Two-color gradient PVB (polyvinyl butyral) film and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, and discloses a double-color gradient PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral) film and a preparation method thereof. The double-color gradient PVB film comprises a first surface layer, a sound insulation layer and a second surface layer which are arranged in a stacked mode. In the first surface layer, one side of a breadth center line contains a wedge-shaped gradient layer; the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is close to the width center line of the first surface layer; the breadth of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is smaller than 1 / 2 of the total breadth of the double-color gradient PVB film; the thickness of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is smaller than or equal to the thickness of the first surface layer. According to the double-color gradient PVB film, the design of the pure color area and the gradient color area is formed on the appearance, the light transmittance of the pure color area reaches 25% or below, and the light transmittance of the dark color part of the gradient color area reaches 5% or below; the sound insulation layer is arranged between the first surface layer and the second surface layer, so that the PVB film has sound insulation performance; and the PVB film also has good flexibility and stretch resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and in particular to a two-color gradient PVB film and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the current market environment, people generally pursue the exterior design and technological sense of cars. Glass roofs, especially panoramic skylights, can make vehicles look more fashionable and futuristic, which is more in line with current consumers' expectations for the high-tech and innovative image of new energy. Since new energy vehicles need to place batteries at the bottom, the interior space layout is subject to certain restrictions, and expanding the space upward has become a way to optimize the interior space. Compared with traditional roofs (steel plates plus fabric roofs), glass roofs are thinner and can effectively increase the headroom in the car without increasing the height of the car body, making passengers feel more spacious and comfortable when riding.

[0003] In addition, the glass roof can also provide good lighting effects for the car, making the car brighter and more transparent, giving passengers a wider field of vision and improving the riding experience, especially in good weather, which can enhance the sense of space and comfort in the car. However, the existing glass roof still has defects such as single light transmittance, poor sunshade, and poor sound insulation, which affect the further improvement of the passenger riding experience. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a two-color gradient PVB film; the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the two-color gradient PVB film; the third purpose of the present invention is to provide a laminated glass; the fourth purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-color gradient PVB film, or the application of laminated glass.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a two-color gradient PVB film, which includes a first surface layer, a sound insulation layer, and a second surface layer that are stacked; in the first surface layer, a wedge-shaped gradient layer is provided on one side of the width midline; the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is close to the width midline of the first surface layer; the width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than half of the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film; the thickness of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the first surface layer.

[0007] Preferably, the lower surface of the wedge-shaped gradient layer contacts the lower surface of the first surface layer.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the wedge-shaped gradient layer away from the midline of the width of the first surface layer contacts the end of the first surface layer.

[0009] Preferably, the number of wedge angles of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is ≥1; further preferably, the number of wedge angles of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is 1-2.

[0010] Preferably, the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than 1.0 mrad; further preferably, the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is 0.24-0.99 mrad.

[0011] Preferably, the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film is greater than 1850 mm; further preferably, the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film is greater than 1850 mm and less than 4000 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is greater than 850 mm and less than half of the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film.

[0013] Preferably, the total thickness of the two-color gradient PVB film is 0.76-0.85 mm; further preferably, the total thickness of the two-color gradient PVB film is 0.78-0.82 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.05-0.15 mm; further preferably, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.06-0.12 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the first surface layer and the second surface layer have the same thickness.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is smaller than the thickness of the first surface layer.

[0017] Preferably, the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the second surface layer independently include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of PVB resin I; 30-50 parts of plasticizer; 0.2-1 parts of antioxidant; 0.1-1 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.1-1 parts of light stabilizer; 0.01-0.08 parts of colorant; 0.001-0.02 parts of silane coupling agent; 0.05-0.2 parts of adhesion regulator; 0.3-1.5 parts of water; and further Preferably, the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the second surface layer independently include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-105 parts of PVB resin I; 35-40 parts of plasticizer; 0.2-0.5 parts of antioxidant; 0.1-0.5 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.1-0.5 parts of light stabilizer; 0.01-0.05 parts of colorant; 0.001-0.01 parts of silane coupling agent; 0.05-0.1 parts of adhesion regulator; and 0.3-1 parts of water.

[0018] Preferably, the wedge-shaped gradient layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 12-16 parts of PVB resin I; 4-8 parts of plasticizer; 0.01-0.06 parts of antioxidant; 0.01-0.06 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.01-0.08 parts of light stabilizer; 0.02-0.08 parts of colorant; further preferably, the wedge-shaped gradient layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 12-15 parts of PVB resin I; 4-5 parts of plasticizer; 0.01-0.05 parts of antioxidant; 0.01-0.05 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.01-0.05 parts of light stabilizer; 0.02-0.06 parts of colorant.

[0019] Preferably, the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-15 parts of PVB resin II; 6-12 parts of plasticizer; 0.04-0.08 parts of antioxidant; 0.02-0.05 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.02-0.05 parts of light stabilizer; further preferably, the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-12 parts of PVB resin II; 8-10 parts of plasticizer; 0.04-0.06 parts of antioxidant; 0.02-0.05 parts of ultraviolet absorber; 0.02-0.05 parts of light stabilizer.

[0020] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the sound insulation layer may further include a colorant, and the content of the colorant is 0-0.02 parts.

[0021] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or the second surface layer, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin I is 1500-2000; further preferably, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin I is 1500-1800.

[0022] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or the second surface layer, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin I is 16-20 wt %; further preferably, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin I is 17-19 wt %.

[0023] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or the second surface layer, the acetyl content of the PVB resin I is 0.1-2 wt %; further preferably, the acetyl content of the PVB resin I is 0.5-1.5 wt %.

[0024] Preferably, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin II is 2000-2800; further preferably, the degree of polymerization of the PVB resin II is 2500-2700.

[0025] Preferably, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin II is 10-14 wt %; further preferably, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin II is 11-13 wt %.

[0026] Preferably, the acetyl content of the PVB resin II is 0.5-3 wt %; further preferably, the acetyl content of the PVB resin II is 0.5-1.5 wt %.

[0027] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the plasticizer includes at least one of phthalates, adipates, sebacic acid esters, triethylene glycol esters and tetraethylene glycol esters; further preferably, the plasticizer is triethylene glycol diisooctanoate (3GO).

[0028] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or the second surface layer, the silane coupling agent includes at least one of silane coupling agents A-1123, A-2120, QKH-922, A-1170, and A-1130.

[0029] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the antioxidant is a mixture of a hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant.

[0030] Preferably, the hindered phenol antioxidant includes at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol (BHT), β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (antioxidant 1076), pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (antioxidant 1010), N,N'-bis-(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) hexanediamine (antioxidant 1098), and triethylene glycol bis[β-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate] (antioxidant 245); further preferably, the hindered phenol antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0031] Preferably, the phosphite antioxidant includes at least one of diphenyl isooctyl phosphite (ODPP), tris[2.4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite (antioxidant 168), bisphenol A phosphite, and triphenyl phosphite (TPP); further preferably, the phosphite antioxidant is antioxidant 168.

[0032] Preferably, the mass ratio of the hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 1:(0.5-1.5); further preferably, the mass ratio of the hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 1:(0.8-1.2).

[0033] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer part of the first surface layer, the second surface layer or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the ultraviolet absorber includes at least one of benzophenone, benzotriazole and triazine ultraviolet absorbers; further preferably, the ultraviolet absorber includes at least one of 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole (UV-P), 2'-(2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole (UV-326), 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole (UV-327), and 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-dit-pentylphenyl)benzotriazole (UV-328); further preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is UV-326.

[0034] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the light stabilizer includes a hindered amine light stabilizer; further preferably, the light stabilizer includes at least one of UV-3581, light stabilizer 744, light stabilizer 770, light stabilizer 944, and light stabilizer LA-63.

[0035] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or the second surface layer, the adhesion regulator includes at least one of an alkali metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt; further preferably, the alkali metal salt includes at least one of potassium acetate, potassium formate, sodium acetate, and potassium 2-ethylhexanoate; the alkaline earth metal salt includes at least one of magnesium acetate, magnesium formate, magnesium propionate, magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate, and magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate. Adding an adhesion regulator to the surface layer can control the adhesion between the PVB film and the laminated glass.

[0036] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the colorant includes at least one of carbon black, anthraquinone dyes, pyrene dyes, ultramarine pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, quinoline dyes, and azo pigments; further preferably, the colorant is a mixture of CI Pigment Red 122, CI Pigment Blue 15:2 and CI Pigment Black 7.

[0037] Preferably, in the sound insulation layer, the colorant includes a mixture of CI Pigment Red 122, CI Pigment Blue 15:2 and CI Pigment Black 7.

[0038] Preferably, in the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer part of the first surface layer, the second surface layer or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, preferably, the mass ratio of CI Pigment Red 122, CI Pigment Blue 15:2 and CI Pigment Black 7 is 1:(1-2):(3-4).

[0039] Preferably, in the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the mass ratio of CI Pigment Red 122, CI Pigment Blue 15:2 and CI Pigment Black 7 is 1:(1.5-2):(1.5-2).

[0040] Preferably, in the sound insulation layer, the mass ratio of CI Pigment Red 122, CI Pigment Blue 15:2 and CI Pigment Black 7 is 1:(1-2):(3-4).

[0041] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer, the wedge-shaped gradient layer or the sound insulation layer may also independently include other additives.

[0042] Preferably, the amount of the other auxiliary agents is 0-2 parts by weight.

[0043] Preferably, the other auxiliary agents include one or more of chelating agents, dispersants, flame retardants, antistatic agents, anti-blushing agents, moisture-proof agents, foaming inhibitors, chain extenders, surfactants, fluorescent brighteners, photochromic materials, and infrared absorbers.

[0044] The basic principle of the present invention is described as follows:

[0045] The two-color gradient PVB film provided by the present invention has a layered structure. By setting a sound insulation layer between the first surface layer and the second surface layer, the PVB film has a sound insulation effect. By setting a wedge-shaped gradient layer in the first surface layer, the PVB film presents a gradient color in the area containing the wedge-shaped gradient layer in the vertical structure; because the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is close to the width center line of the first surface layer, the color of the PVB film changes from light to dark from the wedge angle end to the non-wedge angle end (that is, from the width center line to the edge of the PVB film); and the width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than half of the total width of the PVB film, and is located on one side of the width center line, the PVB film only partially presents a gradient color, and other areas can adjust the type of colorant in the raw material as needed to form other colors. That is, the two-color gradient PVB film provided by the present invention has a three-layer or four-layer structure in the vertical structure in the area containing the wedge-shaped gradient layer, and a three-layer structure in the area without the wedge-shaped gradient layer. In addition, the PVB film provided by the present invention is a pure color area plus a gradient area of ​​the same pure color. By adjusting the type and amount of the colorant, different areas of the PVB film can have different light transmittances.

[0046] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the two-color gradient PVB film according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0047] The non-wedge-shaped gradient layer part of the first surface layer and the raw materials for the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, the raw materials for the wedge-shaped gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and the raw materials for the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed. Three extruders are used to extrude them separately, and the output materials pass through a distributor to extrude the two-color gradient PVB film.

[0048] The third aspect of the present invention provides a laminated glass, comprising the two-color gradient PVB film described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0049] Preferably, the laminated glass is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0050] The two-color gradient PVB film is prepared between two pieces of float glass with a thickness of 2-3 mm. After cold drawing for 25-35 minutes at a pressure of -0.1 to -0.09 MPa, the temperature and pressure are increased for 15-25 minutes to make the pressure reach 1.0-1.4 MPa and the temperature reach 130-150°C. The constant temperature and pressure are maintained for 30-50 minutes to obtain the laminated glass.

[0051] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides the application of the two-color gradient PVB film described in the first aspect of the present invention, or the laminated glass described in the third aspect in the automotive field.

[0052] Preferably, the application is specifically: the application of the two-color gradient PVB film in the preparation of automobile glass roof; or the laminated glass is used as automobile glass roof.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] 1) The two-color gradient PVB film provided by the present invention has a wedge-shaped gradient layer in the first surface layer, and the appearance forms a design of a pure color area plus a gradient color area, the light transmittance of the pure color area is less than 25%, and the light transmittance of the dark part of the gradient color area is less than 5%; a sound insulation layer is arranged between the first surface layer and the second surface layer, so that the PVB film has sound insulation performance; the PVB film also has good flexibility and tensile resistance;

[0055] 2) The two-color gradient PVB film provided by the present invention can form films with different color combinations by adjusting the types of colorants in different functional layers, which is suitable for different occasions;

[0056] 3) The laminated glass provided by the present invention has different light transmittances in different areas, good impact resistance, and high safety, and can meet the application requirements in the automotive field. When used as a car glass roof, it can not only provide sufficient light and a wide field of vision in the car, but also meet the needs of sun protection and sound insulation, and can greatly improve the riding experience of passengers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the feed flow channels of the distributor module during the preparation of the two-color gradient PVB film in the embodiment, wherein 1-flow channel A, 2-flow channel B, 3-flow channel C;

[0058] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1;

[0059] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sound insulation testing room;

[0061] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the two-color gradient PVB film corresponding to the laminated glass used as the automobile glass roof in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention is further described in detail below by specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in the examples and comparative examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or can be obtained by prior art methods. Unless otherwise specified, the experiments or test methods are conventional methods in the art.

[0063] In the following examples and comparative examples, the PVB resin I used to prepare the surface layer of the two-color gradient PVB film has a degree of polymerization of 1700, a hydroxyl content of 18.0wt%, and an acetyl content of 1.0wt%; the PVB resin II used to prepare the sound insulation layer of the PVB film has a degree of polymerization of 2600, a hydroxyl content of 12.0wt%, and an acetyl content of 1.0wt%.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, the "parts" of the amounts of raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples refer to parts by mass.

[0065] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the feed channel of the distributor module in the process of preparing the two-color gradient PVB film in the embodiment. Figure 1 It can be seen that the dispenser module for preparing the two-color gradient PVB film in the embodiment is composed of 1 flow channel A, 2 flow channels B and 3 flow channels C, wherein flow channel A includes two flow channels, and flow channel A is for plasticizing and mixing raw materials for preparing the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer part of the first surface layer and the second surface layer extruded by the first extruder; flow channel B is for plasticizing and mixing raw materials for preparing the wedge-shaped gradient layer extruded by the second extruder; and flow channel C is for plasticizing and mixing raw materials for preparing the sound insulation layer extruded by the third extruder.

[0066] The two flow channels A are used to prepare the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the material of the second surface layer, that is, the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are prepared with the same raw materials and amounts.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] This embodiment provides a two-color gradient PVB film, and the raw materials and amounts used for preparation are shown in Table 1:

[0069] Table 1 Preparation materials and dosage of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1

[0070]

[0071] The preparation method of the two-color gradient PVB film comprises the following steps:

[0072] The raw materials for the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a first extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel A; the raw materials for the wedge-shaped gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a second extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel B; the raw materials for the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a third extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel C; and then extruded through a die head, and subjected to steps such as cooling and shaping in a water tank, moisture control, trimming and winding, to obtain a PVB film with a thickness of 0.80 mm.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] This embodiment provides a two-color gradient PVB film, and the raw materials and amounts used in its preparation are shown in Table 2:

[0075] Table 2 Preparation materials and dosage of two-color gradient PVB film in Example 2

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] The preparation method of the two-color gradient PVB film comprises the following steps:

[0079] The raw materials for the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a first extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel A; the raw materials for the wedge-shaped gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a second extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel B; the raw materials for the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a third extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel C; and then extruded through a die head, and subjected to steps such as cooling and shaping in a water tank, moisture control, trimming and winding, to obtain a PVB film with a thickness of 0.80 mm.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment provides a two-color gradient PVB film, and the raw materials and amounts used for preparation are shown in Table 3:

[0082] Table 3 Preparation materials and dosage of two-color gradient PVB film in Example 3

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] The preparation method of the two-color gradient PVB film comprises the following steps:

[0086] The raw materials for the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a first extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel A; the raw materials for the wedge-shaped gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a second extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel B; the raw materials for the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed, and extruded by a third extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel C; and then extruded through a die head, and subjected to steps such as cooling and shaping in a water tank, moisture control, trimming and winding, to obtain a PVB film with a thickness of 0.80 mm.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] This comparative example provides a two-color gradient PVB film, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain a sound insulation layer. The raw materials and amounts used in its preparation are shown in Table 4:

[0089] Table 4 Preparation materials and dosage of two-color gradient PVB film in comparative example 1

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] The preparation method of the two-color gradient PVB film comprises the following steps:

[0093] The raw materials for the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer of the first surface layer and the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, extruded by a first extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel A; the raw materials for the wedge-shaped gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, extruded by a second extruder, and the melt enters the distributor module flow channel B; and then extruded through a die head, and subjected to steps such as cooling and shaping in a water tank, moisture control, trimming and winding, to obtain a PVB film with a thickness of 0.70 mm.

[0094] Application Example 1

[0095] Laminated glass is prepared using the two-color gradient PVB films in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, respectively, in the following steps:

[0096] The PVB films in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were respectively prepared between two sheets of 2.5 mm thick float glass, and were cold-drawn for 30 minutes at a pressure of -0.09 to -0.1 MPa. The temperature and pressure were then increased for 20 minutes to make the pressure reach 1.2 MPa and the temperature reach 140°C. The constant temperature and pressure were maintained for 40 minutes to obtain laminated glass.

[0097] Performance Testing

[0098] 1) Tensile strength and elongation at break test

[0099] Referring to method 6.10 in the JG / T449-2014 standard, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the two-color gradient PVB films in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested using an electronic universal testing machine.

[0100] 2) Sound insulation test

[0101] Device: Sound level meter, power amplifier, speaker, microphone

[0102] Test method: Place the laminated glass in Application Example 1 (including two-color gradient PVB film 1000×1000mm) on the wall between the sound source room and the receiving room of the sound insulation laboratory, and seal the four sides with cement. After the cement hardens, the test can be carried out. Before the test, turn on the air conditioner to adjust the temperature between 20±3℃ and the humidity between 35-85% for at least 48 hours. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sound insulation test room. The power amplifier, speaker, and microphone are connected as shown in the figure. Figure 1 Connect and place the sound level meter to the power amplifier, microphone and computer respectively to measure the weighted sound insulation Rw of the laminated glass.

[0103] 3) Transmittance and haze detection

[0104] Device: Transmittance / Haze Tester

[0105] Figure 2 is a plan view of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1, Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3It can be seen that the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1 uses three colorants, CI Pigment Black 7, CI Pigment Blue 15:2 and CI Pigment Red 122. In the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer part of the first surface layer and the second surface layer, the mass ratio of the three colorants is 4:2:1, and the mass ratio of the three colorants in the wedge-shaped gradient layer is 2:2:1; the number of wedge angles in the wedge-shaped gradient layer is 1, and the wedge angle is 0.99mrad; the corresponding area of ​​the wedge-shaped gradient layer in the plan view presents a gradient gray, from the center line of the width to the edge of the PVB film, the gray is from light to dark, and the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer area presents a pure gray. The total width of the two-color gradient PVB film is greater than 1850mm, the width of the gradient gray area is greater than 850mm, and the width of the pure gray area is greater than 1000mm. In Examples 2, 3 and Comparative Example 1, two-color gradient PVB films with the same color distribution are obtained. The laminated glass prepared in Application Example 1 also has a gray area A and a gradient gray area, and the gradient gray area contains a dark area B.

[0106] The transmittance and haze of the gray area A and the gradient gray dark area B of the laminated glass in Application Example 1 were measured on a transmittance / haze meter.

[0107] Table 5 Performance test results of the two-color gradient PVB films in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, and the laminated glass in Application Example 1

[0108]

[0109] Table 5 shows the performance test results of the two-color gradient PVB films in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, as well as the laminated glass in Application Example 1. It can be seen from Table 5 that the two-color gradient PVB films prepared in Examples 1-3 have a tensile strength of up to 25 MPa, and an elongation at break greater than or equal to 220%. The PVB films have good flexibility and tensile resistance, and are suitable for preparing laminated glass, so that the glass has the ability to resist shattering when subjected to external impact. The laminated glass prepared using the two-color gradient PVB films in Examples 1-3 has a maximum sound insulation of 33 dB. Compared with the PVB films and the corresponding laminated glass in Comparative Example 1, the ability of the glass to resist shattering is not much different, but the sound insulation performance is increased. The laminated glass in Application Example 1 has a gray area and a gradient gray area. The transmittance of the gray area is less than 19%, and the haze is less than or equal to 1.2%. The transmittance of the dark area in the gradient gray area is less than 2%, and the haze is less than or equal to 3.2%. It can be seen that the laminated glass is a dual-area design of pure color and gradient color, and different areas have different transmittances. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the laminated glass corresponding to the two-color gradient PVB film in Example 1 being used as a car glass roof. When the laminated glass is used as a car glass roof, it can not only make the interior of the car brighter and more transparent, but also provide a sunshade effect by using the low light transmittance part, and also has sound insulation performance, which can provide a wide field of view and excellent privacy protection for passengers in the car, thereby improving the riding experience.

Claims

1. A two-color gradient PVB film, characterized in that: The two-color gradient PVB film comprises a first surface layer, a sound insulation layer, and a second surface layer which are stacked; in the first surface layer, one side of the width midline contains a wedge-shaped gradient layer; the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is close to the width midline of the first surface layer; The width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than half of the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film; the thickness of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the first surface layer.

2. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of wedge angles of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is ≥ 1; And / or, the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is less than 1.0 mrad; And / or, the total width of the PVB film is greater than 1850 mm; And / or, the width of the wedge-shaped gradient layer is greater than 850 mm and less than half of the total width of the two-color gradient PVB film.

3. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total thickness of the two-color gradient PVB film is 0.76-0.85mm; And / or, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.05-0.15 mm; And / or, the first surface layer and the second surface layer have the same thickness.

4. The two-color gradient PVB film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer and the second surface layer independently include the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: And / or, the wedge-shaped gradient layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: And / or, the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer or the second surface layer, the polymerization degree of the PVB resin I is 1500-2000; and / or, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin I is 16-20wt%; And / or, the acetyl content of the PVB resin I is 0.1-2 wt %.

6. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polymerization degree of the PVB resin II is 2000-2800; And / or, the hydroxyl content of the PVB resin II is 10-14wt%; And / or, the acetyl content of the PVB resin II is 0.5-3wt%.

7. The two-color gradient PVB film according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the non-wedge-shaped gradient layer portion of the first surface layer, the second surface layer or the wedge-shaped gradient layer, the colorant includes at least one of carbon black, anthraquinone dyes, pyrene dyes, ultramarine pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, quinoline dyes, and azo pigments.

8. The method for preparing the two-color gradient PVB film according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The non-wedge-shaped gradient layer part of the first surface layer and the raw materials for the second surface layer are plasticized and mixed, the raw materials for the wedge-shaped gradient layer are plasticized and mixed, and the raw materials for the sound insulation layer are plasticized and mixed. Three extruders are used to extrude them separately, and the output materials pass through a distributor to extrude the two-color gradient PVB film.

9. A laminated glass, characterized in that: The invention comprises the two-color gradient PVB film as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. Use of the two-color gradient PVB film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or the laminated glass according to claim 9 in the automotive field.

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