Embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fasteners, and in particular to an embedded axial pressure compensating flange anti-loosening nut; the invention comprises a flange nut, an insert and a compensating energy accumulator, wherein a first groove and a second groove are arranged inside the flange nut, the insert is arranged inside the first groove, the compensating energy accumulator is arranged inside the second groove, a side wall on one side of the insert contacts the inner wall of the flange nut, and a side wall on the other side of the insert contacts the compensating energy accumulator, and the insert and the compensating energy accumulator are sleeved on the outside of a screw; the first groove is provided with an inner conical surface, the insert is provided with an outer conical surface, and the outer conical surface of the insert abuts against the inner conical surface of the first groove; the first groove is interference fit with the insert; an opening is arranged on the insert; the present invention improves the anti-loosening ability of the nut while ensuring the service life of the nut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fasteners, in particular to an embedded axial pressure compensation flange anti-loosening nut. Background Art

[0002] Fasteners are a type of mechanical parts used for fastening and connection and are extremely widely used. Fasteners are used in a wide range of industries. Various types of fasteners can be seen on various machinery, equipment, vehicles, ships, railways, bridges, buildings, structures, tools, instruments, chemicals, meters and supplies, etc. They are the most widely used mechanical basic parts. Nuts are one of the most widely used fasteners. Nuts are parts that tightly connect mechanical equipment. Nuts are connected to bolts of the same specifications through the inner threads. If the bolts are unscrewed from the nuts, the nuts and bolts are separated, and the connection is a detachable connection.

[0003] During the tightening process of nuts and bolts, due to vibration, changes in external loads, high-temperature creep of materials, etc., the friction between the threaded connections will be reduced, causing the threaded connections to loosen. After repeated action, the threaded connections will loosen and fail. Therefore, anti-loosening operations must be performed, otherwise it will affect normal work and cause accidents. At present, there are mainly the following methods to prevent threads from loosening: (1) using additional friction to prevent loosening, such as adding spring washers, nylon rings, using top nuts, etc.; (2) using special anti-loosening elements to prevent loosening, such as slotted nuts and cotter pins, round nuts with winged washers, stop washers, etc.; (3) using adhesives to prevent loosening.

[0004] The prior art CN107740807A discloses a combined anti-loosening nut using a tapered thread for locking, comprising a flange nut having an internal thread for locking a screw and a locking nut matched therewith, wherein the locking nut has a tapered internal thread; the flange nut has an external thread, and the portion of the flange nut having the external thread is provided with an axial shrinkage groove, the flange nut is tightened on the portion of the screw that needs to be tightened and prevented from loosening through its internal thread, and then the locking nut is connected to the screw through the cooperation of the tapered internal thread and the external thread on the flange nut, during the process of connecting the locking nut with the flange nut, the tapered internal thread exerts a force on the internal thread and the shrinkage groove of the flange nut, so that the internal thread of the flange nut has a tightening force on the screw, and the shrinkage groove has a reaction force on the locking nut, so that the flange nut has a tightening force on the locking nut, thereby realizing the locking of the locking nut, the flange nut and the screw, and playing an anti-loosening effect. However, since the anti-loosening effect of the anti-loosening nut is achieved by opening a contraction groove on the flange nut, the flange nut is likely to suffer stress damage under long-term pressure, thereby affecting the service life of the anti-loosening nut.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an embedded axial pressure compensation flange anti-loosening nut, which, compared with the existing technology, can improve the anti-loosening ability of the nut while ensuring the service life of the nut. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention solves the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an embedded axial pressure compensation flange anti-loosening nut.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An embedded axial pressure compensation flange anti-loosening nut comprises a flange nut, an insert and a compensation energy accumulator, wherein a first groove and a second groove are provided inside the flange nut, the insert is arranged inside the first groove, the compensation energy accumulator is arranged inside the second groove, a side wall of one side of the insert contacts the inner wall of the flange nut, and a side wall of the other side of the insert contacts the compensation energy accumulator, and the insert and the compensation energy accumulator are sleeved outside the screw;

[0009] The first groove is provided with an inner conical surface, the insert is provided with an outer conical surface, the outer conical surface of the insert abuts against the inner conical surface of the first groove; the first groove and the insert are interference fit;

[0010] The embedding piece is provided with an opening.

[0011] Furthermore, the taper of the inner conical surface of the first groove and the taper of the outer conical surface of the insert both adopt Morse taper.

[0012] Furthermore, the taper of the inner conical surface of the first groove and the taper of the outer conical surface of the insert are both 1:20.

[0013] Furthermore, the interference between the first groove and the insert is greater than the clearance between the flange nut and the screw.

[0014] Furthermore, the interference between the first groove and the insert is 0.3-0.8 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the insert is clearance-matched with the screw rod, and the clearance between the insert and the screw rod is smaller than the clearance between the flange nut and the screw rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the opening is arranged to extend along the axial direction of the insert, and the shape of the opening extending along the axial direction on the insert includes a straight line shape and an S shape.

[0017] Furthermore, when the rotation direction of the thread on the screw is right-handed, the opening is set to be inclined upward from one end away from the second groove to one end close to the second groove; when the rotation direction of the thread on the screw is left-handed, the opening is set to be inclined downward from one end away from the second groove to one end close to the second groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the width of the opening is 1-3 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the compensating energy storage device includes at least two disc springs, and all the disc springs are fixedly connected.

[0020] Furthermore, the compensation energy accumulator includes an upper elastic diaphragm, a lower elastic diaphragm and an elastomer, the elastomer is connected between the upper elastic diaphragm and the lower elastic diaphragm, the upper elastic diaphragm and the lower elastic diaphragm are both made of metal materials, and the elastomer is made of polymer materials.

[0021] Furthermore, the compensating energy storage device includes an elastomer, and the elastomer is made of a polymer material.

[0022] Furthermore, the thickness of the compensation energy storage device is greater than the depth of the second groove.

[0023] Furthermore, the depth of the second groove is greater than the depth of the first groove.

[0024] Furthermore, an internal thread is provided inside the flange nut, and the internal thread is located on a side of the first groove away from the second groove.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention provides a first groove and a second groove inside the flange nut, and an insert is provided inside the first groove, and a compensating energy accumulator is provided inside the second groove. An opening is provided on the insert, and the insert is provided with an outer conical surface, and the first groove is provided with an inner conical surface. The outer conical surface of the insert is interference-fitted with the inner conical surface of the first groove, and the tapers are the same. The insert and the compensating energy accumulator are both sleeved on the outside of the screw. When the screw sleeved with the insert is extended into the flange nut, the small diameter end of the insert first passes through the large diameter end of the first groove and enters the first groove. As the tightening torque increases and the interference amount set between the insert and the first groove, the insert is subjected to axial pressure. The axial pressure acts on the outer surface of the insert, and the outer surface of the insert generates a reaction force, which interacts with the pressure generated by the torque to embed the insert into the first groove. Since the interference amount is greater than the gap between the elastic washer and the screw, the opening of the insert shrinks under the action of the axial pressure, so that the insert locks the screw, and the locking and anti-loosening performance is high and reliable, and the service life of the flange nut is not reduced.

[0027] (2) The compensating energy accumulator arranged inside the second groove of the present invention generates elastic force under the action of axial pressure after being compressed. In the tightened state, the elastic force always acts on the tightening node. When the screw produces yield shrinkage deformation or creep shrinkage deformation, the compensating energy accumulator releases elastic force as the screw shrinks and deforms, compensates for the pressure loss of the screw, and maintains the tightening force between the flange nut and the screw within a certain range. The compensating energy accumulator can effectively compensate for the axial pressure of the screw within a certain range, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the fastener and having the function of axial pressure compensation.

[0028] (3) The present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, flexible and convenient installation and disassembly, small space occupation, strong applicability, reliable locking and releasing performance, simple processing and manufacturing, and high cost performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing different opening directions of the insert according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the embedded component in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compensation energy storage device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compensation energy storage device in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compensation energy storage device in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the test results of the flange locking nut provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Flange nut; 11. Internal thread; 12. First groove; 13. Second groove; 14. Wrench portion; 15. Connecting portion; 2. Insert; 21. Opening; 3. Compensating energy accumulator; 31. Upper elastic diaphragm; 32. Lower elastic diaphragm; 33. Elastomer; 34. Disc spring; 4. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an embedded axial pressure compensation flange anti-loosening nut. The size of the flange anti-loosening nut provided in this embodiment is compatible with the size of the M24 bolt, including a flange nut 1, an insert 2 and a compensation energy accumulator 3. The inner wall of the flange nut 1 is provided with an internal thread 11, a first groove 12 and a second groove 13. The first groove 12 is located between the internal thread 11 and the second groove 13. The first groove 12 and the second groove 13 are coaxially arranged with the flange nut 1. The depth of the second groove 13 is greater than the depth of the first groove 12. The depth represents the radial length. The insert 2 is arranged inside the first groove 12, and the compensation energy accumulator 3 is arranged inside the second groove 13. The insert 2 and the compensation energy accumulator 3 are both sleeved on the outside of the screw 4 of the bolt. The side wall of one side of the insert 2 contacts the inner side wall of the first groove 12, and the side wall of the other side of the insert 2 contacts the compensation energy accumulator 3.

[0041] The inner wall of the first groove 12 is set as a conical surface, the end of the first groove 12 close to the internal thread 11 is set as a small diameter end, and the end of the first groove 12 close to the second groove 13 is set as a large diameter end. The taper of the inner wall of the first groove 12 is a Morse taper, and the specific taper of the inner wall of the first groove 12 is 1:20; the insert 2 is an elastic washer, and the outer wall of the elastic washer is set as a conical surface. The elastic washer is provided with a large diameter end and a small diameter end. The large diameter end of the elastic washer is set corresponding to the large diameter end of the first groove 12, and the small diameter end of the elastic washer is set corresponding to the small diameter end of the first groove 12. The taper of the outer wall of the elastic washer is the same as the taper of the inner wall of the first groove 12, both of which are 1:20; the elastic washer is interference fit with the first groove 12; the inner wall of the elastic washer is a cylindrical surface; the length of the elastic washer along its axial direction is the same as the length of the first groove 12 along its axial direction.

[0042] The elastic washer is provided with an opening 21, which is set to extend along the axial direction of the elastic washer. The width of the opening 21 of the elastic washer is designed to be 1-3 mm. The shape of the opening 21 extending along the axial direction of the elastic washer can be straight or S-shaped, but the opening 21 is not limited to the straight or S-shaped shapes and can be any shape. According to the rotation direction of the thread on the screw 4, the elastic washer is provided with openings 21 in different inclined directions; Figure 2 As shown in (A) in FIG. 1 , when the rotation direction of the thread on the screw rod 4 is right-handed, the opening 21 is arranged in an inclined direction from left to right and upward in the elastic washer; Figure 2 As shown in (B), when the rotation direction of the thread on the screw 4 is left-handed, the opening 21 is set to be tilted downward from left to right on the elastic washer. The direction of the opening 21 can be specifically designed for left-handed and right-handed threads, so that the elastic washer and the screw 4 are firmly locked.

[0043] Before the elastic washer is assembled, the elastic washer and the screw 4 are clearance fit. After the elastic washer and the screw 4 are assembled into the flange nut 1, the elastic washer and the screw 4 are locked by the interference amount and the opening 21 set on the elastic washer. The interference amount is set to 0.3-0.8mm. The interference amount between the outer cone surface of the elastic washer and the inner cone surface of the first groove 12 is adjusted according to the gap between the flange nut 1 and the screw 4, so that the interference amount is greater than the gap between the flange nut 1 and the screw 4, and the gap between the elastic washer and the screw 4 is smaller than the gap between the flange nut 1 and the screw 4.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the thickness of the compensating energy accumulator 3 is slightly greater than the depth of the second groove 13 , and the compensating energy accumulator 3 includes at least two disc springs 34 , which are fixedly connected and have the same size. The disc springs 34 are used to compensate for the fatigue shrinkage of the screw 4 .

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the flange nut 1 includes a connecting portion 15 and a wrench portion 14, the connecting portion 15 is integrally connected to the wrench portion 14, the internal thread 11 is partially arranged on the inner wall of the wrench portion 14, the remaining part of the internal thread 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting portion 15, and the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 are arranged on the inner wall of the connecting portion 15; the wrench portion 14 is an external hexagonal type with opposite sides of 40mm and a length of 12mm, the outer diameter of the connecting portion 15 is 56mm, and the length of the connecting portion 15 along its axial direction is 22mm; the inner diameter of the large diameter end of the first groove 12 is 30mm, and the length of the first groove 12 along its axial direction is 12mm; the inner diameter of the second groove 13 is 50mm, and the length of the second groove 13 along its axial direction is 6mm; the length of the first groove 12 along its axial direction is approximately twice the length of the second groove 13 along its axial direction; the inner diameter of the internal thread 11 at the bottom of the tooth is 24mm, and the internal thread 11 is provided with 5-7 tooth threads.

[0046] The material of the flange nut 1 is carbon structural steel or carbon alloy structural steel, and the material of the elastic washer and the disc spring 34 are both elastic steel or polymer elastic material.

[0047] The working principle of the embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the compensating energy accumulator 3 is installed in the second groove 13, the elastic washer is sleeved on the outside of the screw 4, the elastic washer and the screw 4 are loosely matched, the screw 4 sleeved with the elastic washer is extended into the first groove 12 through the second groove 13, the small diameter end of the elastic washer first enters the first groove 12 through the large diameter end of the first groove 12, with the increase of the tightening torque and the interference set between the elastic washer and the first groove 12, the elastic washer is subjected to the axial pressure F, the axial pressure F acts on the outer surface of the elastic washer, the outer surface of the elastic washer generates a reaction force, and the interaction with the pressure generated by the torque embeds the elastic washer into the first groove 12, because the interference is greater than the gap between the elastic washer and the screw 4, the opening 21 of the elastic washer shrinks under the action of the axial pressure, so that the elastic washer locks the screw 4.

[0048] Because the outer conical surface of the elastic washer contacts the inner conical surface of the flange nut 1, the axial pressure Under the action of A radial force will be generated and the normal component ; Radial force The friction between the inner wall of the elastic washer and the outer wall of the screw 4 is formed ; Normal component Forming friction in the opposite direction along the cone surface ; Axial force Forming friction between the upper and lower walls of the elastic gasket and its contact surface ; Elastic washer in radial force Under the action of the elastic gasket, the elastic gasket contracts radially, and the elastic gasket contacts with the outer surface of the screw 4 to achieve a locking state, so that the elastic gasket and the outer surface of the screw 4 form an interference fit; , , The resultant force is the friction force exerted on the elastic washer, which is much larger than the relaxation force generated by the vibration of the screw 4. At the same time, since the inner conical surface of the first groove 12 and the outer conical surface of the elastic washer adopt Morse taper, because the cone angle of the Morse taper is smaller than the friction angle of the material, the inner conical surface of the first groove 12 and the outer conical surface of the elastic washer have a self-locking function. Under the action of the axial force, the upper and lower end surfaces of the opening 21 of the elastic washer abut against each other, which will also generate a certain friction force, which helps to prevent the loosening between the flange nut 1 and the screw 4.

[0049] Disc spring 34 in axial pressure Under the action of , the disc spring 34 generates elastic force after being compressed. In the tightened state, the elastic force always acts on the tightening node. When the screw 4 produces yield shrinkage deformation or creep shrinkage deformation, the disc spring 34 releases the elastic force as the screw 4 shrinks and deforms, compensates for the pressure loss of the screw 4, and maintains the tightening force between the flange nut 1 and the screw 4 within a certain range. The disc spring 34 can effectively compensate for the axial pressure of the screw 4 within a certain range, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the fastener.

[0050] This embodiment also tests the flange locking nut. Under the conditions of high-frequency vibration of 1500 times / min and a test frequency of 12.5 Hz, the flange locking nut provided in this embodiment is tested. The machine is stopped at 30s, 60s, and 120s, and the axial force is measured. The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0051] Table 1

[0052]

[0053] As shown in Table 1, under the same installation torque, the ratio of the residual axial force to the initial axial force after 120s of action of the five samples with different initial axial forces is about 95%, which shows that the flange anti-loosening nut provided in this embodiment has a good anti-loosening effect and high locking performance. Figure 7 This is the test result diagram of sample No. 1. Figure 7 The upper curve in the middle is the percentage change curve of the ratio of residual axial force to initial axial force. Figure 7 The curve below is the curve of axial force change. Figure 7 It can be seen that after the flange anti-loosening nut provided in the present embodiment is subjected to the installation torque, the axial force drops significantly in the first few seconds, and then becomes stable. It can be known that the obvious drop in the axial force in the first few seconds is caused by the shrinkage deformation of the material itself. As the action time increases, the axial force changes relatively slowly. This shows that the flange anti-loosening nut structure provided in the present embodiment has good anti-loosening performance, and the axial force changes very little, within a range of 1kN.

[0054] The flange anti-loosening nut provided in this embodiment not only has the locking and axial pressure compensation functions of the flange nut 1, but also has the advantages of simple and compact structure, flexible and convenient installation and disassembly, small space occupation, strong applicability, reliable locking and loosening performance, simple processing and manufacturing, and high cost performance, and at the same time will not reduce the service life of the flange nut 1.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] like Figure 5As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the compensation energy storage device 3 includes an upper elastic diaphragm 31, a lower elastic diaphragm 32 and an elastic body 33, the elastic body 33 is arranged between the upper elastic diaphragm 31 and the lower elastic diaphragm 32, the elastic body 33 is fixedly connected to the upper elastic diaphragm 31 and the lower elastic diaphragm 32, the upper elastic diaphragm 31 and the lower elastic diaphragm 32 are both made of metal materials, and the elastic body 33 is made of polymer materials.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the compensation energy storage device 3 includes an elastic body 33, the elastic body 33 is fixedly arranged inside the second groove 13, and the elastic body 33 is made of polymer material.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. Embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut, characterized in that: It comprises a flange nut, an insert and a compensation energy accumulator, wherein a first groove and a second groove are provided inside the flange nut, the insert is arranged inside the first groove, the compensation energy accumulator is arranged inside the second groove, a side wall of one side of the insert contacts the inner wall of the flange nut, and a side wall of the other side of the insert contacts the compensation energy accumulator, and the insert and the compensation energy accumulator are sleeved outside the screw; The first groove is provided with an inner conical surface, the insert is provided with an outer conical surface, the outer conical surface of the insert abuts against the inner conical surface of the first groove; the first groove and the insert are interference fit; The insert is provided with an opening; The taper of the inner conical surface of the first groove and the taper of the outer conical surface of the insert both adopt Morse taper; The cone angle of the Morse taper is smaller than the friction angle of the cone surface material of the first groove; When the rotation direction of the thread on the screw is right-handed, the opening is arranged to be inclined upward from the end away from the second groove to the end close to the second groove; when the rotation direction of the thread on the screw is left-handed, the opening is arranged to be inclined downward from the end away from the second groove to the end close to the second groove; The compensation energy storage device comprises an upper elastic diaphragm, a lower elastic diaphragm and an elastic body, wherein the elastic body is connected between the upper elastic diaphragm and the lower elastic diaphragm, the upper elastic diaphragm and the lower elastic diaphragm are both made of metal materials, and the elastic body is made of polymer materials.

2. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The taper of the inner conical surface of the first groove and the taper of the outer conical surface of the insert are both 1:

20.

3. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interference between the first groove and the embedded component is greater than the clearance between the flange nut and the screw rod.

4. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 3, characterized in that: The interference between the first groove and the insert is 0.3-0.8 mm.

5. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insert is clearance-matched with the screw rod, and the clearance between the insert and the screw rod is smaller than the clearance between the flange nut and the screw rod.

6. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening is arranged to extend along the axial direction of the insert, and the shape of the opening extending along the axial direction on the insert includes a straight line shape and an S shape.

7. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the opening is 1-3 mm.

8. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the compensation energy storage device is greater than the depth of the second groove.

9. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the second groove is greater than the depth of the first groove.

10. The embedded axial pressure compensation flange locknut according to claim 1, characterized in that: An internal thread is provided inside the flange nut, and the internal thread is located on a side of the first groove away from the second groove.

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