Porous carbon material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a porous carbon material and a preparation method and application thereof, the method comprises an activation step of activating a carbonized material, and the activation step comprises placing the carbonized material in a product channel of a split-phase rotary furnace, a basic activation area, a chambering activation area and a supplementary activation area which are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction of the carbonized material are formed in the split-phase product channel; the activation step comprises the step of activating for 80-200 minutes at the temperature of 800-850 DEG C in a basic activation area; activating for 80-120 minutes at the temperature of 850-900 DEG C in a reaming activation area, and then activating for 80-120 minutes at the temperature of 900-850 DEG C; and activating for 60-120 minutes at the temperature of 850-750 DEG C in a supplementary activation area. The porous carbon material obtained by adopting the preparation method has micropores with larger specific surface area and smaller pore diameter, the application range of the porous carbon material is expanded, and the performance of downstream products is favorably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of activated carbon, and specifically relates to a porous carbon material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Transforming and upgrading biomass materials or low-rank coal to obtain high-value-added activated carbon is one of the current means of recycling biomass materials and low-rank coal.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN114368750A discloses a process for producing activated carbon using landscaping waste, which includes the following steps: (1) shaping the raw materials, preliminarily treating the raw materials, and picking out non-greening material waste in the landscaping waste; (2) crushing and drying the greening materials; (3) dry distilling and carbonizing the greening materials to produce activated carbon base material, and the preheat generated by the dry distillation and carbonization process is input into the drying equipment in step two; (4) using steam activation equipment to treat the base material produced in step three to produce activated carbon; and (5) cooling and packaging the product.

[0004] For example, a Chinese invention patent with publication number CN114890420A discloses a method for preparing a new type of coal-based porous carbon electrode material, which comprises: (1) solid-phase mechanochemical activation, crushing and screening low-rank coal, mixing it with an iron metal catalyst and a chemical activator in proportion, placing it in a ball mill, and using dry ball milling to obtain a mixture; (2) high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis, placing the ball-milled mixture obtained in the first step in a tubular furnace, and performing high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis; (3) impurity removal and purification; and (4) vacuum drying.

[0005] However, the specific surface area of ​​the new coal-based porous carbon prepared by the above method is only 1000m 2 / g, and the pore size is mainly distributed below 5nm. The performance of supercapacitor carbon prepared by using this porous carbon still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a porous carbon material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the porous carbon material has excellent physical properties.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for preparing a porous carbon material, comprising an activation step of activating a carbonized material, wherein the activation step comprises placing the carbonized material into a product channel of a phase-separated rotary furnace, wherein a basic activation zone, a pore-expanding activation zone and a supplementary activation zone are sequentially arranged along a forward direction of the carbonized material in the phase-separated product channel;

[0009] The activation step comprises:

[0010] A step of activating at 800-850° C. for 80-200 min in the basic activation zone;

[0011] The step of activating at 850-900° C. for 80-120 min and then activating at 900-850° C. for 80-120 min in the pore expansion activation zone;

[0012] The step of activating at 850-750° C. for 60-120 min in the supplementary activation zone.

[0013] The present invention divides the product channel into a basic activation zone, a hole expansion activation zone and a supplementary activation zone in sequence. The activation temperature and activation time in each activation zone are different, so that the activation process occurring in the product channel becomes a cyclic and progressive process; wherein, the basic activation zone is mainly used for surface hole expansion of the carbonized material; the hole expansion activation zone is mainly used for deep hole expansion of the carbonized material, deepening the channel and extending it into the interior of the carbonized material to form a deep channel; and the supplementary activation zone is mainly used for continuing to form secondary channels on the inner wall of the deep channel formed on the basis of the hole expansion activation zone, and continuing to form channels on the surface of the carbonized material; thereby, the finally obtained porous carbon material has a larger specific surface area and micropores with smaller pore size, which expands the application range of the porous carbon material and is beneficial to improving the performance of downstream products.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned preparation method, the length of the product channel is 8-10 m; the length ratio of the basic activation zone, the pore expansion activation zone and the supplementary activation zone is 3:4.5:2.5.

[0015] Preferably, in the above preparation method, at least one branch steam pipe for conveying water vapor into the product channel and at least one branch air pipe for conveying air into the product channel are provided in the product channel, and the branch steam pipe and the branch air pipe extend to the entire product channel;

[0016] The branch steam pipe is provided with at least one row of steam distribution holes arranged along the length direction, and the density of the steam distribution holes in the hole expansion activation zone is greater than that in the basic activation zone and the supplementary activation zone;

[0017] Alternatively or and, the branch air pipe is provided with at least one row of air distribution holes arranged along the length direction, and the density of the air distribution holes in the hole expansion activation zone is greater than that in the basic activation zone and the supplementary activation zone.

[0018] The water vapor and air introduced into the product channel not only participate in the activation process, but are also the main factors controlling the temperature in the product channel; by controlling the density distribution of the steam holes on the branch steam pipe and the density distribution of the air holes on the branch air pipe, the amount of steam and air reaching the corresponding activation zone can be controlled, thereby controlling the activation temperature in each activation zone.

[0019] As a further preference, in the above-mentioned preparation method, based on the steam amount in the entire product channel being 100%, the steam amount in the basic activation zone accounts for 20-30%, the steam amount in the pore expansion activation zone accounts for 50-55%, and the steam amount in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20-25%.

[0020] As a further preference, in the above-mentioned preparation method, the phase-split rotary furnace is provided with 6-10 product channels, and the branch steam pipes in all product channels are connected to the main steam pipe; the main steam pipe is provided with a steam flow meter, which is used to control the steam flow in the main steam pipe to 0.3-0.5 tons / h.

[0021] Similarly, as a further preference, in the above-mentioned preparation method, based on the air volume in the entire product channel being 100%, the air volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 20-30%, the air volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 50-55%, and the air volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20-25%.

[0022] As a further preferred embodiment, in the above-mentioned preparation method, the phase-separated rotary furnace is provided with 6-10 product channels, and the branch air pipes in all product channels are connected to the main air pipe;

[0023] The main air pipe is equipped with an air flow meter, which is used to control the total air flow in the main air pipe to 1500-2500m 3 / h.

[0024] Preferably, in the above-mentioned preparation method, the phase-separated rotary furnace comprises a furnace body, a central flue is provided in the furnace body, and a plurality of product channels are distributed on the periphery of the central flue;

[0025] At the discharge end of each product channel, a shaping cavity communicating with each product channel is also provided in the furnace body;

[0026] The length of the molding cavity is 1.5-3m;

[0027] Water vapor and air are not introduced into the molding cavity;

[0028] The activated carbonized material is mixed in the shaping cavity and shaped at 700-750° C. for 90-120 minutes before being discharged to obtain the porous carbon material.

[0029] In the present invention, the activated products in each product channel are not directly discharged, but are first mixed and shaped in a shaping chamber to obtain a porous carbon material with uniform and stable quality.

[0030] The present invention also provides a porous carbon material, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method;

[0031] The specific surface area of ​​the porous carbon material is 1600-2500m 2 / g, and the average pore size of the micropores is below 2nm.

[0032] The present invention also provides the use of the porous carbon material in preparing a supercapacitor or a silicon-carbon battery negative electrode.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of the technical solution of the present invention are embodied in:

[0034] (1) The present invention divides the product channel into a basic activation zone, a hole expansion activation zone and a supplementary activation zone in sequence. The activation temperature and activation time in each activation zone are different, so that the activation process occurring in the product channel becomes a cyclic and progressive process; wherein the basic activation zone is mainly used for surface hole expansion of the carbonized material; the hole expansion activation zone is mainly used for deep hole expansion of the carbonized material, deepening the hole and extending it into the interior of the carbonized material to form a deep hole; and the supplementary activation zone is mainly used for continuing to form secondary holes on the inner wall of the deep hole formed in the hole expansion activation zone, and continuing to form holes on the surface of the carbonized material; thereby, the finally obtained porous carbon material has a larger specific surface area and micropores with smaller pore size, which expands the application range of the porous carbon material and is beneficial to improving the performance of downstream products.

[0035] (2) The present invention controls the density distribution of the steam holes on the branch steam pipes and the density distribution of the air holes on the branch air pipes to control the amount of steam and air in the corresponding activation zones, thereby controlling the activation temperature in each activation zone.

[0036] (3) The specific surface area of ​​the porous carbon material of the present invention is 1600-2500m 2 / g, the average pore size of the micropores is below 2nm, and the physical properties are excellent; and the specific surface area and micropore size of the porous carbon material can be adjusted by changing the activation conditions. The method is highly controllable and can customize porous carbon materials with relevant specific surface area and micropore size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Wherein, Relative pressure (P / Po) represents relative pressure (P / Po), Volume (cc / g) represents adsorption volume (cc / g); the same below;

[0039] Figure 2 The isotherm analysis result of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3This is a nitrogen adsorption-desorption BET curve of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Langmuir curve of nitrogen adsorption and desorption of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 BJH (adsorption) pore volume distribution dV / dD analysis of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Wherein, Pore Diameter [nm] represents the pore diameter (nm), Volume dV / dD (cc / g / nm) represents the differential volume dV / dD (cc / g / nm); the same below;

[0044] Figure 6 BJH (desorption) pore volume distribution dV / dD analysis of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 BJH (adsorption) pore volume distribution dV / dlog analysis of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Wherein, Volume dV / dlog(cc / g / nm) represents the differential volume dV / dlog(cc / g / nm); the same below;

[0047] Figure 8 BJH (desorption) pore volume distribution dV / dlog analysis of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 This is the t-Plot (adsorption) curve of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Wherein, Thickness[nm] represents thickness (nm), the same below;

[0050] Fig.10 The t-Plot (adsorption) curve analysis results of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.11 HK micropore distribution curve and analysis results of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.12 The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.13 The isotherm analysis results of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.14 This is a nitrogen adsorption-desorption BET curve of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.15 Langmuir curve of nitrogen adsorption and desorption of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.16 BJH (adsorption) pore volume distribution dV / dD analysis of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.17 BJH (desorption) pore volume distribution dV / dD analysis of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.18 BJH (adsorption) pore volume distribution dV / dlog analysis of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.19 BJH (desorption) pore volume distribution dV / dlog analysis of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0060] Fig. 20 This is the t-Plot (adsorption) curve of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.21 The t-Plot (adsorption) curve analysis results of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0062] Fig. 22 HK micropore distribution curve and analysis results of the porous carbon material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] This embodiment provides a porous carbon material, and the preparation method thereof includes:

[0066] (1) Carbonization step;

[0067] When the selected raw material is raw material, it is necessary to firstly perform carbonization treatment on the raw material, and the carbonization treatment method can adopt conventional technical means; obviously, when the selected raw material is carbonized material, it can be directly applied to step (2) of this embodiment.

[0068] Whether it is raw material or carbonized material, the raw materials that can be used in this embodiment include wood materials and coal materials; among them, the wood materials can be coconut shells, bamboo, wood or other biomass materials; the coal materials are preferably formed less than 180 million years ago;

[0069] The raw material used in this embodiment is coconut shell. The dried coconut shell is cut into small pieces of about 2-3 cm, and then carbonized in a carbonization furnace for 2 hours to obtain a carbonized material.

[0070] (2) Activation step;

[0071] The activation step is carried out in a phase-separated rotary kiln, the basic structure of which is the same as the "activation furnace" disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN114368750A. The phase-separated rotary kiln also includes a furnace body, a central flue is provided in the furnace body, and 8 product channels are distributed on the periphery of the central flue;

[0072] The difference from this "continuous dry distillation carbonization furnace" is:

[0073] Along the advancing direction of the carbonized material, each product channel is formed with a basic activation zone, a hole expansion activation zone and a supplementary activation zone arranged in sequence;

[0074] The length of the product channel is generally 8-10m (10m in this embodiment); the length ratio of the basic activation zone, the hole expansion activation zone and the supplementary activation zone is 3:4.5:2.5;

[0075] Each product channel is provided with at least one branch steam pipe (six in this embodiment) for conveying water vapor into the product channel and at least one branch air pipe (six in this embodiment) for conveying air into the product channel;

[0076] All the branch steam pipes in the product channels are connected to the main steam pipe, and a steam flow meter is installed on the main steam pipe. The steam flow meter is used to control the steam flow in the main steam pipe at 0.3-0.5 tons / h (0.375 tons / h in this embodiment); similarly, all the branch air pipes in the product channels are connected to the main air pipe, and an air flow meter is installed on the main air pipe. The air flow meter is used to control the total air flow in the main air pipe at 1500-2500m 3 / h (2000m / h in this embodiment) 3 / h);

[0077] In this embodiment, both the branch steam pipe and the branch air pipe extend to the entire product channel, and at least one row of steam distribution holes arranged along the length direction is provided on the branch steam pipe, and at least one row of air distribution holes arranged along the length direction is provided on the branch air pipe; however, the distribution density of the steam distribution holes on the entire branch steam pipe is not uniform, specifically, the density of the steam distribution holes in the hole expansion activation zone is greater than that in the basic activation zone and the supplementary activation zone;

[0078] Similarly, the distribution density of the air distribution holes on the entire branch air pipe is not uniform. Specifically, the density of the air distribution holes in the expansion activation zone is greater than that in the basic activation zone and the supplementary activation zone.

[0079] This makes the distribution of steam and air in each activation zone of the product channel inconsistent; specifically, if the steam volume in the entire product channel is 100%, the steam volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 30%, the steam volume in the expansion activation zone accounts for 50%, and the steam volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20%;

[0080] If the air volume in the entire product channel is 100%, the air volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 30%, the air volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 50%, and the air volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20%;

[0081] Under the support of steam and air and the heating of the central flue, the temperature in the basic activation zone of the product channel is 800-850℃ (the temperature at the end adjacent to the hole expansion activation zone is higher), the temperature in the hole expansion activation zone is 900-850℃ (the temperature at the center of the hole expansion zone reaches 900℃, and the temperature at both ends is slightly lower at 850℃), and the temperature in the supplementary activation zone is 850-750℃ (the temperature at the end close to the hole expansion activation zone is higher); the activation time (i.e., residence time) of the carbonized material in the basic activation zone is 180min, the activation time in the hole expansion activation zone is 270min, and the activation time in the supplementary activation zone is 150min;

[0082] At the discharge end of each product channel, a shaping cavity connected to each product channel is provided in the furnace body, and the length of the shaping cavity is 2m. No water vapor and air are introduced into the shaping cavity, and the activated carbonized materials from each product channel are mixed in the shaping cavity and shaped at 750-700°C (the temperature near the end of the supplementary activation zone is higher) for 120 minutes before being discharged, so as to obtain the porous carbon material of this embodiment.

[0083] The physical properties of the porous carbon material of this embodiment are analyzed, and the analysis results are as follows: Figures 1 to 11 And as shown in Table 1.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] This embodiment provides a porous carbon material, and its preparation method is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0086] The raw material used is bamboo, and the carbonization method is the same as that in Example 1;

[0087] In step (2), based on the steam volume in the entire product channel being 100%, the steam volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 30%, the steam volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 50%, and the steam volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20%;

[0088] If the air volume in the entire product channel is 100%, the air volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 30%, the air volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 50%, and the air volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 25%;

[0089] The activation time (i.e., residence time) of the carbonized material in the basic activation zone is 200 min, the activation time in the hole expansion activation zone is 300 min, and the activation time in the supplementary activation zone is 167 min;

[0090] The activated carbonized material is shaped in the shaping chamber for 133 minutes.

[0091] The physical properties of the porous carbon material of this embodiment are analyzed, and the analysis results are as follows: Figures 12 to 22 As shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 Physical properties analysis of porous carbon materials of Examples 1-2

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Example 3

[0096] This embodiment provides a porous carbon material, and its preparation method is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0097] The raw material used is wood, and the carbonization method is the same as in Example 1;

[0098] In step (2), based on the steam volume in the entire product channel being 100%, the steam volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 20%, the steam volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 55%, and the steam volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 25%;

[0099] If the air volume in the entire product channel is 100%, the air volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 20%, the air volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 55%, and the air volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 25%;

[0100] The activation time (i.e., residence time) of the carbonized material in the basic activation zone is 150 min, the activation time in the hole expansion activation zone is 100 min, and the activation time in the supplementary activation zone is 83 min.

[0101] The activated carbonized material is shaped in the shaping chamber for 67 minutes.

[0102] Example 4

[0103] This embodiment provides a porous carbon material, and its preparation method is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0104] The raw materials used are coal materials with a formation time of less than 180 million years, and the carbonization method is the same as that in Example 1;

[0105] In step (2), based on the steam volume in the entire product channel being 100%, the steam volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 25%, the steam volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 50%, and the steam volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 25%;

[0106] If the air volume in the entire product channel is 100%, the air volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 20%, the air volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 55%, and the air volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 25%;

[0107] The activation time (i.e., residence time) of the carbonized material in the basic activation zone is 120 min, the activation time in the hole expansion activation zone is 80 min, and the activation time in the supplementary activation zone is 66.5 min;

[0108] The activated carbonized material is shaped in the shaping chamber for 53 minutes.

[0109] Example 5

[0110] This embodiment provides a porous carbon material, and its preparation method is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0111] The raw materials used are coal materials with a formation time of less than 180 million years, and the carbonization method is the same as that in Example 1;

[0112] In step (2), based on the steam volume in the entire product channel being 100%, the steam volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 30%, the steam volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 50%, and the steam volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20%;

[0113] If the air volume in the entire product channel is 100%, the air volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 25%, the air volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 55%, and the air volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20%;

[0114] The activation time (i.e., residence time) of the carbonized material in the basic activation zone is 80 min, the activation time in the hole expansion activation zone is 120 min, and the activation time in the supplementary activation zone is 67 min;

[0115] The activated carbonized material is shaped in the shaping chamber for 53 minutes.

[0116] The physical properties of the porous carbon materials of Examples 3-5 were analyzed using the same method as Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 2.

[0117] Table 2 Physical properties analysis of porous carbon materials of Examples 3-5

[0118]

[0119] Comparative Example 1

[0120] This embodiment is a porous carbon material, and its preparation method is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the activation is performed using the "activation furnace" disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN114368750A, and in the product channel of the activation furnace, all the steam distribution holes on the branch steam pipe and all the air distribution holes on the branch air pipe are evenly arranged;

[0121] The activation temperature in the product channel is about 800℃, and the activation time is 600min;

[0122] After activation is completed, the same method is used to shape the material and then cool it down for discharge.

[0123] Comparative Example 2

[0124] The present embodiment provides a porous carbon material, and its preparation method is basically the same as that of comparative example 1, except that: after activation, the material is directly cooled and discharged without shaping.

[0125] The physical properties of the porous carbon materials of Comparative Examples 1-2 were analyzed using the same method as Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 3.

[0126] Table 3 Physical properties analysis of porous carbon materials of comparative examples 1-2

[0127] .

Claims

1. A method for preparing a porous carbon material, comprising an activation step of activating a carbonized material, characterized in that: The activation step includes placing the carbonized material into a product channel of a phase-separated rotary furnace, wherein the product channel is provided with a basic activation zone, a hole-expanding activation zone and a supplementary activation zone arranged in sequence along the advancing direction of the carbonized material; The activation step comprises: A step of activating at 800-850° C. for 80-200 min in the basic activation zone; The step of activating at 850-900° C. for 80-120 min and then activating at 900-850° C. for 80-120 min in the pore expansion activation zone; The step of activating at 850-750° C. for 60-120 min in the supplementary activation zone.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The length of the product channel is 8-10m; the length ratio of the basic activation zone, the hole expansion activation zone and the supplementary activation zone is 3:4.5:2.

5.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one branch steam pipe for conveying water vapor into the product channel and at least one branch air pipe for conveying air into the product channel are arranged in the product channel, and the branch steam pipe and the branch air pipe extend to the entire product channel; The branch steam pipe is provided with at least one row of steam distribution holes arranged along the length direction, and the density of the steam distribution holes in the hole expansion activation zone is greater than that in the basic activation zone and the supplementary activation zone; Alternatively or and, the branch air pipe is provided with at least one row of air distribution holes arranged along the length direction, and the density of the air distribution holes in the hole expansion activation zone is greater than that in the basic activation zone and the supplementary activation zone.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Taking the steam volume in the entire product channel as 100%, the steam volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 20-30%, the steam volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 50-55%, and the steam volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20-25%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phase-separated rotary furnace is provided with 6-10 product channels, and the branch steam pipes in all product channels are connected to the main steam pipe; the main steam pipe is provided with a steam flow meter, which is used to control the steam flow in the main steam pipe at 0.3-0.5 tons / h.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Taking the air volume in the entire product channel as 100%, the air volume in the basic activation zone accounts for 20-30%, the air volume in the hole expansion activation zone accounts for 50-55%, and the air volume in the supplementary activation zone accounts for 20-25%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phase-separated rotary furnace is provided with 6-10 product channels, and the branch air pipes in all product channels are connected to the main air pipe; The main air pipe is equipped with an air flow meter, which is used to control the total air flow in the main air pipe to 1500-2500m 3 / h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-separated rotary furnace comprises a furnace body, in which a central flue is arranged, and a plurality of product channels are distributed on the periphery of the central flue; At the discharge end of each product channel, a shaping cavity communicating with each product channel is also provided in the furnace body; The length of the molding cavity is 1.5-3m; Water vapor and air are not introduced into the molding cavity; The activated carbonized material is mixed in the shaping cavity and shaped at 700-750° C. for 90-120 minutes before being discharged to obtain the porous carbon material.

9. A porous carbon material, characterized in that: Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The specific surface area of ​​the porous carbon material is 1600-2500m 2 / g, and the average pore size of the micropores is below 2nm.

10. Use of the porous carbon material according to claim 9 in preparing a negative electrode of a supercapacitor or a silicon-carbon battery.

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