Biochar-based fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a biochar-based fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The biochar-based fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage: 25% of biochar, 25% of humic acid, 40% of oxidizable organic matters, 1% of potassium fulvate, 0.2 billion / g of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, 1% of wood vinegar and 8% of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium. The biochar-based fertilizer provided by the invention is prepared by mixing biochar prepared from wastes such as agricultural straws, biochar, humic acid, easily oxidized organic matters, potassium fulvate, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, wood vinegar and nitrogen phosphorus potassium, and after the biochar-based fertilizer is applied, the organic carbon content of soil can be increased, the soil fertility can be improved, and the soil fertility can be improved; therefore, soil nutrient absorption and retention effects are improved, fertilizer utilization rate is increased, chemical fertilizer usage amount is reduced, and crop yield is increased. The cost is reduced, agricultural and forestry waste resources can be recycled, and pollution is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biochar-based fertilizers, and in particular to a biochar-based fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Carbon-based fertilizer is an eco-friendly fertilizer that uses biochar as a matrix and is formulated with organic matter and / or inorganic matter added according to the land characteristics of different regions, the growth characteristics of different crops, and scientific fertilization principles. The effect of carbon-based fertilizer mainly comes from the effect of biochar. The effects of biochar include but are not limited to: maintaining soil moisture, increasing microbial activity, locking nutrients in the soil, promoting plant growth, and establishing lasting fertilizer effects. The effects of biochar are combined with the effects of organic nutrients, inorganic nutrients, and beneficial microorganisms to form the effects of carbon-based fertilizer, thereby achieving significant results. In agricultural production, except for a small part of the straw that is effectively utilized through returning to the field, ammoniation, silage, fermentation, and use as a culture medium for edible fungi, most of it is burned, which not only causes environmental pollution but also leads to a waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biochar-based fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of environmental pollution and waste of resources caused by the existing straw burning mentioned in the above-mentioned background technology;

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A biochar-based fertilizer is prepared from raw materials in the following proportions: 25% biochar, 25% humic acid, 40% easily oxidizable organic matter, 1% potassium humate, 200 million / gram of Bacillus subtilis+Bacillus licheniformis, 1% wood acetate, and 8% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

[0006] A method for preparing biochar-based fertilizer comprises the following preparation steps:

[0007] S1. Biochar is prepared by dry distillation of agricultural and forestry wastes;

[0008] S2. Add appropriate amounts of biochar, humic acid, easily oxidizable organic matter, potassium humate, Bacillus subtilis + Bacillus licheniformis, wood acetate, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium into a stirring tank in proportion and mix evenly, continue stirring for 2 to 3 hours, and control the humidity within 30% to obtain a uniformly dispersed composite material;

[0009] S3. A small amount of water is added to the obtained composite material to adjust the moisture content, and then it is added to a shearing extrusion granulator. Under a certain temperature and extrusion pressure, the mixed material undergoes continuous shear carbonization, and is extruded and granulated to produce a biochar-based fertilizer.

[0010] Preferably, the agricultural and forestry waste is at least one of cotton straw, sawdust, peanut shells, corn straw, wheat straw, cotton straw, pumpkin straw, peach tree pruning branches and mushroom sticks.

[0011] Preferably, the shearing extrusion granulator is a closed disc extrusion granulator.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a biochar-based fertilizer and a preparation method, which have the following beneficial effects: the biochar-based fertilizer of the present invention is a mixture of biochar prepared from waste such as agricultural straw, physical charcoal, humic acid, easily oxidizable organic matter, potassium humate, Bacillus subtilis + Bacillus licheniformis, pyroacetic acid and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. After application, it is beneficial to increase the organic carbon content of the soil, improve soil fertility, thereby improving the absorption and retention of soil nutrients, improving fertilizer utilization, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, and increasing crop yields; the present invention not only reduces costs, but also can recycle agricultural and forestry waste resources to avoid pollution. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] Embodiment 1:

[0015] This embodiment is an embodiment of preparing biochar-based fertilizer.

[0016] The biochar-based fertilizer is prepared from raw materials in the following proportions: biochar 25%, humic acid 25%, easily oxidizable organic matter 40%, potassium humate 1%, Bacillus subtilis + Bacillus licheniformis 200 million / g, wood acetate 1%, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 8%.

[0017] Embodiment 2:

[0018] This embodiment is an embodiment of a method for preparing biochar-based fertilizer.

[0019] A method for preparing biochar-based fertilizer comprises the following preparation steps:

[0020] S1. Biochar is prepared by dry distillation of agricultural and forestry wastes;

[0021] S2. Add appropriate amounts of biochar, humic acid, easily oxidizable organic matter, potassium humate, Bacillus subtilis + Bacillus licheniformis, wood acetate, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium into a stirring tank in proportion and mix evenly, continue stirring for 2 to 3 hours, and control the humidity within 30% to obtain a uniformly dispersed composite material;

[0022] S3. A small amount of water is added to the obtained composite material to adjust the moisture content, and then it is added to a closed grinding disc extrusion granulator. Under a certain temperature and extrusion pressure, the mixed material undergoes continuous shear carbonization, and is extruded and granulated to produce a biochar-based fertilizer.

[0023] The agricultural and forestry waste is at least one of cotton straw, sawdust, peanut shells, corn straw, wheat straw, cotton straw, pumpkin straw, peach tree pruning branches and mushroom sticks.

[0024] The biochar-based fertilizer prepared by the present invention through mixing biochar, humic acid, easily oxidizable organic matter, potassium humate, Bacillus subtilis+Bacillus licheniformis, wood acetate and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium has loose pores and good air permeability. After application, it is beneficial to increase the organic carbon content of soil and improve soil fertility, thereby improving the absorption and retention of soil nutrients, improving fertilizer utilization, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, and increasing crop yields. The present invention not only reduces costs, but also can recycle agricultural and forestry waste resources to avoid pollution.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biochar-based fertilizer and a preparation method, characterized in that: The biochar-based fertilizer is prepared from raw materials in the following proportions: 25% biochar, 25% humic acid, 40% easily oxidizable organic matter, 1% potassium humate, 200 million / gram of Bacillus subtilis+Bacillus licheniformis, 1% wood acetate, and 8% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

2. A method for preparing a biochar-based fertilizer, comprising a biochar-based fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the preparation steps are as follows: S1. Biochar is prepared by dry distillation of agricultural and forestry wastes; S2. Add appropriate amounts of biochar, humic acid, easily oxidizable organic matter, potassium humate, Bacillus subtilis + Bacillus licheniformis, wood acetate, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium into a stirring tank in proportion and mix evenly, continue stirring for 2 to 3 hours, and control the humidity within 30% to obtain a uniformly dispersed composite material; S3. A small amount of water is added to the obtained composite material to adjust the moisture content, and then it is added to a shearing extrusion granulator. Under a certain temperature and extrusion pressure, the mixed material undergoes continuous shear carbonization, and is extruded and granulated to produce a biochar-based fertilizer.

3. A method for preparing biochar-based fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The agricultural and forestry waste is at least one of cotton straw, sawdust, peanut shells, corn straw, wheat straw, cotton straw, pumpkin straw, peach tree pruning branches and mushroom sticks.

4. A method for preparing biochar-based fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shearing type extrusion granulator is a closed grinding disc type extrusion granulator.