Method for killing ampullaria gigas by compounding tobacco waste and quick lime

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for killing pomacea canaliculata by compounding tobacco waste and quicklime, which comprises the following steps: S1, collecting the tobacco waste generated in the tobacco planting and processing process, drying in the sun, grinding to obtain tobacco waste powder, and mixing the tobacco waste powder with quicklime powder to obtain compound dry powder; s2, putting the compound dry powder into a rice field to kill pomacea canaliculata before transplanting rice seedlings. The method is simple and easy to implement and remarkable in effect, the labor cost and the material cost are effectively reduced, and meanwhile the purpose of recycling waste is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological prevention and control, and more specifically, to a method for killing golden apple snails by compounding tobacco waste with quicklime. Background Art

[0002] The golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck) is native to the Amazon River Basin in South America. It was introduced to Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province for breeding in 1981, and then promoted to many provinces and cities across the country. Due to its wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, high reproduction rate, and rich genetic diversity, it quickly established natural populations in various places and has now become a serious agricultural pest in most provinces and regions in the south. Among the current methods of controlling golden apple snails, chemical snailicides have become the first choice for most farmers, but their large-scale use has led to non-point source pollution of rice field ecosystems and agricultural product safety issues, and the golden apple snail has developed a certain degree of drug resistance.

[0003] Plant-derived snailicides are an environmentally friendly technology that uses active ingredients extracted from plants or plants to control pests and diseases. They have become a research hotspot for the prevention and control of golden apple snails due to their advantages of being more efficient, more economical, and safer. There are more than 40 alkaloids in tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum), of which the nicotine content is about 95% or more. Nicotine has strong systemic activity, gastric toxicity, and contact toxicity, and is a traditional plant-derived insecticide. my country is a major tobacco-growing country, with an average annual tobacco waste of up to 4 million tons. The existing technology for the use of tobacco waste includes placing tobacco waste generated in the cigarette production process into the field, with a release rate of 750 to 1560 kg per hectare. Although it can kill golden apple snails, the release rate is very large. The inventor has previously developed a method for reducing the damage of golden apple snails to rice by returning tobacco waste to the fields (ZL2022111163187), which has a good snail-killing effect, but the amount of release is also large, and the release method needs to be changed accordingly at different times of rice planting. The corresponding labor cost is high in actual practice, and the area of ​​golden apple snail damage prevention and control using waste is limited. Therefore, the present invention proposes a new method for killing golden apple snails based on tobacco waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for killing golden apple snails by compounding tobacco waste with quicklime, which is simple and easy to implement, has significant effects, effectively reduces labor costs and material costs, and at the same time achieves the purpose of waste resource recycling.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for killing golden apple snails by compounding tobacco waste with quicklime is as follows:

[0007] S1, collecting and drying tobacco waste generated during tobacco planting and processing, crushing to obtain tobacco waste powder, and mixing the tobacco waste powder with quicklime powder to obtain a composite dry powder;

[0008] S2. Before transplanting rice seedlings, put the compound dry powder into the rice field to kill the golden apple snails.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, in step S1, tobacco waste powder and quicklime powder are mixed according to a mass ratio of (1-4):1.

[0010] In one embodiment, in step S1, the tobacco waste is crushed and passed through a 10-40 mesh sieve to obtain tobacco waste powder.

[0011] In one embodiment, in step S2, the amount of compound dry powder added is 200-300 kg / hm2. 2 .

[0012] In one embodiment, in step S2, the compound dry powder is placed in the rice field within 1 to 5 days before transplanting the rice seedlings to avoid placing it too early and affecting the killing effect.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, in step S2, when the compound dry powder is added, the water in the rice field is kept static and not flowing.

[0014] In one embodiment, in step S2, the water depth in the rice field is maintained at 3-6 cm.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention effectively utilizes ineffective bottom leaves and top leaflets, optimizes the use of tobacco waste generated in the process of cigarette production, greatly reduces material costs, and avoids the spread of pests and diseases caused by directly returning the ineffective bottom leaves generated in the process of tobacco planting to the field. Instead, the ineffective bottom leaves are dried, crushed and stored, thereby avoiding inefficient utilization of tobacco waste and improving the snail-killing effect of tobacco waste. The amount of tobacco waste put in per hectare, which reaches 750-1560 kg, is converted into 200-300 kg of tobacco waste and quicklime per hectare, effectively reducing labor costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The effect of tobacco waste and quicklime on the survival of golden apple snails.

[0018] Among them, the shell heights of small snails, medium snails and large snails are 5mm≤H<15mm, 15mm≤H<25mm, and 25mm≤H<40mm respectively; T and Q represent tobacco and quicklime respectively, and the numbers before T and Q represent the mass ratio of the two. Except for the control group CK, the total mass concentration of each treatment is 0.5g / L.

[0019] Figure 2 The effect of low concentration of tobacco and quicklime on the survival of golden apple snails;

[0020] Among them, A and B represent tobacco leaves and tobacco stems mixed with quicklime, respectively. T and Q represent tobacco and quicklime, respectively. The numbers before T and Q represent the mass ratio of the two. Except for the control group CK, the total mass concentration of each treatment is 0.2 g / L. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] It is worth noting that the directional words such as "upper" and "lower" involved in this article are all relative to the viewing angle of the drawings and are only for the convenience of description and cannot be understood as limitations on the technical solution.

[0023] The present invention proposes a method for killing golden apple snails by compounding tobacco waste and quicklime. According to the characteristic that salt and alkali will be released after tobacco and lime are mixed, tobacco waste and quicklime are compounded to enhance the snail-controlling effect of tobacco. The specific method process is as follows:

[0024] S1, collecting and drying tobacco waste generated during tobacco planting and processing, crushing to obtain tobacco waste powder, and mixing the tobacco waste powder with quicklime powder to obtain a composite dry powder;

[0025] S2. Before transplanting rice seedlings, put the compound dry powder into the rice field to kill the golden apple snails.

[0026] The invention recycles tobacco waste and realizes high-value utilization of tobacco waste. The tobacco waste is mixed with quicklime. After the quicklime and water are added, calcium hydroxide is generated, and nicotine is further formed to kill the golden apple snails.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S1, the tobacco waste powder is mixed with quicklime powder in a mass ratio of (1-4):1.

[0028] The present invention mixes tobacco waste (T) and quicklime (Q) according to a mass ratio to obtain 4T1Q (i.e., the tobacco and quicklime content is 4:1, and so on), 2T1Q and 1T1Q, and mixes them into a 0.5 g / L solution, which can reduce the survival rate of adult snails (shell height ≥ 25 mm) with the greatest harm to 0, 20.0% and 3.3% respectively within 60 hours. Figure 2 As shown in the data, under the treatment of tobacco waste and quicklime, 0.2g / L of the compound solution can make it difficult for the golden apple snails to eat, and they avoid the invasion of both by closing their operculum. With the increase of quicklime content and treatment time, the proportion of snails closing their operculum continues to increase, even reaching 100%.

[0029] in addition, Figure 1 and 2 The cases of pure quicklime, 1T2Q and 1T4Q are also included. Although increasing the amount of quicklime can also improve the killing effect on golden apple snails to a certain extent, it increases the input cost, and excessive use of lime will cause imbalance of elements in the soil. In addition, the slightly acidic soil environment is conducive to the growth and development of rice seedlings, and a pH value exceeding 7 is not conducive to rice growth. Therefore, the present invention proposes the optimal ratio and dosage range of tobacco waste and quicklime, which solves the problem of excessive reliance on quicklime to control snails and insufficient utilization of tobacco waste in the prior art.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S1, the tobacco waste is crushed and passed through a 10-40 mesh sieve to obtain tobacco waste powder, which is convenient for mixing tobacco leaves with quicklime to separate tobacco leaves.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S2, the amount of compound dry powder added is 200-300 kg / hm2. 2 The present invention effectively reduces the amount of tobacco waste put in, converting the amount of tobacco waste put in per hectare of 750-1560 kg in the prior art into 200-300 kg of compound dry powder per hectare, effectively reducing labor costs.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S2, the compound dry powder is placed in the rice field within 1 to 5 days before transplanting the rice seedlings to avoid affecting the killing effect by placing it too early.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S2, when the compound dry powder is added, the water in the rice field is kept static and not flowing, and the water depth in the rice field is kept at 3 to 6 cm.

[0034] The present invention effectively utilizes ineffective bottom leaves and top leaflets, optimizes the use of tobacco waste generated in the process of cigarette production, greatly reduces material costs, and avoids the spread of pests and diseases caused by directly returning the ineffective bottom leaves generated in the process of tobacco planting to the field. Instead, the ineffective bottom leaves are dried, crushed and stored, thereby avoiding inefficient utilization of tobacco waste and improving the snail-killing effect of tobacco waste. The amount of tobacco waste put in per hectare, which reaches 750-1560 kg, is converted into 200-300 kg of tobacco waste and quicklime per hectare, effectively reducing labor costs.

[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for killing golden apple snails by mixing tobacco waste with quicklime, characterized in that: as follows: S1, collecting and drying tobacco waste generated during tobacco planting and processing, crushing to obtain tobacco waste powder, and mixing the tobacco waste powder with quicklime powder to obtain a composite dry powder; S2. Before transplanting rice seedlings, put the compound dry powder into the rice field to kill the golden apple snails.

2. The method for killing Pomacea canaliculata by compounding tobacco waste and quicklime as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, tobacco waste powder and quicklime powder are mixed at a mass ratio of (1-4):

1.

3. The method for killing Pomacea canaliculata by compounding tobacco waste and quicklime as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the tobacco waste is crushed and passed through a 10-40 mesh sieve to obtain tobacco waste powder.

4. The method for killing Pomacea canaliculata by compounding tobacco waste and quicklime as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the amount of compound dry powder added is 200-300 kg / hm2. 2 .

5. The method for killing Pomacea canaliculata by compounding tobacco waste with quicklime as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the compound dry powder is placed in the rice field within 1 to 5 days before transplanting the rice seedlings to avoid placing it too early and affecting the killing effect.

6. The method for killing Pomacea canaliculata by compounding tobacco waste with quicklime as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, when the compound dry powder is added, the water in the rice field is kept static and not flowing.

7. The method for killing Pomacea canaliculata by compounding tobacco waste with quicklime as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the water depth in the rice field is maintained at 3 to 6 cm.

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