Photoelectric angle encoder

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelectric angle encoder, and belongs to the field of angle encoders, the photoelectric angle encoder comprises a shell main body, the shell main body is formed by fixedly installing and combining a first shell, a second shell and a third shell in sequence, the lower half section of the third shell is provided with an installation groove, and the middle position in the third shell is provided with a grating disc; a mounting groove is formed in the encoder shaft, a cleaning part used for cleaning the grating disc is detachably mounted in the mounting groove, the cleaning part comprises a loading box, the cleaning part is arranged in order to cope with a severe use environment, the encoder shaft is driven to rotate along with an external to-be-detected piece, and the grating disc can be self-cleaned; and the cleaning part can clean the grating disc and can also dry the grating disc, and the situation that a large amount of cleaning liquid remains on the grating disc, so that light emitted by the light source generates a scattering effect, and errors exist in the optical signal receiving process of the photoelectric sensor is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of angle encoders, and more particularly to a photoelectric angle encoder. Background Art

[0002] The photoelectric angle encoder is a sensor that converts the mechanical angular displacement on the output shaft into pulses or digital quantities through the principle of photoelectric conversion. It is widely used in industrial automation, robotics, aerospace and other fields.

[0003] Photoelectric angle encoders are often used in CNC machine tools to detect and control the precise position and angle of workpieces to ensure machining accuracy. By cooperating with the servo system, high-precision positioning and control of each axis of the machine tool can be achieved. When used on machine tools, because the environment inside the machine tool is relatively dirty and the use of items such as lubricants will cause debris to adhere to the grating disk inside the device, which will cause it to be unable to accurately transmit the light signal emitted by the light source, further causing deviations in the reading of the photoelectric sensor. Photoelectric angle encoders are usually used on more precise rotary machine tools. When the photoelectric angle encoder on the machine tool becomes dirty, it will cause errors in the machine tool's rotation angle and feed rate, which may cause damage to the workpiece at the least, or even cause important parts of the machine tool to collide and be damaged, causing serious losses.

[0004] The structure of traditional photoelectric angle encoders makes it impossible to clean the grating disk. It can only be disassembled for cleaning or replacement. Because when inaccurate readings occur, the grating disk has already been irreversibly contaminated, which will cause reading errors due to damage to the photoelectric angle encoder, and then cause deviations in products produced at the same time, resulting in great losses and inability to clean in real time.

[0005] In view of this, and in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention develops a photoelectric angle encoder. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric angle encoder, which can drive the grating disk to be cleaned in real time as the workpiece to be measured rotates, thereby preventing losses caused by reading errors.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0008] A photoelectric angle encoder comprises a shell body, wherein the shell body is formed by a first shell, a second shell, and a third shell fixedly installed in sequence, a mounting groove is provided in the lower half of the third shell, a grating disk is provided in the middle position inside the third shell, and a cleaning component for cleaning the grating disk is detachably installed inside the mounting groove;

[0009] The cleaning component includes a loading box, both sides of the upper surface of the loading box are integrally formed with connecting plates, a cleaning groove is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the loading box, the lower section of the grating disk passes through the cleaning groove and extends into the interior of the loading box, four mutually symmetrical absorbent cotton blocks are detachably installed on the upper surface of the loading box, a plurality of evenly distributed leakage grooves are provided at positions on the upper surface of the loading box corresponding to the absorbent cotton blocks, the leakage grooves are connected with the interior of the loading box, two mutually symmetrical brushes are fixedly installed inside the loading box, the two brushes are respectively located on both sides of the grating disk and fit with the surface of the grating disk, and a plurality of evenly distributed arc grids are provided on the grating disk.

[0010] Furthermore, connecting cylinders are fixedly installed in the middle of both sides of the grating disk, and teeth are provided at the ends of the two connecting cylinders away from each other. Gears are provided on both sides of the two connecting cylinders adjacent to the grating disk, and the gears are meshed with the teeth. The gears are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the third shell, and connecting rods are rotatably installed on the side of multiple gears close to the grating disk. Multiple evenly distributed push rods are sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod, and an extrusion plate is provided below the connecting rod, and multiple push rods are rotatably installed on the corresponding upper surfaces of the extrusion plates.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer surface of the second shell is provided with a sealing component for removing the cleaning component, and the sealing component includes a rotating disk, which is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the second shell, and a plurality of evenly distributed fixing plates are provided on the side of the rotating disk close to the third shell, and the plurality of fixing plates are fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the second shell, and a plurality of first pressure plates corresponding to the fixing plate are provided on the side of the fixing plate away from the rotating disk, and a second pressure plate is integrally formed with the side of the first pressure plate away from the fixing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a square slider is fixedly installed on the middle part of one side of the first pressure plate close to the fixed plate, and a cylindrical slider is integrally formed on the side of the square slider away from the first pressure plate. A limiting slide groove is provided in the middle part of the fixed plate, and the square slider is slidably clamped inside the limiting slide groove. A plurality of arc-shaped groove bodies corresponding to the cylindrical sliders are provided on the rotating disk, and the cylindrical sliders are movably clamped inside the corresponding arc-shaped groove bodies. A plurality of evenly distributed through grooves are provided on the rotating disk.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper surface of the loading box is provided with a plurality of push plates corresponding to the absorbent cotton blocks, and the two side edges of the push plates are respectively slidably installed on the surface of the connecting plate and the loading box, and a plurality of trapezoidal protrusions corresponding to the push plates are fixedly installed at the inner middle position of the third shell.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of spherical protrusions distributed in a ring are fixedly installed on the lower ends of both sides of the loading box, a plurality of spherical grooves corresponding to the spherical protrusions are provided at the inner lower end of the third shell, a sliding rod is fixedly installed at the middle position of both sides of the loading box, and two positioning grooves corresponding to the sliding rod are provided at the inner lower end of the third shell.

[0015] Furthermore, a light source and a photoelectric sensor are fixedly mounted on both side walls of the inner upper end of the third shell, respectively. The light source and the photoelectric sensor are respectively located on both sides of the grating disk, and the light source and the photoelectric sensor are located on the same horizontal line.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of evenly distributed T-shaped slots are provided on the sides of the two connecting plates close to each other, and a plurality of T-shaped sliding blocks corresponding to the T-shaped slots are fixedly installed on the side of the extrusion plate away from the connecting cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, a U-shaped clamping plate is fixedly mounted on one side of the lower surface of the loading box.

[0018] Furthermore, a central rotation groove is provided in the middle of the first shell, the second shell and the third shell, an encoder shaft is rotatably mounted inside the central rotation groove, and the grating disk and the connecting cylinder are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the encoder shaft.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In order to cope with the harsh operating environment, this device is equipped with a cleaning component. As the external test piece drives the encoder shaft to rotate, the grating disk can be self-cleaned and the cleaning liquid can be prevented from damaging the circuit. The cleaning component can not only clean the grating disk, but also dry the grating disk to prevent a large amount of cleaning liquid from remaining on the grating disk, causing the light emitted by the light source to scatter and causing errors in the light signal received by the photoelectric sensor.

[0021] 2. This solution sets an extrusion plate. When the grating disk is driven by the external test piece to rotate, it can not only achieve self-cleaning, but also drive the extrusion plate to squeeze the absorbent cotton block to squeeze out the cleaning liquid inside the absorbent cotton block, so that the absorbent cotton block always maintains a strong water absorption capacity, which can keep the grating disk in a dry state at all times, ensuring accurate readings.

[0022] 3. This solution provides a spherical protrusion. When the cleaning component needs to be installed, the U-shaped card plate is inserted into a second pressure plate below, and then the rotating disk is rotated forward. Under the action of the arc-shaped groove body and the limiting slide groove, multiple first pressure plates and second pressure plates will produce a tightening effect, and then the second pressure plate will push the loading box into the installation groove for installation. When rotating the rotating disk, a rod can be inserted into the through groove for rotation, making the disassembly and assembly of the cleaning component more convenient. It can not only ensure the sealing and compactness between the cleaning component and the third shell, but also enable simple and quick disassembly and assembly.

[0023] 4. The device is provided with a spherical groove. During installation, as the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate move, the cleaning component will be stuck into the interior of the installation groove. When the cleaning component is completely installed into the interior of the installation groove, the spherical protrusion cooperates with the spherical groove so that all the first pressure plates and the second pressure plates are in contact with the surface of the third shell. Then, the first pressure plate blocks the connection between the cleaning component and the third shell, further increasing the sealing of the device and achieving self-locking. On the one hand, it can prevent the volatilization of the cleaning liquid, and on the other hand, it can prevent external oil and gas from entering the interior of the third shell.

[0024] 5. The device is provided with a trapezoidal protrusion, which can drive the absorbent cotton block to be squeezed and fit on the surface of the grating disk when the cleaning component is lifted during installation, thereby increasing the wiping ability of the absorbent cotton block on the grating disk. The absorbent cotton block and the loading box are detachably connected by Velcro. The use of Velcro not only allows the absorbent cotton block to have a certain degree of mobility, making it easier for the absorbent cotton block to be pushed and fit on the grating disk, but also makes it easier for the T-shaped slider to squeeze and drain water from it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the photoelectric angle encoder of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third shell in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the grating disk and the gear in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sealing component in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning component in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7It is a structural schematic diagram of the loading box in the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the loading box in the present invention from a second viewing angle.

[0033] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0034] 1. Shell body; 2. Sealing component; 3. Cleaning component; 4. First shell; 5. Second shell; 6. Third shell; 7. Grating disk; 8. Encoder shaft; 21. Rotating disk; 22. Arc groove; 23. Through groove; 24. Fixed plate; 25. Limiting slide; 26. First pressing plate; 27. Square slider; 28. Column slider; 29. ​​Second pressing plate; 31. Loading box; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Cleaning tank; 34. Absorbent cotton block; 35. Drain Groove; 36, push plate; 37, spherical protrusion; 38, U-shaped card plate; 39, slide rod; 60, installation groove; 61, center rotation groove; 62, trapezoidal protrusion; 63, light source; 64, photoelectric sensor; 65, spherical groove; 66, positioning groove; 71, arc grid; 72, connecting cylinder; 73, tooth groove; 74, gear; 75, connecting rod; 76, push rod; 77, extrusion plate; 78, T-shaped slider; 311, brush; 321, T-shaped slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 8 A photoelectric angle encoder comprises a shell body 1, wherein the shell body 1 is formed by a first shell body 4, a second shell body 5, and a third shell body 6 which are fixedly installed in sequence, a mounting groove 60 is provided in the lower half of the third shell body 6, a grating disk 7 is provided in the middle position inside the third shell body 6, a cleaning component 3 for cleaning the grating disk 7 is detachably installed inside the mounting groove 60, a central rotating groove 61 is provided in the middle of the first shell body 4, the second shell body 5, and the third shell body 6, an encoder shaft 8 is rotatably installed inside the central rotating groove 61, a light source 63 and a photoelectric sensor 64 are fixedly installed on both side walls of the inner upper end of the third shell body 6, the light source 63 and the photoelectric sensor 64 are respectively located on both sides of the grating disk 7, the light source 63 and the photoelectric sensor 64 are located on the same horizontal line, and a plurality of evenly distributed arc grids 71 ​​are provided on the grating disk 7;

[0037] Photoelectric angle encoders are often used in CNC machine tools to detect and control the precise position and angle of workpieces to ensure machining accuracy. By cooperating with the servo system, high-precision positioning and control of each axis of the machine tool can be achieved. When used on a machine tool, because the environment inside the machine tool is relatively dirty and the use of items such as lubricants, debris will be attached to the grating disk 7 inside the device, making it unable to accurately transmit the light signal emitted by the light source 63, further causing deviations in the reading of the photoelectric sensor 64. Photoelectric angle encoders are usually used on more precise rotary machine tools. When the photoelectric angle encoder on the machine tool becomes dirty, it will cause errors in the machine tool's rotation angle and feed amount, which may cause damage to the workpiece at the least and may even cause important parts of the machine tool to collide and be damaged, causing serious losses.

[0038] Therefore, in order to cope with the harsh use environment, the present device is provided with a cleaning component 3. Before use, a cleaning liquid is first added to the inside of the cleaning component 3, and then the cleaning component 3 is installed into the inside of the installation groove 60. At this time, the lower half of the grating disk 7 is immersed in the cleaning liquid, and the encoder shaft 8 is coaxially installed with the external component to be measured. When the external workpiece rotates, the encoder shaft 8 is driven to rotate, and the rotation of the encoder shaft 8 is driven to rotate the grating disk 7, and then the arc grid 71 on the grating disk 7 is rotated to cut the light emitted by the light source 63. The light is continuously cut by the arc grid 71. This will cause the photoelectric sensor 64 to continuously receive signals, and then the photoelectric sensor 64 generates a pulse signal, and feeds the pulse signal back to the external computer terminal through the signal line. The device installs the circuit board and other important components inside the first shell 4, separating it from the cleaning component 3, which can prevent the cleaning liquid from damaging the circuit, and the cleaning component 3 can not only clean the grating disk 7, but also dry the grating disk 7 to prevent a large amount of cleaning liquid from remaining on the grating disk 7, causing the light emitted by the light source 63 to scatter, resulting in errors in the photoelectric sensor 64 receiving the light signal.

[0039] The cleaning component 3 includes a loading box 31, both sides of the upper surface of the loading box 31 are integrally formed with connecting plates 32, a cleaning groove 33 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the loading box 31, the lower section of the grating disk 7 passes through the cleaning groove 33 and extends into the interior of the loading box 31, four mutually symmetrical absorbent cotton blocks 34 are detachably installed on the upper surface of the loading box 31, a plurality of evenly distributed leakage grooves 35 are provided at positions on the upper surface of the loading box 31 corresponding to the absorbent cotton blocks 34, the leakage grooves 35 are connected with the interior of the loading box 31, and two mutually symmetrical brushes 311 are fixedly installed inside the loading box 31, and the two brushes 311 are respectively located on both sides of the grating disk 7 and fit with the surface of the grating disk 7.

[0040] Before use, the cleaning liquid is injected into the interior of the loading box 31, and when installing the cleaning component 3, the grating disk 7 is aligned with the cleaning slot 33 and then the cleaning component 3 is pushed upward into the interior of the installation slot 60. At this time, the lower section of the grating disk 7 is immersed in the cleaning liquid. At this time, the rotation of the encoder shaft 8 will drive the grating disk 7 to rotate, and then the brush 311 will brush the grating disk 7, and as the grating disk 7 rotates, the absorbent cotton block 34 will absorb the cleaning liquid on the grating disk 7. The arc-shaped grid 71 is set to an arc shape, which can better push the cleaning liquid out of the arc-shaped grid 71 compared to the traditional straight type, and can reduce the damage to the absorbent cotton block 34 during rotation, thereby increasing the service life of the absorbent cotton block 34.

[0041] A connecting cylinder 72 is fixedly installed in the middle of both sides of the grating disk 7. The grating disk 7 and the connecting cylinder 72 are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the encoder shaft 8. A tooth groove 73 is provided at the end of the two connecting cylinders 72 away from each other. Gears 74 are provided on both sides of the two connecting cylinders 72 adjacent to the grating disk 7. The gears 74 are meshed with the tooth grooves 73. The gears 74 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the third shell 6. A connecting rod 75 is rotatably installed on the side of the multiple gears 74 close to the grating disk 7. A plurality of evenly distributed pushing rods 76 are sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod 75. An extrusion plate 77 is provided below the connecting rod 75. The plurality of pushing rods 76 are rotatably installed on the upper surface of the corresponding extrusion plate 77. A plurality of evenly distributed T-shaped grooves 321 are provided on the side of the two connecting plates 32 close to each other. A plurality of T-shaped sliding blocks 78 corresponding to the T-shaped grooves 321 are fixedly installed on the side of the extrusion plate 77 away from the connecting cylinder 72.

[0042] After a long period of use, a large amount of cleaning liquid will be stored in the absorbent cotton block 34. At this time, the absorbent cotton block 34 will have a reduced absorption effect on the cleaning liquid, which will cause liquid to remain on the grating disk 7, resulting in inaccurate readings. In addition, the device is provided with a squeezing plate 77. As the grating disk 7 rotates, the connecting cylinder 72 will be driven to rotate. When the connecting cylinder 72 rotates, the gear 74 will be driven to rotate through the tooth groove 73. When the gear 74 rotates, it will have a pushing effect on the push rod 76. The push rod 76 will push the squeezing plate 77 down to squeeze the absorbent cotton block 34, so that the liquid inside the absorbent cotton block 34 can be squeezed out and flow back to the inside of the loading box 31 through the leakage groove 35. As the grating disk 7 is driven to rotate by the external test piece, it can not only achieve self-cleaning, but also drive the squeezing plate 77 to squeeze the absorbent cotton block 34 to squeeze the cleaning liquid inside the absorbent cotton block 34, so that the absorbent cotton block 34 always maintains a strong water absorption, which can keep the grating disk 7 in a dry state at all times, ensuring accurate readings.

[0043] The outer surface of the second shell 5 is sleeved with a sealing component 2 for removing the cleaning component 3, and the sealing component 2 includes a rotating disk 21, which is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the second shell 5, and a plurality of evenly distributed fixing plates 24 are provided on the side of the rotating disk 21 close to the third shell 6, and the plurality of fixing plates are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the second shell 5, and a plurality of first pressure plates 26 corresponding to the fixing plate 24 are provided on the side away from the rotating disk 21, and a second pressure plate 29 is integrally formed on the side of the first pressure plate 26 away from the fixing plate 24.

[0044] A square slider 27 is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the first pressure plate 26 close to the fixed plate 24, and a cylindrical slider 28 is integrally formed on the side of the square slider 27 away from the first pressure plate 26. A limiting slide groove 25 is provided in the middle of the fixed plate 24, and the square slider 27 is slidably clamped in the inside of the limiting slide groove 25. A plurality of arc-shaped groove bodies 22 corresponding to the cylindrical sliders 28 are provided on the rotating disk 21, and the cylindrical sliders 28 are movably clamped in the corresponding arc-shaped groove bodies 22. A plurality of evenly distributed through grooves 23 are provided on the rotating disk 21, and a U-shaped clamping plate 38 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower surface of the loading box 31.

[0045] Taking the sealing performance of the device into consideration, the width of the installation groove 60 is slightly smaller than the width of the loading box 31, which makes the loading box 31 more compact during installation and removal, and is not easy to install and remove. Furthermore, by setting the sealing component 2, the rotating disk 21 is first rotated in the opposite direction during removal. At this time, a second pressing plate 29 below is slidably clamped in the inside of the U-shaped clamping plate 38. When the rotating disk 21 is rotated in the opposite direction, the cylindrical slider 28 will slide along the arc-shaped groove body 22, and because of the limiting slide groove 25, the square slider 27 will be restricted from moving along the inside of the limiting slide groove 25. The multiple first pressing plates 26 have a tendency to expand to the surroundings, and the second pressing plate 29 below will drive the loading box 31 to move down and out of the installation groove 6. 0, and then slide the loading box 31 to make the U-shaped card plate 38 slide out from the second pressure plate 29 to achieve removal. When installation is needed, insert the U-shaped card plate 38 into the second pressure plate 29 below, and then rotate the rotating disk 21 forward. Under the action of the arc-shaped groove body 22 and the limiting slide groove 25, multiple first pressure plates 26 and second pressure plates 29 will produce a tightening effect, and then the second pressure plate 29 will push the loading box 31 into the interior of the installation groove 60 to achieve installation. When rotating the rotating disk 21, you can use a rod to insert into the through groove 23 for rotation, which makes the disassembly and assembly of the cleaning component 3 more convenient, not only can it ensure the sealing and compactness between the cleaning component 3 and the third shell 6, but also can be easily and quickly disassembled.

[0046] The upper surface of the loading box 31 is provided with a plurality of push plates 36 corresponding to the absorbent cotton blocks 34, and the two side edges of the push plates 36 are slidably mounted on the surfaces of the connecting plate 32 and the loading box 31 respectively, and a plurality of trapezoidal protrusions 62 corresponding to the push plates 36 are fixedly mounted at the inner middle position of the third shell 6, and a plurality of spherical protrusions 37 distributed in an annular shape are fixedly mounted at the lower ends of both sides of the loading box 31, and a plurality of spherical grooves 65 corresponding to the spherical protrusions 37 are provided at the inner lower end of the third shell 6, and a slide rod 39 is fixedly mounted at the middle position of both sides of the loading box 31, and two positioning grooves 66 corresponding to the slide rod 39 are provided at the inner lower end of the third shell 6.

[0047] When the cleaning component 3 is installed into the installation groove 60, the cleaning component 3 is lifted up by the first pressure plate 26 and the second pressure plate 29 below. The slide bar 39 and the positioning groove 66 are used to limit the installation position of the loading box 31 to prevent it from being offset. When the loading box 31 is pushed completely into the installation groove 60, the spherical protrusion 37 is clamped into the spherical groove 65, so that the cleaning component 3 is fixedly connected to the third shell body 6, and the second pressure plate 29 below is inserted into the U-shaped clamping plate 38, which makes the first pressure plate 26 and the second pressure plate 29 below unable to move, and further makes the square slider 27 and the cylindrical slider 28 unable to move, and further the rotating disk 21 cannot rotate, that is, all the first pressure plates 26 and the second pressure plates 29 are It is unable to move, so that all the first pressure plates 26 and the second pressure plates 29 are in contact with the outer surface of the third shell 6. Then, the device is provided with a spherical groove 65. During installation, as the first pressure plates 26 and the second pressure plates 29 move, the cleaning component 3 will be clamped into the interior of the installation groove 60. When the cleaning component 3 is completely installed into the interior of the installation groove 60, the spherical protrusion 37 cooperates with the spherical groove 65 so that all the first pressure plates 26 and the second pressure plates 29 are in contact with the surface of the third shell 6. Then, the first pressure plate 26 will block the connection between the cleaning component 3 and the third shell 6, further increasing the sealing of the device and realizing self-locking. On the one hand, it can prevent the volatilization of the cleaning liquid, and on the other hand, it can prevent external oil and gas from entering the interior of the third shell 6.

[0048] The device is provided with a trapezoidal protrusion 62. When a first pressure plate 26 and a second pressure plate 29 below lift the loading box 31 up, the push plate 36 will be squeezed by the trapezoidal protrusion 62. The oil push plate 36 is slidably installed on the upper surface of the loading box 31 and the side surface of the connecting plate 32. Therefore, when the push plate 36 is pushed, it will drive the absorbent cotton block 34 to move toward the direction of the grating disk 7, thereby making the absorbent cotton block 34 squeezed and fit on the surface of the grating disk 7, thereby increasing the wiping ability of the absorbent cotton block 34 on the grating disk 7. The absorbent cotton block 34 and the loading box 31 are detachably connected by a Velcro connection method. The use of Velcro can not only make the absorbent cotton block 34 have a certain degree of mobility, which is convenient for the absorbent cotton block 34 to be pushed to fit the grating disk 7, but also facilitate the T-shaped slider 78 to squeeze and drain it.

[0049] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and its improved conception within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photoelectric angle encoder, comprising a housing body (1), characterized in that: The housing body (1) is formed by a first housing (4), a second housing (5), and a third housing (6) which are fixedly installed in sequence; a mounting groove (60) is provided in the lower half of the third housing (6); a grating disk (7) is provided in the middle of the third housing (6); a cleaning component (3) for cleaning the grating disk (7) is detachably installed in the interior of the mounting groove (60); The cleaning component (3) comprises a loading box (31), both sides of the upper surface of the loading box (31) are integrally formed with connecting plates (32), a cleaning groove (33) is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the loading box (31), the lower section of the grating disk (7) passes through the cleaning groove (33) and extends into the interior of the loading box (31), four mutually symmetrical water-absorbing cotton blocks (34) are detachably mounted on the upper surface of the loading box (31), a plurality of evenly distributed drain grooves (35) are provided at positions on the upper surface of the loading box (31) corresponding to the water-absorbing cotton blocks (34), the drain grooves (35) are communicated with the interior of the loading box (31), two mutually symmetrical brushes (311) are fixedly mounted inside the loading box (31), the two brushes (311) are respectively located on both sides of the grating disk (7) and are in contact with the surface of the grating disk (7), and a plurality of evenly distributed arc grids (71) are provided on the grating disk (7).

2. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting cylinder (72) is fixedly installed in the middle of both sides of the grating disk (7), and a tooth groove (73) is provided at one end of the two connecting cylinders (72) away from each other. Gears (74) are provided on both sides of the two connecting cylinders (72) adjacent to the grating disk (7), and the gears (74) are meshed with the tooth grooves (73). The gears (74) are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the third shell (6). A connecting rod (75) is rotatably installed on one side of the plurality of gears (74) close to the grating disk (7). The outer surface of the connecting rod (75) is sleeved with a plurality of evenly distributed pushing rods (76), and an extrusion plate (77) is provided below the connecting rod (75). The plurality of pushing rods (76) are rotatably installed on the upper surface of the corresponding extrusion plate (77).

3. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the second shell (5) is sleeved with a sealing component (2) for removing the cleaning component (3), and the sealing component (2) comprises a rotating disk (21), and the rotating disk (21) is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the second shell (5), and a side of the rotating disk (21) close to the third shell (6) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed fixing plates (24), and the plurality of fixing plates are fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the second shell (5), and a side of the fixing plate (24) away from the rotating disk (21) is provided with a plurality of first pressing plates (26) corresponding to the fixing plate (24), and a side of the first pressing plate (26) away from the fixing plate (24) is integrally formed with a second pressing plate (29).

4. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 3, characterized in that: A square slider (27) is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the first pressure plate (26) close to the fixed plate (24), and a cylindrical slider (28) is integrally formed on the side of the square slider (27) away from the first pressure plate (26). A limiting slide groove (25) is provided in the middle of the fixed plate (24), and the square slider (27) is slidably clamped inside the limiting slide groove (25). A plurality of arc-shaped groove bodies (22) corresponding to the cylindrical sliders (28) are provided on the rotating disk (21), and the cylindrical sliders (28) are movably clamped inside the corresponding arc-shaped groove bodies (22). A plurality of evenly distributed through grooves (23) are provided on the rotating disk (21).

5. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the loading box (31) is provided with a plurality of push plates (36) corresponding to the absorbent cotton blocks (34), and the two side edges of the push plates (36) are slidably mounted on the surfaces of the connecting plate (32) and the loading box (31), respectively, and a plurality of trapezoidal protrusions (62) corresponding to the push plates (36) are fixedly mounted at the inner middle position of the third shell (6).

6. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of spherical protrusions (37) distributed in an annular shape are fixedly mounted on the lower ends of both sides of the loading box (31), a plurality of spherical grooves (65) corresponding to the spherical protrusions (37) are provided at the inner lower end of the third shell (6), a sliding rod (39) is fixedly mounted at the middle position of both sides of the loading box (31), and two positioning grooves (66) corresponding to the sliding rod (39) are provided at the inner lower end of the third shell (6).

7. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 6, characterized in that: A light source (63) and a photoelectric sensor (64) are fixedly mounted on both side walls of the inner upper end of the third shell (6), respectively. The light source (63) and the photoelectric sensor (64) are located on both sides of the grating disk (7), respectively. The light source (63) and the photoelectric sensor (64) are located on the same horizontal line.

8. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of evenly distributed T-shaped sliding grooves (321) are provided on the sides of the two connecting plates (32) close to each other, and a plurality of T-shaped sliding blocks (78) corresponding to the T-shaped sliding grooves (321) are fixedly installed on the side of the extrusion plate (77) away from the connecting cylinder (72).

9. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 8, characterized in that: A U-shaped clamping plate (38) is fixedly mounted on one side of the lower surface of the loading box (31).

10. A photoelectric angle encoder according to claim 9, characterized in that: A central rotation groove (61) is provided in the middle of the first shell (4), the second shell (5) and the third shell (6), an encoder shaft (8) is rotatably mounted inside the central rotation groove (61), and the grating disk (7) and the connecting cylinder (72) are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the encoder shaft (8).

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