Silicon bronze alloy product and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon bronze alloy product and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of silicon bronze alloy products. Comprising the following steps that raw materials including 3.0%-3.5% of Si, 1.0%-1.5% of Mn, smaller than or equal to 0.1% of Fe, smaller than or equal to 0.05% of Ni, smaller than or equal to 0.02% of Zn, smaller than or equal to 0.02% of Pb and the balance Cu are mixed, and a mixture is obtained; casting the mixture to obtain a cast ingot; the cast ingot is subjected to high-temperature annealing at the temperature of 700-750 DEG C, and a blank is obtained; performing thermal deformation treatment and cold deformation treatment on the blank, and performing low-temperature annealing at 250-300 DEG C to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product; the microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product comprises a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, and the second phase comprises a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase. The silicon bronze alloy with high strength, high elasticity, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance and good processability can be produced by strictly regulating and controlling the ratio of the materials and optimizing the preparation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of silicon bronze alloy products, and in particular to a silicon bronze alloy product and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional copper alloys often have insufficient performance in specific application environments, such as high corrosion, high temperature, and high pressure environments. For example, although tin bronze has good corrosion resistance, its mechanical properties are limited; and beryllium bronze has a high cost. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a copper alloy with excellent comprehensive performance and moderate cost. As a new type of alloy, QSi3-1 silicon bronze has overcome many shortcomings of traditional alloys through alloying design and has broad application prospects. With its excellent mechanical properties, processing properties, corrosion resistance, and electrical conductivity, it has been widely used in many fields such as mechanical manufacturing, electrical and electronics, communications, and marine engineering. With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the rapid development of industry, its application areas will continue to expand and deepen. However, the existing QSi3-1 silicon bronze production process often requires intermediate annealing and solution aging treatment to improve the strength and performance of the QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy, resulting in a long manufacturing cycle and low efficiency. In addition, Cr, Co and rare earth elements are often added to the QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy during composition design to refine the grains and improve the alloy performance. However, this will result in a high price for the QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy. In addition, most of the existing QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy finished products are designed for rods, such as rods with φ greater than 12 mm, rods with φ3-φ8.6, etc., which are not very suitable for other alloy products. Based on this, the present application proposes a silicon bronze alloy product and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to provide a silicon bronze alloy product and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of the existing QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy production process with long manufacturing cycle and high production cost.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present application proposes a method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product, comprising the following steps:

[0005] The raw materials are mixed in a ratio of Si content of 3.0%-3.5%, Mn content of 1.0%-1.5%, Fe content of ≤0.1%, Ni content of ≤0.05%, Zn content of ≤0.02%, Pb content of ≤0.02% and Cu as the balance to obtain a mixture;

[0006] Melting and casting the mixture to obtain an ingot;

[0007] The ingot is subjected to high temperature annealing at 700° C.-750° C. to obtain a billet;

[0008] The blank is subjected to a thermal deformation treatment to obtain a thermally deformed alloy;

[0009] The hot-deformed alloy is subjected to cold deformation treatment to obtain a cold-deformed alloy;

[0010] The cold-deformed alloy is subjected to low temperature annealing at 250° C. to 300° C. to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product;

[0011] The microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product includes a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, wherein the second phase includes a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase.

[0012] Optionally, the step of melting and casting the mixture comprises:

[0013] Add the mixture into a vacuum induction furnace, evacuate to a vacuum degree of ≤20Pa, start heating and increase the temperature, increase the power to 55KW-65KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 115KW-125KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 145KW-155KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 175KW-185KW, after the mixture is melted, refine for 7min-13min, then reduce the power to 45KW-55KW and maintain for 0.5min-1.5min before casting.

[0014] Optionally, in the step of casting, the initial casting speed is 0.15m 3 / h-0.20m 3 / h, after casting for 25s-30s, increase the casting speed to 0.35m 3 / h-0.40m 3 / h, after casting for 4.5min-5.5min, reduce the casting speed to 0.15m 3 / h-0.20m 3 / h, casting 1min-2min.

[0015] Optionally, in the step of performing high temperature annealing, the time of high temperature annealing is 2h-4h.

[0016] Optionally, the step of subjecting the blank to thermal deformation treatment comprises:

[0017] After the billet is heated to 710° C.-730° C., hot extrusion is performed, the hot extrusion temperature is 690° C.-710° C., the extrusion ratio is ≤20, and the billet is directly water-cooled after hot extrusion.

[0018] Optionally, the step of subjecting the blank to thermal deformation treatment comprises:

[0019] After the billet is heated to 710° C.-730° C., hot rolling is performed, and the final rolling temperature is controlled to be above 650° C., and the number of hot rolling passes is 3-8 times.

[0020] Optionally, the step of cold deforming the hot deformed alloy comprises:

[0021] The hot deformed alloy is cold drawn, and the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold drawing is controlled to be ≤40%.

[0022] Optionally, the step of cold deforming the hot deformed alloy comprises:

[0023] The hot deformed alloy is subjected to multiple cold rolling processes, and the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold rolling is controlled to be ≤40%.

[0024] Optionally, in the step of performing low-temperature annealing, the time of low-temperature annealing is 4h-5h.

[0025] The present application also proposes a silicon bronze alloy product obtained by using the preparation method of the silicon bronze alloy product.

[0026] This application includes at least the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present application first designs the composition of QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy, using silicon, manganese, iron, nickel, zinc, lead and copper as alloy components. The addition of Si element can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy, making it have a longer service life under friction and wear environment. The appropriate addition of Mn has a solid solution strengthening effect and can improve corrosion resistance. It can also deoxidize during smelting, which is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and processing properties of silicon bronze. Si and Mn can form Mn2Si. Since QSi3-1 alloy drawn bars are prone to self-cracking during storage, it is mainly caused by the superposition of phase change stress and deformation stress generated by the precipitation of Mn2Si phase. The higher the Si content of the alloy, the more Mn2Si phase is precipitated, and the greater the tendency of self-cracking. Therefore, the present application controls the Si content to 3. 0%-3.5%, and the self-cracking phenomenon can be eliminated by low-temperature annealing of the alloy, and the silicon bronze containing Ni has good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Ni and Si can form a compound Ni2Si, which strengthens the alloy. However, when the Ni / Si ratio in the alloy is very small, although it has high strength and hardness, its electrical conductivity and plasticity will be reduced, which is not conducive to pressure processing. Therefore, the Ni content is controlled to be ≤0.05% in this application, and Fe and Si can form Fe3Si, which can improve the strength of silicon bronze. Zn can be more solid-dissolved in the α phase of the Cu-Si alloy, improve the strength and hardness of the alloy, narrow the solidification temperature range of the alloy, improve the fluidity of the alloy, and improve its casting performance. An appropriate amount of Pb can improve the wear resistance and machinability of the alloy, but excessive amount will cause thermal cracking of the alloy. The present invention strictly controls the content of alloying elements, and then alloys the metal through melting and casting to obtain an ingot with dense structure and uniform composition. Then, the high-temperature annealing temperature is controlled to promote the formation of Ni2Si, Mn2Si and Fe3Si second phase particles and completely dissolve them in the alloy matrix, so that the solid metal atoms diffuse, thereby eliminating the inhomogeneity of the cast composition and structure, maintaining the stability of the alloy composition, thereby improving the plasticity of the material, and then undergoing hot deformation and cold deformation to process it into the shape and size of the desired finished product, and finally undergoing low-temperature annealing to eliminate residual stress and phase The stress is changed, the self-cracking phenomenon that is easy to occur in QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy is reduced, the organization becomes more uniform and the performance becomes more stable, and the microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product finally obtained forms a copper matrix and the second phase Ni2Si phase, Mn2Si phase and Fe3Si phase distributed on the copper matrix. The Ni2Si phase and Fe3Si phase can be used as strengthening phases. The Ni2Si phase has a strong strengthening effect and can improve the corrosion resistance and conductivity of the alloy at the same time. The Fe3Si phase can reduce the self-cracking phenomenon of silicon bronze and improve the strength of silicon bronze.Therefore, the present application does not need to add Cr, Co and rare earth elements during composition design, nor does it need to undergo intermediate annealing and solution aging treatment. Instead, by strictly controlling the material ratio and combining high temperature annealing and low temperature annealing steps, a silicon bronze alloy with high strength, high elasticity, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and good processing performance can be produced, which shortens the manufacturing cycle, improves production efficiency, saves production costs, and the finished product is not limited to bars, but can be processed into various shapes and sizes, with excellent processing performance and welding performance, which is convenient for manufacturing parts with complex structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A metallographic image of a cross section of a silicon bronze alloy product according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a metallographic image of a longitudinal section of a silicon bronze alloy product according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0035] The raw materials are mixed in a ratio of Si content of 3.0%-3.5%, Mn content of 1.0%-1.5%, Fe content of ≤0.1%, Ni content of ≤0.05%, Zn content of ≤0.02%, Pb content of ≤0.02% and Cu as the balance to obtain a mixture;

[0036] Melting and casting the mixture to obtain an ingot;

[0037] The ingot is subjected to high temperature annealing at 700° C.-750° C. to obtain a billet;

[0038] The blank is subjected to a thermal deformation treatment to obtain a thermally deformed alloy;

[0039] The hot-deformed alloy is subjected to cold deformation treatment to obtain a cold-deformed alloy;

[0040] The cold-deformed alloy is subjected to low temperature annealing at 250° C. to 300° C. to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product;

[0041] The microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product includes a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, wherein the second phase includes a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase.

[0042] The present application first designs the composition of the QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy, using silicon, manganese, iron, nickel, zinc, lead and copper as alloy components, without adding Cr, Co and rare earth elements. The addition of Si element can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy, so that it has a longer service life in friction and wear environments. The appropriate addition of Mn has a solid solution strengthening effect and can improve corrosion resistance. It can also deoxidize during smelting, which is beneficial to improving the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and processing properties of silicon bronze. Si and Mn can form Mn2Si. Since QSi3-1 alloy drawn bars are prone to self-cracking during storage, it is mainly caused by the superposition of phase change stress and deformation stress generated by the precipitation of Mn2Si phase. The higher the Si content of the alloy, the more Mn2Si phases are precipitated, and the greater the tendency of self-cracking. Therefore, the present application adds Si The content is controlled between 3.0% and 3.5%, and the self-cracking phenomenon can be eliminated by low-temperature annealing of the alloy. The silicon bronze containing Ni has good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Ni and Si can form a compound Ni2Si, which strengthens the alloy. However, when the Ni / Si ratio in the alloy is very small, although it has high strength and hardness, its electrical conductivity and plasticity will be reduced, which is not conducive to pressure processing. Therefore, the application controls the Ni content to ≤0.05%, and Fe and Si can form Fe3Si, which can improve the strength of silicon bronze. Zn can be more solid-dissolved in the α phase of the Cu-Si alloy, improve the strength and hardness of the alloy, narrow the solidification temperature range of the alloy, improve the fluidity of the alloy, and improve its casting performance. An appropriate amount of Pb can improve the wear resistance and machinability of the alloy, but an excessive amount will cause thermal cracking of the alloy. The present invention strictly controls the content of alloying elements, and then alloys the metal through melting and casting to obtain an ingot with dense structure and uniform composition. Then, the high-temperature annealing temperature is controlled to promote the formation of Ni2Si, Mn2Si and Fe3Si second phase particles and completely dissolve them in the alloy matrix, so that the solid metal atoms diffuse, thereby eliminating the inhomogeneity of the cast composition and structure, maintaining the stability of the alloy composition, thereby improving the plasticity of the material, and then undergoing hot deformation and cold deformation to process it into the shape and size of the desired finished product, and finally undergoing low-temperature annealing to eliminate residual stress and phase The stress is changed, the self-cracking phenomenon that is easy to occur in QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy is reduced, the organization becomes more uniform and the performance becomes more stable, and the microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product finally obtained forms a copper matrix and the second phase Ni2Si phase, Mn2Si phase and Fe3Si phase distributed on the copper matrix. The Ni2Si phase and Fe3Si phase can be used as strengthening phases. The Ni2Si phase has a strong strengthening effect and can improve the corrosion resistance and conductivity of the alloy at the same time. The Fe3Si phase can reduce the self-cracking phenomenon of silicon bronze and improve the strength of silicon bronze.

[0043] In the specific implementation process, the present application uses industrial silicon blocks with a purity of 99.99%, electrolytic manganese sheets, iron blocks, electrolytic nickel plates, zinc sheets, lead blocks and electrolytic copper plates as raw materials for proportioning, so that the total impurities of the QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy are ≤0.5%, thereby ensuring the stability of the alloy composition.

[0044] As an implementation method of the present application, the step of melting and casting the mixture includes:

[0045] Add the mixture into a vacuum induction furnace, evacuate to a vacuum degree of ≤20Pa, start heating and increase the temperature, increase the power to 55KW-65KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 115KW-125KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 145KW-155KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 175KW-185KW, after the mixture is melted, refine for 7min-13min, then reduce the power to 45KW-55KW and maintain for 0.5min-1.5min before casting.

[0046] Specifically, the present application adopts intermittent heating to melt the mixture and strictly controls the melting temperature and time, which can ensure that the impurities in the alloy mixture are fully removed, effectively avoid or reduce the risk of inclusions, and maintain the stability of the alloy composition, thereby producing a QSi3-1 alloy ingot with dense structure, uniform material composition and low oxygen content, without macroscopic and microscopic defects such as Cu and Si enrichment.

[0047] As an implementation method of the present application, in the step of casting, the initial casting speed is 0.15m 3 / h-0.20m 3 / h, after casting for 25s-30s, increase the casting speed to 0.35m 3 / h-0.40m 3 / h, after casting for 4.5min-5.5min, reduce the casting speed to 0.15m 3 / h-0.20m 3 / h, casting 1min-2min.

[0048] Specifically, using a special steel mold during casting can effectively exhaust gas, and setting the casting speed and time in stages according to the solidification process of the molten metal is beneficial to the degassing and slag removal of the molten metal during the solidification process, thereby casting an ingot with dense structure, uniform composition, and no casting defects such as pores and slag inclusions, thereby ensuring the quality of the ingot.

[0049] As an implementation method of the present application, in the step of performing high temperature annealing, the time of high temperature annealing is 2h-4h.

[0050] Specifically, the present application can promote the complete dissolution of Ni2Si, Mn2Si and Fe3Si second phase particles in the copper matrix by performing high temperature annealing at 700℃-750℃ for 2h-4h, allowing the solid metal atoms to diffuse, thereby eliminating the inhomogeneity of the cast composition and organization, thereby achieving the effect of improving the plasticity of the alloy product.

[0051] As an implementation method of the present application, the step of subjecting the blank to thermal deformation treatment includes:

[0052] After the billet is heated to 710° C.-730° C., hot extrusion is performed, the hot extrusion temperature is 690° C.-710° C., the extrusion ratio is ≤20, and the billet is directly water-cooled after hot extrusion.

[0053] As an implementation method of the present application, the step of subjecting the blank to thermal deformation treatment includes:

[0054] After the billet is heated to 710° C.-730° C., hot rolling is performed, and the final rolling temperature is controlled to be above 650° C., and the number of hot rolling passes is 3-8 times.

[0055] Preferably, the hot rolling temperature is 720° C., which can ensure complete dynamic recrystallization of the metal components in the billet, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the alloy product.

[0056] As an implementation method of the present application, the step of cold deforming the hot deformed alloy includes:

[0057] The hot deformed alloy is cold drawn, and the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold drawing is controlled to be ≤40%.

[0058] Specifically, the silicon bronze alloy of the present application is easy to be processed into various shapes and sizes, and can be prepared into rods by cold drawing.

[0059] As an implementation method of the present application, the step of cold deforming the hot deformed alloy includes:

[0060] The hot deformed alloy is subjected to multiple cold rolling processes, and the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold rolling is controlled to be ≤40%.

[0061] Specifically, the silicon bronze alloy of the present application has good processing performance and can be processed into a strip of desired thickness by performing multiple cold rolling processes.

[0062] As an implementation method of the present application, in the step of performing low-temperature annealing, the time of low-temperature annealing is 4h-5h.

[0063] Specifically, the present application can further eliminate the phase transformation stress and deformation stress generated by the precipitation of the Mn2Si phase by performing low-temperature annealing at 250℃-300℃ for 4h-5h, thereby reducing the self-cracking phenomenon of the QSi3-1 alloy product and making the alloy's structure more uniform and its performance more stable.

[0064] The embodiments of the present application also provide a silicon bronze alloy product obtained by using the above-mentioned method for preparing the silicon bronze alloy product.

[0065] The above technical solution of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] A method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product comprises the following steps:

[0068] The raw materials are mixed in a ratio of 3.2% Si content, 1.2% Mn content, 0.05% Fe content, 0.03% Ni content, 0.01% Zn content, 0.01% Pb content and the balance of Cu to obtain a mixture;

[0069] The mixture is added into a vacuum induction furnace, and when the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of ≤20Pa, heating is started, the power is increased to 60KW, maintained for 10min, then increased to 120KW, maintained for 10min, then increased to 150KW, maintained for 10min, then increased to 180KW, after the mixture is melted, refined for 10min, then reduced to 50KW and maintained for 1.0min before casting, and the initial casting speed is 0.17m 3 / h, after 27s of casting, increase the casting speed to 0.37m 3 / h, after casting for 5.0min, reduce the casting speed to 0.17m 3 / h, casting for 1.5min to obtain an ingot;

[0070] The ingot is subjected to high temperature annealing at 725° C. for 3 hours to obtain a billet;

[0071] After heating the billet to 720° C., hot extrusion is performed at a temperature of 700° C. and an extrusion ratio of ≤20, followed by water cooling to obtain a hot-deformed alloy;

[0072] Performing cold drawing on the hot deformed alloy, and controlling the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold drawing to be ≤40%, to obtain the cold deformed alloy;

[0073] The cold-deformed alloy is subjected to low temperature annealing at 275° C. for 4.5 hours to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product;

[0074] The microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product includes a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, wherein the second phase includes a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] A method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product comprises the following steps:

[0077] The raw materials are mixed in a ratio of 3.0% Si, 1.0% Mn, 0.05% Fe, 0.02% Ni, 0.008% Zn, 0.01% Pb and the balance Cu to obtain a mixture;

[0078] The mixture is added into a vacuum induction furnace, and when the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of ≤20Pa, heating is started, the power is increased to 55KW, maintained for 13min, then increased to 115KW, maintained for 13min, then increased to 145KW, maintained for 13min, then increased to 175KW, after the mixture is melted, refined for 13min, then reduced to 45KW and maintained for 1.5min before casting, and the initial casting speed is 0.15m 3 / h, after casting for 30s, increase the casting speed to 0.35m 3 / h, after casting for 5.5min, reduce the casting speed to 0.15m 3 / h, casting for 2min to obtain an ingot;

[0079] The ingot is subjected to high temperature annealing at 700° C. for 4 hours to obtain a billet;

[0080] After heating the billet to 710° C., hot rolling is performed, and the final rolling temperature is controlled to be above 650° C. The number of hot rolling passes is 6, so as to obtain a hot-deformed alloy;

[0081] Performing multiple cold rolling processes on the hot-deformed alloy, and controlling the deformation amount of the hot-deformed alloy after cold rolling to be ≤40%, to obtain a cold-deformed alloy;

[0082] The cold-deformed alloy is subjected to low temperature annealing at 250° C. for 4 hours to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product;

[0083] The microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product includes a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, wherein the second phase includes a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] A method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product comprises the following steps:

[0086] The raw materials are mixed in a ratio of 3.5% Si content, 1.5% Mn content, 0.1% Fe content, 0.05% Ni content, 0.02% Zn content, 0.02% Pb content and the balance of Cu to obtain a mixture;

[0087] The mixture is added into a vacuum induction furnace, and when the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of ≤20Pa, heating is started, the power is increased to 65KW, maintained for 7min, then increased to 125KW, maintained for 7min, then increased to 155KW, maintained for 7min, then increased to 185KW, after the mixture is melted, refined for 7min, then reduced to 55KW and maintained for 0.5min before casting, and the initial casting speed is 0.2m 3 / h, after 25s of casting, increase the casting speed to 0.40m 3 / h, after 4.5min of casting, reduce the casting speed to 0.20m 3 / h, casting for 1min, to obtain an ingot;

[0088] The ingot is subjected to high temperature annealing at 750° C. for 2 hours to obtain a billet;

[0089] After heating the billet to 730° C., hot extrusion is performed at a temperature of 710° C. and an extrusion ratio of ≤20, followed by water cooling to obtain a hot-deformed alloy;

[0090] Performing cold drawing on the hot deformed alloy, and controlling the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold drawing to be ≤40%, to obtain the cold deformed alloy;

[0091] The cold-deformed alloy is subjected to low temperature annealing at 300° C. for 5 hours to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product;

[0092] The microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product includes a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, wherein the second phase includes a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] A method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product comprises the following steps:

[0095] The raw materials are mixed in a ratio of 3.3% Si, 1.3% Mn, 0.09% Fe, 0.04% Ni, 0.015% Zn, 0.015% Pb and the balance of Cu to obtain a mixture;

[0096] The mixture is added into a vacuum induction furnace, and when the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of ≤20Pa, heating is started, the power is increased to 58KW, maintained for 11min, then increased to 122KW, maintained for 11min, then increased to 142KW, maintained for 11min, then increased to 183KW, after the mixture is melted, refined for 11min, then reduced to 52KW and maintained for 1.2min before casting, and the initial casting speed is 0.18m 3 / h, after 28s of casting, increase the casting speed to 0.36m 3 / h, after 4.7min of casting, reduce the casting speed to 0.18m 3 / h, casting for 1.2min to obtain an ingot;

[0097] The ingot is subjected to high temperature annealing at 715° C. for 2.5 hours to obtain a billet;

[0098] After heating the billet to 715° C., hot rolling is performed, and the final rolling temperature is controlled to be above 650° C. The number of hot rolling passes is 7, so as to obtain a hot-deformed alloy;

[0099] Performing multiple cold rolling processes on the hot-deformed alloy, and controlling the deformation amount of the hot-deformed alloy after cold rolling to be ≤40%, to obtain a cold-deformed alloy;

[0100] The cold-deformed alloy is subjected to low temperature annealing at 280° C. for 4.2 hours to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product;

[0101] The microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product includes a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, wherein the second phase includes a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase.

[0102] Example 5

[0103] A method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product comprises the following steps:

[0104] The raw materials are mixed in a ratio of 3.4% Si content, 1.4% Mn content, 0.1% Fe content, 0.04% Ni content, 0.01% Zn content, 0.01% Pb content and the balance of Cu to obtain a mixture;

[0105] The mixture is added into a vacuum induction furnace, and when the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of ≤20Pa, heating is started, the power is increased to 62KW, maintained for 12min, then increased to 121KW, maintained for 12min, then increased to 144KW, maintained for 12min, then increased to 177KW, after the mixture is melted, refined for 12min, then reduced to 48KW and maintained for 0.9min before casting, and the initial casting speed is 0.17m3 / h, after 28s of casting, increase the casting speed to 0.37m 3 / h, after casting for 5.2min, reduce the casting speed to 0.16m 3 / h, casting for 1.4min to obtain an ingot;

[0106] The ingot is subjected to high temperature annealing at 745° C. for 2.8 hours to obtain a billet;

[0107] After heating the billet to 725° C., hot extrusion is performed at a temperature of 695° C. and an extrusion ratio of ≤20, followed by water cooling to obtain a hot-deformed alloy;

[0108] Performing cold drawing on the hot deformed alloy, and controlling the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold drawing to be ≤40%, to obtain the cold deformed alloy;

[0109] The cold-deformed alloy is subjected to low temperature annealing at 285° C. for 4.8 hours to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product;

[0110] The microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product includes a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, wherein the second phase includes a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase.

[0111] Experimental Example 1

[0112] The silicon bronze alloy product prepared in Example 1 was subjected to metallographic analysis using a 200 μm metallographic microscope, and the following results were obtained: Figure 2 The metallographic diagram of the cross section shown and Figure 3 Metallographic image of the longitudinal section shown.

[0113] Depend on Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the grain structure of the silicon bronze alloy product prepared in Example 1 is uniform and fine, without abnormal phases, indicating that although the present application has not undergone intermediate annealing and solution aging treatment, and Cr, Co and rare earth elements are not added to the composition, the effect of grain refinement is still achieved, the tendency of self-cracking of QSi3-1 silicon bronze alloy can be avoided, and the performance of the finished product can be made more uniform and stable.

[0114] Experimental Example 2

[0115] The properties of the silicon bronze alloy products prepared in Examples 1-5 of the present application were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0116] Table 1

[0117]

[0118] As can be seen from Table 1, the silicon bronze alloy product prepared by the embodiment of the present application can finally achieve the following properties: tensile strength Rm ≥ 700 MPa, yield strength Rp0.2 ≥ 550 MPa, elongation A ≥ 14%, hardness HB ≥ 190, and electrical conductivity at 20°C of 3.57MS / m-3.72MS / m (i.e., 6.1% IACS-6.5% IACS), indicating that the silicon bronze alloy product of the present application has high tensile strength and yield strength, can withstand large loads without plastic deformation or fracture, has high hardness, high mechanical properties, and stable electrical properties.

[0119] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present application, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The raw materials are mixed in a ratio of Si content of 3.0%-3.5%, Mn content of 1.0%-1.5%, Fe content of ≤0.1%, Ni content of ≤0.05%, Zn content of ≤0.02%, Pb content of ≤0.02% and Cu as the balance to obtain a mixture; Melting and casting the mixture to obtain an ingot; The ingot is subjected to high temperature annealing at 700° C.-750° C. to obtain a blank; The blank is subjected to a thermal deformation treatment to obtain a thermally deformed alloy; The hot-deformed alloy is subjected to cold deformation treatment to obtain a cold-deformed alloy; The cold-deformed alloy is subjected to low temperature annealing at 250° C. to 300° C. to obtain a silicon bronze alloy product; The microstructure of the silicon bronze alloy product includes a copper matrix and a second phase distributed on the copper matrix, wherein the second phase includes a Ni2Si phase, a Mn2Si phase and a Fe3Si phase.

2. The method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of melting and casting the mixture comprises: Add the mixture into a vacuum induction furnace, evacuate to a vacuum degree of ≤20Pa, start heating and increase the temperature, increase the power to 55KW-65KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 115KW-125KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 145KW-155KW, maintain for 7min-13min, then increase the power to 175KW-185KW, after the mixture is melted, refine for 7min-13min, then reduce the power to 45KW-55KW and maintain for 0.5min-1.5min before casting.

3. The method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step of casting, the initial casting speed is 0.15m 3 / h-0.20m 3 / h, after casting for 25s-30s, increase the casting speed to 0.35m 3 / h-0.40m 3 / h, after casting for 4.5min-5.5min, reduce the casting speed to 0.15m 3 / h-0.20m 3 / h, casting 1min-2min.

4. The method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of performing high temperature annealing, the time of high temperature annealing is 2h-4h.

5. The method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of subjecting the blank to thermal deformation treatment comprises: After the billet is heated to 710° C.-730° C., hot extrusion is performed, the hot extrusion temperature is 690° C.-710° C., the extrusion ratio is ≤20, and the billet is directly water-cooled after hot extrusion.

6. The method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of subjecting the blank to thermal deformation treatment comprises: After the billet is heated to 710° C.-730° C., hot rolling is performed, and the final rolling temperature is controlled to be above 650° C., and the number of hot rolling passes is 3-8 times.

7. The method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of cold deforming the hot deformed alloy comprises: The hot deformed alloy is cold drawn, and the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold drawing is controlled to be ≤40%.

8. The method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of cold deforming the hot deformed alloy comprises: The hot deformed alloy is subjected to multiple cold rolling processes, and the deformation amount of the hot deformed alloy after cold rolling is controlled to be ≤40%.

9. The method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy product according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of performing low temperature annealing, the time of low temperature annealing is 4h-5h.

10. A silicon bronze alloy product, characterized in that: The silicon bronze alloy product is obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

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