrochemical reaction inside the cathode of the fuel cell stack is not complete. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the above problems of the prior art. A test system for the development of fuel cell air subsystem is proposed. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0004] A test system for the development of a fuel cell air subsystem, comprising an air intake module, an auxiliary cooling module, a gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module, a humidification module, and a temperature and humidity simulation module, wherein the air intake module is arranged before the air compressor of the air subsystem, and the air is filtered by an air filter and then enters the air subsystem through a flow sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor;

[0005] Auxiliary cooling module: used to cool the air subsystem;

[0006] Gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module: used to calculate the gas consumption of cathode oxygen according to the load current of the current working condition and the number of cells in the stack, control the corresponding flow of air discharge through the bypass flow controller and the bypass air flow meter to simulate the consumption of cathode oxygen; and adjust the opening of the electromagnetic proportional valve according to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet pressure sensors of the stack cathode simulator to simulate the flow resistance of the cathode of the fuel cell stack;

[0007] Humidification module: used to humidify and exchange heat for compressed air;

[0008] Temperature and humidity simulation module: used to control the temperature and humidity of the air coming out of the humidification module to the target air outlet temperature and humidity at the same time, completing the simulation of heating and humidification of the gas inside the fuel cell stack; the air then passes through the insulation of the heating belt and enters the back pressure tail exhaust part of the air subsystem.

[0009] Furthermore, the air intake module includes: an air filter, an air flow meter, a manual valve ①, a temperature sensor ①, and a pressure sensor ①, wherein the air filter is used to: separate liquid water and liquid oil droplets in the air, and filter out dust and solid impurities in the air; the air flow meter: is used to monitor the air intake flow entering the air subsystem; is used to control the working state of the air compressor inside the air subsystem; the manual valve ①: is used to adjust the air pressure before entering the air compressor; the temperature sensor ①: is used to monitor the air temperature before entering the air compressor; the pressure sensor ①: is used to monitor the air pressure before entering the air compressor.

[0010] Furthermore, the auxiliary cooling module includes a hand valve ②, a hand valve ③, a temperature sensor ②, a pressure sensor ②, a drain valve ①, a water supply valve ①, a water tank, a liquid level sensor, a water supply valve ②, a water pump ①, a heater ①, a heat exchanger ①, a filter, a proportional valve ①, a hand valve ③, a temperature sensor ③, and a pressure sensor ③, wherein the hand valve ② and the hand valve ③ are used to switch the coolant in the auxiliary cooling module circuit on and off; the temperature sensor ② is used to measure the coolant temperature flowing out of the high-temperature components of the air subsystem, transmit it to the controller, and control the coolant flow rate according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference; the pressure sensor ② is used to measure the coolant pressure flowing out of the high-temperature components of the air subsystem; the drain valve ① is used to discharge the coolant circulating in the auxiliary cooling module; the water supply valve ① is used to replenish the coolant in the water tank, and the amount of water replenishment is determined according to the liquid level information in the water tank; the water tank is used to replenish and exhaust the coolant circulation system in the auxiliary cooling module; the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the liquid level in the water tank and reflect the liquid level information Feed to the controller. The controller opens the drain valve ① in time according to the liquid level information when the liquid level is low to realize the automatic water replenishment function; water replenishment valve ②: replenishes the coolant in the circulation pipeline of the auxiliary cooling module; water pump ①: drives the coolant in the auxiliary cooling module and controls its flow; heater ①: heats the coolant in the auxiliary cooling module by controlling the electric power of the electric heater to control the increase of the coolant temperature; heat exchanger ①: used for heat exchange between the coolant circulating in the auxiliary cooling module and the coolant in the cooling water circulation system of the external circulation; filter: used to filter impurities in the external circulation water to prevent clogging of the heat exchanger and reduce the heat exchange efficiency; proportional valve ①: used to control the flow of the external circulation water, and then control the cooling capacity to realize the function of controlling the temperature of the internal circulation water; temperature sensor ③: measures the coolant temperature entering the high-temperature components of the air subsystem, transmits it to the controller, and controls the coolant flow according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference; pressure sensor ③: used to measure the coolant pressure entering the high-temperature components of the air subsystem.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module includes a temperature sensor ④, a pressure sensor ④, a humidity sensor ④, a bypass flow controller, a bypass air flow meter, a proportional valve ②, and a check valve; wherein, the temperature sensor ④ is used to measure the air temperature at the inlet of the cathode simulator of the fuel cell stack, and is used to control the working state of the intercooler inside the air subsystem; the pressure sensor ④ is used to measure the air pressure at the inlet of the cathode simulator of the fuel cell stack, and is used to adjust the flow resistance of the cathode simulator of the fuel cell stack, and is also used to control the working state of the back pressure valve inside the air subsystem; the humidity ... Humidity; used to control the working state of the humidifier inside the air subsystem; Bypass flow controller: used to control the flow resistance of the bypass passage to achieve the purpose of controlling the bypass flow, discharge the air consistent with the current working condition oxygen consumption, and simulate the gas flow at the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack; Bypass air flow meter: used to monitor the air flow discharged from the bypass passage and feed it back to the bypass flow controller to facilitate its adjustment of the valve opening; Proportional valve ②: By adjusting the opening of proportional valve ②, the gas flow resistance in the cathode of the fuel cell stack is simulated; Check valve: used to prevent the gas pressure at the front end of the humidification water tank from dropping suddenly when the air compressor in the air subsystem is suddenly unloaded or shut down.

[0012] Furthermore, the humidification module includes a humidification water tank, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor ⑦, a water supply valve ③, a drain valve ②, a water pump ②, a heater ③, a temperature sensor ⑧, a heat exchanger ②, a proportional valve ③ and a temperature sensor ⑨; wherein, the humidification water tank: a place for heat exchange and humidification between the air entering the humidification module and the circulating water of the humidification module; the liquid level sensor: used to monitor the liquid level information in the humidification water tank. During operation, the liquid level of the humidification water tank cannot be lower than the second liquid level sensor. When the liquid level of the humidification water tank is low, open the water supply valve ③ to replenish the circulating water; the temperature sensor ⑦: used to monitor the temperature of the circulating water coming out of the humidification water tank, which can be roughly regarded as the temperature of the circulating water in the humidification water tank; the temperature can be used to control the power of the heater and the flow rate of the external circulating water; the water supply valve ③: when the cathode simulator of the battery stack is working, the air entering the humidification water tank It will take away part of the circulating water in the humidification water tank. When the liquid level in the humidification water tank is low, the controller automatically opens the water replenishment valve ③ to replenish the circulating water; Drain valve ②: used to discharge the circulating water of the humidification module to facilitate the movement and maintenance of the equipment; Water pump ②: drives the circulating water of the humidification module to flow; Heater ③: by controlling the electric power of the electric heater, the circulating water in the humidification module is heated to control the temperature of the circulating water; Temperature sensor ⑧: monitors the circulating water temperature at the outlet of heater ③; Heat exchanger ②: used for heat exchange between the circulating water in the humidification module and the coolant in the cooling water circulation system; Proportional valve ③: used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the cooling water circulation system to achieve the purpose of controlling the heat dissipation, and further control the temperature of the circulating water in the humidification module; Temperature sensor ⑨: monitors the circulating water temperature of the humidification module after the circulating water passes through the heater and the heat exchanger to control the temperature.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity simulation module includes a temperature sensor ⑤, a heater ②, a heating belt, a temperature sensor ⑥, a pressure sensor ⑥, and a humidity sensor ⑥; wherein, the temperature sensor ⑤ is used to monitor the dew point temperature of the air coming out of the humidification module; the heater ② heats the humid air coming out of the humidification module, and controls the air temperature to be the actual working air outlet temperature of the stack; the heating belt is used to insulate the gas pipeline; the temperature sensor ⑥ is used to measure the air temperature at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator, and to control the working state of the heater ② of the temperature and humidity simulation module; the pressure sensor ⑥ is used to measure the air pressure at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator, adjust the flow resistance of the stack cathode simulator, and can also be used to control the working state of the back pressure valve inside the air subsystem; the humidity sensor ⑥ is used to measure the air humidity at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator; and is used to control the dew point temperature of the humidification module and the circulating water temperature.

[0014] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The present invention designs a test device for a fuel cell air subsystem, in which the principle and structure of the stack cathode simulator are described in detail. Compared with the cathode simulators designed in the currently disclosed related inventions, the stack cathode simulator of the present invention can completely simulate the physical and chemical properties of the fuel cell stack such as cathode gas consumption, internal flow resistance of the stack, heat generation of the stack, and generation of cathode water during operation, and can more accurately simulate the flow, pressure, temperature, and humidity of air at the cathode of the fuel cell. The stack cathode simulator is used in the integration, calibration, and control program development of the fuel cell air subsystem to avoid the direct use of the fuel cell stack, and has the following advantages:

[0016] ① The air subsystem can be developed simultaneously during the development of the fuel cell stack, shortening the R&D cycle and improving R&D efficiency.

[0017] ② It can be used to replace fuel cell stacks, avoiding the use of hydrogen, avoiding the application for hydrogen-related laboratory qualifications, and improving laboratory safety.

[0018] ③ The fuel cell stack is relatively fragile. Directly using the fuel cell stack to develop the air subsystem can easily lead to irreversible degradation of the stack's performance. Therefore, the air subsystem testing device of the present invention can reduce the development cost of the fuel cell air subsystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the air subsystem test device provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the air intake module;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary cooling module;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the humidification module structure;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature and humidity simulation module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0027] A test system used in the development of fuel cell air subsystems can complete the development and testing of a single subsystem of the fuel cell air subsystem, and test the ability of the air subsystem components to work together after matching and integration. It can also complete the testing of important components such as air compressors, intercoolers, humidifiers, and back pressure valves, greatly reducing the testing cost. Through an in-depth study of the working mechanism of fuel cells, the present invention has invented a fuel cell cathode simulation device that can accurately simulate the mass transfer, heat transfer, and electrochemical reactions in the fuel cell cathode, thereby improving the accuracy of the integrated control development of the fuel cell air subsystem. Figure 1As shown, the present invention mainly includes the following devices: ① Air intake module: arranged before the air compressor of the air subsystem, the air is filtered by the air filter, and then enters the air subsystem through the flow sensor, temperature sensor, and pressure sensor. ② Auxiliary cooling module: The air compressor, air compressor controller, and intercooler in the air subsystem will generate more heat when operating under certain working conditions, and the cooling module is required to cool it down. The cooling water in the auxiliary cooling module is deionized water added to the water tank from the outside. The cooling water is driven by a water pump to circulate it. The flow rate of the cooling water can be controlled by the water pump. The rear end of the water pump is a heater and a heat exchanger, which can control the temperature of the cooling water and enter the air subsystem after passing through various sensors. The stack cathode simulator consists of a gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module, a humidification module, and a temperature and humidity simulation module. ③ Gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module: The gas consumption of cathode oxygen can be calculated according to the load current of the current working condition and the number of single cells in the stack. The corresponding flow of air can be controlled to be discharged through the bypass flow controller and the bypass air flow meter to simulate the consumption of cathode oxygen. According to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet pressure sensors of the stack cathode simulator, the opening of the electromagnetic proportional valve ② is adjusted to simulate the flow resistance of the cathode of the fuel cell stack. ④ Humidification module: The compressed air is passed into the humidification water tank from the bottom of the humidification water tank. The air and the water in the humidification water tank are fully heat exchanged and humidified before flowing out from the top of the humidification water tank. The circulating water in the humidification water tank is driven by the water pump ② to circulate. The circulating water is drawn from the bottom of the water tank, and then returns to the humidification water tank from the middle of the water tank after passing through the temperature control system, so that the air in the water tank is completely humidified and heat exchanged. The temperature of the circulating water is controlled by the heater ③ and the heat exchanger ②. ⑤ Temperature and humidity simulation module: The air coming out of the humidification module is completely humidified, and the gas temperature is controlled at the dew point temperature. After the air passes through the heater ②, the air can be heated, and the air temperature and humidity can be controlled to the target air outlet temperature and humidity at the same time, completing the simulation of heating and humidification of the gas inside the fuel cell stack. After the air passes through the heat preservation of the heating belt, it enters the back pressure tail exhaust part of the air subsystem.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the main components of the air intake module are as follows: air filter, air flow meter, hand valve ①, temperature sensor ①, pressure sensor ①. The entire air intake module is arranged before the air compressor of the fuel cell air subsystem, and can realize air filtration, air intake flow monitoring, gas temperature monitoring at the front end of the air compressor, and gas pressure monitoring at the front end of the air compressor. The following is a detailed introduction to the components and functions of the air intake module.

[0029] Air filter: separates liquid water and liquid oil droplets in the air, and filters out dust and solid impurities in the air.

[0030] Air flow meter: monitors the air intake flow rate entering the air subsystem. Used to control the working status of the air compressor inside the air subsystem.

[0031] Manual valve①: Adjust the air pressure before entering the air compressor.

[0032] Temperature sensor①: monitors the air temperature before entering the air compressor.

[0033] Pressure sensor①: monitors the air pressure before entering the air compressor.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the auxiliary cooling module is mainly composed of hand valve ②, hand valve ③, temperature sensor ②, pressure sensor ②, drain valve ①, water supply valve ①, water tank, liquid level sensor, water supply valve ②, water pump ①, heater ①, heat exchanger ①, filter, proportional valve ①, hand valve ③, temperature sensor ③, and pressure sensor ③. The auxiliary cooling module is used to assist the heat dissipation of the air compressor, air compressor controller, and intercooler. The module controls the power of the electric heater and the flow rate of the external circulating water of the heat exchanger to control the inlet temperature of the internal circulating coolant, and controls the flow rate of the internal circulating coolant by controlling the speed of the water pump, thereby realizing the function of cooling the components in the air subsystem.

[0035] Manual valve ② and manual valve ③: used to open and close the coolant in the auxiliary cooling module circuit to facilitate equipment maintenance.

[0036] Temperature sensor ②: Measures the coolant temperature of the high-temperature components of the outflow air subsystem, transmits it to the controller, and controls the coolant flow rate according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference.

[0037] Pressure sensor ②: Measures the coolant pressure flowing out of the high-temperature components of the air subsystem.

[0038] Drain valve①: used to discharge the coolant circulating in the auxiliary cooling module to facilitate equipment maintenance and air subsystem sample adjustment.

[0039] Water replenishment valve①: used to replenish the coolant in the water tank, and the amount of water replenishment is determined based on the liquid level information in the water tank.

[0040] Water tank: used to supplement water and exhaust the coolant circulation system in the auxiliary cooling module.

[0041] Liquid level sensor: used to monitor the liquid level in the water tank and feed back the liquid level information to the controller. The controller opens the drain valve① in time according to the liquid level information when the liquid level is low, thus realizing the automatic water replenishment function.

[0042] Water supply valve ②: replenishes the coolant in the circulation pipeline of the auxiliary cooling module

[0043] Water pump①: drives the coolant in the auxiliary cooling module and controls its flow.

[0044] Heater①: By controlling the electric power of the electric heater, the coolant in the auxiliary cooling module is heated to control the increase in the coolant temperature.

[0045] Heat exchanger ①: used to exchange heat between the coolant circulating in the auxiliary cooling module and the coolant in the cooling water circulation system circulating outside.

[0046] Filter: used to filter impurities in the external circulating water to prevent clogging of the heat exchanger and reduce the heat exchange efficiency.

[0047] Proportional valve①: used to control the flow of external circulating water, thereby controlling the cooling capacity and realizing the function of controlling the temperature of internal circulating water.

[0048] Temperature sensor ③: Measures the coolant temperature entering the high-temperature components of the air subsystem, transmits it to the controller, and controls the coolant flow rate based on the inlet and outlet temperature difference.

[0049] Pressure sensor ③: Measures the coolant pressure entering the high-temperature components of the air subsystem.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module is mainly composed of a temperature sensor ④, a pressure sensor ④, a humidity sensor ④, a bypass flow controller, a bypass air flow meter, a proportional valve ②, and a check valve. The controller calculates the actual oxygen consumption of the stack according to the current operating conditions of the air subsystem, and then adjusts the opening of the bypass flow controller according to the intake air flow to discharge an air flow consistent with the current oxygen consumption to simulate gas consumption. The flow resistance simulation is to adjust the opening of the proportional valve ② by measuring the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the stack cathode simulator to simulate the flow resistance of air inside the stack.

[0051] Temperature sensor ④: Measures the air temperature at the inlet of the stack cathode simulator and is used to control the working state of the intercooler inside the air subsystem.

[0052] Pressure sensor ④: Measures the air pressure at the inlet of the stack cathode simulator, which is used to adjust the flow resistance of the stack cathode simulator and also to control the working state of the back pressure valve inside the air subsystem.

[0053] Humidity sensor ④: measures the air humidity at the inlet of the stack cathode simulator. It is used to control the working state of the humidifier inside the air subsystem.

[0054] Bypass flow controller: controls the flow resistance of the bypass passage to achieve the purpose of controlling the bypass flow, discharges air consistent with the oxygen consumption in the current operating conditions, and simulates the gas flow at the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0055] Bypass air flow meter: used to monitor the air flow discharged from the bypass passage and feed back to the bypass flow controller to facilitate it to adjust the valve opening.

[0056] Proportional valve ②: adjust the opening of proportional valve ② to simulate the gas flow resistance in the cathode of the fuel cell stack.

[0057] Check valve: When the air compressor in the air subsystem is suddenly unloaded or shut down, it prevents the gas pressure at the front end of the humidification water tank from dropping suddenly, causing hot water in the water tank to flow back and cause a test accident.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, the humidification module is mainly composed of a humidification water tank, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor ⑦, a water supply valve ③, a drain valve ②, a water pump ②, a heater ③, a temperature sensor ⑧, a heat exchanger ②, a proportional valve ③, and a temperature sensor ⑨. During the operation of the fuel cell, water is generated at the cathode, so the humidity of the cathode is relatively high. The humidification module heats and humidifies the gas of the air subsystem humidification module according to the requirements of the air subsystem for the gas temperature and humidity at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator, and controls the gas temperature to the dew point temperature corresponding to the outlet humidity. The temperature of the circulating water in the humidification water tank is controllable, and the air entering the humidification water tank fully exchanges temperature and humidity with the water in the water tank, so that the temperature of the air coming out of the humidification water tank is consistent with the temperature of the circulating water and is 100% humidified, achieving the function of humidifying the air and controlling the dew point temperature of the air.

[0059] Humidification water tank: a place for heat exchange and humidification between the air entering the humidification module and the circulating water of the humidification module.

[0060] Liquid level sensor: used to monitor the liquid level information in the humidification water tank. The liquid level of the humidification water tank must not be lower than the second liquid level sensor during operation. When the liquid level of the humidification water tank is low, open the water replenishment valve ③ to replenish circulating water.

[0061] Temperature sensor ⑦: used to monitor the temperature of the circulating water coming out of the humidification water tank, which can be roughly regarded as the temperature of the circulating water in the humidification water tank. This temperature can be used to control the power of the heater and the flow rate of the external circulating water.

[0062] Water replenishment valve ③: When the battery stack cathode simulator is working, the air entering the humidification water tank will take away part of the circulating water in the humidification water tank. When the liquid level in the humidification water tank is low, the controller automatically opens the water replenishment valve ③ to replenish the circulating water.

[0063] Drain valve ②: used to discharge the circulating water of the humidification module to facilitate equipment movement and maintenance.

[0064] Water pump ②: drives the circulating water of the humidification module to flow.

[0065] Heater ③: By controlling the electric power of the electric heater, the circulating water in the humidification module is heated to control the temperature of the circulating water to rise.

[0066] Temperature sensor⑧: monitors the circulating water temperature at the outlet of heater③.

[0067] Heat exchanger ②: used for heat exchange between the circulating water in the humidification module and the coolant in the cooling water circulation system.

[0068] Proportional valve ③: used to control the flow rate of coolant in the cooling water circulation system to achieve the purpose of controlling the heat dissipation and further control the temperature of the circulating water in the humidification module.

[0069] Temperature sensor ⑨: monitors the temperature of the circulating water in the humidification module after the circulating water passes through the heater and heat exchanger to control the temperature.

[0070] like Figure 6 As shown, the temperature and humidity simulation module is mainly composed of temperature sensor ⑤, heater ②, heating belt, temperature sensor ⑥, pressure sensor ⑥, and humidity sensor ⑥. The dew point temperature of the air fully humidified by the humidification module is controlled by the humidification module. After the air is heated by the heater of the temperature and humidity simulation module, the temperature and humidity of the air at the outlet of the battery stack cathode simulator can be controlled simultaneously according to the actual working conditions of the battery stack, simulating the temperature and humidity of the air at the outlet of the battery stack. The specific functions of each component are as follows:

[0071] Temperature sensor ⑤: used to monitor the dew point temperature of the air coming out of the humidification module.

[0072] Heater ②: Heats the humid air coming out of the humidification module and controls the air temperature to the actual working air outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0073] Heating tape: Insulates the gas pipeline to prevent the gas temperature from dropping and causing an increase in relative humidity; ensures the accuracy of temperature and humidity control.

[0074] Temperature sensor ⑥: measures the air temperature at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator and is used to control the working state of the temperature and humidity simulation module heater ②.

[0075] Pressure sensor ⑥: Measures the air pressure at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator, which is used to adjust the flow resistance of the stack cathode simulator and can also be used to control the working state of the back pressure valve inside the air subsystem.

[0076] Humidity sensor ⑥: measures the air humidity at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator. It is used to control the dew point temperature of the humidification module and the circulating water temperature.

[0077] The systems, devices, modules or units described in the above embodiments may be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions.

[0078] It should also be noted that the term "includes", "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the element.

[0079] The above embodiments should be understood to be only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. After reading the contents of the present invention, technicians can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test system for the development of fuel cell air subsystems, characterized in that: It includes an air intake module, an auxiliary cooling module, a gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module, a humidification module, and a temperature and humidity simulation module, wherein the air intake module is arranged before the air compressor of the air subsystem, and the air is filtered by the air filter and then enters the air subsystem through the flow sensor, temperature sensor, and pressure sensor; Auxiliary cooling module: used to cool down the intercooler, air compressor and air compressor controller that have heat dissipation requirements for the air subsystem; Gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module: used to calculate the gas consumption of cathode oxygen according to the load current of the current working condition and the number of cells in the stack, control the corresponding flow of air discharge through the bypass flow controller and the bypass air flow meter to simulate the consumption of cathode oxygen; and adjust the opening of the electromagnetic proportional valve according to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet pressure sensors of the stack cathode simulator to simulate the flow resistance of the cathode of the fuel cell stack; Humidification module: used to humidify and exchange heat for compressed air; Temperature and humidity simulation module: used to control the temperature and humidity of the air coming out of the humidification module to the target air outlet temperature and humidity at the same time, completing the simulation of heating and humidification of the gas inside the fuel cell stack; the air then passes through the insulation of the heating belt and enters the back pressure tail exhaust part of the air subsystem; The gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module includes a temperature sensor ④, a pressure sensor ④, a humidity sensor ④, a bypass flow controller, a bypass air flow meter, a proportional valve ②, and a check valve; wherein the temperature sensor ④ is used to measure the air temperature at the inlet of the stack cathode simulator, and is used to control the working state of the intercooler inside the air subsystem; the pressure sensor ④ is used to measure the air pressure at the inlet of the stack cathode simulator, and is used to adjust the flow resistance of the stack cathode simulator, and is also used to control the working state of the back pressure valve inside the air subsystem; the humidity sensor ④ is used to measure the air humidity at the inlet of the stack cathode simulator; Used to control the working state of the humidifier inside the air subsystem; bypass flow controller: used to control the flow resistance of the bypass passage to achieve the purpose of controlling the bypass flow, discharge the air consistent with the current working condition oxygen consumption, and simulate the gas flow at the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack; bypass air flow meter: used to monitor the air flow discharged from the bypass passage and feed it back to the bypass flow controller to facilitate its adjustment of the valve opening; proportional valve ②: by adjusting the opening of proportional valve ②, the gas flow resistance in the cathode of the fuel cell stack is simulated; check valve: used to prevent the gas pressure at the front end of the humidification water tank from dropping suddenly when the air compressor in the air subsystem is suddenly unloaded or shut down.

2. A test system for fuel cell air subsystem development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake module includes: an air filter, an air flow meter, a hand valve ①, a temperature sensor ①, and a pressure sensor ①, wherein the air filter is used to: separate liquid water and liquid oil droplets in the air, and filter out dust and solid impurities in the air; the air flow meter is used to monitor the air intake flow entering the air subsystem; and is used to control the working state of the air compressor inside the air subsystem; the hand valve ① is used to adjust the air pressure before entering the air compressor; the temperature sensor ① is used to monitor the air temperature before entering the air compressor; and the pressure sensor ① is used to monitor the air pressure before entering the air compressor.

3. A test system for fuel cell air subsystem development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary cooling module includes a hand valve ②, a hand valve ③, a temperature sensor ②, a pressure sensor ②, a drain valve ①, a water supply valve ①, a water tank, a liquid level sensor, a water supply valve ②, a water pump ①, a heater ①, a heat exchanger ①, a filter, a proportional valve ①, a temperature sensor ③, and a pressure sensor ③, wherein the hand valve ② and the hand valve ③ are used to switch the coolant of the auxiliary cooling module circuit on and off; the temperature sensor ② is used to measure the coolant temperature of the high-temperature components of the air subsystem flowing out, transmit it to the controller, and control the coolant flow rate according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference; the pressure sensor ② is used to measure the coolant pressure of the high-temperature components of the air subsystem flowing out; the drain valve ① is used to discharge the coolant circulating in the auxiliary cooling module; the water supply valve ① is used to replenish the coolant in the water tank, and the water replenishment amount is determined according to the liquid level information in the water tank; the water tank is used to replenish and exhaust the coolant circulation system in the auxiliary cooling module; the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the liquid level in the water tank and feed the liquid level information back to the controller , the controller opens the drain valve ① in time according to the liquid level information when the liquid level is low to realize the automatic water replenishment function; water replenishment valve ②: replenishes the coolant in the circulation pipeline of the auxiliary cooling module; water pump ①: drives the coolant in the auxiliary cooling module and controls its flow; heater ①: heats the coolant in the auxiliary cooling module by controlling the electric power of the electric heater to control the increase of the coolant temperature; heat exchanger ①: used for heat exchange between the coolant circulating in the auxiliary cooling module and the coolant in the cooling water circulation system of the external circulation; filter: used to filter impurities in the external circulation water to prevent clogging of the heat exchanger and reduce the heat exchange efficiency; proportional valve ①: used to control the flow of the external circulation water, and then control the cooling capacity to realize the function of controlling the temperature of the internal circulation water; temperature sensor ③: measures the coolant temperature entering the high-temperature components of the air subsystem, transmits it to the controller, and controls the coolant flow according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference; pressure sensor ③: used to measure the coolant pressure entering the high-temperature components of the air subsystem.

4. A test system for fuel cell air subsystem development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidification module includes a humidification water tank, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor ⑦, a water supply valve ③, a drain valve ②, a water pump ②, a heater ③, a temperature sensor ⑧, a heat exchanger ②, a proportional valve ③ and a temperature sensor ⑨; wherein, the humidification water tank: a place for heat exchange and humidification between the air entering the humidification module and the circulating water of the humidification module; the liquid level sensor: used to monitor the liquid level information in the humidification water tank. During operation, the liquid level of the humidification water tank cannot be lower than the second liquid level sensor. When the liquid level of the humidification water tank is low, open the water supply valve ③ to replenish the circulating water; the temperature sensor ⑦: used to monitor the temperature of the circulating water coming out of the humidification water tank, which can be regarded as the temperature of the circulating water in the humidification water tank; the temperature can be used to control the power of the heater and the flow rate of the external circulating water; the water supply valve ③: when the cathode simulator of the battery stack is working, the air entering the humidification water tank will take away part of the circulating water. The circulating water in the humidification water tank is divided. When the liquid level of the humidification water tank is low, the controller automatically opens the water replenishment valve ③ to replenish the circulating water; drain valve ②: used to discharge the circulating water of the humidification module to facilitate the movement and maintenance of the equipment; water pump ②: drives the circulating water of the humidification module to flow; heater ③: by controlling the electric power of the electric heater, the circulating water in the humidification module is heated to control the temperature of the circulating water; temperature sensor ⑧: monitors the circulating water temperature at the outlet of heater ③; heat exchanger ②: used for heat exchange between the circulating water in the humidification module and the coolant in the cooling water circulation system; proportional valve ③: used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the cooling water circulation system to achieve the purpose of controlling the heat dissipation, and further control the temperature of the circulating water in the humidification module; temperature sensor ⑨: monitors the circulating water temperature of the humidification module after the circulating water passes through the heater and the heat exchanger to control the temperature.

5. A test system for fuel cell air subsystem development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity simulation module includes a temperature sensor ⑤, a heater ②, a heating belt, a temperature sensor ⑥, a pressure sensor ⑥, and a humidity sensor ⑥; wherein, the temperature sensor ⑤ is used to monitor the dew point temperature of the air coming out of the humidification module; the heater ② heats the humid air coming out of the humidification module and controls the air temperature to be the actual working air outlet temperature of the stack; the heating belt is used to insulate the gas pipeline; the temperature sensor ⑥ is used to measure the air temperature at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator and control the working state of the heater ② of the temperature and humidity simulation module; the pressure sensor ⑥ is used to measure the air pressure at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator and adjust the flow resistance of the stack cathode simulator, and can also be used to control the working state of the back pressure valve inside the air subsystem; the humidity sensor ⑥ is used to measure the air humidity at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator; and is used to control the dew point temperature of the humidification module and the circulating water temperature.

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