An intelligently controlled gas generator set and control system

Abstract

The present invention proposes an intelligently controlled gas generator set and control system, which relates to the technical field of gas power generation. The gas generator set includes: a compression ignition internal combustion engine, a synchronous generator, an intelligent control box and several sensors; the intelligent control box includes a display screen, a data storage device, a central processor and a unit regulator; the central processor is used to receive the collected data of several sensors and process to obtain various adjustment parameters of the compression ignition internal combustion engine; the unit regulator adjusts the input air flow of the engine, the piston movement state and the engine and synchronous generator speed according to the various adjustment parameters; the synchronous generator converts the mechanical energy obtained from the engine into electrical energy output, thereby improving the operating efficiency and economy of the gas generator set, reducing emissions, and realizing green and environmentally friendly power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas power generation, and in particular to an intelligently controlled gas power generation unit and a control system. Background Art

[0002] As a highly efficient and environmentally friendly power generation equipment, gas generator sets are widely used in power supply, emergency backup power supply and distributed energy systems. Compared with traditional coal or diesel generator sets, gas generator sets have significant advantages in fuel utilization efficiency, pollution emissions and response speed, especially in reducing emissions of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Therefore, they have gradually become an important clean energy power generation method.

[0003] The control system of gas generator sets plays a vital role in ensuring the efficient and safe operation of gas generator sets. Through precise monitoring and adjustment technology, it optimizes the fuel input, combustion process and generator output power. The control system of modern gas generator sets usually adopts digital and automated methods, which can achieve rapid response to load fluctuations, precise control of gas consumption and maximization of power generation efficiency, thereby improving the stability and economy of the unit and reducing unnecessary energy waste and emissions.

[0004] At present, there are still some defects in the intelligent control of gas generator sets in the existing patent literature. For example, the Chinese patent with patent publication number CN108825369B applies gas generator sets to distributed energy supply equipment, and controls the operation of the generator according to user needs to achieve the mutual conversion of electricity-heat or heat-electricity, thereby improving the utilization rate of energy; in addition, the Chinese patent CN116122956B discloses a pressure and air-fuel ratio regulation system and method for citric acid wastewater power generation, which controls the air-fuel ratio according to the changes in pressure and concentration values ​​caused by the fluctuation of biogas flow rate to ensure that the gas generator set can start and operate normally; the above existing technologies do not consider the working state of the gas generator set when combustible gases of different compositions are input, which reduces the power generation efficiency, leads to energy waste and even causes hardware damage to the generator set.

[0005] Therefore, an intelligently controlled gas-fired generator set and control system are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligently controlled gas generator set and control system for improving power generation efficiency. In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an intelligently controlled gas generator set, including a compression ignition internal combustion engine, a synchronous generator, an intelligent control box and several sensors; the intelligent control box includes a display screen, a data storage device, a central processor and a unit regulator; the central processor is used to receive the collected data of several sensors and process to obtain various adjustment parameters of the compression ignition internal combustion engine; the unit regulator adjusts the engine's input air flow, piston movement state and engine and synchronous generator speed according to the various adjustment parameters; the synchronous generator converts the mechanical energy obtained from the engine into electrical energy output, thereby improving the operating efficiency and economy of the gas generator set, reducing emissions, and achieving green and environmentally friendly power generation.

[0007] An intelligently controlled gas generator set, comprising a compression ignition internal combustion engine, a synchronous generator, an intelligent control box and a plurality of sensors; the intelligent control box comprises a display screen, a data storage device, a central processing unit and a unit regulator;

[0008] The compression ignition internal combustion engine is connected to the air inlet and the gas inlet through a mixing pipe and a mixer, and is connected to the synchronous generator through a mechanical coupling; the intelligent control box is connected to a plurality of the sensors, the compression ignition internal combustion engine and the synchronous generator through a data bus;

[0009] The central processor receives the gas composition ratio, ambient temperature and ambient pressure of the gas inlet collected by the sensor, determines the input gas flow rate according to the power demand, and calculates the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density to obtain the optimal air flow rate; the unit regulator adjusts the air intake of the air inlet according to the optimal air flow rate; the air and gas are mixed by the mixer and transmitted to the cylinder;

[0010] The central processor obtains an ideal mixed fuel compression ratio through the gas component ratio and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas in the cylinder; the unit regulator adjusts the piston top dead center of the cylinder according to the mixed fuel compression ratio;

[0011] The central processor calculates the gas cost function according to the historical gas power generation group data to obtain the optimal load factor; the unit regulator adjusts the rotation speed of the compression ignition internal combustion engine and the synchronous generator according to the optimal load factor.

[0012] Preferably, the air intake of the compression ignition internal combustion engine is provided with several sensors, including a gas sensor, a temperature sensor and an air pressure sensor; the exhaust port of the compression ignition internal combustion engine is provided with a flow sensor for measuring the flow rate of exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder; the exhaust port is connected to an exhaust gas processor, and the exhaust gas processor is used to process the exhaust gas discharged by the engine and discharge it after meeting the standards.

[0013] Preferably, the data storage device is used to store the historical gas-fired power generation group data, the collected data of the sensor, the compression-ignition internal combustion engine operating parameters, the synchronous generator operating parameters, the gas-fired power generation group control program and the adjustment data transmitted by the central processing unit; the display screen is used to read and display the collected parameters, operating parameters and adjustment parameters in the data storage device; the central processing unit monitors various operating parameters in real time, detects abnormal conditions and sends a warning signal to the display screen; the display screen receives the warning signal, sends an alarm and displays abnormal information.

[0014] Preferably, the process of obtaining the optimal air flow, the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio and the optimal load factor includes:

[0015] The central processing unit calculates the air-fuel molar ratio in combination with the combustion reaction equation of the gas components; determines the actual air density through the ambient temperature and the ambient air pressure; obtains the optimal air flow rate through the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density; obtains the optimal air quality and the unit molecular mass of the fuel gas, and obtains the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio in combination with the gas component proportion and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas;

[0016] The central processor constructs a load-heat rate relationship model and a load-waste emission relationship model based on the historical gas-fired power generation group data, obtains a load-heat rate function and a load-waste emission function through data fitting, and generates a gas cost function; substitutes the gas flow rate, the optimal air flow rate and the gas component ratio into the gas cost function, and obtains the optimal load factor by minimizing the gas cost function; the historical gas-fired power generation group data includes historical gas flow rate, historical gas component ratio, historical air flow rate, historical load factor, historical power generation time and historical waste gas emissions.

[0017] Preferably, the central processor calculates the air-fuel molar ratio in combination with the combustion reaction equation of the gas components, and the implementation process includes:

[0018] According to the gas component ratio and the combustion reaction equation, the oxygen demand of different gas components is obtained, and the oxygen demand for complete combustion of the fuel gas is obtained by the gas component ratio; combined with the proportion of oxygen in the air, the air-fuel molar ratio is obtained, and the specific calculation formula is:

[0019] ;

[0020] in, is the air-fuel molar ratio; Represents one mole Oxygen demand of each gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of each gas composition; It represents the mole fraction of oxygen in the air; Indicates the total number of gas components in the fuel.

[0021] Preferably, the air flow regulating module combines the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the air-fuel molar ratio to obtain the specific implementation process of the optimal air flow:

[0022] According to the ambient temperature and the ambient pressure, the actual air density is calculated; the unit molecular mass of the fuel gas is obtained by the gas component ratio of the fuel gas; the input fuel flow rate is obtained, and the optimal air flow rate is obtained by combining the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density. The specific formula is expressed as follows:

[0023] ;

[0024] ;

[0025] in, represents said optimum air flow rate; Indicates optimal air quality; represents the ambient air pressure; represents the ambient temperature; represents the unit gas constant; represents the air-fuel molar ratio; Indicates the unit molecular mass of air; Indicates the unit molecular mass of gas; Indicates the input gas flow; Indicates the gas The unit molecular mass of each gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of each gas composition; represents an influencing factor of the optimal air flow; Represents the influencing factor of the optimal air quality.

[0026] Preferably, the process of the central processor obtaining the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio by combining the gas component ratio of the combustible gas and the auto-ignition temperature difference comprises:

[0027] A first air-mixture density is obtained according to the gas component ratio, the optimal air mass and the engine cylinder capacity; a first air-mixture temperature is calculated by combining the ideal gas state equation and the first air-mixture density; a second air-mixture temperature is obtained according to the gas component ratio of the combustible gas and the auto-ignition temperature difference; an ideal mixed fuel compression ratio is obtained by combining the first air-mixture temperature and the second air-mixture temperature.

[0028] Preferably, the specific process of the central processor acquiring the load-heat rate function includes:

[0029] Combine the historical gas component ratio and the historical air flow rate to calculate the lower heating value of the mixed gas at the corresponding historical time; obtain the mixed gas flow rate based on the historical gas flow rate and the historical air flow rate at the same historical time; construct a load-heat rate relationship model based on the mixed gas flow rate, the mixed gas lower heating value, the historical power generation duration and the historical load factor; obtain the relationship parameters by fitting the historical gas power generation group data to obtain the load-heat rate function.

[0030] Preferably, the implementation process of the central processor acquiring the load-exhaust emission function includes:

[0031] According to the historical gas flow rate and the historical gas component ratio, the combustible component emissions and the non-combustible component emissions are calculated; the air non-oxygen emissions are obtained by combining the oxygen consumption in the complete combustion reaction with the air-fuel molar ratio and the historical air flow rate; the combustible component emissions, the non-combustible component emissions and the air non-oxygen emissions are calculated to obtain the ideal exhaust gas emissions; according to the ideal exhaust gas emissions and the historical load factor, a load-exhaust gas emission relationship model is constructed, and the relationship parameters are fitted by the historical gas power generation group data to obtain the load-exhaust gas emission function.

[0032] A gas generator set control system, comprising:

[0033] The unit data acquisition module collects the gas composition ratio, ambient temperature and ambient pressure of the fuel gas in real time through gas sensors, temperature sensors and pressure sensors;

[0034] The air flow regulating module calculates the molar ratio of the gas component and the air according to the combustion reaction equation of the gas component to obtain the air-fuel molar ratio; calculates the actual air density in combination with the ambient temperature and the ambient air pressure; obtains the optimal air flow through the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density; and regulates the air intake of the engine according to the optimal air flow;

[0035] The engine adjustment module obtains the best air quality and unit molecular mass of the fuel gas, and obtains the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio by combining the gas component ratio and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas; and adjusts the piston position of the engine cylinder according to the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio;

[0036] The generator set adjustment module constructs a load-heat rate relationship model and a load-exhaust emission relationship model based on historical gas-fired power generation set data, obtains a load-heat rate function and a load-exhaust emission function through data fitting, and generates a gas cost function; substitutes the gas flow rate, the optimal air flow rate and the gas component ratio into the gas cost function, and obtains the optimal load factor by minimizing the gas cost function; and adjusts the speed of the engine and the generator according to the optimal load factor.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention optimizes the combustion efficiency and operating performance of the gas generator set by accurately calculating the air-fuel molar ratio and the optimal air flow rate. The central processing unit can adjust the air flow rate in real time by combining parameters such as the gas component ratio, the combustion reaction equation, the ambient temperature and the air pressure to ensure that the gas can be completely burned under different loads and working conditions, thereby maximizing the thermal efficiency and reducing exhaust emissions. This process enables the generator set to adapt to different gas types and environmental conditions, which not only improves the energy utilization of the gas generator set, but also effectively reduces fuel consumption and emissions.

[0039] 2. The present invention combines the gas component ratio and auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas to accurately calculate the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio, which significantly improves the combustion efficiency and stability of the gas generator set. By calculating the first mixed gas density and temperature, combined with the gas composition and auto-ignition temperature difference, the compression ratio of the mixed gas can be more accurately optimized, thereby ensuring that the engine operates in the best working state. It can effectively reduce fuel consumption and reduce exhaust emissions, not only improving the combustion efficiency and energy utilization of the generator set, but also extending the service life of the engine, reducing maintenance costs, and improving overall operating efficiency.

[0040] 3. By combining historical data and the calculation of the gas cost function, the central processor of the present invention can minimize the gas usage cost and adjust the speed of the engine and generator according to the optimal load factor to ensure the maximum benefit of the gas. Minimizing the gas cost function can also optimize emission control, reduce incomplete combustion and exhaust emissions, and reduce the emission of environmental pollutants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A structural diagram of an intelligently controlled gas generator set provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A flow chart for calculating the adjustment parameters of an internal combustion engine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 A flow chart of a gas generator set control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Gas-fired generator sets have high flexibility in the power system and can respond quickly to load changes to meet peak power demand. At the same time, they have high combustion efficiency and low pollution emissions, which meet the requirements of sustainable development of modern energy. Since the natural gas combustion process is affected by many factors, the operating status of the generator set needs to be monitored and adjusted in real time through a precise control system. For example, the control system needs to accurately manage parameters such as gas supply, air-fuel mixing ratio, engine working status, and generator output power. Through intelligent control strategies, gas-fired generator sets can be ensured to operate efficiently and safely under different load conditions, thereby improving the economy and reliability of the entire power system.

[0046] The present invention proposes an intelligently controlled gas generator set and a control system to efficiently control the gas flow of the gas generator set to improve the power generation efficiency. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the gas generator set and the control system of the present invention, a specific description will be given in combination with the accompanying drawings of this embodiment and the following two embodiments.

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] The embodiment of the present application discloses an intelligently controlled gas generator set to efficiently control various parameters of the gas generator set. Figure 1 The gas generator set proposed in the present invention includes: a compression ignition internal combustion engine 160, a synchronous generator 170, an intelligent control box 100 and a plurality of sensors; the intelligent control box 100 is connected to a plurality of sensors, the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160 and the synchronous generator 170 through a data bus; the intelligent control box 100 includes a display screen, a data storage device, a central processing unit and a unit regulator; the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160 is connected to an air inlet and a gas inlet through a mixing pipe and a mixer 150, and is connected to the synchronous generator 170 through a mechanical coupling.

[0049] Furthermore, the air intake of the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160 is provided with several sensors, including a gas sensor 130, a temperature sensor 110 and an air pressure sensor 120; the exhaust port of the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160 is provided with a flow sensor 140 for measuring the flow rate of exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder; the exhaust port is connected to an exhaust gas processor, and the exhaust gas processor is used to process the exhaust gas discharged by the engine and discharge it after meeting the standards.

[0050] The present invention of the embodiment of the application further realizes accurate monitoring and optimized control of the working state of the engine by configuring multiple sensors at the air intake and exhaust ports of the compression ignition internal combustion engine. The gas sensor, temperature sensor and air pressure sensor at the air intake port can collect the gas composition, temperature and air pressure data in real time, help the central processor to adjust the optimal air flow, ensure the complete combustion of the gas, thereby improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the exhaust gas emission; the flow sensor set at the exhaust port can accurately measure the exhaust gas flow discharged from the cylinder, cooperate with the exhaust gas processor to process the exhaust gas, ensure that the exhaust gas emission meets the environmental protection standards, and reduce the emission of pollutants.

[0051] Furthermore, the data storage device is used to store historical gas-fired power generation group data, the collected data of the sensor, the operating parameters of the compression-ignition internal combustion engine, the operating parameters of the synchronous generator, the gas-fired power generation group control program and the adjustment data transmitted by the central processing unit; the display screen is used to read and display the collected parameters, operating parameters and adjustment parameters in the data storage device; the central processing unit monitors various operating parameters in real time, detects abnormal conditions and sends a warning signal to the display screen; the display screen receives the warning signal, sends an alarm and displays abnormal information.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, the collected data of the sensor is given as an example, see Table 1.

[0053] Table 1. Data collected by the sensor

[0054]

[0055] The embodiment of the present application realizes real-time monitoring of the operating status of the gas generator set and abnormal warning through the collaborative work of the data storage and display screen. The data storage ensures comprehensive management of various key data; the display screen provides intuitive parameter reading and abnormal information display, which is convenient for operators to understand the working status of the generator set in a timely manner; the central processor can quickly identify potential faults or abnormalities by real-time monitoring of various operating parameters, and send early warning signals to the display screen to ensure that abnormal situations are handled in a timely manner and avoid possible equipment damage.

[0056] Furthermore, the central processor receives the gas component ratio, ambient temperature and ambient pressure of the gas inlet collected by the sensor, determines the input gas flow rate according to the power demand, and calculates the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density to obtain the optimal air flow rate; obtains the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio through the gas component ratio and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas in the cylinder; calculates the gas cost function according to the historical data of the gas-fired power generation group to obtain the optimal load factor; refer to Figure 2 The specific implementation process includes:

[0057] The central processing unit calculates the air-fuel molar ratio in combination with the combustion reaction equation of the gas components; determines the actual air density through the ambient temperature and the ambient air pressure; obtains the optimal air flow rate through the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density; obtains the optimal air quality and the unit molecular mass of the fuel gas, and obtains the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio in combination with the gas component proportion and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas;

[0058] The central processor constructs a load-heat rate relationship model and a load-waste emission relationship model based on the historical gas-fired power generation group data, obtains a load-heat rate function and a load-waste emission function through data fitting, and generates a gas cost function; substitutes the gas flow rate, the optimal air flow rate and the gas component ratio into the gas cost function, and obtains the optimal load factor by minimizing the gas cost function; the historical gas-fired power generation group data includes historical gas flow rate, historical gas component ratio, historical air flow rate, historical load factor, historical power generation time and historical waste gas emissions.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application significantly improves the operating efficiency and environmental performance of the gas generator set by accurately calculating the air-fuel molar ratio, the optimal air flow, the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio and the optimization of the gas cost function. The central processor calculates and adjusts the air flow in real time to ensure that the gas can be completely burned under different loads and working conditions; and adjusts the mixed fuel compression ratio to ensure that the engine operates in the best working state, reducing fuel consumption, extending engine life and reducing maintenance costs; in addition, the central processor adjusts the optimal load factor by minimizing the cost of gas use, ensuring the maximum energy efficiency of the gas generator set.

[0060] Furthermore, the central processor calculates the air-fuel molar ratio in combination with the combustion reaction equation of the gas components, and the implementation process includes:

[0061] The gas component ratio at the gas inlet is obtained according to the gas sensor 130, and the oxygen demand of different gas components in the gas inlet is obtained in combination with the combustion reaction equation. The oxygen demand for complete combustion of the gas in the cylinder of the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160 is obtained through the gas component ratio; the air-fuel molar ratio is obtained in combination with the ratio of oxygen in the air. The specific calculation formula is:

[0062] ;

[0063] in, is the air-fuel molar ratio; Represents one mole Oxygen demand of each gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of each gas composition; It represents the molar fraction of oxygen in the air, and is generally taken as 0.21; Indicates the total number of gas components in the fuel.

[0064] For example, according to the combustion reaction equation of methane It can be seen that two moles of oxygen are required for the complete combustion of one mole of methane; while non-combustible gas components such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen cannot be further burned by themselves, so these non-combustible gas components are inert components in the combustion process.

[0065] The embodiment of the present application significantly improves the combustion efficiency and stability of the gas generator set by accurately calculating the air-fuel molar ratio by combining the combustion reaction equation of the gas components. The central processing unit obtains the concentration and oxygen demand of each component based on the proportion of gas components, and accurately calculates the air-fuel molar ratio by combining the molar fraction of oxygen in the air. This process ensures the complete combustion of the gas, optimizes the combustion conditions, maximizes the thermal efficiency and reduces exhaust emissions.

[0066] Furthermore, the central processing unit combines the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the air-fuel molar ratio to obtain a specific implementation process of the optimal air flow:

[0067] The ambient temperature and the ambient pressure of the air inlet are obtained according to the pressure sensor 110 and the temperature sensor 120, and the actual air density is calculated; the unit molecular mass of the gas is obtained according to the gas component ratio of the gas; the input gas flow rate is obtained, and the optimal air flow rate is obtained by combining the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density. The formula is expressed as follows:

[0068] ;

[0069] ;

[0070] in, represents said optimum air flow rate; Indicates optimal air quality; represents the ambient air pressure; represents the ambient temperature; represents the unit gas constant; represents the air-fuel molar ratio; Indicates the unit molecular mass of air; Indicates the unit molecular mass of gas; Indicates the input gas flow; Indicates the gas The unit molecular mass of each gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of each gas composition; Represents the influencing factor of the optimal air flow and its value is in the interval Inside; Represents the influencing factor of the optimal air quality and its value is in the interval Inside;

[0071] The unit regulator adjusts the air intake of the air intake port according to the optimal air flow rate; the air and fuel gas are mixed through the mixer 150 and transmitted to the cylinder of the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160.

[0072] In order to further illustrate the role of the optimal air flow rate proposed in the present invention, the optimal air flow rates of different batches are exemplarily given for comparison in combination with the data collected in Table 1. Table 2 lists the unit molecular weight and unit oxygen demand of different gas components. Table 3 lists the optimal air flow rates of different batches of collected data.

[0073] Table 2. Unit molecular mass and unit oxygen demand of different gas components

[0074]

[0075] Table 3. Optimal air flow rate for different batches of collected data

[0076]

[0077] During the optimal air flow process in Table 3, the unit gas constant is ; The unit molecular mass of air is ; The influencing factors of the optimal air flow is 1; The influencing factor of the optimal air quality is 1. According to the data in Table 3, the relationship between the optimal air flow rate and the air-fuel molar ratio can be analyzed. In the data of different batches, when the air-fuel molar ratio is low, a higher optimal air flow rate is usually required. For example, in the BH01 batch, when the air-fuel molar ratio is 0.09, the optimal air flow rate is 20.62, while in the BH02 batch, when the air-fuel molar ratio is 0.10, the optimal air flow rate drops to 16.17. At the same time, the higher the gas flow rate, the more combustible gas components need to be burned, resulting in more optimal air flow required.

[0078] The embodiment of the present application combines the ambient temperature, ambient air pressure and air-fuel molar ratio to accurately calculate the optimal air flow rate, significantly improving the combustion efficiency and stability of the gas generator set. The central processing unit calculates the actual air density and accurately adjusts the air flow rate, thereby ensuring that the gas can be mixed with the air in the optimal proportion under different environmental conditions to achieve the effect of complete combustion, effectively improving thermal efficiency, reducing exhaust emissions, optimizing fuel utilization, and reducing fuel consumption.

[0079] Furthermore, the process of the central processor obtaining the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio by combining the gas component ratio of the combustible gas and the auto-ignition temperature difference includes:

[0080] According to the unit molecular mass of the fuel gas, the optimal air mass and the engine cylinder capacity of the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160, a first air-mixture density is obtained; and in combination with the ideal gas state equation and the first air-mixture density, a first air-mixture temperature is calculated, which is specifically expressed as:

[0081] ;

[0082] in, represents the first mixed gas temperature; represents the ambient air pressure; represents the unit gas constant; represents the first mixed gas density; Indicates the input gas flow; Indicates the unit molecular mass of the gas; Indicates the molar volume of the gas; represents said optimum air quality; Indicates the engine cylinder capacity; Indicates the unit molecular mass of the mixed gas;

[0083] According to the gas component ratio and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas, the second gas mixture temperature is obtained; and the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio is obtained by combining the first gas mixture temperature and the second gas mixture temperature, and the calculation formula is:

[0084] ;

[0085] in, represents the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio; represents the first mixed gas temperature; represents the second mixed gas temperature; Indicates the auto-ignition temperature corresponding to the combustible gas component with the highest proportion of the gas component in the fuel gas; Indicates The autoignition temperature difference of the combustible gas component is subtract the auto-ignition temperature of the combustible gas component from the combustible gas component with the highest proportion of the gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of the combustible gas composition; Indicates the number of combustible gas components in the fuel gas; Represents the weight coefficient, which is obtained by fitting the experimental data:

[0086] The unit regulator adjusts the piston top dead center of the cylinder in the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160 according to the mixed fuel compression ratio, so that the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel gas matches the compression ratio, thereby reducing hardware damage caused by detonation.

[0087] The embodiment of the present application combines the gas composition ratio of the combustible gas and the auto-ignition temperature difference to accurately calculate the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio, which significantly improves the combustion efficiency and stability of the gas generator set and ensures that the engine operates in the best working state. The accurate mixed fuel compression ratio not only improves the energy utilization rate of the generator set, but also effectively reduces exhaust emissions and improves environmental benefits.

[0088] Furthermore, the specific process of the central processor obtaining the load-heat rate function includes:

[0089] Combine the historical gas component ratio and the historical air flow in the data storage device to calculate the mixed gas lower heating value at the corresponding historical time; obtain the mixed gas flow according to the historical gas flow and the historical air flow at the same historical time; and construct a load-heat rate relationship model according to the mixed gas flow, the mixed gas lower heating value, the historical power generation duration and the historical load factor, which is expressed as:

[0090] ;

[0091] ;

[0092] in, represents the load-heat rate relationship model; represents the load factor; Indicates the heat rate of the generator set at rated power; Indicates the historical gas flow rate; representing said historical air flow rate; Indicates the historical power generation duration corresponding to the rated power; Indicates rated power; Indicates The historical gas composition ratio of each gas composition; Indicates The lower heating value of each gas component; Indicates the number of gas components in the fuel gas; , and Representing different relationship parameters of the load-heat rate relationship model;

[0093] The load-heat rate function is obtained by fitting the values ​​of the relationship parameters of the historical gas-fired power generation group data.

[0094] The embodiment of the present application optimizes the thermal efficiency of the gas generator set by obtaining the load-heat rate function. The central processing unit calculates the lower calorific value of the mixed gas and the mixed gas flow rate to construct a load-heat rate relationship model. This process obtains the relationship parameters through data fitting to form a load-heat rate function, which can accurately reflect the heat rate of the generator set under different load conditions.

[0095] Furthermore, the implementation process of the central processor acquiring the load-exhaust emission function includes:

[0096] According to the historical gas flow rate and the historical gas component ratio, the combustible component emission and the non-combustible component emission are calculated; the air non-oxygen emission is obtained by combining the oxygen consumption in the complete combustion reaction with the air-fuel molar ratio and the historical air flow rate; the combustible component emission, the non-combustible component emission and the air non-oxygen emission are calculated to obtain the ideal exhaust gas emission of the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160; according to the ideal exhaust gas emission and the historical load factor, a load-exhaust gas emission relationship model is constructed, which is expressed as:

[0097] ;

[0098] ;

[0099] in, representing the load-exhaust emission relationship model; represents the load factor; Indicates ideal exhaust gas emissions; Indicates the historical gas composition ratio of the combustible gas composition; Indicates the number of combustible gas components in the fuel gas; Indicates Unit exhaust gas emission of each combustible gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of non-combustible gas components; Indicates the number of gas components in the fuel gas; Indicates the historical gas flow rate; Indicates the proportion of oxygen in the air; representing said historical air flow rate; and Relationship parameters representing the load-exhaust emission relationship model;

[0100] The load-exhaust emission function is obtained by fitting the values ​​of the relationship parameters of the historical gas-fired power generation group data.

[0101] The embodiment of the present application significantly improves the emission control capability of the gas generator set by obtaining the load-exhaust emission function. The central processor can accurately predict the exhaust emission conditions under different loads, optimize the emission control strategy, and reduce incomplete combustion and exhaust emissions by constructing a load-exhaust emission relationship model and fitting it with historical data.

[0102] Furthermore, the gas cost function is generated by combining the load-heat rate function and the load-exhaust emission function; the optimal air flow, the gas flow at the gas inlet and the gas component ratio are substituted into the gas cost function, and the optimal load factor of the gas generator set is obtained by minimizing the gas cost function; the specific calculation formula is:

[0103] ;

[0104] in, Express request The optimal solution function of represents the gas cost function; represents the load factor; represents the load-heat rate function; represents the load-exhaust emission function; represents the weight parameter of the load-heat rate function, represents the weight parameter of the gas cost function, and The values ​​are all in the interval Inner ;

[0105] The unit regulator adjusts the rotation speeds of the compression ignition internal combustion engine 160 and the synchronous generator 170 according to the optimal load factor.

[0106] The embodiment of the present application achieves the improvement of combustion efficiency, energy utilization rate and emission control of gas generator sets by designing intelligently controlled gas generator sets. The specific implementation process mainly includes the following steps: (1) adjusting the air intake according to the gas composition; (2) determining the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio according to the gas composition; (3) adjusting the optimal load factor. For the above three processes, the optimal air flow rate, the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio and the gas cost function are proposed respectively; the optimal air flow rate achieves the improvement of combustion efficiency and the reduction of exhaust emissions, and improves the energy utilization rate of the gas generator set; the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio further improves the combustion efficiency and stability, and reduces fuel consumption; the gas cost function further improves the efficiency of gas use, reduces the emission of environmental pollutants, and improves the charging efficiency.

[0107] Embodiment 2

[0108] In the first embodiment, the gas generator set proposed by the present invention performs intelligent control on the generator set according to the different components of the gas. In the embodiment of the present application, a gas generator set control system applied to a gas generator set A will be described. Figure 3 The gas generator set control system includes: a set data acquisition module, an air flow regulation module, an engine regulation module and a generator set regulation module.

[0109] The unit data acquisition module collects the gas composition ratio, ambient temperature and ambient pressure of the fuel gas in real time through gas sensors, temperature sensors and pressure sensors.

[0110] Furthermore, the air flow regulation module calculates the molar ratio of the gas component and the air according to the combustion reaction equation of the gas component to obtain the air-fuel molar ratio; calculates the actual air density in combination with the ambient temperature and the ambient air pressure; obtains the optimal air flow through the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density; and regulates the air intake of the engine according to the optimal air flow.

[0111] Furthermore, the engine adjustment module obtains the best air quality and unit molecular weight of the fuel gas, and obtains the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio by combining the gas component ratio and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas; the specific implementation process of the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio includes:

[0112] According to the fuel gas unit molecular mass, the optimal air mass and the engine cylinder capacity, a first mixed gas density is obtained; and in combination with the ideal gas state equation and the first mixed gas density, a first mixed gas temperature is calculated, which is specifically expressed as:

[0113] ;

[0114] in, represents the first mixed gas temperature; represents the ambient air pressure; represents the unit gas constant; represents the first mixed gas density; Indicates the input gas flow; Indicates the unit molecular mass of the gas; Indicates the molar volume of the gas; represents said optimum air quality; Indicates the engine cylinder capacity; Indicates the unit molecular mass of the mixed gas;

[0115] According to the gas component ratio and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas, the second gas mixture temperature is obtained; and the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio is obtained by combining the first gas mixture temperature and the second gas mixture temperature, and the calculation formula is:

[0116] ;

[0117] in, represents the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio; represents the second mixed gas temperature; Indicates the auto-ignition temperature corresponding to the combustible gas component with the highest proportion of the gas component in the fuel gas; Indicates The autoignition temperature difference of the combustible gas component is subtract the auto-ignition temperature of the combustible gas component from the combustible gas component with the highest proportion of the gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of the combustible gas composition; Indicates the number of combustible gas components in the fuel gas; represents the weight coefficient, which is obtained by fitting the experimental data;

[0118] The piston position of the engine cylinder is adjusted according to the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio.

[0119] The embodiment of the present application exemplarily provides a comparison of the first mixed gas temperatures of different batches of gas. Table 4 lists the first mixed gas temperatures of different batches of gas. Among them, the ambient pressure is ; The unit gas constant is ; Engine cylinder capacity is ; The molar volume of the gas is .

[0120] Table 4. First gas mixture temperature of different batches of gas

[0121]

[0122] Furthermore, the generator set adjustment module constructs a load-heat rate relationship model and a load-exhaust emission relationship model based on historical gas-fired power generation set data, obtains a load-heat rate function and a load-exhaust emission function through data fitting, and generates a gas cost function; substitutes the gas flow rate, the optimal air flow rate and the gas component ratio into the gas cost function, and obtains the optimal load factor by minimizing the gas cost function; and adjusts the speed of the engine and the generator according to the optimal load factor.

[0123] The embodiment of the present application realizes precise control of the gas generator set through the coordinated work of the unit data acquisition module, the air flow regulation module, the engine regulation module and the generator set regulation module. The air flow regulation module determines the optimal air flow by calculating the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density to ensure the efficiency and stability of the combustion process; the engine regulation module optimizes the mixed fuel compression ratio through the auto-ignition temperature difference to improve the engine's working efficiency and reduce energy consumption; the generator set regulation module combines historical data to accurately construct the load-heat rate and load-exhaust emission models, generate a gas cost function to optimize the load factor, and reduce gas consumption and exhaust emissions. The system can effectively improve the power generation efficiency of the gas generator set, reduce gas consumption and environmental pollution, improve economy and environmental protection, and has a significant energy-saving and emission reduction effect.

[0124] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligently controlled gas generator set, characterized in that: It includes a compression ignition internal combustion engine, a synchronous generator, an intelligent control box and several sensors; the intelligent control box includes a display screen, a data storage device, a central processing unit and a unit regulator; The compression ignition internal combustion engine is connected to the air inlet and the gas inlet through a mixing pipe and a mixer, and is connected to the synchronous generator through a mechanical coupling; the intelligent control box is connected to a plurality of the sensors, the compression ignition internal combustion engine and the synchronous generator through a data bus; The central processor receives the gas composition ratio, ambient temperature and ambient pressure of the gas inlet collected by the sensor, determines the input gas flow rate according to the power demand, and calculates the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density to obtain the optimal air flow rate; the unit regulator adjusts the air intake of the air inlet according to the optimal air flow rate; the air and gas are mixed by the mixer and transmitted to the cylinder; The central processor obtains an ideal mixed fuel compression ratio through the gas component ratio and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas in the cylinder; the unit regulator adjusts the piston top dead center of the cylinder according to the mixed fuel compression ratio; The central processor calculates the gas cost function according to the historical gas power generation group data to obtain the optimal load factor; the unit regulator adjusts the rotation speed of the compression ignition internal combustion engine and the synchronous generator according to the optimal load factor.

2. The intelligently controlled gas generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake of the compression ignition internal combustion engine is provided with several sensors, including a gas sensor, a temperature sensor and an air pressure sensor; the exhaust port of the compression ignition internal combustion engine is provided with a flow sensor for measuring the flow rate of exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder; the exhaust port is connected to an exhaust gas processor, and the exhaust gas processor is used to process the exhaust gas discharged by the engine and discharge it after meeting the standards.

3. The intelligently controlled gas-fired generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data storage device is used to store the historical gas-fired power generation group data, the collected data of the sensor, the operating parameters of the compression-ignition internal combustion engine, the operating parameters of the synchronous generator, the gas-fired power generation group control program and the adjustment data transmitted by the central processor; The display screen is used to read and display the acquisition parameters, operating parameters and adjustment parameters in the data storage device; the central processing unit monitors various operating parameters in real time, finds abnormal conditions and sends a warning signal to the display screen; the display screen receives the warning signal, sends an alarm and displays abnormal information.

4. The intelligently controlled gas-fired generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the optimal air flow, the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio and the optimal load factor includes: The central processing unit calculates the air-fuel molar ratio in combination with the combustion reaction equation of the gas components; determines the actual air density through the ambient temperature and the ambient air pressure; obtains the optimal air flow rate through the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density; obtains the optimal air quality and the unit molecular mass of the fuel gas, and obtains the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio in combination with the gas component proportion and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas; The central processor constructs a load-heat rate relationship model and a load-waste emission relationship model based on the historical gas-fired power generation group data, obtains a load-heat rate function and a load-waste emission function through data fitting, and generates the gas cost function; substitutes the gas flow rate, the optimal air flow rate and the gas component ratio into the gas cost function, and obtains the optimal load factor by minimizing the gas cost function; the historical gas-fired power generation group data includes historical gas flow rate, historical gas component ratio, historical air flow rate, historical load factor, historical power generation time and historical waste gas emissions.

5. The intelligently controlled gas-fired generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The central processor calculates the air-fuel molar ratio in combination with the combustion reaction equation of the gas components, and the implementation process includes: According to the gas component ratio and the combustion reaction equation, the oxygen demand of different gas components is obtained, and the oxygen demand for complete combustion of the fuel gas is obtained by the gas component ratio; combined with the proportion of oxygen in the air, the air-fuel molar ratio is obtained, and the specific calculation formula is: ； in, is the air-fuel molar ratio; Represents one mole Oxygen demand of each gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of each gas composition; It represents the mole fraction of oxygen in the air; Indicates the total number of gas components in the fuel.

6. The intelligently controlled gas-fired generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific implementation process of the air flow regulating module obtaining the optimal air flow by combining the ambient temperature, the ambient air pressure and the air-fuel molar ratio is as follows: According to the ambient temperature and the ambient pressure, the actual air density is calculated; the unit molecular mass of the fuel gas is obtained by the gas component ratio of the fuel gas; the input fuel flow rate is obtained, and the optimal air flow rate is obtained by combining the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density. The specific formula is expressed as follows: ； ； in, represents said optimum air flow rate; Indicates optimal air quality; represents the ambient air pressure; represents the ambient temperature; represents the unit gas constant; represents the air-fuel molar ratio; Indicates the unit molecular mass of air; Indicates the unit molecular mass of gas; Indicates the input gas flow; Indicates the gas The unit molecular mass of each gas component; Indicates The gas composition ratio of each gas composition; represents an influencing factor of the optimal air flow; Represents the influencing factor of the optimal air quality.

7. The intelligently controlled gas-fired generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of the central processor obtaining the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio by combining the gas component ratio of the combustible gas and the auto-ignition temperature difference includes: A first air-mixture density is obtained according to the gas component ratio, the optimal air mass and the engine cylinder capacity; a first air-mixture temperature is calculated by combining the ideal gas state equation and the first air-mixture density; a second air-mixture temperature is obtained according to the gas component ratio of the combustible gas and the auto-ignition temperature difference; an ideal mixed fuel compression ratio is obtained by combining the first air-mixture temperature and the second air-mixture temperature.

8. The intelligently controlled gas-fired generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process of the central processor obtaining the load-heat rate function includes: Combine the historical gas component ratio and the historical air flow rate to calculate the lower heating value of the mixed gas at the corresponding historical time; obtain the mixed gas flow rate based on the historical gas flow rate and the historical air flow rate at the same historical time; construct a load-heat rate relationship model based on the mixed gas flow rate, the mixed gas lower heating value, the historical power generation duration and the historical load factor; obtain the relationship parameters by fitting the historical gas power generation group data to obtain the load-heat rate function.

9. The intelligently controlled gas-fired generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The implementation process of the central processor obtaining the load-exhaust emission function includes: According to the historical gas flow rate and the historical gas component ratio, the combustible component emissions and the non-combustible component emissions are calculated; the air non-oxygen emissions are obtained by combining the oxygen consumption in the complete combustion reaction with the air-fuel molar ratio and the historical air flow rate; the combustible component emissions, the non-combustible component emissions and the air non-oxygen emissions are calculated to obtain the ideal exhaust gas emissions; according to the ideal exhaust gas emissions and the historical load factor, a load-exhaust gas emission relationship model is constructed, and the relationship parameters are fitted by the historical gas power generation group data to obtain the load-exhaust gas emission function.

10. A gas generator set control system, characterized in that: include: The unit data acquisition module collects the gas composition ratio, ambient temperature and ambient pressure of the fuel gas in real time through gas sensors, temperature sensors and pressure sensors; The air flow regulating module calculates the molar ratio of the gas component and the air according to the combustion reaction equation of the gas component to obtain the air-fuel molar ratio; calculates the actual air density in combination with the ambient temperature and the ambient air pressure; obtains the optimal air flow through the air-fuel molar ratio and the actual air density; and regulates the air intake of the engine according to the optimal air flow; The engine adjustment module obtains the best air quality and unit molecular mass of the fuel gas, and obtains the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio by combining the gas component ratio and the auto-ignition temperature difference of the combustible gas; and adjusts the piston position of the engine cylinder according to the ideal mixed fuel compression ratio; The generator set adjustment module constructs a load-heat rate relationship model and a load-exhaust emission relationship model based on historical gas-fired power generation set data, obtains a load-heat rate function and a load-exhaust emission function through data fitting, and generates a gas cost function; substitutes the gas flow rate, the optimal air flow rate and the gas component ratio into the gas cost function, and obtains the optimal load factor by minimizing the gas cost function; and adjusts the speed of the engine and the generator according to the optimal load factor.

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