Mold for tempering glass tableware and casting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mold for tempering glass tableware and a casting method of the mold, and belongs to the technical field of cast iron alloys, the mold comprises a mold body, and is characterized in that the mold body comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 2-2.5% of carbon, 1.1-1.3% of silicon, 2.1-2.7% of manganese, 2-2.5% of molybdenum, 3.5-4.5% of nickel, 7.5-8.5% of magnesium and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; the die body is manufactured through casting, and at least the working face of the die body is provided with an oil film layer. According to the die, by adjusting the element proportion, nodular cast iron which is high in strength, high in hardness, resistant to abrasion and low in thermal expansion coefficient can be cast without participation of sulfur and phosphorus, a material foundation is laid for formation of an oil film, segregation of part of small molecular elements can be achieved, and a layer of oil film is formed on the upper surface of a casting, namely the working face of the die; the mold with a smooth working surface is formed, demolding is easy, and the situation that the disability rate of products is increased due to the mold sticking phenomenon is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cast iron alloys, and in particular relates to a mold for tempering glass tableware and a casting method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tempered glass tableware is loved by people due to its advantages such as high strength, smooth surface and good crystal clear feeling, and has gradually entered the ranks of high-end tableware, bringing market opportunities for the production of tempered glass tableware. The inventor has invested in the research and development and production of tempered glass tableware since 2005, and obtained the invention patent right for the relevant technology, and its publication number is CN1792903A, which discloses a mold for producing high-temperature resistant tempered glass plates, and the material made of the mold contains nickel with a mass content ratio of 40-50% and chromium with a mass content ratio of 25-30%. Although the mold can produce tempered glass tableware with relatively stable size, it has contributed to the mass production of tempered glass tableware; but it also has the problems of high cost and difficulty in demolding, and even causes the mold to stick to the tempered glass tableware, increasing the defective rate of tempered glass tableware.

[0003] The invention patent application with publication number CN105441783A also discloses an alloy vermicular graphite cast iron glass mold material, whose chemical element composition and mass percentage are 2.9-3.6% carbon, 3.5-4.5% silicon, 0.25-0.35% manganese, 0.2-1.0% molybdenum, 0.4-0.5% chromium, 0.6-1.2% nickel, 0.08-0.12% vanadium, 0.12-0.15% titanium, 0.04-0.06% antimony, 0.4-0.8% lanthanum, 0.2-0.4% aluminum, 0.02-0.05% magnesium, <0.03% phosphorus and <0.03% sulfur and the balance iron. Although the mold reduces the cost and has the advantages of high strength, good resistance to cold and heat shock, good toughness, good heat dissipation and oxidation resistance, it is still not easy to demold, and its hardness and wear resistance need to be improved.

[0004] How to prepare a tempered mold for glass tableware that is resistant to high tempering temperatures and easy to demold is still a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by technical personnel in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mold for tempering glass tableware and a casting method thereof, which can not only have good mechanical properties in a high-temperature tempering environment, but also form an oil film on the working surface of the mold to facilitate demoulding.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: design a glass tableware tempering mold, including a mold body, characterized in that: the chemical composition and mass percentage of the mold body are: Carbon 2~2.5% Silicon 1.1~1.3% Manganese 2.1~2.7% Molybdenum 2~2.5% Nickel 3.5~4.5% Magnesium 7.5-8.5% The balance is iron and unavoidable impurities; The mold body is made by casting, and at least the working surface of the mold body has an oil film layer.

[0007] Preferably, the chemical composition of the mold body and its mass percentage are: Carbon 2.2% Silicon 1.2% Manganese 2.4% Molybdenum 2.2% Nickel 4% Magnesium 8.2% The balance is iron and unavoidable impurities.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for casting the above-mentioned glass tableware tempering mold, comprising the following steps: (1) Smelting: Mix carbon, silicon, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, magnesium and iron into a mixture, wherein the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2-2.5%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.1-1.3%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.1-2.7%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2-2.5%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 3.5-4.5%, the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 7.5-8.5%, and the remainder is iron, and the mixture is smelted into an alloy melt; (2) Casting: The surface used for molding the tempered glass tableware is called the top surface. The mold is placed with the top surface of the mold cavity located on the upper side. The alloy melt obtained in step (1) is poured into the mold cavity. The mold is opened after naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a preliminary mold for tempering glass tableware. (3) Quenching: The mold mold obtained in step (2) is preheated to 700-900°C, then rapidly heated to 1200-1300°C, and then quenched to obtain a mold product with an oil film on the working surface.

[0009] Preferably, in step (3), the cooling rate of quenching is 40 to 80°C / min.

[0010] Preferably, in step (3), the rapid heating rate is 4-8°C / min.

[0011] Preferably, the mold product obtained in step (3) is tempered to obtain a finished mold product, and the tempering temperature is 600-800°C.

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2.2%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.2%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.4%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2.2%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 4%, the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 8.2%, and the remainder is iron.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The mold of the present invention can not only cast high-strength, high-hardness, wear-resistant and low-thermal expansion coefficient ductile iron without sulfur and phosphorus by adjusting the element ratio, but also lays a material foundation for the formation of an oil film, which can cause segregation of some small molecular elements and form an oil film on the upper surface of the casting, i.e., the working surface of the mold, to form a mold with a smooth working surface, which is easy to demould and avoids increasing the disability rate of the product due to mold sticking.

[0014] 2. The present invention obtains a preliminary mold by naturally cooling the alloy solution to room temperature after it is injected into the mold cavity. This can extend the high temperature time of the alloy solution, which is beneficial to its full spheroidization and can also enhance the segregation of small molecular elements and their aggregation to the working surface of the mold, thereby enhancing the thickness and density of the oil film and the isolation effect between the alloy solution and the molten glass tableware, making demolding easier.

[0015] 3. Preheating before quenching can, on the one hand, further enhance the segregation of small molecular elements and enhance the molding quality of the oil film; on the other hand, it can reduce the temperature rise gradient of the mold prototype and prevent the temperature rise gradient from being too large, causing deformation of the mold prototype.

[0016] 4. Quenching can not only maintain the grain structure of the mold under high temperature and improve the hardness and wear resistance of the mold, but also accelerate the precipitation rate of small molecule elements, making the oil film denser and smoother.

[0017] 5. The present invention can reduce the internal stress in the mold through tempering, so that the mold reaches an ideal balance between hardness and toughness, which can not only extend the service life of the mold, but also have strong hardness and maintain good wear resistance.

[0018] 6. The present invention changes the chemical properties of each element under high temperature environment by adjusting the ratio of elements, providing the necessary material basis for the spheroidization of carbon element and the segregation of small molecule elements. The process steps further promote the formation of bright oil film, forming an isolation layer between the ductile iron mold and the tempered glass tableware. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes. Embodiment 1

[0020] In this embodiment, a mold for tempered glass tableware is prepared by the following steps: (1) Melting: Mix carbon, silicon, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, magnesium and iron into a mixture, with the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture being 2%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture being 1.1%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture being 2.1%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture being 2%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture being 3.5%, the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture being 7.5%, and the remainder being iron, and melt the mixture into an alloy melt. By adjusting the element ratio, the mixture can not only be cast into high-strength, high-hardness, wear-resistant and low-thermal expansion coefficient ductile iron without the participation of sulfur and phosphorus, but also lay a material foundation for the formation of an oil film, which can cause segregation of some small molecular elements, and form an oil film on the upper surface of the casting, i.e., the working surface of the mold, forming a mold with a smooth working surface, thereby facilitating demolding.

[0021] (2) Casting: The surface used for molding tempered glass tableware is called the top surface. The mold is placed with the top surface of the mold cavity located on the upper side, so that small molecules in the alloy solution are segregated and gathered on the working surface of the mold; the alloy melt obtained in step (1) is poured into the mold cavity, cooled naturally to room temperature, and the mold is opened to obtain a preliminary mold for tempering glass tableware; (3) Quenching: The mold mold obtained in step (2) is preheated to 700°C, then rapidly heated to 1200°C at a rate of 4°C / min, and then quenched. The cooling rate of quenching is 40°C / min, and a mold product with a dense oil film on the working surface is obtained.

[0022] (4) Tempering: The finished mold product obtained in step (3) is tempered to obtain a finished mold product, and the tempering temperature is 600°C. Embodiment 2

[0023] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2.2%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.2%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.4%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2.2%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 4%, and the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 8.2%.

[0024] In step (3), the mold is preheated to 800°C and then rapidly heated to 1250°C. The rapid heating rate is 6°C / min, and the quenching cooling rate is 60°C / min.

[0025] In step (4), the tempering temperature is 700°C.

[0026] The rest are the same as in Example 1. Embodiment 3

[0027] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2.5%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.3%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.7%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2.5%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 4.5%, and the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 8.5%.

[0028] In step (3), the mold is preheated to 900°C and then rapidly heated to 1300°C. The rapid heating rate is 8°C / min, and the quenching cooling rate is 80°C / min.

[0029] In step (4), the tempering temperature is 800°C.

[0030] The rest are the same as in Example 1. Embodiment 4

[0031] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.3%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.1%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2.5%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 3.5%, and the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 8.5%.

[0032] In step (3), the mold is preheated to 700°C and then rapidly heated to 1300°C. The rapid heating rate is 4°C / min, and the quenching cooling rate is 40°C / min.

[0033] In step (4), the tempering temperature is 800°C.

[0034] The rest are the same as in Example 1. Embodiment 5

[0035] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2.5%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.1%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.7%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 4.5%, and the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 7.5%.

[0036] In step (3), the mold is first preheated to 900°C and then rapidly heated to 1200°C. The rapid heating rate is 8°C / min, and the quenching cooling rate is 80°C / min.

[0037] In step (4), the tempering temperature is 600°C.

[0038] The rest are the same as in Example 1. Embodiment 6

[0039] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.1%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.7%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2.5%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 3.5%, and the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 7.5%.

[0040] In step (3), the mold is preheated to 700°C and then rapidly heated to 1300°C. The rapid heating rate is 8°C / min, and the quenching cooling rate is 40°C / min.

[0041] In step (4), the tempering temperature is 800°C.

[0042] The rest are the same as in Example 1. Embodiment 7

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2.5%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.3%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.1%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 4.5%, and the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 8.5%.

[0044] In step (3), the mold is preheated to 900°C and then rapidly heated to 1200°C. The rapid heating rate is 5°C / min, and the quenching cooling rate is 70°C / min.

[0045] In step (4), the tempering temperature is 600°C.

[0046] The rest are the same as in Example 1. Embodiment 8

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2.1%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.2%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.6%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2.1%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 4.2%, and the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 8%.

[0048] In step (3), the mold is preheated to 800°C and then rapidly heated to 1200°C. The rapid heating rate is 6°C / min, and the quenching cooling rate is 60°C / min.

[0049] In step (4), the tempering temperature is 800°C.

[0050] The rest are the same as in Example 1. Embodiment 9

[0051] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2.4%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.2%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.2%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2.4%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 3.7%, and the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 8.3%.

[0052] In step (3), the mold is preheated to 700°C and then rapidly heated to 1250°C. The rapid heating rate is 7°C / min, and the quenching cooling rate is 50°C / min.

[0053] In step (4), the tempering temperature is 600°C.

[0054] The rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0055] The glass tableware tempering mold obtained in the above embodiment was tested for performance in terms of compressive strength, Brinell hardness, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal deformation temperature and working surface roughness. The compressive strength test was conducted in accordance with the national standard "GB / T38440-2019 Cast Iron Wedge Compression Strength Test Method", the Brinell hardness test was conducted in accordance with the national standard "GB / T231.1-2018 Metal Material Brinell Hardness Test", the thermal expansion coefficient test was conducted in accordance with the national standard "GB / T4339-2008 Determination of Thermal Expansion Characteristic Parameters of Metal Materials", the thermal deformation temperature test was conducted in accordance with the national standard "JB / T2980.1-1999 Investment Casting Shell High Temperature Thermal Deformation Test Method", and the roughness test was conducted in accordance with the national standard "GB / T 6060.1-2018 Surface Roughness Comparison Sample Part 1: Casting Surface". The test results are as follows:

[0056] It can be seen that the mold for tempering glass tableware has excellent high temperature resistance, high strength and very low roughness on the working surface. The brightness is very obvious to the naked eye. During use, it is easy to demould, and the tempered glass tableware produced has no indentations.

[0057] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the above disclosed technical content to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A glass tableware tempering mold, comprising a mold body, characterized in that: The chemical composition and mass percentage of the mold body are: Carbon 2~2.5% Silicon 1.1~1.3% Manganese 2.1~2.7% Molybdenum 2~2.5% Nickel 3.5~4.5% Magnesium 7.5-8.5% The balance is iron and unavoidable impurities; The mold body is made by casting, and at least the working surface of the mold body has an oil film layer.

2. The glass tableware tempering mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition and mass percentage of the mold body are: Carbon 2.2% Silicon 1.2% Manganese 2.4% Molybdenum 2.2% Nickel 4% Magnesium 8.2% The balance is iron and unavoidable impurities.

3. A method for casting a mold for tempering glass tableware, comprising the following steps: (1) Smelting: Mix carbon, silicon, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, magnesium and iron into a mixture, wherein the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2-2.5%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.1-1.3%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.1-2.7%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2-2.5%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 3.5-4.5%, the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 7.5-8.5%, and the remainder is iron, and the mixture is smelted into an alloy melt; (2) Casting: The surface used for molding the tempered glass tableware is called the top surface. The mold is placed with the top surface of the mold cavity located on the upper side. The alloy melt obtained in step (1) is poured into the mold cavity. The mold is opened after naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a preliminary mold for tempering glass tableware. (3) Quenching: The mold mold obtained in step (2) is preheated to 700-900°C, then rapidly heated to 1200-1300°C, and then quenched to obtain a mold product with an oil film on the working surface.

4. The casting method of the mold for tempering glass tableware according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the cooling rate of quenching is 40 to 80°C / min.

5. The casting method of the mold for tempering glass tableware according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (3), the rapid heating rate is 4 to 8°C / min.

6. The casting method of the mold for tempering glass tableware according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The mold product obtained in step (3) is tempered to obtain a finished mold product, and the tempering temperature is 600-800°C.

7. The casting method of the mold for tempering glass tableware according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass percentage of carbon in the mixture is 2.2%, the mass percentage of silicon in the mixture is 1.2%, the mass percentage of manganese in the mixture is 2.4%, the mass percentage of molybdenum in the mixture is 2.2%, the mass percentage of nickel in the mixture is 4%, the mass percentage of magnesium in the mixture is 8.2%, and the remainder is iron.

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