Organic chemical fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an organic chemical fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of organic chemical fertilizers. The organic chemical fertilizer for preventing and treating the asparagus stem blight is prepared from, by weight, 50 parts of organic matter base materials, 15 parts of natural mineral substances, 8 parts of microbial agents, 4 parts of plant extracts, 2 parts of stabilizers and 1 part of growth promoting factors, and the organic matter base materials are prepared from, by weight, 30 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 15 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of straw powder. The organic matter base material is used for providing rich nutritional ingredients, improving the soil structure, increasing the soil organic matter content and enhancing the soil microbial activity. The microencapsulation technology is adopted to wrap the microbial agent, so that the activity of the microbial agent is effectively protected, the influence of competition of other microorganisms and environmental factors on the microbial agent in soil is reduced, and the effectiveness of the microbial agent is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The basic structure of organic fertilizers is mainly composed of organic base materials, natural minerals, microbial agents and plant extracts. First of all, the organic base material provides rich nutrients, improves the physical structure of the soil, and promotes the development of the plant's root system. Natural minerals, such as calcium phosphate and magnesium sulfate, can provide asparagus with the mineral elements required for growth and enhance the plant's disease resistance. In addition, microbial agents (such as Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, etc.) form biological barriers by colonizing in the rhizosphere to inhibit the infection of pathogens. At the same time, plant extracts contain antibacterial active ingredients that can directly inhibit the reproduction of pathogens, thereby reducing the occurrence of asparagus stem blight.

[0003] Although this organic fertilizer has shown some effectiveness in preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight, it still has some drawbacks. The activity of microbial agents may be affected by competition from other microorganisms in the soil and environmental conditions, resulting in less than expected results in actual applications. The production cost of organic fertilizers is high, and the application process may be complicated, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion and application. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the activity of microbial agents may be affected by the competition of other microorganisms in the soil and environmental conditions, resulting in their effects being less than expected in actual applications; the production cost of organic fertilizers is high, and the application process may be complicated, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion and application.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] Organic base material: 50 parts, natural minerals: 15 parts, microbial agents: 8 parts, plant extracts: 4 parts, stabilizers: 2 parts, growth promoting factors: 1 part;

[0009] The organic base material is 30 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 15 parts of humic acid, and 5 parts of straw powder. The organic base material is used to provide rich nutrients, improve soil structure, increase soil organic matter content, and enhance soil microbial activity.

[0010] The natural minerals are 7 parts of calcium phosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 4 parts of silicate. The natural minerals are used to provide the asparagus with the necessary mineral elements and enhance the plant's disease resistance.

[0011] The microbial agents include 3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 2 parts of Trichoderma. The microbial agents inhibit pathogens and promote the healthy growth of asparagus through competitive exclusion and the formation of biological barriers.

[0012] The plant extracts are 2 parts of matrine extract and 2 parts of houttuynia cordata extract. The plant extracts are rich in antibacterial active ingredients, which can directly inhibit the reproduction of pathogens and reduce diseases.

[0013] The stabilizer is 1 part of polyethylene glycol and 1 part of starch. The stabilizer is used to protect the microbial agent, prolong its active time in the soil, and ensure its efficacy after application.

[0014] The growth-promoting factors are 0.5 parts of gibberellins and 0.5 parts of indoleacetic acid. The growth-promoting factors help to promote the growth and development of asparagus and increase crop yield.

[0015] Preferably, the microbial agent is processed by encapsulation or microencapsulation technology during the preparation process to ensure the survival rate and activity of the microbial agent in the soil to avoid it being affected by competition from other microorganisms in the soil and environmental conditions.

[0016] Preferably, the organic fertilizer is applied to the asparagus planting field at a dosage of 500-1000 kg per hectare, and is applied every 30-45 days during the growing season to achieve the best control effect.

[0017] A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, selecting decomposed chicken manure, humic acid and straw powder as organic base materials, mixing them in a weight ratio of 30:15:5 to obtain an organic base material mixture;

[0019] S2, performing preliminary composting fermentation on the organic base material mixture, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 55-65° C. for 7-10 days;

[0020] S3, performing secondary aerobic fermentation on the fermented organic base material, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 45-55° C. for 15-20 days, and obtaining the treated organic base material after the fermentation is completed;

[0021] S4, mixing calcium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and silicate in a weight ratio of 7:4:4, adding the mixture to the treated organic base material, and stirring evenly to obtain a mineral-fortified base material;

[0022] S5, selecting Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma as microbial agents, mixing them in a weight ratio of 3:3:2, and encapsulating the mixed microbial agent through a microencapsulation technology to obtain an encapsulated microbial agent;

[0023] S6, evenly mixing the wrapped microbial agent into the mineral-fortified base material, stirring evenly, to obtain a preliminary mixture;

[0024] S7, selecting matrine extract and houttuynia cordata extract as plant extracts, mixing them in a weight ratio of 2:2, and preparing a powdered plant extract by a spray drying process;

[0025] S8, mixing the powdered plant extract with polyethylene glycol and starch in a weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture of a stabilizer and the plant extract;

[0026] S9, adding the mixture of the stabilizer and the plant extract evenly to the preliminary mixture, stirring evenly, to obtain a stable fertilizer mixture;

[0027] S10, selecting gibberellin and indoleacetic acid as growth-promoting factors, mixing them in a weight ratio of 0.5:0.5, and evenly adding them to a stable fertilizer mixture to obtain a final organic fertilizer;

[0028] S11, drying the final organic fertilizer to make its moisture content less than 10%;

[0029] S12, packaging the dried organic fertilizer to obtain finished organic fertilizer.

[0030] Preferably, the microencapsulation technology adopts emulsification-spray drying method, and the encapsulation material is polylactic acid to enhance the survival rate and activity of microbial agents in the soil. During the primary composting fermentation and secondary aerobic fermentation, the compost is turned every 48 hours to ensure the uniformity and sufficiency of the fermentation.

[0031] Preferably, lime accounting for 1% by weight of the organic base material is added during the secondary aerobic fermentation process to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5. Lime accounting for 1% by weight of the organic base material is added during the secondary aerobic fermentation process to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5.

[0032] Preferably, during the fermentation process, the humidity of the organic base material mixture is maintained at 60-70% to promote the rapid degradation and conversion of organic matter. After adding the encapsulated microbial agent, the mineral-fortified base material is left to mature for 5-7 days to improve the fusion degree of the microbial agent and the base material.

[0033] Preferably, the drying treatment of the fertilizer adopts low-temperature drying technology, and the temperature is controlled at 40-50°C to retain the activity of the microbial agent. The packaging of the finished organic fertilizer adopts vacuum packaging to extend the shelf life of the product. The gibberellins and indoleacetic acid are dissolved in distilled water into a uniform solution before adding to ensure their uniform distribution in the fertilizer. The final organic fertilizer has a particle diameter of 2-4 mm to ensure uniformity and efficiency during application.

[0034] (III) Beneficial effects

[0035] The present invention provides an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] By using microencapsulation technology to encapsulate the microbial agents, the activity of the microbial agents is effectively protected, and the competition from other microorganisms and environmental factors in the soil is reduced, thereby improving the effectiveness of the agents and ensuring the stable prevention and control effect of chemical fertilizers in actual applications. In addition, through the reasonable combination of organic base materials, natural minerals, plant extracts and growth factors, comprehensive nutritional support is provided, which enhances the disease resistance of asparagus plants and promotes their healthy growth.

[0037] The present invention optimizes the preparation process of organic fertilizers. Through the integrated application of fermentation, microencapsulation, spray drying and low-temperature drying processes, the production cost is reduced and the application process is simplified, making the fertilizer suitable for large-scale promotion and application. The use of vacuum packaging and granulation processing prolongs the shelf life of the product, improves the uniformity and efficiency of application, and further enhances the practical application value of the fertilizer in preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight, which is composed of the following components in parts by weight:

[0041] Organic base material: 50 parts, natural minerals: 15 parts, microbial agents: 8 parts, plant extracts: 4 parts, stabilizers: 2 parts, growth promoting factors: 1 part.

[0042] The organic base material is 30 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 15 parts of humic acid, and 5 parts of straw powder. The organic base material is used to provide rich nutrients, improve soil structure, increase soil organic matter content, and enhance soil microbial activity.

[0043] The natural minerals are 7 parts of calcium phosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 4 parts of silicate. The natural minerals are used to provide asparagus with necessary mineral elements and enhance the disease resistance of the plant. When used, organic fertilizers are applied to asparagus planting fields at a dosage of 500-1000 kg per hectare and applied every 30-45 days during the growing season to achieve the best prevention and control effect.

[0044] The microbial agent is 3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 2 parts of Trichoderma. The microbial agent inhibits pathogens and promotes the healthy growth of asparagus through competitive exclusion and the formation of biological barriers. The microbial agent is processed through encapsulation or microencapsulation technology during the preparation process to ensure the survival rate and activity of the microbial agent in the soil to avoid it being affected by competition from other microorganisms in the soil and environmental conditions.

[0045] The plant extracts are 2 parts of matrine extract and 2 parts of houttuynia cordata extract. The plant extracts are rich in antibacterial active ingredients, which can directly inhibit the reproduction of pathogens and reduce diseases.

[0046] The stabilizer is 1 part of polyethylene glycol and 1 part of starch. The stabilizer is used to protect the microbial agent, prolong its active time in the soil, and ensure its efficacy after application.

[0047] The growth-promoting factors are 0.5 parts of gibberellins and 0.5 parts of indoleacetic acid. The growth-promoting factors help to promote the growth and development of asparagus and increase crop yield.

[0048] A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, selecting decomposed chicken manure, humic acid and straw powder as organic base materials, mixing them in a weight ratio of 30:15:5 to obtain an organic base material mixture;

[0050] S2, performing preliminary composting fermentation on the organic base material mixture, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 55-65° C. for 7-10 days;

[0051] S3, performing secondary aerobic fermentation on the fermented organic base material, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 45-55° C. for 15-20 days, and obtaining the treated organic base material after the fermentation is completed;

[0052] S4, mixing calcium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and silicate in a weight ratio of 7:4:4, adding the mixture to the treated organic base material, and stirring evenly to obtain a mineral-fortified base material;

[0053] S5. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma are selected as microbial agents, and they are mixed in a weight ratio of 3:3:2. The mixed microbial agents are encapsulated by microencapsulation technology to obtain encapsulated microbial agents. The microencapsulation technology adopts an emulsification-spray drying method, and the encapsulation material is polylactic acid to enhance the survival rate and activity of the microbial agents in the soil. During the initial composting fermentation and the secondary aerobic fermentation, the compost is turned every 48 hours to ensure the uniformity and sufficiency of the fermentation. During the secondary aerobic fermentation, lime accounting for 1% of the weight of the organic base material is added to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5. During the secondary aerobic fermentation, lime accounting for 1% of the weight of the organic base material is added to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5;

[0054] S6. Evenly mix the encapsulated microbial agent into the base material fortified with minerals, stir evenly, and obtain a preliminary mixture. During the fermentation process, the humidity of the organic base material mixture is maintained at 60-70% to promote the rapid degradation and conversion of organic matter. After adding the encapsulated microbial agent, the base material fortified with minerals is left to stand and mature for 5-7 days to improve the fusion degree of the microbial agent and the base material.

[0055] S7, selecting matrine extract and houttuynia cordata extract as plant extracts, mixing them in a weight ratio of 2:2, and preparing a powdered plant extract by a spray drying process;

[0056] S8, mixing the powdered plant extract with polyethylene glycol and starch in a weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture of a stabilizer and the plant extract;

[0057] S9, adding the mixture of the stabilizer and the plant extract evenly to the preliminary mixture, stirring evenly, to obtain a stable fertilizer mixture;

[0058] S10, selecting gibberellin and indoleacetic acid as growth-promoting factors, mixing them in a weight ratio of 0.5:0.5, and evenly adding them to a stable fertilizer mixture to obtain a final organic fertilizer;

[0059] S11. Drying the final organic fertilizer to make its moisture content less than 10%. The drying of the fertilizer adopts low-temperature drying technology, and the temperature is controlled at 40-50° C. to retain the activity of the microbial agent. The finished organic fertilizer is packaged in a vacuum package to extend the shelf life of the product. Gibberellic acid and indoleacetic acid are dissolved in distilled water into a uniform solution before adding to ensure their uniform distribution in the fertilizer. The final particle diameter of the organic fertilizer is 2-4 mm to ensure uniformity and efficiency during application;

[0060] S12, packaging the dried organic fertilizer to obtain finished organic fertilizer.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight, characterized in that: It is composed of the following components in parts by weight: Organic base material: 50 parts, natural minerals: 15 parts, microbial agents: 8 parts, plant extracts: 4 parts, stabilizers: 2 parts, growth promoting factors: 1 part; The organic base material is composed of 30 parts of decomposed chicken manure, 15 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of straw powder. Natural minerals are 7 parts calcium phosphate, 4 parts magnesium sulfate, and 4 parts silicate; The microbial agents are 3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 2 parts of Trichoderma; The plant extracts are matrine extract: 2 parts, houttuynia cordata extract: 2 parts; The stabilizer is polyethylene glycol: 1 part, starch: 1 part; The growth promoting factors are gibberellin: 0.5 parts and indoleacetic acid: 0.5 parts.

2. The organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent is processed by encapsulation or microencapsulation technology during the preparation process to ensure the survival rate and activity of the microbial agent in the soil.

3. The organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is applied to the asparagus planting field at a dosage of 500-1000 kg per hectare and is applied once every 30-45 days during the growing season to achieve the best prevention and control effect.

4. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, selecting decomposed chicken manure, humic acid and straw powder as organic base materials, mixing them in a weight ratio of 30:15:5 to obtain an organic base material mixture; S2, performing preliminary composting fermentation on the organic base material mixture, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 55-65° C. for 7-10 days; S3, performing secondary aerobic fermentation on the fermented organic base material, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 45-55° C. for 15-20 days, and obtaining the treated organic base material after the fermentation is completed; S4, mixing calcium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and silicate in a weight ratio of 7:4:4, adding the mixture to the treated organic base material, and stirring evenly to obtain a mineral-fortified base material; S5, selecting Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma as microbial agents, mixing them in a weight ratio of 3:3:2, and encapsulating the mixed microbial agent through a microencapsulation technology to obtain an encapsulated microbial agent; S6, evenly mixing the wrapped microbial agent into the mineral-fortified base material, stirring evenly to obtain a preliminary mixture; S7, selecting matrine extract and houttuynia cordata extract as plant extracts, mixing them in a weight ratio of 2:2, and preparing a powdered plant extract by a spray drying process; S8, mixing the powdered plant extract with polyethylene glycol and starch in a weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture of a stabilizer and the plant extract; S9, adding the mixture of the stabilizer and the plant extract evenly to the preliminary mixture, stirring evenly, to obtain a stable fertilizer mixture; S10, selecting gibberellin and indoleacetic acid as growth-promoting factors, mixing them in a weight ratio of 0.5:0.5, and evenly adding them to a stable fertilizer mixture to obtain a final organic fertilizer; S11, drying the final organic fertilizer to make its moisture content less than 10%; S12, packaging the dried organic fertilizer to obtain finished organic fertilizer.

5. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microencapsulation technology adopts emulsification-spray drying method, and the encapsulation material is polylactic acid to enhance the survival rate and activity of microbial agents in the soil. During the initial composting fermentation and secondary aerobic fermentation, the compost is turned every 48 hours to ensure the uniformity and sufficiency of the fermentation.

6. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the secondary aerobic fermentation, 1% of the weight of the organic base material is added with lime to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.

5. During the secondary aerobic fermentation, 1% of the weight of the organic base material is added with lime to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.

5.

7. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the fermentation process, the humidity of the organic base material mixture is maintained at 60-70% to promote the rapid degradation and transformation of organic matter. After adding the encapsulated microbial agent, the mineral-fortified base material is left to mature for 5-7 days to improve the fusion degree of the microbial agent and the base material.

8. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fertilizer is dried using low-temperature drying technology, and the temperature is controlled at 40-50°C to retain the activity of the microbial agent. The finished organic fertilizer is packaged in vacuum packaging to extend the shelf life of the product. The gibberellins and indoleacetic acid are dissolved in distilled water into a uniform solution before adding to ensure their uniform distribution in the fertilizer. The final organic fertilizer has a particle diameter of 2-4 mm to ensure uniformity and efficiency during application.

Images