Unit output adjustment method and device considering multiple auxiliary services, and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a unit output adjustment method and device considering various auxiliary services, and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a new energy time-sharing capacity market model related to a new energy unit and a flexible resource spot market model related to a flexible resource unit according to operation data of a power system; and solving the model, respectively obtaining the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexible resource unit, and adjusting the power system according to the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexible resource unit. According to the unit output adjustment method and device considering various auxiliary services and the medium provided by the invention, by establishing the new energy time-sharing capacity market model, the output condition of a new energy unit can be simulated and predicted more accurately; by introducing the flexible resource unit, the flexibility of the power system can be remarkably improved, and the problems that the resource configuration of the power system is too single and the load is difficult to respond to the fluctuation of new energy in time can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power dispatching automation, and in particular to a method, device and medium for adjusting the output of a unit taking into account multiple auxiliary services. Background Art

[0002] In the current context of the increasing proportion of renewable energy, resources such as wind and solar energy have strong uncertainty and volatility. Without effective auxiliary service support, the power grid may not be able to respond in time when facing load changes, resulting in frequent power outages or overloads. In terms of resource allocation, due to the failure to make full use of various auxiliary services, power generation companies may over-rely on traditional fossil fuel power generation, resulting in resource waste and environmental pollution. At present, grid dispatch is mainly based on factors such as the load characteristics of the power system, the characteristics of the power supply, the characteristics of the transmission line, and the characteristics of the system operation, through reasonable power dispatch and grid operation control strategies to achieve grid dispatch.

[0003] However, traditional grid dispatching strategies are often based on fixed rules and algorithms, which may appear too rigid when faced with the volatility of renewable energy. Due to the randomness and unpredictability of renewable energy output changes, traditional dispatching strategies may not be able to adjust load response in a timely manner, resulting in an imbalance between supply and demand. In addition, a single dispatching model will inhibit market competition, allowing some inefficient or high-emission power generation units to occupy market share for a long time, which will not only hinder the sustainable development of the power industry, but also aggravate environmental pollution and climate change problems, which is not conducive to the realization of green and low-carbon transformation goals. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, device and medium for adjusting the output of a unit taking into account a variety of auxiliary services, so as to solve the problem that the resource allocation of the power system is too single and the load is difficult to respond to the fluctuation of new energy in time.

[0005] Obtaining operation data of power system;

[0006] A new energy time-sharing capacity market model for new energy units and a flexibility resource spot market model for flexibility resource units are established according to the operation data; wherein the flexibility resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, and the objective function is established by introducing slack variables to satisfy network power flow constraints and taking into account the operation costs under different ramp requirements;

[0007] Solving the new energy time-sharing capacity market model and the flexibility resource spot market model to obtain the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexibility resource unit respectively;

[0008] The power system is adjusted according to the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexible resource unit.

[0009] The new energy time-sharing capacity market model established by the present invention can fully consider the output characteristics of new energy, realize the effective integration and configuration of new energy resources through the market mechanism, improve the utilization rate of new energy, reduce the dependence on traditional energy, and thus enhance the flexibility and stability of the power system. The flexibility resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, wherein the objective function introduces a slack variable to satisfy the network flow constraint, which means that the model can flexibly adjust the output of the flexibility resource unit according to the fluctuation of the new energy output in actual operation to meet the supply and demand balance of the power system; at the same time, by considering the operating cost under different climbing requirements, the model can also achieve the most economical resource allocation. Due to the volatility and uncertainty of new energy, the power system needs to respond quickly to changes in load, and real-time solution and resource scheduling based on the established model can significantly improve the response speed and flexibility of the power system, which helps the power system to better deal with the problem of untimely load response caused by the volatility of new energy, and ensure the stability and reliability of power supply.

[0010] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention can more accurately simulate and predict the output of new energy units by establishing a new energy time-sharing capacity market model; by introducing flexible resource units, the flexibility of the power system can be significantly improved. Therefore, by solving these two models, the output of new energy units and flexible resource units can be obtained for regulation, thereby solving the problem that the resource allocation of the power system is too single and the load is difficult to respond to the fluctuations of new energy in a timely manner.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the new energy time-sharing capacity market model is specifically as follows:

[0012] Based on the operation data, the degree of non-satisfaction of the network power flow constraint is reduced by minimizing the relaxation penalty, and a first objective function for the new energy unit is established based on minimizing the output cost of the new energy unit;

[0013] By controlling the power generation and power consumption balance of the power system and limiting the power flow of lines and sections, the first constraint set about the new energy units is established;

[0014] The new energy time-sharing capacity market model for the new energy generator set is established according to the first objective function and the first constraint set.

[0015] This preferred solution reduces the degree of non-compliance with network flow constraints by minimizing relaxation penalties, which can not only avoid additional costs caused by violating constraints, but also improve the operating efficiency of the power system; and based on minimizing the output cost of new energy units, the first objective function for new energy units is established, which helps to reduce the overall operating cost of the power system and improve economic benefits.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the first constraint set about the new energy units is established by controlling the balance between power generation and power consumption of the power system and limiting the line and section flow, specifically:

[0017] Based on the operation data, a system load balance constraint is established by controlling the power generation and power consumption of the power system to maintain a balance;

[0018] By limiting the line flow and section flow, the line flow constraints and section flow constraints are established;

[0019] Establishing new energy output constraints by setting the range of power that power generation equipment can output under preset conditions;

[0020] The first constraint set about the new energy generator set is composed of the system load balance constraint, the line flow constraint, the section flow constraint and the new energy output constraint.

[0021] This preferred solution helps maintain the stability of the power system and prevent equipment damage or power outages caused by power imbalance by controlling the power generation and power consumption of the power system. Limiting line flows and section flows can prevent overloads of lines and sections in the power system, thereby reducing the risk of system collapse. By setting the power range that the power generation equipment can output under preset conditions, effective control of the output of new energy units can be achieved, avoiding excessive or insufficient output of new energy units under unfavorable conditions.

[0022] As a preferred solution, the flexibility resource spot market model is specifically as follows:

[0023] Establish system balance and reserve constraints by maintaining a balance between power generation and power consumption;

[0024] Establish frequency regulation and ramping constraints by controlling the need for rapid addition of generation capacity and the need for frequency regulation capacity;

[0025] By controlling the maximum output of the generator set as a standby device and the maximum output change during frequency regulation, the unit operation constraints are established;

[0026] By controlling the flow of each line and preset section, the output and flow constraints are established;

[0027] The constraint set is composed of the system balance and standby constraints, the frequency regulation and ramp-up constraints, the unit operation constraints, and the output and power flow constraints;

[0028] The flexibility resource spot market model is established according to the equipment operation expression set, the objective function and the constraint set.

[0029] This preferred solution can ensure the reasonable distribution of power flow in the power system by controlling the power flow of each line and preset sections, avoiding line overload and power imbalance problems. Maintaining the balance between power generation and power consumption can prevent power shortages or surpluses in the system and ensure the stable operation of the power system. Establishing frequency regulation and ramp constraints can ensure that the power system has the ability to quickly adjust power generation and frequency regulation when load fluctuates or emergencies occur, thereby maintaining the frequency and voltage stability of the system. By controlling the maximum output of the generator set when it is used as a backup device and the change in maximum output during the frequency regulation process, it can ensure that the unit operates within a reasonable range to avoid excessive wear or unnecessary energy consumption.

[0030] As a preferred solution, the device runs an expression set, specifically:

[0031] Based on the operation data, according to the winning bid power of the unit in different time periods, an output expression of the unit is established;

[0032] According to the numerical value of the current technical output of the unit, combined with the minimum technical output value of the unit, the minimum technical output cost expression is established;

[0033] According to the upper and lower bounds of the unpurchased quantity in the preset interval, an expected loss expression for the unpurchased ramping capacity products is established;

[0034] The equipment operation expression set is composed of the unit output expression, the minimum technical output cost expression and the expected loss expression.

[0035] The unit output expression in this preferred solution is established based on the winning power of the unit in the output range of different time periods, and can accurately reflect the output of the unit in different time periods. The minimum technical output cost expression combines the numerical value of the unit's current technical output and the minimum technical output value, and can accurately calculate the cost of the unit at different output levels. The expected loss expression is established based on the upper and lower bounds of the preset interval regarding the unpurchased quantity, and can quantify the expected losses that power production enterprises may suffer due to failure to purchase sufficient ramping capacity products.

[0036] As a preferred solution, the objective function is specifically:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, is the generation or charging cost of the flexible resource. The specific generation cost or charging cost depends on the load and the new energy deviation. T represents the total number of time periods considered. and They represent the operating cost, startup cost, and minimum stable technical output cost of unit i in period t, respectively. is the positive reserve quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning positive reserve capacity of unit i in time period t, is the frequency regulation quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning bid frequency regulation capacity of unit i in time period t, M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s, NS is the total number of sections, f(FRUS t ,FRDS t ) indicates the unpurchased amount FRUS with up and down ramps t and FRDS t Multi-segment linear function related to the price of the ramp demand curve, FRU i,t is the ramp-up purchase quantity of unit i in period t, FRD i,t Purchase volume for the downhill climb.

[0039] The present application also provides a unit output adjustment device taking into account multiple auxiliary services, including a data module, a model module, a solution module and an adjustment module;

[0040] Wherein, the data module is used to obtain the operation data of the power system;

[0041] The model module is used to establish a new energy time-sharing capacity market model for the new energy unit and a flexibility resource spot market model for the flexibility resource unit according to the operation data; wherein the flexibility resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, and the objective function is established by introducing slack variables to satisfy the network power flow constraints and taking into account the operation costs under different ramp requirements;

[0042] The solution module is used to solve the new energy time-sharing capacity market model and the flexibility resource spot market model to obtain the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexibility resource unit respectively;

[0043] The adjustment module is used to adjust the power system according to the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexible resource unit.

[0044] As a preferred solution, the new energy time-sharing capacity market model is specifically as follows:

[0045] Based on the operation data, the degree of non-satisfaction of the network power flow constraint is reduced by minimizing the relaxation penalty, and a first objective function for the new energy unit is established based on minimizing the output cost of the new energy unit;

[0046] By controlling the power generation and power consumption balance of the power system and limiting the power flow of lines and sections, the first constraint set about the new energy units is established;

[0047] The new energy time-sharing capacity market model for the new energy generator set is established according to the first objective function and the first constraint set.

[0048] As a preferred solution, the first constraint set about the new energy units is established by controlling the balance between power generation and power consumption of the power system and limiting the line and section flow, specifically:

[0049] Based on the operation data, a system load balance constraint is established by controlling the power generation and power consumption of the power system to maintain a balance;

[0050] By limiting the line flow and section flow, the line flow constraints and section flow constraints are established;

[0051] Establishing new energy output constraints by setting the range of power that power generation equipment can output under preset conditions;

[0052] The first constraint set about the new energy generator set is composed of the system load balance constraint, the line flow constraint, the section flow constraint and the new energy output constraint.

[0053] As a preferred solution, the flexibility resource spot market model is specifically as follows:

[0054] Establish system balance and reserve constraints by maintaining a balance between power generation and power consumption;

[0055] Establish frequency regulation and ramping constraints by controlling the need for rapid addition of generation capacity and the need for frequency regulation capacity;

[0056] By controlling the maximum output of the generator set as a standby device and the maximum output change during frequency regulation, the unit operation constraints are established;

[0057] By controlling the flow of each line and preset section, the output and flow constraints are established;

[0058] The constraint set is composed of the system balance and standby constraints, the frequency regulation and ramp-up constraints, the unit operation constraints, and the output and power flow constraints;

[0059] The flexibility resource spot market model is established according to the equipment operation expression set, the objective function and the constraint set.

[0060] As a preferred solution, the device runs an expression set, specifically:

[0061] Based on the operation data, according to the winning bid power of the unit in different time periods, an output expression of the unit is established;

[0062] According to the numerical value of the current technical output of the unit, combined with the minimum technical output value of the unit, the minimum technical output cost expression is established;

[0063] According to the upper and lower bounds of the unpurchased quantity in the preset interval, an expected loss expression for the unpurchased ramping capacity products is established;

[0064] The equipment operation expression set is composed of the unit output expression, the minimum technical output cost expression and the expected loss expression.

[0065] As a preferred solution, the objective function is specifically:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, is the generation or charging cost of the flexible resource. The specific generation cost or charging cost depends on the load and the new energy deviation. T represents the total number of time periods considered. and They represent the operating cost, startup cost, and minimum stable technical output cost of unit i in period t, respectively. is the positive reserve quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning positive reserve capacity of unit i in time period t, is the frequency regulation quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning bid frequency regulation capacity of unit i in time period t, M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s, NS is the total number of sections, f(FRUS t ,FRDS t ) indicates the unpurchased amount FRUS with up and down ramps t and FRDS t Multi-segment linear function related to the price of the ramp demand curve, FRU i,t is the ramp-up purchase quantity of unit i in period t, FRDi,t Purchase volume for the downhill climb.

[0068] The present application also provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. The computer program is called and executed by a computer to implement the above-mentioned method for adjusting unit output taking into account multiple auxiliary services. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for adjusting unit output considering multiple auxiliary services provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a unit output adjustment device taking into account multiple auxiliary services provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0072] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the term "first" is used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "several" means two or more.

[0073] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for adjusting unit output taking into account multiple auxiliary services, which is mainly used to ensure that the volatility of new energy in the electricity spot market can receive timely load response, avoid overly single resource allocation and distortion of market price signals.

[0074] Embodiment 1:

[0075] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a method for adjusting the unit output considering multiple auxiliary services, including S1 to S4, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0076] S1. Obtaining the operation data of the power system.

[0077] Step S1 of the embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows:

[0078] Obtain the operating data of the power system; among them, the operating data includes three categories: system data, unit data and safety data. The system data mainly includes system load, bus load, system backup demand and rapid climbing demand, etc. The unit data mainly includes the upper and lower limits of unit output, the upper limit of unit climbing and landslide capability, the initial output of the unit and new energy prediction processing, etc. The safety data mainly includes the upper and lower limits of section line transmission capacity, etc.

[0079] S2. A new energy time-sharing capacity market model for new energy units and a flexibility resource spot market model for flexibility resource units are established based on operating data; wherein the flexibility resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, and the objective function is established by introducing slack variables to satisfy network flow constraints and taking into account operating costs under different ramp requirements.

[0080] Step S2 of the embodiment of the present application includes S2.1 to S2.5; wherein S2.1 is a process of establishing a first objective function, S2.2 is a process of establishing a new energy time-sharing capacity market model in combination with the first constraint set and the first objective function, S2.3 is a process of establishing an objective function, S2.4 is a process of establishing a constraint set, and S2.5 is a process of establishing a flexibility resource spot market model in combination with a device operation expression set, an objective function, and a constraint set, specifically:

[0081] S2.1. Based on the operation data, the degree of non-compliance with the network power flow constraints is reduced by minimizing the relaxation penalty, and the first objective function F for the new energy unit is established based on minimizing the output cost of the new energy unit. a .

[0082] Among them, the first objective function is:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, NE is the total number of new energy units; T represents the total number of time periods considered, where every 15 minutes on D day is a time period, and 96 time periods are considered. On D+1 day, two time periods, peak load and valley load, are considered, so T is 98; is the capacity cost declared by the new energy unit m and allocated to the tth period on the dth day based on its own fixed cost, P m,t is the variable for optimizing the output of new energy, M represents the penalty factor for the relaxation of network power constraints used for market clearing optimization, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively, and NS is the total number of sections.

[0085] In this embodiment S2.1, the degree of non-compliance with network flow constraints is reduced by minimizing relaxation penalties, which can not only avoid additional costs caused by violating constraints, but also improve the operating efficiency of the power system; and based on minimizing the output cost of the new energy units, the first objective function for the new energy units is established, which helps to reduce the overall operating cost of the power system and improve economic benefits.

[0086] S2.2. Based on the operation data, the system load balance constraint is established by controlling the power generation and power consumption of the power system to maintain a balance;

[0087] By limiting the line flow and section flow, the line flow constraints and section flow constraints are established;

[0088] Establishing new energy output constraints by setting the range of power that power generation equipment can output under preset conditions;

[0089] The first constraint set about the new energy units is composed of system load balance constraints, line flow constraints, section flow constraints and new energy output constraints.

[0090] According to the first objective function F a A new energy time-sharing capacity market model for new energy units is established with the first constraint set; wherein the new energy units are mainly composed of two types of generating units: wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation.

[0091] Among them, the system load balance constraint is:

[0092]

[0093] The line power flow constraint is:

[0094]

[0095] The cross-sectional flow constraints are:

[0096]

[0097] The output constraints of new energy are:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, NE is the total number of new energy units, P m,t Optimizing output variables for new energy sources, D t The system load reported by users during period t;

[0100] P l max represents the power transmission limit of line l, G l-m is the sensitivity factor of the node where the new energy unit m is located to the line l, K represents the number of nodes in the system, Gl-k represents the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l; D k,t represents the bus load value of node k in period t, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and the reverse power flow slack variable of line l respectively;

[0101] and They represent the lower limit and upper limit of power flow transmission of section s, respectively. s-m G is the sensitivity factor of the node where the new energy unit m is located to the section s, s-k represents the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to section s, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and the reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively;

[0102] It is the predicted value of new energy.

[0103] This embodiment S2.2 controls the power generation and power consumption of the power system to maintain a balance, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the power system and preventing equipment damage or power outages caused by power imbalance. Limiting line flows and section flows can prevent overloads of lines and sections in the power system, thereby reducing the risk of system collapse. By setting the power range that the power generation equipment can output under preset conditions, it is possible to effectively control the output of new energy units and avoid excessive or insufficient output of new energy units under unfavorable conditions.

[0104] S2.3. By introducing slack variables to satisfy the network power flow constraints and considering the operating costs under different ramp requirements, the objective function F is established. b .

[0105] Among them, the objective function is:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units; is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; is the power generation or charging cost of the flexible resource, and the specific power generation cost or charging cost depends on the load and the new energy deviation; T represents the total number of time periods considered, where D day has a time period of 15 minutes, and 96 time periods are considered. D+1 day considers two time periods of load peak and trough, so T is 98; is the positive reserve quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning positive reserve capacity of unit i in time period t, is the frequency regulation quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning bid frequency regulation capacity of unit i in time period t, M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s, NS is the total number of sections; f(FRUS t ,FRDS t ) represents the expected loss caused by not purchasing ramp-up capability products, which is equal to the total amount of ramp-up not purchased FRUS t , downhill climb not purchased total FRDS t and multi-segment linear functions related to the price of the ramp demand curve;

[0109] and They represent the operating cost, startup cost and minimum stable technical output cost of unit i in period t, respectively. It is a multi-segment linear function related to the output ranges declared by the unit and the corresponding energy prices; startup cost It is a function related to the downtime of the unit, used to represent the startup cost of the unit in different states (cold / warm / hot); minimum stable technical output cost The period when the unit is turned on is included in the calculation.

[0110] S2.4. Establish system balance and reserve constraints by maintaining a balance between power generation and power consumption; wherein the system balance and reserve constraints include deviation balance constraints, system positive reserve capacity constraints, and system negative reserve capacity constraints;

[0111] Frequency regulation and ramping constraints are established by controlling the demand for rapid increase of power generation capacity and frequency regulation capacity; frequency regulation and ramping constraints include system frequency regulation demand constraints, rapid ramping demand constraints and unit ramping constraints;

[0112] By controlling the maximum output of the generator set when it is used as a backup device and the change in the maximum output during the frequency regulation process, the unit operation constraints are established; among them, the unit operation constraints include the unit backup upper limit constraint, the unit frequency regulation upper limit constraint, the unit rapid ramp upper limit constraint, the flexible unit output and auxiliary service capacity coupling constraint, the unit minimum continuous start and stop time constraint and the unit maximum start and stop number constraint;

[0113] By controlling the power flow of each line and preset section, the power output and power flow constraints are established; wherein the power output and power flow constraints include the upper and lower limit constraints of the unit group output, the first line power flow constraints and the first section power flow constraints;

[0114] The constraint set is composed of system balance and reserve constraints, frequency regulation and ramp constraints, unit operation constraints, and output and power flow constraints.

[0115] The constraints in the constraint set are:

[0116] ① Deviation balance constraint is:

[0117] For time period t, the deviation balance constraint can be expressed as:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, for the parameter ΔD t and ΔP m,t have:

[0120]

[0121] Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units; is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the load and the deviation of new energy; T j,t represents the planned power of tie line j in period t (input is positive, output is negative), NT is the total number of tie lines, ΔD t is the system load deviation obtained by the power deviation balancing market during period t, is the load forecast value obtained in the flexibility resource market, D t is the system load reported by users during period t, NE is the total number of new energy units, ΔP m,t is the output deviation of the new energy unit m in period t, is the predicted value of the new energy unit m in the flexible resource market in period t, P m,t Optimize output variables for new energy sources.

[0122] ②The system positive reserve capacity constraint is:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units, is the positive reserve winning bid of unit i in period t, is the system positive spare capacity requirement for period t.

[0125] ③The system negative reserve capacity constraint is:

[0126]

[0127] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; is the minimum output of unit i in period t, is the system negative reserve capacity requirement for period t; α i,t Indicates the start and stop status of unit i in time period t, 0 indicates that the unit is shut down, and 1 indicates that the unit is on.

[0128] ④The system frequency regulation demand constraint is:

[0129]

[0130] in, is the winning bid frequency regulation capacity of unit i in time period t, is the system frequency regulation capacity requirement during period t.

[0131] ⑤The fast climbing demand constraint is:

[0132] For each time period t, the fast ramp-up constraint can be described as:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, FRU i,t is the ramp-up purchase quantity of unit i in period t, FRUR t is the uphill demand in period t; FRD i,t For down-slope purchase volume, FRDR t is the downhill demand, FRUS t Total amount not purchased for the up-ramp, FRDS t The total amount not purchased for the downhill climb.

[0135] ⑥ The unit climbing constraint is:

[0136] When the unit is climbing up or down a slope, it should meet the climbing rate requirements. The climbing constraint can be described as:

[0137]

[0138] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; and are the minimum and maximum technical output of unit i in period t, ΔP i U is the maximum ramp rate of unit i, ΔP i Dis the maximum down-slope rate of unit i; α i,t Indicates the start and stop status of unit i in time period t, 0 indicates that the unit is shut down, and 1 indicates that the unit is on.

[0139] ⑦ The upper limit constraint of the unit standby is:

[0140]

[0141] in, is the positive reserve winning bid of unit i in period t, is the maximum reserve declared by unit i in time period t.

[0142] ⑧ The upper limit constraint of unit frequency regulation is:

[0143]

[0144] in, is the maximum frequency regulation declared by unit i in time period t.

[0145] ⑨ The upper limit constraint of the unit rapid climbing is:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, FRU i,t and FRD i,t are the up-ramp purchase quantity and down-ramp purchase quantity of unit i in period t, and are the minimum technical output and maximum technical output of unit i in period t respectively; is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the load and the deviation of new energy; ΔP i U is the maximum ramp rate of unit i, ΔP i D is the maximum ramp down rate of unit i.

[0148] ⑩ The coupling constraint between the output of flexible units and the capacity of auxiliary services is:

[0149] The output of the unit should be within its maximum / minimum output range, and its constraints can be described as:

[0150]

[0151]

[0152] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; α i,tIndicates the start and stop status of unit i in time period t, 0 indicates that the unit is shut down, and 1 indicates that the unit is on; and are the minimum and maximum technical output of unit i in period t, respectively, and FRU i,t and FRD i,t are the up-ramp purchase quantity and down-ramp purchase quantity of unit i in time period t respectively.

[0153] The minimum continuous start and stop time constraint of the unit is:

[0154] Due to the physical properties of thermal power units and actual operation requirements, thermal power units are required to meet the minimum continuous start / stop time. Therefore, the minimum continuous start / stop time constraint can be described as:

[0155]

[0156] Among them, α i,t is the start and stop status of unit i in period t, T U and T D They are the minimum continuous start time and minimum continuous stop time of the unit respectively; and are the continuous startup time and continuous shutdown time of unit i in period t, respectively, which can be expressed by the state variable α i,t (i=1~N, t=1~T) to express:

[0157]

[0158] The maximum start and stop times of the unit are constrained as follows:

[0159] Definition η i,t Indicates whether unit i switches to the startup state in period t, γ i,t Indicates whether unit i switches to shutdown state in period t, then η i,t and γ i,t The following conditions must be met:

[0160]

[0161] The start and stop times limit of the corresponding unit i can be expressed as follows:

[0162]

[0163] in, and Respectively represent the maximum number of starts and stops.

[0164] The upper and lower limits of the unit group output are:

[0165]

[0166] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; and are the maximum output and minimum output of generator group j in time period t respectively.

[0167] The first line power flow constraint is:

[0168] The output of the unit group should be within its maximum / minimum output range, and its line flow constraint can be described as:

[0169]

[0170] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; P m,t Optimizing output variables for new energy, P l max is the power transmission limit of line l, G l-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where the flexible resource unit i is located on line l, G l-j is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where the tie line j is located to the line l, T j,t represents the planned power of tie line j in time period t (input is positive, output is negative), K is the number of nodes in the system, G l-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l, is the bus load forecast value of node k in the flexibility resource market in period t, and are the forward power flow slack variables and reverse power flow slack variables of line l respectively.

[0171] The first section flow constraint is:

[0172]

[0173] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; and are the lower limit and upper limit of power flow transmission of section s, respectively, G s-m G is the sensitivity factor of the node where the new energy unit m is located to the section s, s-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to section s, Pm,t Optimizing output variables for new energy, G s-j is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node j in the tie line to the section s, T j,t represents the planned power of tie line j in period t (input is positive, output is negative), G s-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor for node k to section s, is the bus load forecast value of node k in the flexibility resource market in period t, and are the forward flow relaxation variables and reverse flow relaxation variables of section s respectively.

[0174] This embodiment S2.4 can ensure the reasonable distribution of power flow in the power system by controlling the power flow of each line and preset section, avoiding line overload and power imbalance problems. Maintaining the balance between power generation and power consumption can prevent power shortage or surplus in the system and ensure the stable operation of the power system. Establishing frequency regulation and climbing constraints can ensure that the power system has the ability to quickly adjust power generation and frequency regulation when load fluctuates or emergencies occur, thereby maintaining the frequency and voltage stability of the system. By controlling the maximum output of the generator set when it is used as a backup device and the maximum output change during the frequency regulation process, it can ensure that the unit operates within a reasonable range to avoid excessive wear or unnecessary energy consumption.

[0175] S2.5. Based on the operation data and the winning power of the unit in different time periods, establish the unit output expression;

[0176] According to the energy prices declared by the units in different output ranges, the unit operation cost expression is established;

[0177] According to the numerical value of the current technical output of the unit, combined with the minimum technical output value of the unit, the minimum technical output cost expression is established;

[0178] According to the upper and lower bounds of the unpurchased quantity in the preset interval, an expected loss expression for the unpurchased ramping capacity products is established;

[0179] The equipment operation expression set is composed of the unit output expression, the unit operation cost expression, the minimum technical output cost expression and the expected loss expression.

[0180] According to the device running expression set, the objective function F b A flexibility resource spot market model for flexibility resource units is established based on the constraint set; wherein the flexibility resource units are composed of gas units and energy storage, pumped storage and other units.

[0181] The expressions in the device operation expression set are as follows:

[0182] ① The unit output expression is:

[0183]

[0184] in, is the output of flexible resource i in time period t, which can be positive or negative according to the deviation of load and renewable energy; NM is the total number of units’ quotation stages, P i,t,m is the winning bid power of unit i in the mth output interval in time period t, and They are respectively the upper and lower bounds of the mth output interval declared by unit i.

[0185] ② The expression of unit operating cost is:

[0186]

[0187] in represents the operating cost of unit i in period t, NM is the total number of periods of unit quotation, C i,t,m is the energy price corresponding to the mth output interval declared by unit i, P i,t,m is the winning power of unit i in the mth output interval in time period t.

[0188] ③The minimum technical output cost expression is:

[0189]

[0190] in, is the minimum technical output cost, P i,t is the technical output of unit i in period t, Provide the minimum technical output for the unit.

[0191] ④The expected loss expression is:

[0192]

[0193] Among them, FRUS t Total amount not purchased for the up-ramp, FRDS t is the total amount of unpurchased demand curves in the downhill climb, NU and ND represent the total number of segments of the uphill demand curve and the total number of segments of the downhill demand curve, respectively, and FRUS t,m and FRDS t,m represents the unpurchased amount of up-climbing capacity and the unpurchased amount of down-climbing capacity in the mth interval of time period t, and They represent the upper and lower bounds of the unpurchased quantity for the up-ramp demand in the mth interval of time period t, and They respectively represent the upper bound and lower bound of the unpurchased quantity regarding the downward climbing demand in the mth interval of time period t.

[0194] Expected loss costs avoided:

[0195]

[0196] Among them, FRUS t Total amount not purchased for the up-ramp, FRDS t The total amount not purchased for the downhill climb, and They represent the demand curve price of the up-climbing capacity and the demand curve price of the down-climbing capacity in the mth interval of time period t, NU and ND represent the total number of segments of the up-climbing demand curve and the total number of segments of the down-climbing demand curve, respectively. FRUS t,m and FRDS t,m It represents the unpurchased amount of upward climbing capacity and the unpurchased amount of downward climbing capacity in the mth interval of time period t.

[0197] The unit output expression in S2.5 of this embodiment is established based on the winning power of the unit in the output range of different time periods, and can accurately reflect the output of the unit in different time periods. The minimum technical output cost expression combines the numerical value of the current technical output of the unit and the minimum technical output value, and can accurately calculate the cost of the unit at different output levels. The expected loss expression is established based on the upper and lower bounds of the preset interval regarding the unpurchased quantity, and can quantify the expected losses that power production enterprises may suffer due to failure to purchase sufficient ramping capacity products.

[0198] S3. Solve the new energy time-sharing capacity market model and the flexibility resource spot market model to obtain the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexibility resource unit respectively.

[0199] Step S3 of the embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows:

[0200] Use mature commercial solvers or preset methods to solve the renewable energy time-sharing capacity market model and obtain the output of renewable energy units;

[0201] Use mature commercial solvers or preset methods to solve the flexibility resource spot market model to obtain the output and winning capacity set of the flexibility resource units; among which, the winning capacity set includes fast ramping winning capacity, positive standby winning capacity and frequency regulation winning capacity.

[0202] S4. Adjust the power system according to the output of new energy units and the output of flexible resource units.

[0203] Step S4 of the embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows:

[0204] The power system is adjusted according to the output of new energy units, the output of flexible resource units and the winning capacity set to achieve a balance between supply and demand.

[0205] Overall, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0206] The new energy time-sharing capacity market model established in this application can fully consider the output characteristics of new energy, realize the effective integration and configuration of new energy resources through the market mechanism, improve the utilization rate of new energy, reduce the dependence on traditional energy, and thus enhance the flexibility and stability of the power system. The flexible resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, in which the objective function introduces a slack variable to satisfy the network flow constraint, which means that the model can flexibly adjust the output of the flexible resource unit according to the fluctuation of the new energy output in actual operation to meet the supply and demand balance of the power system and avoid market price signal distortion; at the same time, by considering the operating cost under different climbing requirements, the model can also achieve the most economical resource allocation. Due to the volatility and uncertainty of new energy, the power system needs to respond quickly to changes in load, and real-time solution and resource scheduling based on the established model can significantly improve the response speed and flexibility of the power system, help the power system better deal with the problem of untimely load response caused by the volatility of new energy, and ensure the stability and reliability of power supply. Therefore, this application ensures the rationality and reliability of the power plant unit combination and improves the network security of the power system.

[0207] Embodiment 2:

[0208] See also Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present application provides a unit output adjustment device considering multiple auxiliary services, including a data module 10, a model module 20, a solution module 30 and an adjustment module 40;

[0209] Wherein, the data module 10 is used to obtain the operation data of the power system;

[0210] Model module 20, used to establish a new energy time-sharing capacity market model for new energy units and a flexibility resource spot market model for flexibility resource units according to the operation data; wherein the flexibility resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, and the objective function is established by introducing slack variables to satisfy the network power flow constraints and considering the operation costs under different ramp requirements;

[0211] A solution module 30 is used to solve the new energy time-sharing capacity market model and the flexibility resource spot market model to obtain the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexibility resource unit respectively;

[0212] The adjustment module 40 is used to adjust the power system according to the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexible resource unit.

[0213] In one embodiment, the data module 10 is specifically:

[0214] Obtain the operating data of the power system; among them, the operating data includes three categories: system data, unit data and safety data. The system data mainly includes system load, bus load, system backup demand and rapid climbing demand, etc. The unit data mainly includes the upper and lower limits of unit output, the upper limit of unit climbing and landslide capability, the initial output of the unit and new energy prediction processing, etc. The safety data mainly includes the upper and lower limits of section line transmission capacity, etc.

[0215] In one embodiment, the model module 20 includes a function unit, a new energy unit, a target unit, a constraint unit and a flexibility unit; wherein the function unit is a process of establishing a first objective function, the new energy unit is a process of establishing a new energy time-sharing capacity market model in combination with a first constraint set and a first objective function, the target unit is a process of establishing an objective function, the constraint unit is a process of establishing a constraint set, and the flexibility unit is a process of establishing a flexibility resource spot market model in combination with a device operation expression set, an objective function and a constraint set, specifically:

[0216] The function unit is used to reduce the degree of non-satisfaction of network power flow constraints by minimizing the relaxation penalty based on the operation data, and to establish the first objective function F about the new energy unit based on minimizing the output cost of the new energy unit a .

[0217] Among them, the first objective function is:

[0218]

[0219] Among them, NE is the total number of new energy units; T represents the total number of time periods considered, where every 15 minutes on D day is a time period, and 96 time periods are considered. On D+1 day, two time periods, peak load and valley load, are considered, so T is 98; is the capacity cost declared by the new energy unit m and allocated to the tth period on the dth day based on its own fixed cost, P m,t is the variable for optimizing the output of new energy, M represents the penalty factor for the relaxation of network power constraints used for market clearing optimization, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively, and NS is the total number of sections.

[0220] The function unit of this embodiment reduces the degree of non-satisfaction of network flow constraints by minimizing relaxation penalties, which can not only avoid additional costs caused by violating constraints, but also improve the operating efficiency of the power system; and based on minimizing the output cost of the new energy unit, a first objective function for the new energy unit is established, which helps to reduce the overall operating cost of the power system and improve economic benefits.

[0221] The new energy unit is used to establish system load balance constraints by controlling the power generation and power consumption of the power system to maintain a balance based on operating data;

[0222] The new energy unit is also used to establish line flow constraints and section flow constraints by limiting line flow and section flow;

[0223] The new energy unit is also used to establish new energy output constraints by setting the range of power that the power generation equipment can output under preset conditions;

[0224] The new energy unit is also used to form a first constraint set about the new energy unit consisting of system load balance constraints, line flow constraints, section flow constraints and new energy output constraints.

[0225] The new energy unit is also used to calculate the energy consumption of the first target function F a A new energy time-sharing capacity market model for new energy units is established with the first constraint set; wherein the new energy units are mainly composed of two types of generating units: wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation.

[0226] Among them, the system load balancing constraint is:

[0227]

[0228] The line power flow constraint is:

[0229]

[0230] The cross-sectional flow constraints are:

[0231]

[0232] The output constraints of new energy are:

[0233]

[0234] Among them, NE is the total number of new energy units, P m,t Optimizing output variables for new energy sources, D t The system load reported by users during period t;

[0235] P l max represents the power transmission limit of line l, Gl-m is the sensitivity factor of the node where the new energy unit m is located to the line l, K represents the number of nodes in the system, G l-k represents the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l; D k,t represents the bus load value of node k in period t, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and the reverse power flow slack variable of line l respectively;

[0236] and They represent the lower limit and upper limit of power flow transmission of section s, respectively. s-m G is the sensitivity factor of the node where the new energy unit m is located to the section s, s-k represents the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to section s, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and the reverse flow relaxation variable of section s respectively;

[0237] It is the predicted value of new energy.

[0238] The new energy unit of this embodiment controls the power generation and power consumption of the power system to maintain a balance, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the power system and preventing equipment damage or power outages caused by power imbalance. Limiting line flow and section flow can prevent overload of lines and sections in the power system, thereby reducing the risk of system collapse. By setting the power range that the power generation equipment can output under preset conditions, it is possible to effectively control the output of the new energy unit and avoid excessive or insufficient output of the new energy unit under unfavorable conditions.

[0239] The target unit is used to satisfy the network power flow constraints by introducing slack variables and consider the operating costs under different ramp requirements to establish the target function F b .

[0240] Among them, the objective function is:

[0241]

[0242] Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units; is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; is the power generation or charging cost of the flexible resource, and the specific power generation cost or charging cost depends on the load and the new energy deviation; T represents the total number of time periods considered, where D day has a time period of 15 minutes, and 96 time periods are considered. D+1 day considers two time periods of load peak and trough, so T is 98; is the positive reserve quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning positive reserve capacity of unit i in time period t, is the frequency regulation quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning bid frequency regulation capacity of unit i in time period t, M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s, NS is the total number of sections; f(FRUS t ,FRDS t ) represents the expected loss caused by not purchasing ramp-up capability products, which is equal to the total amount of ramp-up not purchased FRUS t , downhill climb not purchased total FRDS t and multi-segment linear functions related to the price of the ramp demand curve;

[0243] and They represent the operating cost, startup cost and minimum stable technical output cost of unit i in period t, respectively. It is a multi-segment linear function related to the output ranges declared by the unit and the corresponding energy prices; startup cost It is a function related to the downtime of the unit, used to represent the startup cost of the unit in different states (cold / warm / hot); minimum stable technical output cost The period when the unit is turned on is included in the calculation.

[0244] A constraint unit is used to establish system balance and reserve constraints by maintaining a balance between power generation and power consumption; wherein the system balance and reserve constraints include deviation balance constraints, system positive reserve capacity constraints, and system negative reserve capacity constraints;

[0245] The constraint unit is also used to establish frequency regulation and ramping constraints by controlling the demand for rapid increase of power generation capacity and the demand for frequency regulation capacity; wherein the frequency regulation and ramping constraints include system frequency regulation demand constraints, rapid ramping demand constraints and unit ramping constraints;

[0246] The constraint unit is also used to establish unit operation constraints by controlling the maximum output of the generator set when it is used as a standby device and the maximum output change during the frequency regulation process; wherein the unit operation constraints include the unit standby upper limit constraint, the unit frequency regulation upper limit constraint, the unit rapid ramp upper limit constraint, the flexible unit output and auxiliary service capacity coupling constraint, the unit minimum continuous start and stop time constraint and the unit maximum start and stop number constraint;

[0247] The constraint unit is also used to establish output and power flow constraints by controlling the power flow of each line and the preset section; wherein the output and power flow constraints include the upper and lower limit constraints of the unit group output, the first line power flow constraint and the first section power flow constraint;

[0248] The constraint unit is also used to form a constraint set consisting of system balance and standby constraints, frequency regulation and ramp constraints, unit operation constraints, and output and flow constraints.

[0249] The constraints in the constraint set are:

[0250] ① Deviation balance constraint is:

[0251] For time period t, the deviation balance constraint can be expressed as:

[0252]

[0253] Among them, for the parameter ΔD t and ΔP m,t have:

[0254]

[0255] Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units; is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the load and the deviation of new energy; T j,t represents the planned power of tie line j in period t (input is positive, output is negative), NT is the total number of tie lines, ΔD t is the system load deviation obtained by the power deviation balancing market during period t, is the load forecast value obtained in the flexibility resource market, D t is the system load reported by users during period t, NE is the total number of new energy units, ΔP m,t is the output deviation of the new energy unit m in period t, is the predicted value of the new energy unit m in the flexible resource market in period t, P m,t Optimize output variables for new energy sources.

[0256] ②The system positive reserve capacity constraint is:

[0257]

[0258] Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units, is the positive reserve winning bid of unit i in period t, is the system positive spare capacity requirement for period t.

[0259] ③The system negative reserve capacity constraint is:

[0260]

[0261] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; is the minimum output of unit i in period t, is the system negative reserve capacity requirement for period t; α i,t Indicates the start and stop status of unit i in time period t, 0 indicates that the unit is shut down, and 1 indicates that the unit is on.

[0262] ④The system frequency regulation demand constraint is:

[0263]

[0264] in, is the winning bid frequency regulation capacity of unit i in time period t, is the system frequency regulation capacity requirement during period t.

[0265] ⑤The fast climbing demand constraint is:

[0266] For each time period t, the fast ramp-up constraint can be described as:

[0267]

[0268]

[0269] Among them, FRU i,t is the ramp-up purchase quantity of unit i in period t, FRUR t is the uphill demand in period t; FRD i,t For down-slope purchase volume, FRDR t is the downhill demand, FRUS t Total amount not purchased for the up-ramp, FRDS t The total amount not purchased for the downhill climb.

[0270] ⑥ The unit climbing constraint is:

[0271] When the unit is climbing up or down a slope, it should meet the climbing rate requirements. The climbing constraint can be described as:

[0272]

[0273] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; and are the minimum and maximum technical output of unit i in period t, ΔPi U is the maximum ramp rate of unit i, ΔP i D is the maximum down-slope rate of unit i; α i,t Indicates the start and stop status of unit i in time period t, 0 indicates that the unit is shut down, and 1 indicates that the unit is on.

[0274] ⑦ The upper limit constraint of the unit standby is:

[0275]

[0276] in, is the positive reserve winning bid of unit i in period t, is the maximum reserve declared by unit i in time period t.

[0277] ⑧ The upper limit constraint of unit frequency regulation is:

[0278]

[0279] in, is the maximum frequency regulation declared by unit i in time period t.

[0280] ⑨ The upper limit constraint of the unit rapid ramp is:

[0281]

[0282] Among them, FRU i,t and FRD i,t are the up-ramp purchase quantity and down-ramp purchase quantity of unit i in period t, and are the minimum technical output and maximum technical output of unit i in period t respectively; is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the load and the deviation of new energy; ΔP i U is the maximum ramp rate of unit i, ΔP i D is the maximum ramp down rate of unit i.

[0283] ⑩ The coupling constraint between the output of flexible units and the capacity of auxiliary services is:

[0284] The output of the unit should be within its maximum / minimum output range, and its constraints can be described as:

[0285]

[0286] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; α i,tIndicates the start and stop status of unit i in time period t, 0 indicates that the unit is shut down, and 1 indicates that the unit is on; and are the minimum and maximum technical output of unit i in period t, respectively, and FRU i,t and FRD i,t are the up-ramp purchase quantity and down-ramp purchase quantity of unit i in time period t respectively.

[0287] The minimum continuous start and stop time constraint of the unit is:

[0288] Due to the physical properties of thermal power units and actual operation requirements, thermal power units are required to meet the minimum continuous start / stop time. Therefore, the minimum continuous start / stop time constraint can be described as:

[0289]

[0290] Among them, α i,t is the start and stop status of unit i in period t, T U and T D They are the minimum continuous start time and minimum continuous stop time of the unit respectively; and are the continuous startup time and continuous shutdown time of unit i in period t, respectively, which can be expressed by the state variable α i,t (i=1~N, t=1~T) to express:

[0291]

[0292] The maximum start and stop times of the unit are constrained as follows:

[0293] Definition η i,t Indicates whether unit i switches to the startup state in period t, γ i,t Indicates whether unit i switches to shutdown state in period t, then η i,t and γ i,t The following conditions must be met:

[0294]

[0295] The start and stop times limit of the corresponding unit i can be expressed as follows:

[0296]

[0297] in, and Respectively represent the maximum number of starts and stops.

[0298] The upper and lower limits of the unit group output are:

[0299]

[0300] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; and are the maximum output and minimum output of generator group j in time period t respectively.

[0301] The first line power flow constraint is:

[0302] The output of the unit group should be within its maximum / minimum output range, and its line flow constraint can be described as:

[0303]

[0304] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; P m,t Optimizing output variables for new energy, P l max is the power transmission limit of line l, G l-i is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where the flexible resource unit i is located on line l, G l-j is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where the tie line j is located to the line l, T j,t represents the planned power of tie line j in time period t (input is positive, output is negative), K is the number of nodes in the system, G l-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of node k to line l, is the bus load forecast value of node k in the flexibility resource market in period t, and are the forward power flow slack variables and reverse power flow slack variables of line l respectively.

[0305] The first section flow constraint is:

[0306]

[0307] in, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, which can be positive or negative depending on the deviation of load and renewable energy; P s min and P s max are the lower limit and upper limit of power flow transmission of section s, respectively, G s-m G is the sensitivity factor of the node where the new energy unit m is located to the section s, s-iis the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where unit i is located to section s, P m,t Optimizing output variables for new energy, G s-j is the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node j in the tie line to the section s, T j,t represents the planned power of tie line j in period t (input is positive, output is negative), G s-k is the generator output power transfer distribution factor for node k to section s, is the bus load forecast value of node k in the flexibility resource market in period t, and are the forward flow relaxation variables and reverse flow relaxation variables of section s respectively.

[0308] The constraint unit of this embodiment can ensure the reasonable distribution of power flow in the power system by controlling the power flow of each line and preset section, avoiding line overload and power imbalance problems. Maintaining the balance between power generation and power consumption can prevent power shortage or surplus in the system and ensure the stable operation of the power system. Establishing frequency regulation and ramp constraints can ensure that the power system has the ability to quickly adjust power generation and frequency regulation when load fluctuates or emergencies occur, thereby maintaining the frequency and voltage stability of the system. By controlling the maximum output of the generator set when it is used as a backup device and the change in maximum output during the frequency regulation process, it can ensure that the unit operates within a reasonable range to avoid excessive wear or unnecessary energy consumption.

[0309] The flexibility unit is used to establish the unit output expression based on the operation data and the winning power of the unit in the output range at different time periods;

[0310] The flexibility unit is also used to establish the unit operation cost expression based on the energy price declared by the unit in different output ranges;

[0311] The flexibility unit is also used to establish the minimum technical output cost expression according to the numerical value of the current technical output of the unit and the minimum technical output value of the unit;

[0312] The flexibility unit is further used to establish an expected loss expression for the unpurchased ramping capacity products according to an upper bound and a lower bound of the unpurchased quantity in a preset interval;

[0313] The flexibility unit is also used to form a set of equipment operation expressions consisting of unit output expressions, unit operation cost expressions, minimum technical output cost expressions and expected loss expressions.

[0314] The flexibility unit is also used to run the expression set, the objective function F according to the device bA flexibility resource spot market model for flexibility resource units is established based on the constraint set; wherein the flexibility resource units are composed of gas units and energy storage, pumped storage and other units.

[0315] The expressions in the device operation expression set are as follows:

[0316] ① The unit output expression is:

[0317]

[0318] in, is the output of flexible resource i in time period t, which can be positive or negative according to the deviation of load and renewable energy; NM is the total number of units’ quotation stages, P i,t,m is the winning bid power of unit i in the mth output interval in time period t, and They are respectively the upper and lower bounds of the mth output interval declared by unit i.

[0319] ② The expression of unit operating cost is:

[0320]

[0321] in represents the operating cost of unit i in period t, NM is the total number of periods of unit quotation, C i,t,m is the energy price corresponding to the mth output interval declared by unit i, P i,t,m is the winning power of unit i in the mth output interval in time period t.

[0322] ③The minimum technical output cost expression is:

[0323]

[0324] in, is the minimum technical output cost, P i,t is the technical output of unit i in period t, Provide the minimum technical output for the unit.

[0325] ④The expected loss expression is:

[0326]

[0327] Among them, FRUS t Total amount not purchased for the up-ramp, FRDS t is the total amount of unpurchased demand curves in the downhill climb, NU and ND represent the total number of segments of the uphill demand curve and the total number of segments of the downhill demand curve, respectively, and FRUS t,m and FRDS t,mrepresents the unpurchased amount of up-climbing capacity and the unpurchased amount of down-climbing capacity in the mth interval of time period t, and They represent the upper and lower bounds of the unpurchased quantity for the up-ramp demand in the mth interval of time period t, and They respectively represent the upper bound and lower bound of the unpurchased quantity regarding the downward climbing demand in the mth interval of time period t.

[0328] Expected loss costs avoided:

[0329]

[0330] Among them, FRUS t Total amount not purchased for the up-ramp, FRDS t The total amount not purchased for the downhill climb, and They represent the demand curve price of the up-climbing capacity and the demand curve price of the down-climbing capacity in the mth interval of time period t, NU and ND represent the total number of segments of the up-climbing demand curve and the total number of segments of the down-climbing demand curve, respectively. FRUS t,m and FRDS t,m It represents the unpurchased amount of upward climbing capacity and the unpurchased amount of downward climbing capacity in the mth interval of time period t.

[0331] The unit output expression in the flexibility unit of this embodiment is established based on the winning power of the unit in the output range of different time periods, and can accurately reflect the output of the unit in different time periods. The minimum technical output cost expression combines the numerical value of the current technical output of the unit and the minimum technical output value, and can accurately calculate the cost of the unit at different output levels. The expected loss expression is established based on the upper and lower bounds of the preset interval regarding the unpurchased quantity, and can quantify the expected losses that power production enterprises may suffer due to failure to purchase sufficient ramping capacity products.

[0332] In one embodiment, the solution module 30 is specifically:

[0333] Use mature commercial solvers or preset methods to solve the renewable energy time-sharing capacity market model and obtain the output of renewable energy units;

[0334] Use mature commercial solvers or preset methods to solve the flexibility resource spot market model to obtain the output and winning capacity set of the flexibility resource units; among which, the winning capacity set includes fast ramping winning capacity, positive standby winning capacity and frequency regulation winning capacity.

[0335] In one embodiment, the adjustment module 40 is specifically:

[0336] The power system is adjusted according to the output of new energy units, the output of flexible resource units and the winning capacity set to achieve a balance between supply and demand.

[0337] Overall, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0338] The new energy time-sharing capacity market model established in this application can fully consider the output characteristics of new energy, realize the effective integration and configuration of new energy resources through the market mechanism, improve the utilization rate of new energy, reduce the dependence on traditional energy, and thus enhance the flexibility and stability of the power system. The flexible resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, in which the objective function introduces a slack variable to satisfy the network flow constraint, which means that the model can flexibly adjust the output of the flexible resource unit according to the fluctuation of the new energy output in actual operation to meet the supply and demand balance of the power system and avoid market price signal distortion; at the same time, by considering the operating cost under different climbing requirements, the model can also achieve the most economical resource allocation. Due to the volatility and uncertainty of new energy, the power system needs to respond quickly to changes in load, and real-time solution and resource scheduling based on the established model can significantly improve the response speed and flexibility of the power system, help the power system better deal with the problem of untimely load response caused by the volatility of new energy, and ensure the stability and reliability of power supply. Therefore, this application ensures the rationality and reliability of the power plant unit combination and improves the network security of the power system.

[0339] Embodiment three:

[0340] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the method for adjusting the unit output considering multiple auxiliary services;

[0341] Wherein, the unit output adjustment method considering multiple auxiliary services, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0342] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting unit output considering multiple auxiliary services, characterized in that: include: Obtaining operation data of power system; A new energy time-sharing capacity market model for new energy units and a flexibility resource spot market model for flexibility resource units are established according to the operation data; wherein the flexibility resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, and the objective function is established by introducing slack variables to satisfy network power flow constraints and taking into account the operation costs under different ramp requirements; Solving the new energy time-sharing capacity market model and the flexibility resource spot market model to obtain the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexibility resource unit respectively; The power system is adjusted according to the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexible resource unit.

2. A method for adjusting unit output considering multiple auxiliary services as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The new energy time-sharing capacity market model is specifically as follows: Based on the operation data, the degree of non-satisfaction of the network power flow constraint is reduced by minimizing the relaxation penalty, and a first objective function for the new energy unit is established based on minimizing the output cost of the new energy unit; By controlling the power generation and power consumption balance of the power system and limiting the power flow of lines and sections, the first constraint set about the new energy units is established; The new energy time-sharing capacity market model for the new energy generator set is established according to the first objective function and the first constraint set.

3. A method for adjusting unit output considering multiple auxiliary services as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: By controlling the balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system and limiting the power flow of lines and sections, the first set of constraints on the renewable energy units is established. Specifically, Based on the operation data, a system load balance constraint is established by controlling the power generation and power consumption of the power system to maintain a balance; By limiting the line flow and section flow, the line flow constraints and section flow constraints are established; Establishing new energy output constraints by setting the range of power that power generation equipment can output under preset conditions; The first constraint set about the new energy generator set is composed of the system load balance constraint, the line flow constraint, the section flow constraint and the new energy output constraint.

4. The method for adjusting unit output considering multiple auxiliary services as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The flexibility resource spot market model is specifically: Establish system balance and reserve constraints by maintaining a balance between power generation and power consumption; Establish frequency regulation and ramping constraints by controlling the need for rapid addition of generation capacity and the need for frequency regulation capacity; By controlling the maximum output of the generator set as a standby device and the maximum output change during frequency regulation, the unit operation constraints are established; By controlling the flow of each line and preset section, the output and flow constraints are established; The constraint set is composed of the system balance and standby constraints, the frequency regulation and ramp-up constraints, the unit operation constraints, and the output and power flow constraints; The flexibility resource spot market model is established according to the equipment operation expression set, the objective function and the constraint set.

5. A method for adjusting unit output considering multiple auxiliary services as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The device runs an expression set, specifically: Based on the operation data, according to the winning bid power of the unit in different time periods, an output expression of the unit is established; According to the numerical value of the current technical output of the unit, combined with the minimum technical output value of the unit, the minimum technical output cost expression is established; According to the upper and lower bounds of the unpurchased quantity in the preset interval, an expected loss expression for the unpurchased ramping capacity products is established; The equipment operation expression set is composed of the unit output expression, the minimum technical output cost expression and the expected loss expression.

6. The method for adjusting unit output considering multiple auxiliary services as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The objective function is specifically: Among them, NF represents the total number of flexible resource units, is the output of flexible resource i in period t, is the generation or charging cost of the flexible resource. The specific generation cost or charging cost depends on the load and the new energy deviation. T represents the total number of time periods considered. and They represent the operating cost, startup cost, and minimum stable technical output cost of unit i in period t, respectively. is the positive reserve quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning positive reserve capacity of unit i in time period t, is the frequency regulation quotation of unit i in period t, is the winning bid frequency regulation capacity of unit i in time period t, M represents the network power flow constraint relaxation penalty factor for market clearing optimization, and They represent the forward power flow slack variable and reverse power flow slack variable of line l, NL is the total number of lines, and They represent the forward flow relaxation variable and reverse flow relaxation variable of section s, NS is the total number of sections, f(FRUS t ,FRDS t ) indicates the unpurchased amount FRUS with up and down ramps t and FRDS t Multi-segment linear function related to the price of the ramp demand curve, FRU i,t is the ramp-up purchase quantity of unit i in period t, FRD i,t Purchase volume for the downhill climb.

7. A unit output adjustment device taking into account multiple auxiliary services, characterized in that: It includes data module, model module, solution module and adjustment module; Wherein, the data module is used to obtain the operation data of the power system; The model module is used to establish a new energy time-sharing capacity market model for the new energy unit and a flexibility resource spot market model for the flexibility resource unit according to the operation data; wherein the flexibility resource spot market model includes an objective function and a constraint set, and the objective function is established by introducing slack variables to satisfy the network power flow constraints and taking into account the operation costs under different ramp requirements; The solution module is used to solve the new energy time-sharing capacity market model and the flexibility resource spot market model to obtain the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexibility resource unit respectively; The adjustment module is used to adjust the power system according to the output of the new energy unit and the output of the flexible resource unit.

8. The unit output adjustment device considering multiple auxiliary services as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The new energy time-sharing capacity market model is specifically as follows: Based on the operation data, the degree of non-satisfaction of the network power flow constraint is reduced by minimizing the relaxation penalty, and a first objective function for the new energy unit is established based on minimizing the output cost of the new energy unit; By controlling the power generation and power consumption balance of the power system and limiting the power flow of lines and sections, the first constraint set about the new energy units is established; The new energy time-sharing capacity market model for the new energy generator set is established according to the first objective function and the first constraint set.

9. The unit output adjustment device considering multiple auxiliary services as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: By controlling the balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system and limiting the power flow of lines and sections, the first set of constraints on the renewable energy units is established. Specifically, Based on the operation data, a system load balance constraint is established by controlling the power generation and power consumption of the power system to maintain a balance; By limiting the line flow and section flow, the line flow constraints and section flow constraints are established; Establishing new energy output constraints by setting the range of power that power generation equipment can output under preset conditions; The first constraint set about the new energy generator set is composed of the system load balance constraint, the line flow constraint, the section flow constraint and the new energy output constraint.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, which is called and executed by a computer to implement a method for adjusting unit output taking into account multiple auxiliary services as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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