Device and method for artificially restoring ecology of mining area

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for artificially recovering the ecology of a mining area, which comprises a foldable multi-layer tower-shaped structure and a capturer arranged in the multi-layer tower-shaped structure, the catcher is mainly composed of a block frame and activated carbon particles arranged in the block frame. The foldable multi-layer tower-shaped structure is mainly composed of base discs which are stacked from bottom to top and supporting folding strips which are used for connecting and supporting the base discs. Accordingly, the inventor establishes a method for artificially restoring the ecology of the mining area, the device is unfolded and placed in the mining area with the ecology being destroyed, soil particles, broken stones, plant fragments, bird droppings and the like in the mining area are captured through the capturer and gathered to form an ecological island, a growth environment is provided for plants, insects, microorganisms and the like, and the purpose of restoring the ecology of the mining area is achieved. Therefore, the environmental problems of soil loss and vegetation damage after mining of the mining area are solved. In short, the device is simple in structure, integrated, convenient to process, operate, transport and mount, high in space utilization rate, cost-saving, environment-friendly and pollution-free.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment restoration and soil restoration, and in particular relates to a device and method for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area. Background Art

[0002] Mining is a kind of mining and processing activity to obtain underground and surface mineral resources. Mining covers a series of processes from geological exploration, resource assessment to actual mining and processing. Mining includes two main methods: underground mining and open-pit mining. Open-pit mining refers to the method of excavating and mining on the surface to obtain surface mineral resources. This method is usually suitable for large-scale mining, such as mining coal, iron ore, copper ore, etc. Open-pit mining mostly involves the excavation and stacking of waste soil to form large mining pits or mining sites. This kind of mining activity will cause large tracts of land to be destroyed, excavated, stripped or garbage piled up, causing the vegetation on the soil surface to be destroyed, the soil layer to be disturbed, stripped and mixed, the original soil structure to disintegrate, the soil quality to decline, the water retention capacity to decline, the nutrients to decrease, and cause serious damage to the ecosystem. The details are as follows:

[0003] Vegetation destruction: Mining activities destroy or remove vegetation cover, including trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, within mining areas. This results in plant mortality and habitat loss, which directly affects plant species diversity and plant community structure.

[0004] Soil erosion and quality degradation: Mining causes excavation and disturbance of the land surface, destroying the soil structure and organic matter content. This makes the soil susceptible to water and wind erosion, leading to increased soil erosion, reduced water retention capacity and nutrient loss, which in turn affects plant regeneration and ecosystem stability.

[0005] Loss of animal habitat: Mining activities destroy wildlife habitats. Factors such as construction and noise disturbance, damage and lack of food resources make wildlife habitats in mining areas unsuitable or completely lost, resulting in animal migration, death or the withdrawal of entire animal populations.

[0006] Biodiversity reduction: Mining leads to the destruction of ecosystems and loss of habitats, which directly leads to the reduction of biodiversity. Many species cannot survive in mining areas or lose their suitable living environment, resulting in the loss of regional biodiversity.

[0007] In summary, since the ecological destruction in mining areas has caused serious impacts on the environment and human health, it is of great scientific research and practical value to carry out artificial restoration of mining area ecology and rebuild the land, water source and ecosystem in mining areas. Most of the existing mining area ecological restoration methods rely on natural restoration or physical and chemical treatment, and the results are not satisfactory. The natural restoration of mining areas often takes decades or even longer, and the effect is uncertain. Because some mining areas have experienced a strong loss of vegetation and soil, naturally driven restoration often cannot restore the original ecosystem structure and function. The current mining area ecological restoration methods include physical and chemical treatment, biological restoration and other means, but they have limitations. Among them, imported soil is a common physical restoration method, that is, soil or rock transported from the external environment or place is used to improve, repair or cover the original soil surface at a certain location or place to provide a better growth environment for plants, promote plant root growth, and support the re-establishment of the ecosystem. In addition, these methods are costly, the effects are difficult to last, and they cannot adapt to the needs of different mining area environments. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area which has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, is convenient to use and has a good effect.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] The device for artificially restoring the ecology of mining areas comprises a foldable multi-layer tower structure and a capturer, wherein the capturer is arranged inside the multi-layer tower structure; the capturer is mainly composed of a block frame and activated carbon particles arranged therein; the foldable multi-layer tower structure is mainly composed of base plates stacked from bottom to top and supporting folding strips connecting and supporting each layer of the base plates.

[0011] The base plate is an annular cylinder, which is composed of two upper and lower annular surfaces and a supporting column connecting and supporting the two annular surfaces. The whole is a sandwich hollow structure; the capturer is arranged in the sandwich hollow structure, and one end of the block frame is rotatably connected to the supporting column.

[0012] The foldable multi-layer tower structure is mainly composed of four base plates stacked from bottom to top, the inner diameter of each base plate is larger than the outer diameter of the upper base plate, and it is disc-shaped after being folded and compressed.

[0013] The base disc is made of cellulose material.

[0014] The supporting folding strip is in the shape of a cuboid, which is composed of two small cuboids above and below and a folding hinge connecting the two small cuboids, and the whole is a sandwich hollow structure; the capturer is arranged in the sandwich hollow structure, and one end of the block frame is rotatably connected to the folding hinge.

[0015] The block frame is a hollow frame structure, and the activated carbon particles are connected in series with series lines and constrained and placed in the hollow frame structure.

[0016] The block frame is made of cellulose material.

[0017] The above-mentioned device for artificially restoring the ecology of mining areas is used for artificially restoring the ecology of mining areas.

[0018] The method of artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area is to deploy the above-mentioned device and place it in a mining area where the ecology has been damaged. The soil particles, gravel, plant fragments, bird droppings, etc. in the mining area are captured by the capture device and gathered to form an ecological island, providing a growth environment for plants, insects, microorganisms, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of ecological restoration of the mining area.

[0019] In view of the current problems of ecological restoration in mining areas, the inventor has designed a device for artificially restoring the ecology of mining areas, including a foldable multi-layer tower structure and a capturer, the capturer is arranged inside the multi-layer tower structure; the capturer is mainly composed of a block frame and activated carbon particles arranged therein; the foldable multi-layer tower structure is mainly composed of a base plate stacked from bottom to top and a supporting folding strip connecting and supporting each layer of the base plate. Based on this, the inventor has established a method for artificially restoring the ecology of mining areas, unfolding the above-mentioned device and placing it in a mining area where the ecology is damaged, and the soil particles, gravel, plant fragments, bird feces, etc. in the mining area are captured by the capturer to form an ecological island, providing a growth environment for plants, insects, microorganisms, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of ecological restoration in mining areas, and then solve the environmental problems of soil loss and vegetation destruction after mining in mining areas. In short, the device of the present invention has a simple structure, is seamless, easy to process and operate, convenient to transport, has high space utilization, saves costs, is easy to install, is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and can be widely used in artificially restoring the ecology of mining areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area when it is unfolded.

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area after being folded and compressed.

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a capture device in a base plate of a device for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area.

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a capture device in a supporting folding strip in a device for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area.

[0024] In the figure: 1 base plate, 2 supporting folding strips, 3 capture device, 4 activated carbon particles, 5 supporting small columns, 6 folding hinges. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] 1. Basic structure

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the device for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area of ​​the present invention comprises a foldable multi-layer tower structure and a catcher, wherein the catcher 3 is arranged inside the multi-layer tower structure; the catcher is mainly composed of a block frame and activated carbon particles 4 arranged therein; the foldable multi-layer tower structure is mainly composed of a base plate 1 stacked from bottom to top and a supporting folding strip 2 connecting and supporting each layer of the base plate.

[0027] The base is a circular cylinder, which is composed of two upper and lower circular surfaces and a supporting column 5 connecting and supporting the two circular surfaces. The whole is a sandwich hollow structure, which serves as a basic framework and also provides a loading site for the capturer. The capturer is arranged in the sandwich hollow structure, and one end of the block frame is rotated to connect the supporting column. When not in use, the capturer is in the sandwich, which improves the space utilization and facilitates transportation; when in use, the capturer is unfolded to increase the floor space and improve the capture efficiency. In general, the foldable multi-layer tower structure is mainly composed of four layers of base plates stacked from bottom to top, and the inner diameter of each layer of the base plate is larger than the outer diameter of the upper layer of the base plate, and it is disc-shaped after folding and compression. The number of base plates can be increased or decreased as needed. The base plate is made of cellulose nanofibrils CNF (Nanjing Tianlu Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., solid content 2%, nanocellulose fibrils, 1 kg / bottle), which is renewable, lightweight, has good strength and rigidity, is pollution-free to the environment, and can absorb water and expand.

[0028] The supporting folding strip is in the shape of a cuboid, which is composed of two small cuboids above and below and a folding hinge 6 connecting the two small cuboids, so that it can be folded inward from the center to bring each base plate into the largest base plate to compress the space. The whole structure is a sandwich hollow structure; the capture device is arranged in the sandwich hollow structure, and one end of the block frame is rotatably connected to the folding hinge.

[0029] The block frame is a hollow frame structure, which is used as a carrier to carry activated carbon particles. The activated carbon particles are connected in series and placed in the hollow frame structure. Compared with the base plate, the block frame uses harder carboxylated cellulose nano whiskers C-CNC (Nanjing Tianlu Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., solid content 4%, carboxylated modified cellulose nanocrystals, 1 kg / bottle), which has good processability, plasticity and designability.

[0030] 2. Usage

[0031] The method of artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area is to deploy the above-mentioned device and place it in a mining area where the ecology has been damaged. The soil particles, gravel, plant fragments, bird droppings, etc. in the mining area are captured by the capture device and gathered to form an ecological island, providing a growth environment for plants, insects, microorganisms, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of ecological restoration of the mining area, and then solve the environmental problems of soil loss and vegetation destruction after mining in the mining area.

[0032] Specifically:

[0033] When using, the operator must first open the tool, pull up the base plate in order from small to large specifications, make sure that the support folding strips supporting each layer are fully unfolded, and have a tendency to extend outward from top to bottom to ensure that the device as a whole does not collapse. Finally, the capturer is rotated out from the base plate and the support folding strips. At the same time, the capturer carried by the largest base plate can be adjusted to an appropriate angle to increase the stability of the device standing on the ground. After the device is opened, there are two ways to place it. One is to place it directly on the exposed ground, and the other can be placed on a thin woody plant. If the plant has fewer or shorter side branches, no excessive treatment is required. If the plant has more or longer side branches, its side branches should be guided to extend from the gaps in the support folding strips. Since the base plate and the support folding strips are both hollow sandwich structures, after the capturer is rotated out, it changes from serving as a carrier to capturing work, and can capture relatively large leaves, branches, etc. In addition, the gaps between adjacent support folding strips can also be captured, which greatly improves the capture efficiency. The entire device is made of cellulose material, which has a certain water absorption capacity. After absorbing water, it expands and locks in moisture, providing a humid environment for plants, fungi, microorganisms, etc., and promoting their growth.

[0034] During the implementation process, different specifications of the device can be selected according to the specific situation. Generally, the standard device is a four-base structure. If the area is windy and sandy and the vegetation is severely damaged, the number of bases can be reduced, the base diameter can be increased, the overall height can be reduced, the grip can be improved, and the stability of the device can be ensured; if the wind in the area is relatively stable and the degree of vegetation damage is low, the height of the base can be appropriately increased to improve the space utilization per unit area. At the same time, to ensure the stability of the device, the device can be placed on thin woody plants. The cellulose material can ensure that the health of the plant is not affected, and at the same time provide external protection for it, improve the plant's ability to resist wind and sand, and can also capture the nutrients and water needed for its growth. The device is mainly made of cellulose material, which has the characteristics of light weight, good strength and rigidity, wear resistance, green environmental protection, low cost, etc. It is light and fast to transport. After the device is set up for sampling, there is no need for personnel to guard it, and the device will not pollute the environment after it is scrapped.

[0035] In summary, the present invention has many significant innovations and advantages:

[0036] First, the base, supporting folding strips, and capture devices all adopt a frame structure, that is, unnecessary surfaces are removed and the frame is retained, which can produce a large number of gaps, increase the capture probability, and reduce the impact of wind on the device. When the device is put on a thin woody plant, the plant branches can extend through the gaps to ensure normal plant photosynthesis. While providing external protection for the thin plants, it does not affect the normal growth and development of the plants, thereby improving the survival rate.

[0037] Second, there are two types of capture devices: one with a base plate as the mounting site, in an arc shape, and rotating horizontally; the other with a supporting folding strip as the mounting site, rotating up and down, thus diversifying the capture forms. Moreover, the capture device is rotatably connected to the supporting column and the folding hinge, and can rotate with the wind, so it can be regarded as a directional capture of various substances, improving the capture efficiency, while avoiding the device from confronting the wind head-on over a large area, and increasing the stability of the device.

[0038] Third, the activated carbon particles are strung together with wires and connected to supporting columns or folding hinges. The diameter of the activated carbon particles is slightly wider than the block frame. If the carbon particles escape from the capture device, the integrity of the carbon particles and the device can still be guaranteed, and the function can be exerted, and the fault tolerance of the device is improved. The activated carbon particles are microporous structures. The pore size of the microporous structure is usually in the range of nanometers to micrometers. It is composed of multiple holes or pores to form a pore network with a high specific surface area. It can adsorb gases and capture soil particles. At the same time, due to its porosity, the density is relatively low and the weight is light.

[0039] Fourth, the folding hinge structure in the middle of the folding support bar enables it to fold inward, thereby compressing the base to a uniform level and forming a disc shape. The various structures are compactly placed, which reduces space occupancy, facilitates transportation, and ensures that important structures are not easily destroyed, reducing damage.

[0040] Fifth, the device of the present invention is mostly made of cellulose material, which is lightweight, renewable, has good strength and rigidity, strong plasticity, low cost, and no pollution to the environment. It has certain water absorption and water retention properties, which can preserve water for plants, reduce surface runoff, and prevent soil erosion to a certain extent.

[0041] Sixth, cellulosic materials can be decomposed by microorganisms, and the duration of the device's structural function should be consistent with the time it takes to establish a good ecological environment. In the early and middle stages, the number of vegetation or microorganisms contained in the device is small, and the structural function should be guaranteed to work and capture a large amount of material to establish a land-based ecological island. After the initial ecological island is established, the biomass in the area is relatively high, and the structural function is no longer needed. A large number of microorganisms are used to accelerate the decomposition device to further consolidate the ecological island and improve the stability of the ecological environment.

Claims

1. A device for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area, characterized in that It includes a foldable multi-layer tower structure and a collector, wherein the collector is arranged inside the multi-layer tower structure; the collector is mainly composed of a block frame and activated carbon particles arranged therein; the foldable multi-layer tower structure is mainly composed of base plates stacked from bottom to top and supporting folding strips connecting and supporting each layer of the base plates.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is an annular cylinder, which is composed of two upper and lower annular surfaces and a supporting column connecting and supporting the two annular surfaces. The whole is a sandwich hollow structure; the capturer is arranged in the sandwich hollow structure, and one end of the block frame is rotatably connected to the supporting column.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foldable multi-layer tower structure is mainly composed of four base plates stacked from bottom to top, the inner diameter of each base plate is larger than the outer diameter of the upper base plate, and is disc-shaped after being folded and compressed.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is made of cellulose material.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting folding strip is in the shape of a cuboid, which is composed of two small cuboids above and below and a folding hinge connecting the two small cuboids, and the whole is a sandwich hollow structure; The capture device is arranged in the sandwich hollow structure, and one end of the block frame is rotatably connected to the folding hinge.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The block frame is a hollow frame structure, and the activated carbon particles are connected in series with series lines and are placed in the hollow frame structure.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The block frame is made of cellulose material.

8. The device for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area as described in claim 1 is used for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area.

9. A method for artificially restoring the ecology of a mining area, characterized in that: The device described in claim 1 is deployed and placed in an ecologically damaged mining area, and soil particles, gravel, plant fragments, bird droppings, etc. in the mining area are captured by the capture device and gathered to form an ecological island, providing a growth environment for plants, insects, microorganisms, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of ecological restoration of the mining area.

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