Bolt anti-loosening vibration test device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bolt looseness prevention, and particularly discloses a bolt looseness prevention vibration test device which comprises a vibration table. The test tool is detachably connected to the vibration table, the test tool is provided with a mounting hole for a to-be-tested bolt to penetrate through, and the side walls of the two ends of the mounting hole abut against the head of the to-be-tested bolt and a nut in threaded connection to the to-be-tested bolt respectively; the counterweight plate is provided with a through hole for the to-be-tested bolt to pass through, and the counterweight plate is located between the test tool and the nut; the force sensor is arranged on the outer side of the to-be-tested bolt in a sleeving mode, and the force sensor is located between the test tool and the head of the to-be-tested bolt and used for detecting the pre-tightening force of the to-be-tested bolt; and the data acquisition instrument is arranged on one side of the vibration table, is electrically connected with the force sensor and is used for acquiring the pre-tightening force, detected by the force sensor, of the to-be-detected bolt. According to the invention, the vibration test can be conveniently carried out and the change condition of the clamping force can be recorded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bolt anti-loosening, and in particular to a bolt anti-loosening vibration test device. Background Art

[0002] Bolts and nuts are a commonly used connection method for structural parts. The principle of connection is to achieve the connection effect by tightening the nuts to apply a pre-tightening force to the connected parts. However, during use, due to vibration and other reasons, the pre-tightening force of the bolts and nuts will decrease, that is, loosening will occur, especially lateral vibration, that is, the vibration direction is perpendicular to the direction of the pre-tightening force, which can easily cause the connection effect to decrease or even disappear.

[0003] In order to solve this problem, many bolt and nut designs have emerged to prevent the preload force from decreasing. In this case, vibration tests need to be performed on them to verify their anti-loosening effect. Therefore, a device is needed that can perform tests and record changes in the clamping force of the bolts. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to facilitate vibration testing and record changes in clamping force, the present application provides a bolt anti-loosening vibration testing device.

[0005] The present application provides a bolt anti-loosening vibration test device adopts the following technical solution: A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device, comprising: Vibration table; A test fixture is detachably connected to the vibration table, and a mounting hole is provided on the test fixture for the bolt to be tested to pass through, and the side walls at both ends of the mounting hole are respectively against the head of the bolt to be tested and the nut threadedly connected to the bolt to be tested; A counterweight plate, the counterweight plate is provided with a through hole for the bolt to be tested to pass through, and the counterweight plate is located between the test fixture and the nut; A force sensor, which is sleeved on the outside of the bolt to be tested, and is located between the test fixture and the head of the bolt to be tested, and is used to detect the preload force of the bolt to be tested; The data acquisition instrument is arranged on one side of the vibration table. The data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to the force sensor and is used to collect the preload force of the bolt to be tested detected by the force sensor.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the bolt to be tested is inserted into the mounting hole, and the force sensor and the counterweight plate are respectively located on both sides of the bolt to be tested, and then the nut is tightened to the required preload force. Then the vibration table drives the test fixture to vibrate, so that vibration can be applied to the bolt and nut to be tested. The preload force of the bolt to be tested is detected by the force sensor and collected by the data acquisition instrument, so as to draw a curve of the preload force changing with time under vibration conditions, and complete the test of the bolt to be tested; the counterweight plate is arranged between the test fixture and the nut, so that the counterweight plate will have a tendency to swing back and forth during the test, and the counterweight plate can apply force to the nut, making the nut more likely to loosen, thereby smoothly drawing the required curve; that is, the counterweight plate can make the first-order natural frequency of the bolt fastening system within the test frequency range, which helps to ensure the smooth progress of the test process.

[0007] Optionally, the mounting hole is a threaded hole, and the mounting hole is used for threaded connection with the bolt to be tested.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, after replacing the test fixture, the test fixture is installed on the vibration table, and then the bolt to be tested is threaded into the mounting hole, and the force sensor is located between the head of the bolt to be tested and the test fixture, and a vibration test under another fastening method can be performed.

[0009] Optionally, a wire thread sleeve is provided in the mounting hole, and the wire thread sleeve is used for threaded connection with the bolt to be tested.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, after replacing the test fixture, the test fixture is installed on the vibration table, and then the bolt to be tested is threadedly connected to the wire thread sleeve, and the force sensor is located between the head of the bolt to be tested and the test fixture, and a vibration test under another tightening method can be performed.

[0011] Optionally, a support plate is provided on the test fixture, and the support plate includes a support part and a connecting part fixedly connected to both ends of the support part. A limit frame is provided on the support part, and a gap for inserting a counterweight plate is formed between the limit frame and the test fixture. A connecting hole for inserting the connecting part is provided on the test fixture, and one end of the connecting part away from the support part passes through the connecting hole. An insertion hole is provided on the end of the connecting part passing through the connecting hole, and a limit piece is inserted into the insertion hole.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the connecting part is inserted into the connecting hole, and then the limiting piece is inserted into the insertion hole. The limiting piece can prevent the connecting part from slipping out of the connecting hole, thereby fixing the support plate on the test fixture; at this time, the counterweight plate can be installed from the limiting frame, and the bottom end of the counterweight plate and the top wall of the supporting part are made to abut against each other, so that the counterweight plate is supported by the supporting part and the counterweight plate is limited by the limiting frame; therefore, there is no need to hold the counterweight plate with the hand during the subsequent rotation of the nut, and after tightening the nut, the through holes on the counterweight plate can be spaced apart from the bolts to be tested, thereby ensuring the installation effect of the counterweight plate, that is, the setting of the support plate can support and limit the counterweight plate during the installation process, thereby making the installation process more convenient.

[0013] Optionally, the limiting member includes an insertion strip and a limiting strip connected to the insertion strip, the insertion strip and the limiting strip are both arranged along the length direction of the supporting portion, the two ends of the insertion strip are respectively inserted into the insertion holes on the two connecting portions, two limiting strips are provided and are arranged in parallel at intervals, the gap between the two limiting strips is used to accommodate the head of the bolt to be tested, and the side of the two limiting strips close to each other is used to abut against the head of the bolt to be tested.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, after the insert strip is inserted into the socket, the limit strip is located on one side of the test fixture. At this time, the force sensor can be placed between the limit strip and the test fixture, and then the bolt to be tested is passed through the force sensor, and one end of the bolt to be tested is passed through the force sensor and out of the mounting hole. At this time, the hexagonal head of the bolt to be tested is located between the two limit strips, so the limit strip can limit the rotation of the bolt to be tested. In the subsequent tightening process of the nut, only the nut needs to be rotated, and there is no need to limit the bolt to be tested, which makes subsequent operations more convenient. The setting of the limit piece can, on the one hand, limit the sliding of the support plate and improve the stability of the support plate, and on the other hand, it can limit the rotation of the bolt to be tested, which is convenient for subsequent operations.

[0015] Optionally, an adjustment component is provided between the two limit bars, and the adjustment component includes a guide rod and a first double-headed screw arranged in parallel, the guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the insertion bar, the two limit bars are slidingly connected to the guide rod, the first double-headed screw is rotationally connected to the insertion bar, the thread directions at both ends of the first double-headed screw are opposite, and the two limit bars are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the first double-headed screw.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the distance between the two limit bars can be adjusted according to the model of the bolt to be tested, so that the limit bar can always be against the side of the hexagonal head of the bolt to be tested, thereby ensuring the limiting effect of the limit bar on the bolt to be tested.

[0017] Optionally, a first magnetic component is disposed on the inserting strip, and a second magnetic component for attracting the first magnetic component is disposed on the connecting portion.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the inserting strip is inserted into the insertion hole, the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member can be attracted to each other, thereby fixing the inserting strip, which can improve the stability of the inserting strip after insertion.

[0019] Optionally, a driving mechanism is provided on the support portion, and the driving mechanism includes a mounting plate, a sleeve, a worm, a worm wheel and a supporting assembly. The mounting plate is detachably connected to the supporting portion by sliding along the hole depth direction of the mounting hole. The sleeve is provided in multiple numbers and arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The sleeve and the worm are both rotatably arranged on the mounting plate. The axis of the sleeve is parallel to the hole depth direction of the mounting hole, and the axis of the worm is perpendicular to the hole depth direction of the mounting hole. The worm wheel is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve, and the worm wheel and the worm are meshed. The supporting assembly is arranged in the sleeve, and the supporting assembly is used to tighten the two sides of the bolt head to be tested in the sleeve.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, rotating the worm can cause the worm wheel to rotate, and the worm wheel drives the corresponding sleeve to rotate. The supporting assembly inside the sleeve is pressed against both sides of the nut, so that when the sleeve rotates, the nut inside the sleeve can be driven to rotate, so that multiple nuts can be rotated at the same time, which helps to improve the installation and disassembly efficiency.

[0021] Optionally, the supporting assembly includes a clamping block and a second double-headed screw, the clamping block is set in the sleeve along the radial sliding direction of the sleeve, two clamping blocks are provided, the end faces of the two clamping blocks are parallel to each other, the thread directions of the two ends of the second double-headed screw are opposite, the second double-headed screw is rotatably set on the sleeve, and the two clamping blocks are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the second double-headed screw.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the second double-headed screw can be rotated to cause the two clamping blocks to move in opposite directions, thereby adjusting the distance between the two clamping blocks, so that the two clamping blocks can clamp nuts of different sizes, and thus can be suitable for nuts of different models, and the applicability of the device is stronger.

[0023] Optionally, a rotating block is provided at the end of the second double-headed screw.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to rotate the second double-headed screw.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Place the force sensor and the counterweight plate on both sides of the mounting hole on the test fixture, install the bolt to be tested into the mounting hole and tighten the nut to complete the installation of the bolt to be tested. Then start the vibration table to make the bolt to be tested vibrate, so as to record the curve of the preload force changing with time, and complete the vibration test of the bolt to be tested.

[0026] 2. The support plate can support the counterweight plate, thus making the installation process more convenient; after the installation is completed, the limiter and the support plate can be pulled out in turn, and the support plate can be quickly removed, thereby eliminating the influence of the setting of the support plate on the vibration test process.

[0027] 3. Rotating the worm can drive the worm wheel to rotate, thereby causing the sleeve to rotate, and the sleeve drives the corresponding nut to rotate, so that multiple nuts can rotate at the same time, which helps to further improve the efficiency of installation and disassembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the bolt to be tested in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1 of the present application for demonstrating the installation position of the force sensor; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the present application; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support plate and the limit frame in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of Example 2 of the present application for showing the installation position of the limiter; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the position limiting member in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 3 of the present application; Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment 3 of the present application along the radial direction of the sleeve; Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of embodiment 3 of the present application along the axial direction of the sleeve.

[0029] Figure numerals: 1, vibration table; 2, test fixture; 21, horizontal plate; 22, vertical plate; 221, mounting hole; 222, connecting hole; 23, reinforcing plate; 3, counterweight plate; 31, perforation; 4, force sensor; 5, support plate; 51, support part; 511, slide groove; 52, connecting part; 521, plug hole; 522, avoidance hole; 523, mounting groove; 6, limit frame; 7, limit member; 71, insert strip; 711, bump; 72, limit strip; 8, adjustment component; 81 , guide rod; 82, first double-headed screw; 9, driving mechanism; 91, mounting plate; 911, slide bar; 912, rotating seat; 913, supporting seat; 92, sleeve; 93, worm; 94, worm wheel; 95, supporting assembly; 951, clamping block; 952, guide column; 953, second double-headed screw; 9531, rotating block; 10, first magnetic part; 11, second magnetic part; 12, bushing; 13, flat washer; 14, elastic washer; 15, bolt to be tested; 16, nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-10 This application is described in further detail.

[0031] Example 1 The present application discloses a bolt anti-loosening vibration test device. Figure 1 The bolt anti-loosening vibration test device includes a vibration table 1 and a test fixture 2 arranged on the top surface of the vibration table 1. A vibration controller is arranged on one side of the vibration table 1 to control the vibration of the vibration table 1. The vibration conditions of the test are fixed frequency 100Hz, acceleration amplitude 3g, and vibration time 5min.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the test fixture 2 includes a horizontal plate 21, a vertical plate 22 and a reinforcing plate 23. The horizontal plate 21 is arranged horizontally; the vertical plate 22 is vertically fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal plate 21; the reinforcing plate 23 is a triangular plate, and two reinforcing plates 23 are provided. The reinforcing plates 23 are fixedly connected between the horizontal plate 21 and the vertical plate 22, thereby improving the overall strength. The horizontal plate 21 is provided with a plurality of circular holes, which facilitate the test fixture 2 to be fixedly connected to the vibration table 1 by bolts; the vertical plate 22 is provided with mounting holes 221 for the bolts 15 to be tested to pass through, and the mounting holes 221 are provided in plurality and arranged in an array. Therefore, when the vibration table 1 vibrates, the test fixture 2 can be driven to vibrate, thereby causing the bolts 15 to be tested installed on the test fixture 2 to vibrate. The mounting hole 221 is a waist-shaped hole, and the diameter of the arc section of the mounting hole 221 is larger than the rod diameter of the screw section of the bolt 15 to be tested. Therefore, after the bolt 15 to be tested is installed in the mounting hole 221, the bolt 15 to be tested and the mounting hole 221 are not in direct contact, which can provide space for the loosening of the bolt 15 to be tested, and is conducive to the smooth drawing of the test curve graph.

[0033] Since the test fixture 2 and the vibration table 1 are detachably connected by bolts, it is convenient to replace different types of test fixtures 2. In this embodiment, the mounting hole 221 provided on the vertical plate 22 is a through hole. After the bolt 15 to be tested is inserted, one end of the bolt 15 to be tested that is inserted into the mounting hole 221 is screwed into the nut 16. After tightening the nut 16, the required pre-tightening force can be applied, thereby fixing the bolt 15 to be tested on the test fixture 2. In other embodiments, the mounting hole 221 on the test fixture 2 can be set as a threaded hole, or a wire screw sleeve can be set in the mounting hole 221. At this time, it is not necessary to screw the nut 16 in. It is only necessary to screw the bolt 15 to be tested into the threaded hole or the wire screw sleeve and tighten it, so that the required pre-tightening force can be applied to the bolt 15 to be tested, so as to carry out subsequent tests. Therefore, by replacing different test fixtures 2, tests under different tightening conditions can be carried out, making the device more applicable.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A force sensor 4 is arranged between the head of the bolt 15 to be tested and the vertical plate 22, and the force sensor 4 is sleeved on the outside of the bolt 15 to be tested. A bushing 12 is arranged on the side of the force sensor 4 away from the vertical plate 22, and the bushing 12 is sleeved on the outside of the bolt 15 to be tested. The two ends of the bushing 12 are respectively against the force sensor 4 and the head of the bolt 15 to be tested. The bushing 12 can play a role in connection and force transmission, so as to avoid directly crushing the force sensor 4 when the pre-tightening force is applied to the bolt 15 to be tested. A data acquisition instrument is arranged on one side of the vibration table 1, and the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to the force sensor 4, so that the data acquisition instrument can collect the pre-tightening force detected by the force sensor 4 and automatically draw a curve chart of the pre-tightening force changing with time.

[0035] An acceleration sensor is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 22. A plurality of acceleration sensors are provided. The number of acceleration sensors is the same as the number of mounting holes 221. Each acceleration sensor corresponds to a mounting hole 221. The acceleration sensor is provided beside the corresponding mounting hole 221. The acceleration sensor is electrically connected to the vibration controller. Therefore, after the acceleration sensor detects the acceleration of the bolt 15 to be tested, the vibration controller can adjust the acceleration until the acceleration is adjusted to the required value for the test.

[0036] Reference Figure 2A counterweight plate 3 is also provided on the side of the vertical plate 22 away from the force sensor 4. A through hole 31 is provided on the counterweight plate 3 for the bolt 15 to be tested to pass through. The aperture of the through hole 31 is larger than the rod diameter of the screw section of the bolt 15 to be tested, so that after the bolt 15 to be tested is inserted, the bolt 15 to be tested does not directly contact the counterweight plate 3. The counterweight plate 3 is arranged on the outside of the bolt 15 to be tested, and the counterweight plate 3 is located between the vertical plate 22 and the nut 16. A flat washer 13 and an elastic washer 14 are also provided between the counterweight plate 3 and the nut 16. The flat washer 13 and the elastic washer 14 are both sleeved on the outside of the screw section of the bolt 15 to be tested, so that the connection between the nut 16 and the counterweight plate 3 can be tighter. The setting of the counterweight plate 3 makes the first-order natural frequency of the bolt fastening system within the test frequency range. Therefore, under vibration conditions, the nut 16 and the bolt 15 to be tested are more likely to loosen, thereby smoothly drawing the required curve graph.

[0037] The implementation principle of Example 1 is as follows: the test fixture 2 is fixedly connected to the vibration table 1, and then the bushing 12 and the force sensor 4 are inserted into the bolt 15 to be tested, and one end of the bolt 15 to be tested is passed out of the mounting hole 221; then the counterweight plate 3 is installed into one end of the bolt 15 to be tested that is inserted into the mounting hole 221, and then the flat gasket 13 and the elastic gasket 14 are installed in sequence, and then the nut 16 is screwed in and tightened. Then the force sensor 4 is connected to the data acquisition instrument and it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the acquisition system; the data acquisition instrument is balanced and reset to zero to collect data, and at this time, the nut 16 is driven to rotate by the torque wrench until the required preload is reached, and the preload deviation is within ±1%. Then the vibration conditions are input into the vibration controller: fixed frequency 100Hz, acceleration amplitude 3g, vibration time 5min, vibration direction is transverse to the bolt, that is, the vibration direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt 15 to be tested. After the vibration table 1 is started, the test fixture 2 can be used to vibrate the bolts 15 and nuts 16 to be tested, and then the preload force data curves of each bolt 15 to be tested are collected throughout the test. After the test, the test data is saved and the test bolts are visually inspected. Then, after the bolts 15 to be tested are removed, other types of bolts 15 to be tested are reinstalled, and the above steps are repeated to conduct tests of different types.

[0038] Example 2 Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, a support plate 5 is provided on the vertical plate 22. The support plate 5 includes a support portion 51 and a connection portion 52; the support portion 51 is plate-shaped, the plate surface of the support portion 51 is horizontal, and the support portion 51 is arranged along the width direction of the vertical plate 22; there are two connection portions 52, and the two connection portions 52 are respectively vertically fixedly connected to the two ends of the support portion 51, and the two connection portions 52 are located on the same side of the support portion 51. Both sides of the vertical plate 22 are provided with connection holes 222 for the connection portions 52 to be inserted, and the connection holes 222 are arranged in two rows at intervals along the height direction of the vertical plate 22, and each row includes two; therefore, after the two connection portions 52 are respectively inserted into the two connection holes 222, the support plate 5 can be fixedly connected to the test fixture 2. The length of the connecting portion 52 is greater than the depth of the connecting hole 222, and an insertion hole 521 is provided at one end of the connecting portion 52 that passes through the connecting hole 222; a limit member 7 is slidably inserted into the insertion hole 521, so that the limit member 7 can limit the sliding of the connecting portion 52, thereby preventing the connecting portion 52 from accidentally sliding out of the connecting hole 222, which helps to enhance the stability of the support plate 5 after installation.

[0039] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 A limit frame 6 is provided on the top surface of the support portion 51. A plurality of limit frames 6 are provided and are evenly spaced along the length direction of the support portion 51. Each limit frame 6 corresponds to a mounting hole 221. The limit frame 6 is provided with an opening on one side close to the vertical plate 22, and the limit frame 6 is abutted against the vertical plate 22 on one side close to the vertical plate 22, so that a gap is formed between the limit frame 6 and the vertical plate 22 for the counterweight plate 3 to be inserted. After the counterweight plate 3 is inserted from the gap, the bottom end of the counterweight plate 3 and the top wall of the support portion 51 can be abutted, so that the support portion 51 can support the counterweight plate 3, and the limit frame 6 can limit the position of the counterweight plate 3, so that in the subsequent process of rotating the nut 16, there is no need to hold the counterweight plate 3 with the hand all the time, which is more convenient.

[0040] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The limiting member 7 includes an inserting strip 71 and a limiting strip 72 arranged on the inserting strip 71. The inserting strip 71 and the limiting strip 72 are both arranged along the length direction of the support portion 51. The cross-sectional shape of the inserting strip 71 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the insertion hole 521. Therefore, the sliding of the connecting portion 52 can be limited by inserting the inserting strip 71 into the insertion hole 521. The limiting strip 72 is located above the inserting strip 71. Two limiting strips 72 are provided. The two limiting strips 72 are arranged parallel and spaced in the vertical direction. After the bolt 15 to be tested is inserted into the mounting hole 221, the hexagonal head of the bolt 15 to be tested can be located between the two limiting strips 72. The sides of the two limiting strips 72 that are close to each other are respectively pressed against the two side walls parallel to the hexagonal head of the bolt 15 to be tested. Therefore, the two limiting strips 72 can limit the rotation of the bolt 15 to be tested. Subsequently, only the nut 16 needs to be turned to lock it, which further simplifies the operation.

[0041] Reference Figure 7 , an adjustment assembly 8 for adjusting the spacing between the two limit bars 72 is provided between the two limit bars 72, and the adjustment assembly 8 includes a guide rod 81 and a first double-headed screw 82. The guide rod 81 and the first double-headed screw 82 are both vertically arranged and are respectively located at the two ends of the limit bar 72. The bottom end of the guide rod 81 is fixedly connected to the insertion bar 71; the ends of the two limit bars 72 are provided with guide holes, and the guide rod 81 is slidably inserted into the guide holes, so that the limit bar 72 and the guide rod 81 are slidably connected. The bottom end of the first double-headed screw 82 is rotatably connected to the insertion bar 71, and the threads at the two ends of the first double-headed screw 82 are in opposite directions; the ends of the two limit bars 72 are provided with threaded holes, and the threads of the two threaded holes are in opposite directions, and the two threaded holes are respectively adapted to the threads at the two ends of the first double-headed screw 82; the two ends of the first double-headed screw 82 are respectively threadedly connected to the threaded holes on the two limit bars 72. Therefore, under the limiting effect of the guide rod 81, the two limit bars 72 can be slid in opposite directions by rotating the first double-ended screw 82, and the distance between the two limit bars 72 can be adjusted to adapt to the different sizes of the tested bolts 15. Among them, the thread lead angle of the thread on the first double-ended screw 82 is less than the equivalent friction angle, so the first double-ended screw 82 has a self-locking ability.

[0042] Reference Figure 6 , wherein an avoidance hole 522 is opened on the connecting portion 52, and the avoidance hole 522 is connected to the insertion hole 521, so when the insertion strip 71 drives the limiting strip 72 to slide, the guide rod 81 and the first double-headed screw 82 arranged on the insertion strip 71 can slide into the avoidance hole 522, and the setting of the avoidance hole 522 enables the limiting member 7 to slide smoothly.

[0043] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7, one end of the insert 71 is fixedly connected with a protrusion 711, and a first magnetic member 10 is bonded and fixed to the protrusion 711. A mounting groove 523 is provided on a connecting portion 52 close to the protrusion 711, and a second magnetic member 11 is bonded in the mounting groove 523. The first magnetic member 10 and the second magnetic member 11 are both magnets, and the magnetic poles of the first magnetic member 10 and the second magnetic member 11 are opposite to each other. Therefore, after the two ends of the insert 71 are respectively inserted into the two plug holes 521, the first magnetic member 10 and the second magnetic member 11 can be attracted to each other, thereby improving the stability of the insert 71 after installation.

[0044] The implementation principle of Example 2 is as follows: insert the connection part 52 into the connection hole 222 at the bottom layer on the vertical plate 22, and make one side of the support part 51 abut against the vertical plate 22; then insert the insertion strip 71 into the insertion hole 521 on the connection part 52, and make the first magnetic member 10 and the second magnetic member 11 attract each other, so that the insertion strip 71 can limit the movement of the connection part 52, thereby fixing the connection part 52 and the support part 51 on the test fixture 2. Then the bolt 15 to be tested can be installed.

[0045] During installation, the counterweight plate 3 is first placed in the limit frame 6, and the bottom end of the counterweight plate 3 is abutted against the top wall of the support portion 51, so as to support and limit the counterweight plate 3; then one end of the bushing 12 is installed in the force sensor 4, and the force sensor 4 equipped with the bushing 12 is placed between the limit bar 72 and the vertical plate 22. Then, one end of the bolt 15 to be tested is passed through the force sensor 4 and the mounting hole 221 in turn, and the head of the bolt 15 to be tested is abutted against the bushing 12; at this time, the hexagonal head of the bolt 15 to be tested is located between the two limit bars 72, and the two limit bars 72 are respectively abutted against the upper and lower parallel side walls of the hexagonal head of the bolt 15 to be tested, so that the limit bar 72 can limit the rotation of the bolt 15 to be tested.

[0046] Then, the flat washer 13 and the elastic washer 14 are sequentially sleeved on one end of the bolt 15 to be tested that passes through the mounting hole 221, and then the nut 16 is screwed into the end of the bolt 15 to be tested, and the nut 16 is tightened by a torque wrench to apply the required pre-tightening force, thereby completing the installation of this bolt 15 to be tested. The installation process of other bolts 15 to be tested at the same height is the same as above. After completing the installation of each bolt 15 to be tested in turn, the insert 71 is slid outward, and then the connecting part 52 is slid out of the connecting hole 222, so that the insert 71 and the support plate 5 are removed from the test fixture 2. Then, the connecting part 52 can be inserted into the connecting hole 222 of a higher layer, and then the insert 71 can be inserted into the plug hole 521 on the connecting part 52, so that the support plate 5 is fixed to one side of the mounting hole 221 of a higher layer, so as to facilitate the installation of the bolts 15 to be tested at this layer. After completing the installation of each bolt 15 to be tested, the insert 71 and the connecting portion 52 are pulled out, and then the insert 71 and the support plate 5 are removed, and then the vibration table 1 can be turned on to perform a vibration test, detect and draw a curve chart of the change of preload force over time.

[0047] After the test is completed, the vibration of the vibration table 1 can be stopped, and then the connecting part 52 is reinserted into the connecting hole 222, and the inserting strip 71 is inserted into the inserting hole 521 on the connecting part 52 to fix the support plate 5; then the nut 16 is rotated and removed, and then the flat gasket 13 and the elastic gasket 14 are removed, and then the bolt 15 to be tested, the bushing 12 and the force sensor 4 are removed, and then the next bolt 15 to be tested is replaced and reinstalled. At this time, the counterweight plate 3 can be kept in the current position without disassembly, thereby further simplifying the operations during installation and disassembly.

[0048] Example 3 Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in this embodiment, a driving mechanism 9 is provided on the support portion 51, and the driving mechanism 9 includes a mounting plate 91, a sleeve 92, a worm 93, a worm wheel 94 and a support assembly 95. The plate surface of the mounting plate 91 is parallel to the top surface of the support portion 51, and the mounting plate 91 is arranged along the length direction of the support portion 51, and the mounting plate 91 is arranged above the support portion 51. The bottom walls at both ends of the mounting plate 91 are fixedly connected with a slide bar 911, and the slide bar 911 is arranged along the hole depth direction of the mounting hole 221; a slide groove 511 is provided on the top wall of the support portion 51, and the slide groove 511 and the slide bar 911 are slidably connected, so that the mounting plate 91 can be slid into the top of the support portion 51.

[0049] There are multiple sleeves 92 and they are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the length direction of the mounting plate 91; the sleeve 92 is a cylinder, and the axis of the sleeve 92 is parallel to the depth direction of the mounting hole 221. The mounting plate 91 is fixedly connected with a rotating seat 912, and there are two rotating seats 912 corresponding to each sleeve 92; the two rotating seats 912 are respectively located at the two ends of the sleeve 92, and the outer wall of the sleeve 92 and the rotating seat 912 are rotatably connected, so that the sleeve 92 is rotatably set on the mounting plate 91. Both ends of the mounting plate 91 are fixedly connected with support seats 913, and both ends of the worm 93 are rotatably connected to the two support seats 913 respectively; the worm 93 is arranged along the length direction of the mounting plate 91, and a handle is arranged at one end of the worm 93. There are multiple worm wheels 94, each of which corresponds to a sleeve 92, and the worm wheel 94 is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 92. The worm wheel 94 and the worm 93 are meshed, so when the worm 93 rotates, the worm wheel 94 can be driven to rotate, and the worm wheel 94 drives the sleeve 92 to rotate, so that multiple sleeves 92 can rotate synchronously. Among them, the helix lead angle of the worm 93 is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the meshing teeth of the worm 93 and the worm wheel 94, so the worm 93 has a self-locking ability.

[0050] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , the support assembly 95 is arranged in the sleeve 92, and the support assembly 95 includes a clamping block 951, a guide column 952 and a second double-headed screw 953. The clamping block 951 is arranged inside the sleeve 92, and two clamping blocks 951 are provided, and the end faces of the two clamping blocks 951 on one side close to each other are arranged in parallel; when the hexagonal nut 16 is located inside the sleeve 92, the sides of the two clamping blocks 951 close to each other respectively abut against the two parallel side walls on the nut 16, so that the nut 16 can be driven to rotate when the sleeve 92 rotates. The guide column 952 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 92, and the length direction of the guide column 952 is perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve 92. A circular hole is opened on the clamping block 951, and the guide column 952 is slidably penetrated into the circular hole. The second double-headed screw 953 and the guide column 952 are arranged in parallel, and the second double-headed screw 953 is rotatably arranged in the sleeve 92, and the threads at both ends of the second double-headed screw 953 are in opposite directions; threaded holes are provided on both clamping blocks 951, and the two ends of the second double-headed screw 953 are respectively threadedly connected with the threaded holes on the two clamping blocks 951. Therefore, under the limiting effect of the guide column 952, the second double-headed screw 953 can be rotated to make the two clamping blocks 951 slide in the opposite direction, thereby adjusting the distance between the parallel end faces of the two clamping blocks 951, so as to adapt to nuts 16 of different sizes. Among them, the thread lead angle of the second double-headed screw 953 is less than the equivalent friction angle, so the second double-headed screw 953 has self-locking ability.

[0051] One end of the second double-headed screw 953 passes through the sleeve 92 , and the end of the second double-headed screw 953 passing through the sleeve 92 is fixedly connected to a rotating block 9531 , thereby facilitating the rotation of the second double-headed screw 953 .

[0052] The implementation principle of Example 3 is as follows: insert the connecting part 52 into the connecting hole 222, and insert the inserting strip 71 into the inserting hole 521 on the connecting part 52, so as to fix the support plate 5 on the test fixture 2. Then, insert the counterweight plate 3 from the limiting frame 6, and make the bottom wall of the counterweight plate 3 and the top wall of the support part 51 abut against each other; then place the bushing 12 and the force sensor 4 between the limiting strip 72 and the vertical plate 22, and then insert the bolt 15 to be tested from the bushing 12 and the force sensor 4, and make the end of the bolt 15 to be tested pass through the mounting hole 221; then, sleeve the flat gasket 13 and the elastic gasket 14 on the outside of the bolt 15 to be tested, and then preliminarily screw the nut 16 into the end of the bolt 15 to be tested. Repeat the above operation until each bolt 15 and nut 16 to be tested at the same height are preliminarily installed.

[0053] Then, the slide groove 511 on the mounting plate 91 is aligned with the slide bar 911 on the support part 51, and the mounting plate 91 is slid toward the side close to the vertical plate 22. When the mounting plate 91 slides, the sleeve 92 is driven to slide until the sleeve 92 slides to the outside of the end of the bolt 15 to be tested. At this time, the nut 16 on the bolt 15 to be tested is located between the two clamping blocks 951 inside the sleeve 92, and the parallel end faces on the two clamping blocks 951 are respectively against the two parallel side walls of the nut 16. Then, the worm 93 is rotated, the worm 93 drives the worm wheel 94 to rotate, the worm wheel 94 drives the sleeve 92 to rotate, and the sleeve 92 drives the corresponding nut 16 to rotate, so that multiple nuts 16 can rotate at the same time; while rotating, the nut 16 can slide relative to the sleeve 92 along the axial direction of the sleeve 92, so that multiple nuts 16 are screwed into the bolt 15 to be tested at the same time, until the worm 93 cannot rotate; at this time, each nut 16 is located near the corresponding elastic washer 14.

[0054] Then, slide the mounting plate 91 out to the outside of the supporting portion 51 so that the sleeve 92 is away from the nut 16 , and then tighten each nut 16 in turn using a torque wrench to apply a required pre-tightening force to each nut 16 .

[0055] After the test is completed, the nut 16 can be loosened with a wrench so that each nut 16 is in a corresponding state with the parallel end surface between the two clamping blocks 951 in the corresponding sleeve 92, and then the mounting plate 91 is slid to the top of the support portion 51 again, and the sleeve 92 is located outside the corresponding nut 16. Then, the worm 93 is rotated, and the sleeve 92 can be driven to rotate through the worm gear 94, thereby driving multiple nuts 16 to rotate, and the nuts 16 are quickly disassembled.

[0056] Therefore, the provision of the driving mechanism 9 further simplifies the installation process before the test and the operation during the disassembly process after the test, which helps to improve work efficiency.

[0057] The above are optional embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device, It is characterized in that include: Vibration table (1); A test fixture (2) is detachably connected to the vibration table (1), and a mounting hole (221) is provided on the test fixture (2) for the bolt (15) to be tested to pass through, and side walls at both ends of the mounting hole (221) respectively abut against the head of the bolt (15) to be tested and a nut (16) threadedly connected to the bolt (15) to be tested; A counterweight plate (3), the counterweight plate (3) being provided with a through hole (31) for the bolt (15) to be tested to pass through, the counterweight plate (3) being located between the test fixture (2) and the nut (16); A force sensor (4), the force sensor (4) being sleeved on the outside of the bolt to be tested (15), the force sensor (4) being located between the test fixture (2) and the head of the bolt to be tested (15), and being used to detect the pre-tightening force of the bolt to be tested (15); A data acquisition instrument is arranged on one side of the vibration table (1), the data acquisition instrument being electrically connected to the force sensor (4) and being used to acquire the pre-tightening force of the bolt (15) to be tested detected by the force sensor (4).

2. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 1, Features: The mounting hole (221) is a threaded hole, and the mounting hole (221) is used for threaded connection with the bolt (15) to be tested.

3. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 1, Features: A wire thread sleeve is provided in the mounting hole (221), and the wire thread sleeve is used for threaded connection with the bolt (15) to be tested.

4. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 1, Features: The test fixture (2) is provided with a support plate (5), the support plate (5) comprising a support portion (51) and connection portions (52) fixedly connected to both ends of the support portion (51), a limit frame (6) is provided on the support portion (51), a gap for inserting the counterweight plate (3) is formed between the limit frame (6) and the test fixture (2), a connection hole (222) for inserting the connection portion (52) is provided on the test fixture (2), one end of the connection portion (52) away from the support portion (51) passes through the connection hole (222), an insertion hole (521) is provided on the end of the connection portion (52) passing through the connection hole (222), and a limit member (7) is inserted into the insertion hole (521).

5. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 4, Features: The limiting member (7) comprises an inserting strip (71) and a limiting strip (72) connected to the inserting strip (71); the inserting strip (71) and the limiting strip (72) are both arranged along the length direction of the support portion (51); two ends of the inserting strip (71) are respectively inserted into the insertion holes (521) on the two connecting portions (52); two limiting strips (72) are provided and arranged in parallel at intervals; a gap between the two limiting strips (72) is used to accommodate the head of the bolt (15) to be tested; and the sides of the two limiting strips (72) close to each other are used to abut against the head of the bolt (15) to be tested.

6. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 5, Features: An adjustment component (8) is arranged between the two limit bars (72), and the adjustment component (8) comprises a guide rod (81) and a first double-headed screw (82) arranged in parallel, the guide rod (81) being vertically fixedly connected to the insertion bar (71), the two limit bars (72) being slidably connected to the guide rod (81), the first double-headed screw (82) being rotatably connected to the insertion bar (71), the screw threads at both ends of the first double-headed screw (82) being in opposite directions, and the two limit bars (72) being respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the first double-headed screw (82).

7. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 6, Features: The insert strip (71) is provided with a first magnetic component (10), and the connecting portion (52) is provided with a second magnetic component (11) for attracting the first magnetic component (10).

8. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 5, Features: The support portion (51) is provided with a driving mechanism (9), the driving mechanism (9) comprising a mounting plate (91), a sleeve (92), a worm (93), a worm wheel (94) and a support assembly (95); the mounting plate (91) is slidably connected to the support portion (51) along the hole depth direction of the mounting hole (221); a plurality of sleeves (92) are provided and arranged in parallel and spaced relation; the sleeves (92) and the worm (93) are both rotatably arranged on the mounting plate (91). The axis of the sleeve (92) is parallel to the hole depth direction of the mounting hole (221), the axis of the worm (93) is perpendicular to the hole depth direction of the mounting hole (221), the worm wheel (94) is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve (92), the worm wheel (94) and the worm (93) are meshed, and the support assembly (95) is arranged in the sleeve (92), and the support assembly (95) is used to press against both sides of the head of the bolt (15) to be tested in the sleeve (92).

9. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 8, Features: The support assembly (95) comprises a clamping block (951) and a second double-headed screw (953); the clamping block (951) is slidably arranged in the sleeve (92) along the radial direction of the sleeve (92); two clamping blocks (951) are provided, and the end surfaces of the two clamping blocks (951) are parallel to each other on one side close to each other; the threads of the two ends of the second double-headed screw (953) are in opposite directions; the second double-headed screw (953) is rotatably arranged on the sleeve (92), and the two clamping blocks (951) are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the second double-headed screw (953).

10. A bolt anti-loosening vibration test device according to claim 9, Features: A rotating block (9531) is provided at the end of the second double-headed screw (953).

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