Dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shell breaking machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shell breaking machine which comprises a machine frame, an air injection cleaning device, a material storing and feeding device, a dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device, a material collecting assembly and a shell breaking machine cover. The double-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device is arranged on the front portion of the upper end face of the rack, the storing and feeding device is arranged in the rear end of the rack and located behind the double-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device, and the air injection cleaning device is arranged at the upper end of the rack and located in front of the double-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device. The material collecting assembly is arranged in the front end of the rack and located under the double-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device, and the shell breaking machine cover is arranged on the front portion of the upper end of the rack and hinged to the middle of the rack through a hinge. Continuous operation of material conveying, feeding clamping, extrusion shell breaking and discharging is achieved, walnuts do not need to be graded before shell breaking, the shell breaking rate is high, reliability is high, faults caused by the fact that shell breaking chippings splash to block a motion structure are avoided, shell and kernel separation after walnut extrusion is accelerated, and machine tool cleanliness, material conveying smoothness and shell breaking reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine. Background Art

[0002] Walnuts have extremely high nutritional and economic value. my country is the world's largest walnut producer, with a walnut planting area of ​​more than 100 million mu and an annual output of more than 5 million tons of dried fruits. The high kernel rate of walnut kernels directly determines the value of subsequent products. Therefore, high-quality and efficient shelling and kernel extraction equipment is the key to reducing walnut processing costs and increasing the high kernel rate.

[0003] At present, shelling equipment at home and abroad is mostly for specific varieties and graded walnuts, and often adopts a fixed-gap extrusion shelling method to achieve good shelling results. However, there are many varieties of walnuts, with different appearance sizes and shell thicknesses. The main problems of existing shelling equipment include: (1) poor versatility, which can easily cause excessive extrusion to damage the kernel or fail to fully crack the shell; (2) low operating efficiency. In order to ensure the quality of shelling, walnuts need to be graded and intermittently cracked, which reduces operating efficiency; (3) poor reliability. After shelling, small debris splashes and easily blocks the moving structure, and large debris will be embedded in the extrusion components, increasing the operating failure rate of shelling equipment.

[0004] A Chinese invention patent application (application number CN2020115716607) discloses a synchronous elastic cylinder walnut shelling machine, which transports walnuts from a hopper with a long slot to a shelling rotor through a guide roller drive device, and completes the clamping, locking, and shelling of the walnuts at the shelling rotor through pneumatic components; a Chinese utility model patent (application number 2022235024478) discloses a walnut shelling device, which realizes shelling through the squeezing of two clamping rollers and the collision of the collision roller and the collision shell, and a Chinese utility model patent (application number 2023222941384) discloses a walnut shelling and kernel extraction device, which drives multiple gear connecting rods to drive the squeezing columns through a motor to realize multiple walnut squeezing and shelling. The above shelling devices are suitable for specific varieties and walnuts after grading, and cannot take into account the shelling quality and operating efficiency, and do not consider the problem of debris clogging after shelling. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine in view of the poor versatility and low reliability of the walnut shelling equipment described in the technical background, the inability to balance the shelling quality and operating efficiency, and the failure to consider the clogging of debris after shelling.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine, including a frame, a jet cleaning device, a material storage and feeding device, a dual-channel electric extrusion shelling device, a material receiving assembly and a shelling machine cover; the dual-channel electric extrusion shelling device is placed in the front of the upper end of the frame, the material storage and feeding device is placed inside the rear end of the frame and behind the dual-channel electric extrusion shelling device, the jet cleaning device is placed on the upper end of the frame and in front of the dual-channel electric extrusion shelling device, the material receiving assembly is placed inside the front end of the frame and directly below the dual-channel electric extrusion shelling device, and the shelling machine cover is placed on the front of the upper end of the frame and is hinged to the middle of the frame through hinges.

[0007] Furthermore, the material storage and loading device includes a material box, and the front plate of the material box has two slotted material transport channels along the central symmetry plane. A walnut size adjustment component is fixedly connected to the inner side of each slotted material transport channel close to the central symmetry plane, and a dividing wedge is arranged between the two groups of walnut size adjustment components. A material conveying device is arranged directly below the two slotted material transport channels; the walnut size adjustment component includes an adjusting part, an adjusting bolt and a spring, and the adjusting part includes a fixed plate, a paddle and a fixed plate, the adjusting bolt passes through the front end fixed plate hole of the fixed plate, the spring and the front end paddle hole of the paddle, the ends of the fixed plate and the paddle are connected to the fixed plate, and the end of the fixed plate is inclined toward the central symmetry plane.

[0008] Furthermore, the material transporting device includes two material transport roller chain devices, a sprocket shaft, a main shaft and a sprocket, and the two material transport roller chain devices are arranged corresponding to the two slotted material transport channels; each material transport roller chain device includes a round roller, a material transport chain, a small sprocket and a large sprocket, and the round roller is fixedly connected to the outer chain plate of the material transport chain; one end of the material transport chain is fixedly connected to the sprocket shaft through the small sprocket, and the other end is fixedly connected to the main shaft through the large sprocket, and the small sprocket and the large sprocket are both engaged with the material transport chain; the sprocket is fixedly connected to the middle part of the sprocket shaft and is connected to the motor fixed to the lower layer of the rear part of the frame through a chain; both ends of the sprocket shaft are fixedly connected to the lower crossbeam of the rear part of the frame by a sprocket shaft vertical seat, and both ends of the main shaft are fixed to the front crossbeam of the upper end of the frame by a main shaft vertical seat with matching bearings.

[0009] Furthermore, two vibration plate connecting rings are fixed at the left and right ends of the upper edge of the rear plate of the material box, and the vibration plate is hinged to the rear plate of the material box through a thin short shaft fixed to the left and right ends of the upper edge and passes through the vibration plate connecting ring and moves in the inner cavity of the material box; the rear plate of the material box is arranged with two square holes, and the two square holes are symmetrically arranged along the central symmetry plane, and the two vibration cams symmetrically fixed to the camshaft are slidably connected to the rear side of the vibration plate through the square holes; the two ends of the camshaft are respectively fixed to the middle crossbeam at the rear of the frame through camshaft vertical seats, and the cam motor drives the camshaft to rotate through the gear set at the end of the camshaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the material dividing wedge is a triangular pyramid, the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is fitted with the rear plate of the material box, one side surface of the triangular pyramid is fitted with the front plate of the material box, and the other two side surfaces are symmetrical.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper plane of the circular roller coincides with the upper plane of the slotted material transport channel, and the angle between the material transport roller chain device and the horizontal direction is 20° to 40°.

[0012] Furthermore, the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device comprises two fixed hammer discs and a conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly arranged between the two fixed hammer discs, one fixed hammer disc is located on the outside of one material conveying roller chain device, the other fixed hammer disc is located on the outside of another material conveying roller chain device and is concentric with the main shaft, and the conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly is located between the two material conveying roller chain devices and is placed in the axial middle of the main shaft and is concentric with the main shaft;

[0013] Each fixed hammer disk includes a hole disk, a rib disk and a fixed hammer rod. The hole disk and the rib disk are concentrically fixedly connected through a sleeve on the rib disk. One end of the main shaft passes through the sleeve of one fixed hammer disk, and the other end passes through the sleeve of another fixed hammer disk. Four sleeve bolt holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of one side where the sleeve is fixed to the rib disk. The sleeve passes through the center disk hole and is fixed to the main shaft through a set screw. A number of hole disk fixing holes are evenly distributed on the end surface of the hole disk. The fixed hammer rod passes through the hole disk fixing hole and rests on the rib disk. The end of the fixed hammer rod away from the rib disk is a fixed hammer rod ball concave surface with a granular protrusion structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly includes an annular cover, a hollow shaft slip ring stator and a slip ring rotor, and several groups of bidirectional electric push rods, and the several groups of bidirectional electric push rods are evenly arranged on the slip ring rotor along the symmetrical midplane of the slip ring rotor and along the circumferential direction; the main shaft passes through the hollow shaft slip ring stator, and the hollow shaft slip ring stator passes through the slip ring rotor, the annular cover completely wraps the outer periphery of the slip ring rotor, and the annular cover, the hollow shaft slip ring stator, the slip ring rotor and the main shaft are concentric; the fastening screws pass through the annular cover holes on the outer periphery of the annular cover and the rotor bolt holes on the circumferential surface of the slip ring rotor in sequence to fix the annular cover and the slip ring rotor; anti-rotation plates are provided at both ends of the hollow shaft slip ring stator, and the hollow shaft slip ring stator is fixed to the middle cross beam at the front of the frame through the anti-rotation plate holes at the lower end of the anti-rotation plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of rotor fixing holes are arranged along the circumferential direction on both end surfaces of the slip ring rotor, and the number of the rotor fixing holes is the same as the number of the bidirectional electric push rods and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; one end of the bidirectional electric push rod passes through the rotor fixing hole on one end surface of the slip ring rotor until the flange surface at one axial end of the bidirectional electric push rod is fixedly connected to the one end surface of the slip ring rotor through the flange hole surface, and the other end of the electric push rod passes through the rotor fixing hole on the other end surface of the slip ring rotor until the flange surface at the other axial end of the bidirectional electric push rod is fixedly connected to the other end surface of the slip ring rotor through the flange hole surface, and both end surfaces of the electric push rod are electric push rod ball concave surfaces with granular protrusion structures; the fixed hammer rod is coaxial with the electric push rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the jet cleaning device includes two brackets, a pipeline, two groups of serpentine tubes and an inclined pipeline. The two brackets are fixedly connected to the left-right symmetrical crossbeams at the front of the upper end of the frame through the bracket holes at the bottom and are located at the front end of the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device; one end of the pipeline passes through a three-way joint and a circular through hole of a bracket in turn and is fixed to the bracket through a bracket screw, and the other end of the pipeline passes through another three-way joint and the circular through hole of another bracket in turn and is fixed to the bracket through a bracket screw, and the pipeline is parallel to the main shaft axis; the upper end of one group of serpentine tubes is connected to the three-way joint through a joint, and the upper end of the other group of serpentine tubes is connected to the three-way joint through a joint, and the lower ends of the two groups of serpentine tubes are connected to the air nozzle; the top end of the inclined pipeline is connected and fixed to the pipeline, and the bottom end is connected to the air source fixed to the inner side of the middle part of the left end of the frame through the air source hole.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The present invention has strong versatility and can avoid excessive squeezing and damaging the kernels or failure to fully crack the shells by adjusting the walnut size adjustment component on the material box or setting the electric push rod to clamp the initial walnuts, thereby achieving a good shelling effect.

[0019] (2) The present invention has high operational reliability. A discharge port jet cleaning device is provided at the discharge port of the terminal station of the extrusion shell breaking device, which can jet clean walnut debris splashed on the moving structure and embedded in the extrusion components, thereby accelerating the separation of the shell and the kernel after the walnut is extruded, improving the cleanliness of the machine, the smoothness of material transportation and the reliability of shell breaking, and reducing the failure rate.

[0020] (3) The shell breaking operation of the present invention is highly efficient, and dual channels are used for simultaneous shell breaking. No classification is required before shell breaking, and continuous shell breaking operation is possible.

[0021] (4) The present invention utilizes a bidirectional electric push rod to replace the pneumatic cylinder-driven shell-breaking device commonly used in general walnut shell-breaking devices. The device has high sensitivity, quick action, and is easy to implement program control. The installation requirements of the shell-breaking components, the requirements for supporting equipment, and the maintenance and manufacturing costs are reduced, and the mechanical efficiency is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the material box in the intermediate storage and loading device.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the middle material box.

[0025] Figures 4 to 6 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the intermediate storage material feeding device.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation position relationship between the intermediate storage material feeding device and the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device.

[0028] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition.

[0029] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the fixed hammer plate.

[0030] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed hammer rod.

[0031] Fig.12 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly;

[0032] Fig.13 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly.

[0033] Fig.14 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bidirectional electric linear actuator.

[0034] Fig.15 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the conductive slip ring.

[0035] Fig.16 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the slip ring rotor structure.

[0036] Fig.17 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a hollow shaft slip ring stator.

[0037] Fig.18 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the medium jet cleaning device.

[0038] Fig.19 for Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle bracket.

[0039] Fig. 20 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the relative position relationship between the intermediate material receiving assembly and the electric extrusion shell breaking device.

[0040] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle guide plate.

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] 1-frame, 2-jet cleaning device, 3-material storage and feeding device, 4-dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device, 5-material receiving assembly, 6-shell breaking machine cover, 7-universal roller;

[0043] 201-bracket, circular through hole 202, 203-tee joint, 204-joint, 205-air nozzle, 206-serpentine tube, 207-gas source hole, 208-gas source, bracket hole 209, g1-pipeline, g2-inclined pipeline;

[0044] 301- material box, 302- outer ear plate, 303- slotted material transport channel, 304- spring, 305- adjusting bolt, 306- fixed plate, 307- paddle, 308- fixed plate, 309- material dividing wedge, 310- square hole, 311- vibration plate connecting ring, 312- front end fixed plate hole, 313- front end paddle hole, 314- outer ear plate hole, 315- camshaft, 316- vibration cam, 317- cam motor, 318 - gear set, 319- camshaft vertical seat, 320- thin short shaft, 321- vibration plate, 322- walnut, 323- small sprocket, 324- motor, 325- chain, 326- round roller, 327- transport chain, 328- sprocket shaft vertical seat, 329- spindle vertical seat, 330- bearing, 331- spindle, 332- sprocket shaft, 333- transport roller chain, sprocket 334, 335- large sprocket, 336- spindle sprocket;

[0045] 401-fixed hammer plate, 402-fixed hammer rod, 403-hole plate fixing hole, 404-center plate hole, 405-hole plate, 406-rib plate, 407-sleeve, 408-sleeve bolt hole, 409-fixed hammer rod ball concave surface, 410-set screw, 411-electric push rod, 412-annular cover, 413-connecting screw, 414-end cover, 415-end cover gasket, 416-stator bearing, 41 7-hollow shaft slip ring stator, 418-slip ring rotor, 419-annular cover hole, 420-bidirectional electric push rod, 421-flange surface, 422-flange hole, 423-fastening screw, 424-rotor fixing hole, 425-rotor bolt hole, 426-stop plate, 427-stop plate hole, 428-stator bolt hole, 429-electric push rod ball concave surface, 430-conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly;

[0046] 501-guide plate, 502-collecting hopper, 503-guide plate hole, 504-discharge port, 505-guide inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they do not limit the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1 The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine shown includes a frame 1, an air jet cleaning device 2, a material storage and feeding device 3, a dual-channel electric extrusion shelling device 4, a material receiving component 5, a shelling machine cover 6 and a universal roller 7. Among them, the frame 1 is a rectangular hollow structure and is made of square steel welding; the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4 is placed in front of the upper end of the frame, the storage and feeding device 3 is placed inside the rear end of the frame 1 and is located behind the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4, the jet cleaning device 2 is placed on the upper end of the frame 1 and is located in front of the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4, and the receiving assembly 5 is placed inside the front end of the frame 1 and is located directly below the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4 (that is, the storage and feeding device 3, the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4, the jet cleaning device 2 and the receiving assembly 5 are placed in the upper part of the frame 1 from back to front according to the feeding, shell breaking and receiving procedures in the walnut shell breaking process), the shell breaking machine cover 6 is placed at the front of the upper end of the frame 1 and is hinged to the middle part of the frame 1 through a hinge, and the universal roller 7 is fixed to the lower end support of the frame 1; specifically, there are 8 universal rollers in total, and the height of the lower end support of the frame is 30 to 80 mm.

[0049] The material storage and loading device is used to pre-load a small amount of walnuts in the material box. Through the disturbance of the vibration plate, the walnuts are pushed into the round roller interval of the conveying roller chain and transported to the double-channel electric extrusion shelling device by the conveying roller chain; the double-channel electric extrusion shelling device extrude and shell the walnuts transported by the conveying roller chain through a two-way electric push rod; the jet cleaning device uses the high-pressure air sprayed from the lower end jet nozzle at the walnut unloading station to clean the smaller debris splashed on the moving structure of the shelling machine and the larger debris embedded in the extrusion component; the collecting component collects and processes the shell kernels after shelling.

[0050] The walnuts in the storage and loading device are disturbed by a vibration plate and sorted by a walnut size adjustment component, and then transported from a material transport channel to a shelling device by a transport roller chain. After shelling, the walnuts are further processed by an air jet cleaning device and fall into a receiving box; by adjusting the rotational linear speed of the shelling device to be consistent with the transport speed of the transport roller chain, continuous operations of transporting, feeding, clamping, extruding, shelling, and unloading are realized. The present invention does not require grading of walnuts before shelling, has a high shelling rate, and is highly reliable. It avoids failures caused by splashing of shelling debris and blocking of the motion structure, accelerates the separation of shells and kernels after walnut extrusion, and improves the cleanliness of the machine, the smoothness of material transport, and the reliability of shelling.

[0051] like Figures 2 to 7The material storage and loading device 3 shown includes a material box 301, and outer ear plates 302 are provided on the upper parts of the left and right side plates of the material box 301, and the material box 301 is fixed to the upper rear part of the frame 1 through the outer ear plate holes 314 of the outer ear plates 302; the front plate of the material box 301 has two slotted material transport channels 303 along the central symmetry plane, and a walnut size adjustment component is fixedly connected to the inner side of each slotted material transport channel 303 close to the central symmetry plane, and a dividing wedge block 309 is arranged between the two groups of walnut size adjustment components, and a material conveying device is arranged directly below the two slotted material transport channels 303; the dividing wedge block 309 is a triangular pyramid, the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is in contact with the rear plate of the material box 301, one side surface of the triangular pyramid is in contact with the front plate of the material box 301, and the other two sides are symmetrical. The walnut size adjustment assembly includes an adjustment member, an adjustment bolt 305 and a spring 304. The adjustment member includes a fixed plate 306, a paddle 307 and a fixed plate 308. The adjustment bolt 305 passes through a front end fixed plate hole 312 of the fixed plate 306, a spring 304 and a front end paddle hole 313 of the paddle 307. The ends of the fixed plate 306 and the paddle 307 are both connected to the fixed plate 308; the end of the fixed plate 308 is inclined toward the central symmetry plane, that is, the fixed plates 308 of the two groups of walnut size adjustment assemblies are in an inverted "eight" structure.

[0052] The fixed piece 306 and the paddle 307 are both perpendicular to the front plate of the material box 301, the fixed piece 306 is fixed to the inner side of the slotted material transport channel 303, and the paddle 307 is fixed to the outer side of the fixed piece 306, the width of the fixed piece 306 is 60 to 80 mm, the width of the paddle 307 is 40 to 70 mm, and the width of the slotted material transport channel 303 is 60 to 80 mm. The distance between the fixed piece 306 and the paddle 307 can be adjusted by adjusting the depth of the thread of the nut in the bolt 305, thereby changing the actual material transport width of the slotted material transport channel 303, thereby adjusting the size of the walnuts to be transported.

[0053] Two vibration plate connecting rings 311 are fixedly connected at the left and right ends of the upper edge of the rear plate of the material box 301. The vibration plate 321 is hinged to the rear plate of the material box 301 through the thin short shaft 320 fixed to the left and right ends of the upper edge and passes through the vibration plate connecting ring 311 and moves in the inner cavity of the material box 301; the rear plate of the material box 301 is arranged with two square holes 310, and the two square holes 310 are symmetrically arranged along the central symmetry plane. Two vibration cams 316 symmetrically fixed to the camshaft 315 are slidably connected to the rear side of the vibration plate 321 through the square holes 310; the two ends of the camshaft 315 are respectively fixed to the middle crossbeam at the rear of the frame 1 through the camshaft vertical seats 319, and the cam motor 317 drives the camshaft 315 to rotate through the gear set 318 at the end of the camshaft 315; when the vibration plate 321 swings around the vibration plate connecting ring 311, the distance between the rear side of the vibration plate 321 and the inner side of the rear plate of the material box 301 does not exceed 30 mm; the initial rotation angles of the two vibration cams 316 are consistent.

[0054] The material conveying device includes two material conveying roller chain devices 333, a sprocket shaft 332, a main shaft 331 and a sprocket 334. The two material conveying roller chain devices 333 are arranged corresponding to the two slotted material conveying channels 303. Each material conveying roller chain device 333 includes a round roller 326, a material conveying chain 327, a small sprocket 323 and a large sprocket 335. The round roller 326 is fixedly connected to the outer chain plate of the material conveying chain 327, and the nut 322 is located in the groove between two adjacent round rollers 326; one end of the material conveying chain 327 is fixedly connected to the sprocket shaft 332 through the small sprocket 323, and the other end is fixedly connected to the main shaft 331 through the large sprocket 335. The small sprocket 323 and the large sprocket 335 are both meshed with the material conveying chain 327; the sprocket 334 is fixedly connected to the sprocket shaft The middle part of 332 is connected to the motor 324 fixed on the lower rear layer of the frame 1 through the chain 325, and the motor 324 drives the sprocket shaft 332 to rotate; the two ends of the sprocket shaft 332 are fixed to the lower rear beam of the frame 1 by the sprocket shaft vertical seat 328, and the two ends of the main shaft 331 are matched with bearings 330 and fixed to the front crossbeam at the upper end of the frame 1 by the main shaft vertical seat 329; the upper plane of the round roller 326 coincides with the upper plane of the slot material transport channel 303, and the angle between the material transport roller chain device 333 and the horizontal direction is 20°~40°.

[0055] The interior of the material box is a flat V-shaped structure (the bottom side section is W-shaped due to the presence of the material dividing wedge at the bottom). When not working, the vibration plate fits the right inner wall of the V-shaped material box (the vibration plate completely fits the shape of the right inner wall of the V-shaped material box), the walnut is located at the bottom of the V, and the material transport chain is adapted to the material transport channel on the left side of the V.

[0056] 1. Working principle of the vibration plate: When working, the vibration plate swings slightly under the action of the vibration cam, which can lift the walnuts at the bottom to the conveyor chain on the left side of the V-shaped material box, so that the walnuts can be smoothly stuck between the round rollers (if the vibration plate is not added, it is difficult for the walnuts to move upward along the conveyor chain);

[0057] 2. Working principle of the walnut size adjustment component: In the walnut size adjustment component located on the inner side of the material transport channel, the opening size of the paddle and the fixed plate can be adjusted by the length of the screwed-in part of the bolt, and the width of the material transport channel is constant. The axial length of the roller is slightly smaller than the width of the material transport channel. When the opening of the paddle and the fixed plate increases, a part of the width direction of the material transport channel will be blocked (the effective width is reduced). The walnut is located between the rollers. When the effective width of the material transport channel is reduced, the size of the walnuts that can be transported upward through the channel will also become smaller, and vice versa.

[0058] like Figures 8 to 17The dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4 shown includes two fixed hammer disks 401 and a conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly 430 arranged between the two fixed hammer disks 401, one fixed hammer disk 401 is located on the outside of one material transport roller chain device 333, and the other fixed hammer disk 401 is located on the outside of another material transport roller chain device 333 and is concentric with the main shaft 331, and the conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly 430 is located between the two material transport roller chain devices 333 and is placed in the axial center of the main shaft and is concentric with the main shaft 331.

[0059] Each fixed hammer disk 401 includes a hole disk 405, a rib disk 406 and a fixed hammer rod 402. The hole disk 405 and the rib disk 406 are fixedly connected concentrically through the sleeve 407 on the rib disk 406. One end of the main shaft 332 passes through the sleeve 407 of one fixed hammer disk 401, and the other end passes through the sleeve 407 of another fixed hammer disk 401. Four sleeve bolt holes 408 are evenly distributed on the circumference of one side where the sleeve 407 is fixed to the rib disk 406. The sleeve 407 passes through the center disk hole 404 and is fixed to the main shaft 331 by a set screw 410. A number of hole disk fixing holes 403 are evenly distributed on the end surface of the hole disk 405. The fixed hammer rod 402 passes through the hole disk fixing hole 403 and rests on the rib disk 406. The end of the fixed hammer rod 402 away from the rib disk 406 is a fixed hammer rod ball concave surface 409 with a granular protrusion structure.

[0060] The conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly 430 includes an annular cover 412, a hollow shaft slip ring stator 417 and a slip ring rotor 418, and a plurality of groups of bidirectional electric push rods 420. The plurality of groups of bidirectional electric push rods 420 are evenly arranged on the slip ring rotor 418 along the symmetrical mid-plane of the slip ring rotor 418 and along the circumferential direction; the main shaft 331 passes through the hollow shaft slip ring stator 417, the hollow shaft slip ring stator 417 passes through the slip ring rotor 418, the annular cover 412 completely wraps the outer circumference of the slip ring rotor 418, and The annular cover 412, the hollow shaft slip ring stator 417, the slip ring rotor 418 and the main shaft 331 are concentric; the fastening screws 423 pass through the annular cover holes 419 on the outer circumference of the annular cover 412 and the rotor bolt holes 425 on the circumference of the slip ring rotor 418 at both ends to fix the annular cover 412 and the slip ring rotor 418; anti-rotation plates 426 are provided at both ends of the hollow shaft slip ring stator 417, and the hollow shaft slip ring stator 417 is fixed to the middle cross beam at the front of the frame 1 through the anti-rotation plate holes 427 at the lower end of the anti-rotation plate 426.

[0061] Both ends of the hollow shaft slip ring stator 417 are supported on the main shaft 331 through stator bearings 416 and rotate relative to the main shaft 331. The gasket 415 and the end cover 414 are concentric with the stator bearing 416. The stator bearing 416 is axially positioned by the shaft shoulder 336. Four stator bolt holes 428 are respectively provided on the two end surfaces of the hollow shaft slip ring stator 417. The end cover 414 is fixed to the hollow shaft slip ring stator 417 by connecting screws 413.

[0062] A plurality of rotor fixing holes 424 are arranged along the circumferential direction on both end surfaces of the slip ring rotor 418, and the number of the rotor fixing holes 424 is the same as the number of the bidirectional electric push rods 420 and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence (a total of 8 to 32 groups of bidirectional electric push rods 420 are provided); one end of the electric push rod 411 of the bidirectional electric push rod 420 passes through the rotor fixing hole 424 on one end surface of the slip ring rotor 418 until the flange surface 421 at one axial end of the bidirectional electric push rod 420 is fixedly connected to one end surface of the slip ring rotor 418 through the flange hole surface 422, and the other end of the electric push rod 411 passes through the rotor fixing hole 424 on the other end surface of the slip ring rotor 418 until the flange surface 421 at the other axial end of the bidirectional electric push rod 420 is fixedly connected to the other end surface of the slip ring rotor 418 through the flange hole surface 422, and both end surfaces of the electric push rod 411 are electric push rod ball concave surfaces 429 with granular protrusion structures.

[0063] The number of fixed hammer rods 402 on each fixed hammer disc 401 is the same as the number of bidirectional electric push rods 420 and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The fixed hammer rod 402 is coaxial with the electric push rod 411, and the depth between the fixed hammer rod ball concave surface 409 and the electric push rod ball concave surface 429 is 5 to 15 mm.

[0064] The fixed hammer discs are located on both sides of the shell breaking device, the conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly is located in the middle of the shell breaking device, and the fixed hammer disc is fixedly connected to the main shaft and rotates with the main shaft;

[0065] 1. Working principle of the conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly: the main shaft rotates and the hollow shaft slip ring stator sleeved on it is fixed to the frame, the slip ring rotor rotates, and a number of bidirectional electric push rods are arranged around the outer periphery of the slip ring rotor. The hollow shaft slip ring stator is connected with an electric wire (not marked in the figure), and a number of electric wires are extended from the outer periphery of the slip ring rotor and connected to the bidirectional electric push rods (not marked in the figure). Due to the conductive characteristics of the conductive slip ring, the stator can be fixed while the rotor rotates and independent electric steam control can be achieved for each bidirectional electric push rod at the same time; the fixed hammer rod of the fixed hammer plate does not perform telescopic movement. When the walnut forms an annular envelope on the large sprocket through the material conveying chain, the bidirectional electric push rod completes the telescopic movement of the electric push rod at a specific moment; among them, the telescopic stroke and initial position of the electric push rod have two modes:

[0066] a. Set it to a fixed value according to the size of the walnut after adjustment by the walnut size adjustment component; b. Make dynamic adjustments by using the dynamic perception characteristics of the electric push rod to the force: detect the size of the force applied during dynamic extrusion through the force sensing module installed in the two-way electric push rod, and then judge the clamping and extrusion stage progress of the walnut. Since the size of the force required for the walnut to be squeezed and cracked meets the statistical law, it can be set to a certain threshold. When the size of the force applied by the electric push rod during the extrusion process reaches the threshold, it can be considered that the walnut has been squeezed and shelled. In this way, the extrusion stroke of the electric push rod during walnut squeezing can be automatically adjusted to avoid excessive squeezing or incomplete shelling during fixed gap squeezing due to the inevitable size differences of the walnuts after size sorting and the fact that the walnuts cannot be completely consistent in lying position during squeezing.

[0067] In the above, the running linear speed of the material conveying chain is provided by the motor 324, and the rotation linear speed of the electric push rod in the bidirectional electric push rod is provided by the slip ring rotor 418. The linear speeds of the two are kept consistent under the control of the control box to ensure the continuity of the shell breaking operation.

[0068] like Figures 18-19 The jet cleaning device 2 shown includes two brackets 201, a pipe g1, two groups of serpentine pipes 206 and an inclined pipe g2. The two brackets 201 are fixed to the left-right symmetrical crossbeams at the front of the upper end of the frame 1 through the bracket holes 209 at the bottom and are located at the front end of the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4; one end of the pipe g1 passes through a three-way joint 203 and a circular through hole 202 of the bracket 201 in turn and is fixed to the bracket 201 through the bracket screw, and the other end of the pipe g1 passes through another three-way joint in turn. 204 and the circular through hole 202 of another bracket 201 are fixedly connected to the bracket 201 through the bracket screw; the upper end of one group of serpentine tubes 206 is connected to the three-way joint 203 through the joint 204, and the upper end of another group of serpentine tubes 206 is connected to the three-way joint 203 through the joint 204, and the lower ends of the two groups of serpentine tubes 206 are connected to the air nozzle 205; the top of the inclined pipeline g2 is connected and fixed to the pipeline g1, and the bottom end is connected to the air source 208 fixed to the inner side of the middle part of the left end of the frame through the air source hole 207. The parameters of the air nozzle 205 are adjustable, and the air jet action direction can be freely adjusted as the shape of the serpentine tube 206 changes; the pipeline g1 is parallel to the axis of the main shaft 331 and maintains a distance of 20 to 40 mm from the front end of the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4.

[0069] like Figures 20-21The material receiving assembly 5 shown includes a guide plate 501, which is located at the lower front end of the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4. The left and right sides of the guide plate 501 are fixed to the middle crossbeam on the inner front side of the frame 1 through the guide plate hole 503. The material guide inlet 505 covers the front end part of the dual-channel electric shell breaking device 4. The material receiving hopper 502 is a square box with a single-sided opening, which is placed directly below the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device 4, and the discharge port 504 is directly opposite to the middle of the front end of the opening of the material receiving hopper 502.

[0070] The working process of the above-mentioned dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine is as follows: after the walnuts are loaded into the material box 301, the cam motor 317 drives the cam shaft 315 passing through the square hole 310 to rotate through the gear set 318, so that the vibration cam 316 drives the vibration plate 321 to rotate around the thin short shaft 320 and swing slightly inside the material box 301, so that the walnuts always keep in motion in the material box 301 and are smoothly stuck in the groove between the round rollers 326; the dividing wedge block 309 in the material box divides the bottom of the material box into a "W" shape, so that the walnuts can smoothly fall into the material conveying roller chains 326 on both sides of the material box. The walnuts are transported to the dual-channel electric extrusion shelling device 4 after the walnut size adjustment component is transported to the walnut size adjustment component 33 to unify the size of the walnuts. The coaxial fixed hammer rod 402 and the electric push rod 411 complete the telescopic action at a specific station. The walnuts complete a cycle through the clamping, locking, extrusion and unloading processes. At the unloading station, the unloading port jet cleaning device 2 jets to clean the debris splashed on the machine movement structure and embedded in the extrusion components after the shell is broken, and sprays air at the broken mouth of the walnut after extrusion and crushing, so as to accelerate the separation of the shell and the kernel after the walnut is squeezed.

[0071] After the shells are broken, the shell kernels are collected in the receiving hopper 502 through the guide plate 501 .

[0072] The above-mentioned walnut size adjustment component is combined with the force sensing function provided in the bidirectional electric push rod 420. The force exerted on the electric push rod 411 when in contact with the walnut is used to determine whether the walnut is clamped and automatically control the extrusion stroke. This can solve the problems of excessive extrusion and insufficient shell breaking caused by the different sizes of walnuts during fixed gap extrusion and shell breaking.

[0073] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine, characterized by: The invention comprises a frame (1), an air jet cleaning device (2), a material storage and loading device (3), a dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device (4), a material receiving assembly (5) and a shell breaking machine cover (6); the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device (4) is arranged at the front of the upper end of the frame, the material storage and loading device (3) is arranged inside the rear end of the frame (1) and is located behind the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device (4), the air jet cleaning device (2) is arranged at the upper end of the frame (1) and is located in front of the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device (4), the material receiving assembly (5) is arranged inside the front end of the frame (1) and is located directly below the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device (4), and the shell breaking machine cover (6) is arranged at the front of the upper end of the frame (1) and is hinged to the middle of the frame (1) through a hinge.

2. According to claim 1, the dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine is characterized in that: The material storage and loading device (3) comprises a material box (301), the front plate of the material box (301) has two slotted material transport channels (303) along the central symmetry plane, a walnut size adjustment component is fixedly connected to the inner side of each slotted material transport channel (303) close to the central symmetry plane, a material dividing wedge (309) is arranged between the two groups of walnut size adjustment components, and a material transporting device is arranged directly below the two slotted material transport channels (303); the walnut size adjustment component comprises an adjustment member, The adjusting bolt (305) and the spring (304) are provided, and the adjusting member comprises a fixed plate (306), a paddle (307) and a fixed plate (308). The adjusting bolt (305) passes through a front fixed plate hole (312) of the fixed plate (306), a front paddle hole (313) of the spring (304) and the paddle (307). The ends of the fixed plate (306) and the paddle (307) are connected to the fixed plate (308), and the end of the fixed plate (308) is inclined toward the central symmetry plane.

3. The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The material conveying device comprises two material conveying roller chain devices (333), a sprocket shaft (332), a main shaft (331) and a sprocket (334); the two material conveying roller chain devices (333) are arranged corresponding to the two slotted material conveying channels (303); each material conveying roller chain device (333) comprises a round roller (326), a material conveying chain (327), a small sprocket (323) and a large sprocket (335); the round roller (326) is fixedly connected to the outer chain plate of the material conveying chain (327); one end of the material conveying chain (327) is fixedly connected to the sprocket shaft (332) through the small sprocket (323); The other end is fixedly connected to the main shaft (331) through a large sprocket (335), and the small sprocket (323) and the large sprocket (335) are both meshed with the material transport chain (327); the sprocket (334) is fixedly connected to the middle of the sprocket shaft (332) and is connected to the motor (324) fixed to the lower layer of the rear part of the frame (1) through the chain (325); the two ends of the sprocket shaft (332) are fixedly connected to the lower layer cross beam of the rear part of the frame (1) by a sprocket shaft vertical seat (328), and the two ends of the main shaft (331) are fixed to the front cross beam of the upper end of the frame (1) by a main shaft vertical seat (329) in cooperation with bearings (330).

4. The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Two vibration plate connecting rings (311) are fixedly connected at the left and right ends of the upper edge of the rear plate of the material box (301); the vibration plate (321) is hinged to the rear plate of the material box (301) through a thin short shaft (320) fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the upper edge and passes through the vibration plate connecting ring (311) and moves in the inner cavity of the material box (301); the rear plate of the material box (301) is arranged with two square holes (310), the two square holes (310) are symmetrically arranged along the central symmetry plane, and two vibration cams (316) symmetrically fixed to the camshaft (315) are slidably connected to the rear side surface of the vibration plate (321) through the square holes (310); the two ends of the camshaft (315) are respectively fixedly connected to the middle crossbeam at the rear of the frame (1) through the camshaft vertical seats (319); the cam motor (317) drives the camshaft (315) to rotate through the gear set (318) at the end of the camshaft (315).

5. The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The material dividing wedge (309) is a triangular pyramid, the bottom surface of which is in contact with the rear plate of the material box (301), one side surface of which is in contact with the front plate of the material box (301), and the other two side surfaces are symmetrical.

6. The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The upper plane of the round roller (326) coincides with the upper plane of the slotted material transport channel (303), and the material transport roller chain device (333) has an angle of 20° to 40° with the horizontal direction.

7. The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device (4) comprises two fixed hammer discs (401) and a conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly (430) arranged between the two fixed hammer discs (401), one fixed hammer disc (401) is located on the outside of one material conveying roller chain device (333), the other fixed hammer disc (401) is located on the outside of another material conveying roller chain device (333) and is concentric with the main shaft (331), and the conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly (430) is located between the two material conveying roller chain devices (333) and is placed in the axial middle of the main shaft and is concentric with the main shaft (331); Each fixed hammer disc (401) comprises a hole disc (405), a rib disc (406) and a fixed hammer rod (402); the hole disc (405) and the rib disc (406) are coaxially fixedly connected via a shaft sleeve (407) on the rib disc (406); one end of the main shaft (332) passes through the shaft sleeve (407) of one fixed hammer disc (401), and the other end passes through the shaft sleeve (407) of another fixed hammer disc (401); on the circumferential surface of one side where the shaft sleeve (407) is fixedly connected to the rib disc (406), Four shaft sleeve bolt holes (408) are evenly distributed, and the shaft sleeve (407) passes through the central plate hole (404) and is fixed to the main shaft (331) by means of a set screw (410); a plurality of hole plate fixing holes (403) are evenly distributed on the end surface of the hole plate (405), and a fixed hammer rod (402) passes through the hole plate fixing holes (403) and abuts against the rib plate (406), and the end of the fixed hammer rod (402) away from the rib plate (406) is a fixed hammer rod ball concave surface (409) with a granular protrusion structure.

8. The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The conductive slip ring-bidirectional electric push rod assembly (430) comprises an annular cover (412), a hollow shaft slip ring stator (417) and a slip ring rotor (418), and a plurality of groups of bidirectional electric push rods (420), wherein the plurality of groups of bidirectional electric push rods (420) are evenly arranged on the slip ring rotor (418) along the symmetrical midplane of the slip ring rotor (418) and along the circumferential direction; the main shaft (331) passes through the hollow shaft slip ring stator (417), the hollow shaft slip ring stator (417) passes through the slip ring rotor (418), the annular cover (412) completely wraps around the outer periphery of the slip ring rotor (418), and the annular cover (412) is formed on the slip ring rotor (418). The cover (412), the hollow shaft slip ring stator (417), the slip ring rotor (418) and the main shaft (331) are concentric; the fastening screws (423) pass through the annular cover hole (419) on the outer circumference of the annular cover (412) and the rotor bolt holes (425) on the circumference of the slip ring rotor (418) at both ends to fix the annular cover (412) and the slip ring rotor (418); the two ends of the hollow shaft slip ring stator (417) are provided with a stop plate (426), and the hollow shaft slip ring stator (417) is fixed to the middle cross beam at the front of the frame (1) through the stop plate hole (427) at the lower end of the stop plate (426).

9. The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of rotor fixing holes (424) are arranged along the circumferential direction on both end surfaces of the slip ring rotor (418); the number of the rotor fixing holes (424) is the same as the number of the bidirectional electric push rods (420) and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; one end of the electric push rod (411) of the bidirectional electric push rod (420) passes through the rotor fixing hole (424) on one end surface of the slip ring rotor (418) until the flange surface (421) at one axial end of the bidirectional electric push rod (420) is fixed to the slip ring rotor through the flange hole (422). On one end face of the rotor (418), the other end of the electric push rod (411) passes through the rotor fixing hole (424) on the other end face of the slip ring rotor (418) until the flange surface (421) at the other axial end of the bidirectional electric push rod (420) is fixed to the other end face of the slip ring rotor (418) through the flange hole (422), and both end faces of the electric push rod (411) are electric push rod ball concave surfaces (429) with granular protrusion structures; the fixed hammer rod (402) is coaxial with the electric push rod (411).

10. The dual-channel multi-station universal walnut shelling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The jet cleaning device (2) comprises two brackets (201), a pipeline (g1), two groups of serpentine pipes (206) and an inclined pipeline (g2); the two brackets (201) are fixedly connected to a left-right symmetrical crossbeam at the front of the upper end of the frame (1) through bracket holes (209) at the bottom and are located at the front end of the dual-channel electric extrusion shell breaking device (4); one end of the pipeline (g1) passes through a three-way joint (203) and a circular through hole (202) of a bracket (201) in sequence and is fixedly connected to the bracket (201) through a bracket screw; the other end of the pipeline (g1) passes through another three-way joint (204) and another bracket in sequence. The annular through hole (202) of (201) is fixedly connected to the bracket (201) through the bracket screw, and the pipeline (g1) is parallel to the axis of the main shaft (331); the upper end of one group of serpentine pipes (206) is connected to the three-way joint (203) through the joint (204), and the upper end of another group of serpentine pipes (206) is connected to the three-way joint (203) through the joint (204), and the lower ends of the two groups of serpentine pipes (206) are connected to the air nozzle (205); the top end of the inclined pipeline (g2) is connected and fixedly connected to the pipeline (g1), and the bottom end is connected to the air source (208) fixed to the inner side of the middle part of the left end of the frame through the air source hole (207).

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