Fluidized bed reaction system for silicon-carbon negative electrode material

Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system, and relates to the technical field of fluidized bed equipment. Comprising a raw material conveying system, a fluidized bed reactor, a high-temperature discharging system, a process gas inlet pipeline and a protection system. According to the scheme, the uniformity and safety of the fluidization reaction can be improved, and the working efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluidized bed equipment, and in particular to a silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system. Background Art

[0002] The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reactor uses porous carbon as raw material. Through the full fluidization of the material in the fluidized bed reactor and the high-temperature cracking of silane gas, amorphous silicon is generated in the porous carbon pores, and finally a new type of negative electrode material combined with silicon and carbon is realized; fluidized bed reactors mostly adopt a slender cylindrical structure, arranged vertically, and realize the fluidization of materials and the cracking and deposition of process gases by bottom air intake and side wall heating. However, the existing fluidized beds generally have the following disadvantages:

[0003] 1) The automation level of raw material feeding is low, and there are residual materials in the feeding, which cannot guarantee the accurate feeding amount; fluidized bed reactors usually use vacuum feeding or other manual feeding methods to realize material feeding. The former method often leaves residual materials in the pipeline and the cavity of the vacuum feeding equipment, and accurate metering cannot be achieved; the latter manual feeding method has a low degree of automation, and the fluidized bed reactor is a high-temperature equipment, and the internal process gas is flammable and explosive, which is not conducive to safe operation. In addition, the use of vacuum feeding and manual feeding methods has high requirements for the environment around the reactor, and it is easy to introduce foreign matter in the space during the feeding process. Silicon-carbon negative electrode materials are mainly used in the battery industry, and the introduction of foreign matter is strictly controlled, which is not conducive to the control of the quality of finished materials.

[0004] 2) Fluidization of fluidized bed reactor is uneven, stirring device is easy to cause particle destruction of materials, process gas utilization rate is low, pressure difference of gas-solid separation device is high, filter element is easy to be clogged; Most fluidized bed reactors use single or multi-point air intake at the bottom to achieve fluidization of powder materials. Single / multi-point air intake makes the material near the air intake point have better fluidization, and the material far from the air intake point has poor fluidization. Therefore, the above structure often needs to be matched with a high-speed strong stirring device for sufficient stirring of powder materials. However, silicon-carbon negative electrode usually uses lightweight porous carbon raw materials. Under the high shear force of the strong stirring device, it is easy to cause material destruction, which is not conducive to process molding; single / multi-point air intake brings a higher material fluidization speed. When the equipment height is fixed, the time for the process gas to move along the bed height is reduced, which is easy to cause problems such as insufficient reaction and low process gas utilization efficiency. At the same time, a higher flow rate will make the material easier to adsorb and penetrate the filter element, causing filter element clogging and material waste;

[0005] 3) It is impossible to achieve high-temperature discharge of finished materials, the process time is long, and the efficiency is low; after the process is completed, the material temperature in the fluidized bed reactor is basically maintained at 500°C, and the conventionally configured pipelines and valves cannot meet the temperature resistance requirements. Therefore, the material needs to be cooled in the fluidized bed reactor before subsequent discharge. The overall process time is long, the fluidized bed reactor needs to be heated up and then cooled down, and the overall efficiency is low.

[0006] 4) The fluidization state inside the fluidized bed reactor cannot be determined; because the fluidized bed reactor is in a gas-solid two-phase flow state, and the reactor is a high-temperature closed container structure, it is impossible to effectively monitor and determine the fluidization state of the material in the reactor. Usually, the rated fluidizing gas pressure and finished product material detection are combined for judgment, and most of the judgments are based on experience without effective basis. If the fluidization state cannot be judged, the finished product qualification rate of the fluidized bed reactor cannot be effectively controlled.

[0007] 5) The safety performance is not high; the fluidized bed reactor is a high-temperature container. Due to the flammable and explosive nature of the gas during the process, the fluidized bed reactor has the risk of implosion. The current configuration cannot meet the safety performance requirements. Summary of the invention

[0008] The invention discloses a silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0009] The present invention adopts the following scheme:

[0010] A silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system comprises: a raw material conveying system, a fluidized bed reactor, a high-temperature discharge system, a process gas inlet pipeline, and a protection system; wherein:

[0011] The raw material conveying system comprises a raw material conveying tank, an air intake system and a conveying pipeline connected to the raw material conveying tank, the other end of the conveying pipeline is connected to the fluidized bed reactor, and the air intake system is suitable for conveying the material in the raw material conveying tank to the fluidized bed reactor by positive pressure conveying;

[0012] The fluidized bed reactor comprises a bottom fluidizing device, a split fluidizing reaction area, and a gas-solid separation device, wherein the bottom fluidizing device is provided with a fluidizing disk made of a porous sintered plate to convert multi-point air intake into a uniform plane air outlet mode, thereby improving the uniformity of powder fluidization, and a plurality of inclined air inlets are provided on the peripheral side of the fluidizing disk to form an ascending swirling gas above the fluidizing disk, thereby improving the fluidization efficiency; the split fluidizing reaction area is provided above the bottom fluidizing device, and adopts a multi-stage variable diameter structure to reduce the speed of the terminal powder material and reduce the equipment elevation while ensuring that the powder is fully fluidized; the gas-solid separation device is provided above the split fluidizing reaction area to filter the residual gas and separate the split particle material;

[0013] The high-temperature discharging system is connected to the fluidized bed reactor to discharge the material after the fluidized reaction;

[0014] The process gas inlet pipeline is connected to the bottom fluidizing device, and the process gas is introduced according to the process requirements;

[0015] The protection system is suitable for overpressure protection of the fluidized bed reactor, so as to release the pressure when the pressure in the fluidized bed reactor exceeds a preset value.

[0016] Furthermore, a bull-horn type discharge elbow is arranged at the bottom position of the raw material conveying tank, and the bull-horn type discharge elbows at the top and bottom of the raw material conveying tank are respectively provided with air inlets for connecting the top air intake system and the bottom air intake system respectively; during transportation, the material at the bull-horn type discharge elbow is accelerated toward the fluidized bed reactor along the center line direction of the conveying pipeline under the action of the power air source of the bottom air intake system. At the same time, the material in the raw material conveying tank is continuously replenished to the bottom bull-horn elbow under the dual action of the top air intake system and gravity, forming a continuous gas-solid mixing plug column, and finally reaches the fluidized bed reactor through the conveying pipeline.

[0017] Furthermore, the process gas inlet pipeline is provided with a plurality of gas branches, which are respectively connected to the fluidizing disk and the peripheral side of the fluidizing disk, and the gas branches connected to the peripheral side of the fluidizing disk are inclined to the fluidizing disk to form an ascending swirling gas above the fluidizing disk; an ascending stirring blade is provided above the fluidizing disk to prevent the fluidizing disk from generating channel flow during the fluidization process.

[0018] Furthermore, the gas-solid separation device includes a porous sintered filter element and a back-blowing air system; the surface of the porous sintered filter element is suitable for capturing powdered particulate materials of the gas-solid mixture to form a filter cake, and allowing excess gas to be discharged from the gaps of the porous sintered filter element; the back-blowing air system includes a blowing air path and a pressure difference detection device, and the pressure difference detection device is suitable for detecting the internal and external pressure difference of the porous sintered filter element, and when the pressure difference reaches a preset value, the porous sintered filter element is back-blown to blow the filter cake off the surface of the porous sintered filter element.

[0019] Furthermore, the high-temperature discharging system includes a finished product tank, a discharging pipe connecting the finished product tank and the fluidized bed reactor, and a discharging shut-off valve arranged on the discharging pipe; a water-cooling jacket is arranged at the bottom of the finished product tank to reduce the temperature of the finished material during discharging.

[0020] Furthermore, a gas-solid separator is provided on the top of the finished product tank to discharge the gas transported from the fluidized bed reactor and filter and separate the powder carried by the gas.

[0021] Furthermore, an intake pressure monitor is provided at the process air inlet of the fluidized bed, and by comparing the internal pressure of the fluidized bed reactor with the intake pressure, it is determined whether the fluidized bed and the intake filter device provided on the process gas intake pipeline are blocked.

[0022] Furthermore, the protection system includes a bursting disc arranged on the top of the fluidized bed reactor, and the bursting disc is configured to be destroyed when the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor reaches a first pressure value to release the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor; a pressure relief pipeline is arranged on the fluidized bed reactor, and the pressure relief pipeline is provided with an overpressure release valve suitable for opening when the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor reaches a second pressure value to quickly release the pressure in the fluidized bed reactor; the second pressure value is less than the first pressure value.

[0023] Furthermore, the gas-solid separation device is connected to an exhaust gas pipeline, and an oxygen concentration detector is provided on the exhaust gas pipeline to test the oxygen concentration.

[0024] Furthermore, a heating device is provided outside the fluidized bed reactor, and the heating device is provided with a heating resistance wire to heat the entire fluidized bed reactor by radiation heating; the heating device is arranged in sections to be suitable for setting different temperature zones according to different process requirements.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] This solution adopts a positive pressure feeding method to ensure that there is no material residue in the pipeline and the front tank, and accurate measurement of raw materials can be achieved; the fluidized bed reactor with a multi-stage variable diameter structure design increases the capacity while slightly increasing the overall height of the equipment, and the gas flow rate required for the entire fluidized bed reactor is reduced. Under the same conditions, the utilization rate of the process gas is improved, the service life of the filter element is extended, and the stability of the entire fluidized bed reactor is improved; by adopting an adjustable air intake method and material fluidization monitoring, the fluidization state is fed back through data, and the reliability is strong; the high-temperature discharging design method improves the utilization efficiency of the fluidized bed reactor; double protection is formed by overpressure protection valves and physical emergency explosion relief methods; the online monitoring function of the tail gas oxygen concentration content is realized to ensure the safety and stability of the fluidized bed reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fluidized bed reaction system of silicon-carbon negative electrode materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Icons: 1-raw material conveying tank; 2-air intake system; 3-feed shut-off valve; 4-porous sintered filter element; 5-split fluidized reaction area; 6-pressure difference detection device; 7-bursting disc; 8-overpressure release valve; 9-gas-solid separation device; 10-heating device; 11-air pressure detection device; 12-temperature detection device; 13-discharge shut-off valve; 14-agitation blade; 15-spiral air intake branch; 16-fluidizing plate; 17-agitation motor; 18-gas-solid separator; 19-finished product tank; 20-water cooling jacket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Combination Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a fluidized bed reaction system for silicon-carbon negative electrode materials, comprising: a raw material conveying system, a fluidized bed reactor, a high-temperature discharge system, a process gas inlet pipeline, and a protection system; wherein the raw material conveying system comprises a raw material conveying tank 1 and an inlet system 2 and a conveying pipeline connected to the raw material conveying tank 1, the other end of the conveying pipeline is connected to the fluidized bed reactor, and the inlet system 2 is suitable for conveying the material in the raw material conveying tank 1 to the fluidized bed reactor by positive pressure conveying; the fluidized bed reactor comprises a bottom fluidizing device, a split fluidizing reaction area 5, and a gas-solid separation device 9, wherein the bottom fluidizing device is provided with a fluidizing disk 16 made of a porous sintered plate to convert multi-point air intake into a uniform plane air outlet mode, thereby improving the uniformity of powder fluidization, and on the peripheral side of the fluidizing disk 16 A plurality of inclined air inlets are provided to form rising swirling gas above the fluidizing disk 16, thereby improving the fluidization efficiency; the split fluidizing reaction area 5 is provided above the bottom fluidizing device, and adopts a multi-stage variable diameter structure to reduce the speed of the terminal powder material and reduce the equipment elevation while ensuring sufficient fluidization of the powder; the gas-solid separation device 9 is provided above the split fluidizing reaction area 5 to filter the residual gas and separate the split particle material; the high-temperature discharging system is connected to the fluidized bed reactor to unload the material after the fluidization reaction; the process gas inlet pipeline is connected to the bottom fluidizing device, and the process gas is introduced according to the process requirements; the protection system is suitable for overpressure protection of the fluidized bed reactor to relieve the pressure when the pressure in the fluidized bed reactor exceeds the preset value.

[0030] In this embodiment, a bull horn-shaped discharge elbow is arranged at the bottom of the raw material conveying tank 1, and air inlets are arranged at the bull horn-shaped discharge elbows at the top and bottom of the raw material conveying tank 1, respectively. The air intake system 2 includes a top air intake system and a bottom air intake system connecting the bull horn-shaped discharge elbows at the top and bottom of the raw material conveying tank 1; during conveying, the material at the bull horn-shaped discharge elbow is accelerated along the center line direction of the conveying pipeline toward the fluidized bed reactor under the action of the power gas source of the bottom air intake system. At the same time, the material in the raw material conveying tank 1 is continuously supplemented to the bottom bull horn under the dual action of the top air intake system and gravity, forming a continuous gas-solid mixing plug column, and finally reaches the fluidized bed reactor through the conveying pipeline. A feed shut-off valve 3 is arranged on the conveying pipeline to play the role of isolation protection. When the fluidized bed reactor starts the process operation, the fluidized bed reactor is isolated from the outside to prevent material overflow and process gas leakage. During operation, the raw materials that are accurately weighed are manually fed into the raw material conveying tank 1. The two air intake systems 2 use compressed nitrogen as a power source to convey the materials in the tank to the fluidized bed reactor. Through positive pressure conveying, it can ensure that the residual material in the tank and the pipeline is less than 2‰ of the feed amount, thereby realizing accurate metering and conveying functions.

[0031] The fluidized bed reactor comprises a bottom fluidizing device, a split fluidizing reaction area 5, and a gas-solid separation device 9. The bottom fluidizing device is used to connect the process gas inlet pipeline, and comprises a fluidizing disk 16 made of a porous sintered plate. The fluidizing disk 16 can be set to a circular, square, or other shape. The porous sintered plate has dense through holes, so that when the process gas inlet pipeline enters the fluidizing disk 16 made of the porous sintered plate, the original multi-point air intake can be converted into a uniform plane air outlet, so as to improve the uniformity of fluidization. In this embodiment, the process gas inlet pipeline is provided with a plurality of gas branches, which are respectively connected to the fluidizing disk 16 and the upper side of the fluidizing disk 16. The gas branches connected to the upper side of the fluidizing disk 16 are inclined to the central axis of the fluidizing disk 16. When the plurality of gas branches are simultaneously inlet, an ascending swirl gas can be formed above the fluidizing disk 16 to assist in fluidization. Furthermore, the plurality of gas branches are arranged in an obliquely upward direction and have the same rotation direction to form a spiral inlet branch 15, thereby better forming a swirl gas. Due to the characteristics of the porous carbon material, channel flow is easily formed above the fluidizing disk 16 during the fluidization process, which will affect the uniformity. Therefore, an ascending stirring blade 14 is provided above the fluidizing disk 16. The stirring blade 14 is driven to rotate by a stirring motor 17 to prevent channel flow from being generated during the fluidization process, thereby improving the uniformity. This solution uses the plane rising airflow and the rotating rising airflow of the spiral air intake to support the material to rise, forming a uniform fluidization effect, and with the assistance of the rising stirring blade 14, the air intake required for uniform fluidization can be effectively reduced. The process air intake pipeline of this embodiment generally uses nitrogen / argon as the carrier gas, and the process gas is introduced according to the process requirements. The air intake rate and air intake volume can be controlled by a pressure reducing valve and a gas mass flow meter.

[0032] The split fluidized reaction area 5 is arranged above the bottom fluidizing device, and it adopts a multi-stage variable diameter structure to reduce the speed of the powder material at the end and reduce the equipment elevation while ensuring that the powder is fully fluidized; the split fluidized reaction area 5 is the inner cavity of the fluidized bed reactor, and its overall structure presents a structure in which the inner diameter gradually increases from bottom to top, which can reduce the speed of the powder material at the end and reduce the equipment elevation while ensuring that the powder is fully fluidized. The conveying pipeline is connected to the upper part of the powder fluidized reaction area, opposite to the entry direction of the process gas, which is conducive to the full occurrence of fluidization reaction. A heating device 10 is arranged outside the powder fluidized reaction area, and the heating device 10 is provided with a heating resistance wire to heat the entire fluidized bed reactor by radiation heating; the heating device 10 adopts a segmented arrangement to be suitable for setting different temperature zones according to different process requirements. In addition, a temperature detection device 12 and an air pressure detection device 11 are respectively arranged at different heights on the outside of the split fluidized reaction area 5. The temperature detection device 12 arranged in layers can detect the temperature at different heights, and the heating temperature can be controlled at different heights according to the temperature requirements. By adjusting the appropriate process gas intake, the temperature of the heating device 10, and the stirring speed, the linear distribution of pressure and temperature can be achieved to achieve the effect of uniform fluidization. Preferably, an intake pressure monitoring is arranged at the process air inlet position of the fluidized disk 16, and the intake pressure at the process air inlet position is compared to determine whether the fluidized disk 16 and the air intake filter device (not shown) arranged on the process gas intake pipeline are blocked; when the air pressure at the process air inlet of the fluidized disk 16 is greater than the air pressure in the split fluidized reaction area 5, the fluidized disk 16 may be blocked and should be maintained in time; when the air pressure at the process air inlet position is less than the air pressure in the split fluidized reaction area 5, it may be that the air intake filter device in the process gas intake pipeline is blocked and needs to be maintained in time.

[0033] The gas-solid separation device 9 is arranged at the upper part of the split fluidized reaction area 5, and includes a porous sintered filter element 4 and a back-blowing system; the surface of the porous sintered filter element 4 is suitable for capturing the powdered particulate material of the gas-solid mixture to form a filter cake, and the excess gas is discharged from the gap of the porous sintered filter element 4; the back-blowing system includes a blowing air path and a pressure difference detection device 6, and the pressure difference detection device 6 is suitable for detecting the internal and external pressure difference of the porous sintered filter element 4, and when the pressure difference reaches a preset value, the porous sintered filter element 4 is back-blown to blow the filter cake off the surface of the porous sintered filter element 4. The other end of the porous sintered filter element 4 is provided with an exhaust pipeline for discharging excess gas; the exhaust pipeline is provided with an oxygen concentration detector to test the oxygen concentration. Before the process starts, the air in the fluidized bed reactor can be replaced with nitrogen to test the oxygen concentration. When the set safety value is reached, the process gas can be introduced.

[0034] The protection system includes an emergency explosion relief device arranged at the top of the fluidized bed reactor, and the emergency explosion relief device includes a bursting disc 7, and the bursting disc 7 is configured to be destroyed when the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor reaches a first pressure value, so that the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor is released; a pressure relief pipeline is arranged on the fluidized bed reactor, and the pressure relief pipeline is provided with an overpressure release valve 8 suitable for opening when the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor reaches a second pressure value so that the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor is quickly released; the second pressure value is less than the first pressure value. Here, the bursting disc 7 and the pressure relief pipeline are arranged at the upper part of the split fluidized reaction area 5, and the pressure relief pipeline is connected to the tail gas pipeline. Through this scheme, when the pressure rises instantly and reaches the second pressure value, the overpressure release valve 8 is opened to release the pressure; when the overpressure release valve 8 cannot quickly release the pressure and causes the pressure to continue to rise to the first pressure value, the bursting disc 7 is ruptured, and a pressure relief port is provided by mechanical blasting to quickly reduce the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor, preventing it from continuing to rise and causing the entire fluidized bed reactor to explode. This solution uses overpressure protection combined with mechanical protection to provide double protection to better protect system safety.

[0035] The high-temperature discharge system includes a finished material tank 19, a discharge pipe connecting the finished material tank 19 and the fluidized bed reactor, and a discharge shut-off valve 13 arranged on the discharge pipe; a water-cooling jacket 20 is arranged at the bottom of the finished material tank 19 to reduce the temperature of the finished material during discharge. Here, the finished material tank 19 is used to hold the material after fluidization. The finished material tank 19 is connected to the lower part of the split fluidized reaction area 5 through a storage tank, and a discharge shut-off valve 13 is arranged on the discharge pipe, and a high-temperature resistant coating is arranged in the discharge shut-off valve 13 for protection. When the material process in the fluidized bed reactor is completed, the discharge shut-off valve 13 is opened, the fluidized bed reactor is pressurized, and the material enters the finished material tank 19 at the rear end through the pipeline under the action of the pressure difference. The bottom of the finished material tank 19 can be provided with a discharge port for connecting to a receiving barrel for discharge. In this embodiment, the material is discharged by pressurization in the fluidized bed reactor, and the stable discharge of 500°C material can be achieved. The water cooling jacket 20 is provided at the bottom of the finished material tank 19 to reduce the temperature of the finished material during unloading to meet the temperature requirement of unloading. Preferably, a gas-solid separator 18 is provided at the top of the finished material tank 19 to discharge the gas transported from the fluidized bed reactor and filter and separate the powder carried by the gas.

[0036] Through this solution, the uniformity of the fluidized reaction can be effectively improved, and it has high safety and good stability.

[0037] It should be understood that the above are only preferred implementations of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] The above description of the drawings used in the implementation manner only illustrates certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

Claims

1. A silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system, characterized in that: include: A raw material conveying system, a fluidized bed reactor, a high-temperature discharge system, a process gas inlet pipeline, and a protection system; wherein the raw material conveying system comprises a raw material conveying tank and an inlet system and a conveying pipeline connected to the raw material conveying tank, the other end of the conveying pipeline is connected to the fluidized bed reactor, and the inlet system is suitable for conveying the material in the raw material conveying tank to the fluidized bed reactor by positive pressure conveying; The fluidized bed reactor comprises a bottom fluidizing device, a split fluidizing reaction area, and a gas-solid separation device, wherein the bottom fluidizing device is provided with a fluidizing disk made of a porous sintered plate to convert multi-point air intake into a uniform plane air outlet mode, thereby improving the uniformity of powder fluidization, and a plurality of inclined air inlets are provided on the peripheral side of the fluidizing disk to form an ascending swirling gas above the fluidizing disk, thereby improving the fluidization efficiency; the split fluidizing reaction area is provided above the bottom fluidizing device, and adopts a multi-stage variable diameter structure to reduce the speed of the terminal powder material and reduce the equipment elevation while ensuring that the powder is fully fluidized; the gas-solid separation device is provided above the split fluidizing reaction area to filter the residual gas and separate the split particle material; The high-temperature discharging system is connected to the fluidized bed reactor to discharge the material after the fluidized reaction; The process gas inlet pipeline is connected to the bottom fluidizing device, and the process gas is introduced according to the process requirements; The protection system is suitable for overpressure protection of the fluidized bed reactor, so as to release the pressure when the pressure in the fluidized bed reactor exceeds a preset value.

2. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bull-horn type discharge elbow is arranged at the bottom position of the raw material conveying tank, and air inlets are respectively arranged at the bull-horn type discharge elbows at the top and bottom of the raw material conveying tank for connecting the top air intake system and the bottom air intake system respectively; during transportation, the material at the bull-horn type discharge elbow is accelerated toward the fluidized bed reactor along the center line direction of the conveying pipeline under the action of the power air source of the bottom air intake system. At the same time, the material in the raw material conveying tank is continuously replenished to the bottom bull-horn elbow under the dual action of the top air intake system and gravity, forming a continuous gas-solid mixing plug column, and finally reaches the fluidized bed reactor through the conveying pipeline.

3. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process gas inlet pipeline is provided with a plurality of gas branches, which are respectively connected to the fluidizing disk and the peripheral side of the fluidizing disk, and the gas branches connected to the peripheral side of the fluidizing disk are inclined to the fluidizing disk to form an ascending swirling gas above the fluidizing disk; an ascending stirring blade is provided above the fluidizing disk to prevent the fluidizing disk from generating channel flow during the fluidization process.

4. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-solid separation device includes a porous sintered filter element and a back-blowing air system; the surface of the porous sintered filter element is suitable for capturing powdered particulate materials of the gas-solid mixture to form a filter cake, and allowing excess gas to be discharged from the gaps in the porous sintered filter element; the back-blowing air system includes a blowing air path and a pressure difference detection device, and the pressure difference detection device is suitable for detecting the internal and external pressure difference of the porous sintered filter element, and when the pressure difference reaches a preset value, the porous sintered filter element is back-blown to blow the filter cake off the surface of the porous sintered filter element.

5. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature discharging system includes a finished product tank, a discharging pipe connecting the finished product tank and the fluidized bed reactor, and a discharging shut-off valve arranged on the discharging pipe; a water cooling jacket is arranged at the bottom of the finished product tank to reduce the temperature of the finished product material during discharging.

6. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gas-solid separator is arranged on the top of the finished product tank to discharge the gas transported from the fluidized bed reactor and filter and separate the powder carried by the gas.

7. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An intake pressure monitor is provided at the process air inlet of the fluidized bed. By comparing the internal pressure of the fluidized bed reactor with the intake pressure, it is determined whether the fluidized bed and the intake filter device provided on the process gas intake pipeline are blocked.

8. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection system includes a bursting disc arranged on the top of the fluidized bed reactor, and the bursting disc is configured to be destroyed when the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor reaches a first pressure value so as to release the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor; a pressure relief pipeline is arranged on the fluidized bed reactor, and the pressure relief pipeline is provided with an overpressure release valve suitable for opening when the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor reaches a second pressure value so as to quickly release the pressure inside the fluidized bed reactor; the second pressure value is less than the first pressure value.

9. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-solid separation device is connected to a tail gas pipeline, and an oxygen concentration detector is arranged on the tail gas pipeline to test the oxygen concentration.

10. The silicon-carbon negative electrode material fluidized bed reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating device is provided outside the fluidized bed reactor, and the heating device is provided with a heating resistance wire to heat the entire fluidized bed reactor by radiation heating; the heating device is arranged in sections to be suitable for setting different temperature zones according to different process requirements.

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