Intelligent road, bridge and tunnel monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent road, bridge and tunnel monitoring system which is characterized in that a tunnel is located in a mountain, arch frames are installed at the two ends in the tunnel, cross beams are installed on the inner walls of the two arch frames, camera shooting equipment is installed on the top of each cross beam, and fixing bases are installed on the two sides of the outer wall of each cross beam; an electric telescopic rod is installed at the bottom of each fixing base, a connecting frame is installed at the driving end of each electric telescopic rod, and a stop rod is installed in the middle of the two connecting frames. The traffic flow, land subsidence and tunnel deformation monitoring functions are integrated, all-dimensional intelligent monitoring of infrastructures is achieved, the accuracy and stability of monitoring are ensured through the laser ranging and self-adaptive induction technology, big data analysis and intelligent early warning are carried out in combination with a central control system, potential risks are actively predicted and prevented, and the system is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And the safety management level is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of traffic infrastructure monitoring, and in particular to an intelligent road bridge and tunnel monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern transportation infrastructure, the role of structures such as bridges and tunnels in the transportation network has become increasingly important. These large-scale infrastructures not only bear heavy traffic loads, but are also subject to complex influences such as environmental changes, geological conditions, and climate factors. In particular, with the increasing traffic volume and vehicle load, the structural safety of bridges and tunnels faces huge challenges. Long-term load effects, material aging, foundation settlement, external force impacts (such as earthquakes, wind loads, etc.) and other factors will lead to the accumulation of damage to infrastructure, which may in turn cause potential safety hazards. In addition, problems such as foundation settlement, structural deformation, and the misentry of overheight vehicles, if not monitored and handled in a timely manner, can easily lead to serious traffic accidents or even structural collapse.

[0003] Although existing monitoring technologies can monitor single parameters such as structural deformation and foundation settlement to a certain extent, they often lack comprehensive, multi-dimensional data fusion capabilities. Most monitoring systems are still based on manual inspections or single sensor monitoring, which cannot achieve the simultaneous collection and analysis of multi-dimensional data, and it is difficult to form an overall health assessment of complex transportation facilities. In addition, traditional monitoring systems have a lag in early warning response, and usually can only respond after an accident or abnormal situation occurs, making it difficult to provide active early warnings in a timely manner. Faced with the safety management needs of complex structures such as bridges and tunnels, how to build a comprehensive and intelligent monitoring system that can simultaneously collect multiple parameters, conduct big data analysis, and have active early warning capabilities has become a problem that needs to be solved by existing technologies. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent road bridge and tunnel monitoring system, which solves the problem that roads, bridges and tunnels cannot be monitored in multiple dimensions, in real time, and with active early warning.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent road bridge tunnel monitoring system, the tunnel is located in a mountain, arch frames are installed at both ends of the tunnel, beams are installed on the inner walls of the two arch frames, a camera is installed on the top of each beam, fixed seats are installed on both sides of the outer wall of each beam, an electric telescopic rod is installed at the bottom of each fixed seat, a connecting frame is installed at the driving end of each electric telescopic rod, a blocking rod is installed in the middle of the two connecting frames, an adaptive component is installed inside the blocking rod, which is used to monitor in real time whether the arch frame is deformed, a mounting beam is installed between the two arch frames, the mounting beam is installed on the top of the tunnel in the mountain through multiple mounting frames, multiple ranging components are installed on the mounting beam, which are used to monitor the settlement of the tunnel ground in the mountain, and the data monitored by the camera, the adaptive component and the ranging component are transmitted to a central processing system for processing.

[0007] Preferably, the adaptive component includes a spring, which is arranged in the baffle rod, with movable plates connected to both ends of the spring, movable rods are installed at the other ends of the two movable plates, and an anti-friction ball is rotatably arranged at the other end of each movable rod, and sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the arch frame, and the outer side of the anti-friction ball on the corresponding side contacts with the inner wall of the sliding groove on the corresponding side, and two monitoring components are connected to the outer wall of the baffle rod.

[0008] Preferably, the two monitoring components each include a protective cover, the two protective covers are connected to the inside of the barrier rod, the inner walls of the two protective covers are installed with displacement sensors, the outer wall of each movable plate is installed with a reflective plate, and the outside of the reflective plate slides inside the protective cover.

[0009] Preferably, the plurality of ranging components each include a mounting seat, the plurality of mounting seats are equidistantly arranged on a mounting beam, a motor is mounted on each mounting seat, a laser rangefinder is fixed to a driving end of the motor, a stabilizing rod is rotatably disposed on the outer wall of the laser rangefinder, the other end of the stabilizing rod is rotated on the mounting seat, and a glass bead reflective paint area is laterally coated at a position corresponding to each laser rangefinder on the ground of the tunnel inside the mountain.

[0010] The central processing system is used in conjunction with the above-mentioned intelligent road bridge and tunnel monitoring system, including:

[0011] The vehicle flow monitoring and height limit control module is used to monitor the vehicle flow entering the tunnel in real time, identify the vehicle type and height, and dynamically adjust the height limit device according to the actual conditions of the tunnel;

[0012] Ground subsidence monitoring and analysis module, used to monitor and analyze the subsidence of the tunnel ground;

[0013] Tunnel entrance deformation monitoring and analysis module, used to monitor and analyze the deformation of the tunnel entrance structure;

[0014] Central control and data processing module, used to integrate and process data from multiple monitoring modules, generate real-time system status reports and warning information, and support remote monitoring and emergency response;

[0015] System security and maintenance module, used to ensure system security, data integrity and fault tolerance.

[0016] Preferably, the vehicle flow monitoring and height limit control module includes:

[0017] A camera monitoring unit is used to capture vehicle traffic information in real time through a camera device;

[0018] The height limit control unit is used to automatically control the raising and lowering of the height limit device, and prevent vehicles that do not meet the height limit requirements from entering according to the vehicle height and tunnel conditions;

[0019] Traffic flow data analysis unit, used to analyze traffic flow data, count traffic density, flow and speed, and provide feedback on traffic conditions;

[0020] The warning and prompting unit is used to display height limit information to the driver and remind the driver of the current height limit and traffic information through the LED screen or voice prompts.

[0021] Preferably, the land subsidence monitoring and analysis module includes:

[0022] Laser distance measuring unit, used for measuring the settlement of tunnel ground with laser distance measuring instrument;

[0023] The subsidence analysis and early warning unit is used to analyze ground subsidence trends and trigger early warnings.

[0024] Preferably, the tunnel entrance deformation monitoring and analysis module includes:

[0025] The deformation data acquisition unit is used to collect deformation data through displacement sensors, collect displacement data of the tunnel entrance and transmit it to the central control system for analysis;

[0026] The deformation analysis and early warning unit is used to analyze the deformation of the tunnel entrance and trigger an early warning. When the deformation exceeds the threshold, an early warning message is automatically issued.

[0027] Preferably, the central control and data processing module includes:

[0028] Multi-sensor data fusion unit is used to integrate data from various sensors and uniformly process data from multiple monitoring modules such as vehicle flow, ground subsidence, and deformation;

[0029] Data analysis and trend prediction unit, used to analyze historical and real-time data, and predict future ground subsidence or structural deformation trends through big data analysis and machine learning technology;

[0030] Early warning and emergency response unit, used to trigger different levels of early warning and initiate emergency response plans;

[0031] The remote monitoring and mobile device support unit is used to support remote access and mobile device monitoring. Managers can view system status and warning information in real time through mobile terminals.

[0032] Preferably, the system security and maintenance module includes:

[0033] Data backup and recovery unit, used to regularly back up and restore monitoring data;

[0034] Network security protection unit, used to protect the network security of the system;

[0035] System fault tolerance and redundancy unit is used to realize the backup of key components through redundant design.

[0036] Working principle: An intelligent road bridge tunnel monitoring system described in the present invention is installed in the existing tunnel, and the central processing system used in conjunction with it is installed in the control equipment in the control center. After the installation preparation is completed, the overall system is officially put into operation. The camera equipment will monitor the traffic flow entering the tunnel at all times. At the same time, the existing monitoring equipment originally installed in the tunnel will also monitor the situation in the tunnel in real time. If there is an abnormality in the tunnel, such as a dangerous situation such as a car accident, the traffic flow monitoring and height limit control module in the central processing system will respond immediately. The system will make a timely judgment based on the traffic flow information captured by the camera equipment and the real-time traffic density, flow rate and other data statistically collected by the traffic flow data analysis unit. The early warning and prompting unit will issue an alarm through the LED display screen, voice system and other means to prompt the driver to slow down or detour. At the same time, the height limit control unit will adjust the height limit equipment according to the on-site situation, the electric telescopic rod will start, and the control lever will drive the adaptive components on both sides to move down along the inner wall of the slide. After reaching the preset height, the electric telescopic rod will stop running to prevent new vehicles from entering the tunnel and prevent the accident from expanding.

[0037] The ground subsidence monitoring and analysis module continuously detects the subsidence of the tunnel ground through a laser rangefinder. The laser rangefinder is turned on at a fixed time, and the laser is emitted to illuminate the glass bead reflective coating area, and the laser is refracted back to the receiving end of the laser rangefinder. The distance measurement data is transmitted to the central control system in real time. The system compares these data with historical records, and then the motor starts at a fixed time to drive the laser rangefinder to adjust the angle, so as to measure the distance at different points. Once an abnormal subsidence trend is detected or the subsidence exceeds the safety threshold, the system will immediately trigger the subsidence analysis and early warning unit, send out an early warning signal, and prompt relevant maintenance personnel to take emergency measures to prevent the tunnel structure from being further damaged.

[0038] At the same time, the tunnel entrance deformation monitoring and analysis module continuously monitors the deformation of the tunnel entrance structure through the displacement sensor installed at the tunnel entrance, and collects displacement data in real time. When the entrance is deformed, the arch frame will deform synchronously, so that the moving rod moves inside the barrier rod, driving the reflector to move synchronously. If the displacement sensor detects that the reflector is located above the threshold, the entrance arch beam or side wall will be significantly displaced. The deformation data collection unit will transmit the data to the central control system for analysis. The deformation analysis and early warning unit will determine whether an early warning needs to be issued based on the analysis results to ensure that the tunnel entrance structure can be maintained in time when deformation occurs.

[0039] All monitoring data, including information on traffic flow, ground subsidence, and deformation of tunnel entrances, are summarized, analyzed, and predicted through the central control and data processing module. This module can integrate data from different monitoring modules through the multi-sensor data fusion unit, and analyze it using the data analysis and trend prediction unit, and predict the trend of ground subsidence or structural deformation that may occur in the future through big data and machine learning algorithms. If the system detects potential safety hazards, the early warning and emergency response unit will automatically sound an alarm, activate relevant emergency plans, and notify managers to take preventive measures.

[0040] In addition, the system security and maintenance module is responsible for ensuring the stable operation of the entire system. All monitoring data is backed up regularly through the data backup and recovery unit to ensure that the system can be quickly restored to operation when a failure occurs; through the network security protection unit, the system can prevent external network attacks and data leakage to ensure the security and integrity of monitoring data; through the system fault tolerance and redundancy unit, once a key component in the system fails, the redundant system will immediately take over to ensure that the system can continue to operate normally and ensure the safe monitoring of the tunnel.

[0041] The present invention provides an intelligent road bridge tunnel monitoring system. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] 1. The present invention integrates multiple functions such as vehicle flow monitoring, ground subsidence monitoring, and tunnel entrance deformation monitoring, and can conduct all-round, multi-level, intelligent real-time monitoring of multiple key parts of infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and tunnels. Compared with traditional monitoring systems that can only monitor a single indicator, the present invention can simultaneously collect and analyze multi-dimensional data, thereby fully understanding the operating status and potential risks of the structure and identifying various abnormal situations in a timely manner.

[0043] 2. The present invention uses a combination of a laser rangefinder and optical reflective coating to perform high-precision settlement monitoring of the tunnel ground. Compared with existing foundation settlement monitoring technology, laser ranging has higher sensitivity and accuracy, and can capture tiny ground settlements in real time, discover potential settlement risks in advance, and avoid damage to the tunnel structure caused by ground settlement.

[0044] 3. The present invention can monitor the deformation of the tunnel entrance in real time by designing adaptive sensing components and displacement sensors at the tunnel entrance, and can automatically adjust the sensor position to maintain measurement accuracy. Compared with traditional structural deformation monitoring technology, the adaptive components ensure that the monitoring system is always in the best working state, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of deformation monitoring.

[0045] 4. The present invention adopts a central control and data processing system, which can comprehensively analyze and process a variety of monitoring data, and predict potential structural risks in advance through big data analysis and machine learning technology. At the same time, the system has an intelligent early warning function, which can trigger early warning signals and start emergency plans in time according to the set threshold. Compared with the passive early warning method in the prior art, it can achieve more active safety management and effectively prevent the occurrence of major accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-friction ball of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the tunnel of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the gear lever of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the distance measuring component of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a framework diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 It is a framework diagram of the vehicle flow monitoring and height limit control module of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 It is a framework diagram of the ground subsidence monitoring and analysis module of the present invention;

[0054] Fig. 9 It is a framework diagram of the tunnel entrance deformation monitoring and analysis module of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.10 It is a framework diagram of the central control and data processing module of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.11 It is a framework diagram of the system security and maintenance module of the present invention.

[0057] Among them, 1. mountain; 2. arch frame; 3. crossbeam; 4. camera equipment; 5. fixed seat; 6. electric telescopic rod; 7. connecting frame; 8. barrier rod; 9. spring; 10. moving plate; 11. moving rod; 12. anti-friction ball; 13. protective cover; 14. reflective plate; 15. displacement sensor; 16. slide; 17. mounting beam; 18. mounting seat; 19. motor; 20. laser rangefinder; 21. stabilizing rod; 22. glass bead reflective coating area; 23. mounting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent road bridge tunnel monitoring system, wherein the tunnel is located in a mountain 1, and arch frames 2 are installed at both ends of the tunnel, and beams 3 are installed on the inner walls of the two arch frames 2, and a camera device 4 is installed on the top of each beam 3, and a fixing seat 5 is installed on both sides of the outer wall of each beam 3, and an electric telescopic rod 6 is installed at the bottom of each fixing seat 5, and a connecting frame 7 is installed at the driving end of each electric telescopic rod 6, and a blocking rod 8 is installed in the middle of the two connecting frames 7, and an adaptive component is installed inside the blocking rod 8, which is used to monitor in real time whether the arch frames 2 are deformed, and a mounting beam 17 is installed between the two arch frames 2, and the mounting beam 17 is installed on the top of the tunnel in the mountain 1 through multiple mounting frames 23, and multiple ranging components are installed on the mounting beam 17, which are used to monitor the settlement of the tunnel ground in the mountain 1, and the data monitored by the camera device 4, the adaptive component and the ranging component are transmitted to the central processing system for processing.

[0060] Specifically, the camera device 4 will always monitor the traffic flow entering the tunnel, and the existing monitoring equipment originally installed in the tunnel will also monitor the situation in the tunnel in real time. If there is an abnormality in the tunnel, such as a dangerous situation such as a car accident, the traffic flow monitoring and height limit control module in the central processing system will respond immediately. The system will make a timely judgment based on the traffic flow information captured by the camera device and the real-time traffic density, flow rate and other data counted by the traffic flow data analysis unit. The early warning and prompting unit will issue an alarm through the LED display screen, voice system, etc., prompting the driver to slow down or detour. At the same time, the height limit control unit will adjust the height limit device according to the on-site situation, the electric telescopic rod 6 will start, and the control lever 8 will drive the adaptive components on both sides to move down along the inner wall of the slide 16. After reaching the preset height, the electric telescopic rod 6 will stop running to prevent new vehicles from entering the tunnel and prevent the accident from expanding.

[0061] Please see attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 4 The adaptive component includes a spring 9, which is arranged in the baffle rod 8. Both ends of the spring 9 are connected to a moving plate 10. The other ends of the two moving plates 10 are installed with a moving rod 11. The other end of each moving rod 11 is equipped with an anti-friction ball 12 for rotation. Slide grooves 16 are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the arch frame 2. The outer side of the anti-friction ball 12 on the corresponding side contacts the inner wall of the slide groove 16 on the corresponding side. Two monitoring components are connected to the outer wall of the baffle rod 8.

[0062] Please see attached Figure 4 The two monitoring components include a protective cover 13, the two protective covers 13 are connected to the inside of the blocking rod 8, the inner walls of the two protective covers 13 are installed with displacement sensors 15, and the outer wall of each movable plate 10 is installed with a reflecting plate 14, and the outside of the reflecting plate 14 slides inside the protective cover 13.

[0063] Specifically, when deformation occurs at the entrance, the arch frame 2 will deform synchronously, so that the moving rod 11 moves in the blocking rod 8, driving the reflecting plate 14 to move synchronously. If the displacement sensor 15 detects that the reflecting plate 14 is located above the threshold, the entrance arch beam or side wall will undergo significant displacement. The deformation data acquisition unit will transmit the data to the central control system for analysis, and the deformation analysis and early warning unit will determine whether an early warning needs to be issued based on the analysis results.

[0064] Please see attached Figure 3 , 5 , multiple distance measuring components all include a mounting seat 18, and multiple mounting seats 18 are arranged at equal distances on the mounting beam 17. A motor 19 is installed on each mounting seat 18, and a laser rangefinder 20 is fixed to the driving end of the motor 19. A stabilizing rod 21 is rotated on the outer wall of the laser rangefinder 20, and the other end of the stabilizing rod 21 rotates on the mounting seat 18. A glass bead reflective coating area 22 is horizontally coated at a position corresponding to each laser rangefinder 20 on the ground of the tunnel in the mountain 1.

[0065] Specifically, the laser rangefinder 20 is turned on at a fixed time, and the laser is emitted to illuminate the glass bead reflective coating area 22, and the laser is refracted back to the receiving end of the laser rangefinder 20. The ranging data is transmitted to the central control system in real time, and the system compares these data with historical records. Then the motor 19 starts at a fixed time to drive the laser rangefinder 20 to adjust the angle, so as to measure the distance of different points. Once an abnormal settlement trend is detected or the settlement exceeds the safety threshold, the system will immediately trigger the settlement analysis and early warning unit, send out an early warning signal, and prompt the relevant maintenance personnel to take emergency measures. The glass bead reflective coating area 22 is achieved by applying the glass bead reflective coating on the ground of the key monitoring area, and then a monitoring laser rangefinder 20 is set up directly above it. After the laser rangefinder 20 emits the laser, it will be refracted back to the receiving end of the laser rangefinder 20 through the glass bead reflective coating area.

[0066] Please see attached Figure 6 , a central processing system, used in conjunction with the above-mentioned intelligent road bridge and tunnel detection system, comprising:

[0067] The vehicle flow monitoring and height limit control module is used to monitor the vehicle flow entering the tunnel in real time, identify the vehicle type and height, and dynamically adjust the height limit device according to the actual conditions of the tunnel;

[0068] Ground subsidence monitoring and analysis module, used to monitor and analyze the subsidence of the tunnel ground;

[0069] Tunnel entrance deformation monitoring and analysis module, used to monitor and analyze the deformation of the tunnel entrance structure;

[0070] Central control and data processing module, used to integrate and process data from multiple monitoring modules, generate real-time system status reports and warning information, and support remote monitoring and emergency response;

[0071] System security and maintenance module, used to ensure system security, data integrity and fault tolerance.

[0072] Please see attached Figure 7 , the vehicle flow monitoring and height limit control module includes:

[0073] A camera monitoring unit, used to capture vehicle flow information in real time through a camera device 4;

[0074] The height limit control unit is used to automatically control the raising and lowering of the height limit device, and prevent vehicles that do not meet the height limit requirements from entering according to the vehicle height and tunnel conditions;

[0075] Traffic flow data analysis unit, used to analyze traffic flow data, count traffic density, flow and speed, and provide feedback on traffic conditions;

[0076] The warning and prompting unit is used to display height limit information to the driver and remind the driver of the current height limit and traffic information through the LED screen or voice prompts.

[0077] Specifically, a high-definition camera device 4 is installed on the top of the crossbeam 3 at the tunnel entrance to monitor the flow of vehicles, types of cars, trucks, etc. and vehicle speed in real time. This monitoring unit does not measure the height of the vehicle at the beginning, but first continuously monitors the overall traffic conditions of the tunnel.

[0078] The main function of the camera monitoring unit is to obtain real-time traffic data, including the number and type of vehicles and traffic changes. When the traffic volume increases or the traffic conditions are abnormal, the system will conduct further analysis based on the traffic density, flow rate and other information combined with the internal conditions of the tunnel to determine whether the height limit adjustment needs to be activated.

[0079] The traffic flow data analysis unit obtains real-time data from the camera monitoring unit and analyzes parameters such as traffic density, flow, and vehicle type. The core functions of this analysis unit are:

[0080] Monitor traffic conditions: When the vehicle flow is too large or potential safety hazards are detected inside the tunnel, such as tunnel ground subsidence, tunnel deformation, etc., the system will analyze and determine whether it is necessary to limit the height of vehicles entering the tunnel.

[0081] Conditions for triggering height limit adjustment:

[0082] Traffic density: When the traffic flow data analysis unit detects that the traffic flow exceeds the threshold, such as the traffic density is too high, which may cause a traffic accident, the system will trigger the height limit to prevent taller vehicles from causing traffic jams.

[0083] Abnormal tunnel conditions: If combined with other monitoring modules such as tunnel ground subsidence and entrance deformation, it is found that the tunnel structure is in a dangerous state, the system will automatically activate the height limit device for safety reasons to reduce the additional pressure caused by high vehicles entering the tunnel.

[0084] The analysis unit first determines whether it is necessary to restrict vehicles from entering the tunnel through height restrictions based on the traffic volume, tunnel internal conditions or data fed back by other monitoring modules. If an abnormal situation occurs, the system will issue a height restriction adjustment instruction.

[0085] The height limit control unit executes the height limit adjustment command through the electric telescopic rod 6 and the barrier rod 8 installed at the tunnel entrance. When the traffic flow data analysis unit determines that it is necessary to limit the height of vehicles entering the tunnel, the system will start the height limit measure through the height limit control unit. The height limit device will lower the barrier rod to prevent vehicles exceeding the set height from entering the tunnel.

[0086] After the trigger conditions are met, the height limit control unit is responsible for executing the height limit action and adjusting the height of the height limit device to ensure that subsequent over-height vehicles cannot enter the tunnel.

[0087] When the height limit device is enabled, the system will measure the height of vehicles about to enter the tunnel through real-time vehicle height detection. If the height of a vehicle approaches or exceeds the set height limit, the system will remind the driver through the LED display or voice prompt device that the vehicle cannot enter the tunnel and issue a warning prompt.

[0088] After the height limit device is activated, the vehicle height detection will only measure the specific height of the vehicle about to enter the tunnel, and warn the over-height vehicles that violate the regulations in advance to avoid the risk of collision. Only when the over-height vehicle approaches will the system specifically detect the height of each vehicle.

[0089] Please see attached Figure 8 , the ground subsidence monitoring and analysis module includes:

[0090] A laser distance measuring unit, used for the laser distance measuring device 20 to measure the settlement of the tunnel ground;

[0091] The subsidence analysis and early warning unit is used to analyze ground subsidence trends and trigger early warnings.

[0092] Specifically, the laser rangefinder 20 is mounted on the mounting beam 17 at the top of the tunnel, pointing vertically to the glass bead reflective coating area 22 on the tunnel floor. The laser rangefinder transmits a laser beam to the tunnel floor, receives the reflected signal, and calculates the precise height of the tunnel floor based on the time difference of the laser round trip.

[0093] The distance meter can perform continuous or periodic measurements at preset time intervals, such as every second or every minute, to ensure real-time monitoring of the tunnel ground height.

[0094] Glass bead reflective paint areas are applied to key areas of the tunnel floor. The reflective properties of this paint enhance the reflection effect of the laser, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the measurement data, and it can work normally even in low light or humid conditions.

[0095] The laser rangefinder uses the time-of-flight measurement method to calculate the time it takes for the laser to be emitted, reflected from the ground, and then calculate the distance:

[0096]

[0097] Where D is the distance between the ground and the laser rangefinder, c is the speed of light, and t is the time required for the laser to travel back and forth.

[0098] The system determines whether the ground is sinking based on the changes in the distance values ​​measured regularly.

[0099] The working process of the laser ranging unit:

[0100] Laser emission: The rangefinder emits laser to the glass bead coating area on the ground.

[0101] Signal reflection and reception: The laser shines on the ground and reflects back to the rangefinder, which records the round-trip time of the laser.

[0102] Distance calculation: The system calculates the distance between the tunnel top and the ground based on the time difference.

[0103] Data logging: The measured data are transmitted to a settlement analysis unit in the central control system.

[0104] The settlement analysis and early warning unit is responsible for analyzing the data transmitted by the laser ranging unit. By comparing the current measured ground height with historical data, the system can identify whether the tunnel ground has settled, as well as the rate and trend of settlement.

[0105] The system can set a settlement threshold. When the measured ground height change exceeds this threshold, the settlement analysis unit will automatically determine that abnormal settlement has occurred in the area and trigger an early warning.

[0106] Sedimentation trend analysis: The sedimentation analysis unit not only makes judgments based on the current measurement values, but also predicts future sedimentation through trend analysis of multiple measurement results. For example, when the sedimentation rate accelerates, the system will give early warning and recommend maintenance measures.

[0107] Early warning trigger mechanism:

[0108] The system determines whether to trigger an early warning through continuous monitoring and trend analysis. The triggering conditions for early warnings include:

[0109] Exceeding the settlement threshold: When the settlement in a certain area exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system will immediately issue an alarm.

[0110] Accelerated Settlement: By analyzing multiple measurements, if the system detects that the settlement rate in a certain area is accelerating, it may indicate more serious structural problems, and the system will also provide early warning.

[0111] The warning information is transmitted to the system management personnel through the central control and data processing module, notifying relevant personnel to inspect or maintain the tunnel. Depending on the severity of the warning, the system can take different response measures, such as restricting large vehicles from entering or closing the tunnel.

[0112] Analysis logic and calculation formula:

[0113] Calculation of settlement:

[0114] S=H initial -H current

[0115] Where S is the sedimentation, Hinitial is the initial height, H current The current measured altitude.

[0116] Sedimentation rate calculation:

[0117]

[0118] Where R is the sedimentation rate, S n and S n-1 are the settlement at two measuring moments, T n and T n-1 is the corresponding measurement time.

[0119] Warning trigger logic:

[0120] If the sedimentation S exceeds the set threshold S critical , or the sedimentation rate R exceeds the set rate threshold R critical , then trigger the warning.

[0121] Please see attached Fig. 9 , the tunnel entrance deformation monitoring and analysis module includes:

[0122] A deformation data acquisition unit is used to collect deformation data through a displacement sensor 15, collect displacement data of the tunnel entrance and transmit it to a central control system for analysis;

[0123] The deformation analysis and early warning unit is used to analyze the deformation of the tunnel entrance and trigger an early warning. When the deformation exceeds the threshold, an early warning message is automatically issued.

[0124] Specifically, the deformation analysis and early warning unit performs real-time analysis on the displacement data transmitted by the displacement sensor. The system compares the current deformation data with the initial shape data or the set safety threshold to determine whether excessive structural deformation occurs.

[0125] Deformation analysis can calculate the rate and magnitude of deformation by comparing historical data. If the deformation amount or change rate exceeds the set safety threshold, the system will trigger an early warning to remind relevant maintenance personnel to conduct inspections and repairs in a timely manner.

[0126] The system can pre-set different deformation thresholds to assess structural deformations of different severity. For example, minor deformations may only require monitoring, while severe deformations may require an alarm and emergency measures.

[0127] Early warning trigger mechanism:

[0128] The system sets a safe deformation threshold. When the detected deformation exceeds this value, the system will immediately issue a warning message.

[0129] The warning level can be divided into different levels according to the severity of the deformation, such as yellow warning for minor deformation and red warning for severe deformation, which requires immediate inspection. The warning information can be notified to the management personnel through the LED screen, voice system or remote control platform.

[0130] The system can predict and analyze the deformation trend based on continuous monitoring to determine the possible risk of future deformation. By analyzing the deformation rate and trend, the system can issue early warning to avoid sudden structural instability.

[0131] Please see attached Fig.10 , the central control and data processing module includes:

[0132] Multi-sensor data fusion unit is used to integrate data from various sensors and uniformly process data from multiple monitoring modules such as vehicle flow, ground subsidence, and deformation;

[0133] Data analysis and trend prediction unit, used to analyze historical and real-time data, and predict future ground subsidence or structural deformation trends through big data analysis and machine learning technology;

[0134] Early warning and emergency response unit, used to trigger different levels of early warning and initiate emergency response plans;

[0135] The remote monitoring and mobile device support unit is used to support remote access and mobile device monitoring. Managers can view system status and warning information in real time through mobile terminals.

[0136] Specifically, the multi-sensor data fusion unit can integrate data from different types of sensors in real time to form a complete monitoring status view of infrastructure such as tunnels, roads, and bridges.

[0137] The unit integrates multiple monitoring data such as laser ranging data, displacement sensor data, and camera surveillance data to eliminate local errors or data gaps that may exist in a single sensor, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the overall system.

[0138] Technical points:

[0139] Data standardization: The data formats of different sensors may be different. The system first standardizes the data and converts all data into a unified format for subsequent processing and analysis.

[0140] Timing alignment: Ensure that data from different sources have the same time base. Synchronize asynchronous data from various sensors through timing alignment algorithms.

[0141] Workflow:

[0142] Data acquisition: The multi-sensor data fusion unit receives real-time data from various monitoring modules such as traffic monitoring, settlement monitoring, and deformation monitoring.

[0143] Data standardization and timing alignment: Sensor data is standardized and time-aligned to ensure data synchronization.

[0144] Data fusion: The system uses sensor data fusion algorithms to integrate the data from each monitoring module to form an overall structural health status.

[0145] The data analysis and trend prediction unit evaluates the structural health status by analyzing historical data and real-time data. The unit uses big data analysis technology and machine learning algorithms to identify the potential laws of structural changes and predict possible future settlement or structural deformation trends.

[0146] The system will analyze long-term monitoring data to determine trends. For example, the rate of change in ground subsidence and the cumulative effect of tunnel deformation can be predicted through machine learning models, and the system can identify potential risks in advance.

[0147] Technical points:

[0148] Machine learning model: Through supervised learning or unsupervised learning algorithms, the system can train models based on historical data to predict future trends of ground subsidence and structural deformation. Common algorithms include linear regression, time series models, decision trees or neural networks.

[0149] Big data analysis: By collecting a large amount of historical data, the system can analyze specific abnormal patterns. For example, when the traffic volume increases, the ground subsidence rate in certain specific areas will accelerate. Through data analysis, the prediction model can be optimized.

[0150] Calculation formula and model:

[0151] Subsidence trend prediction:

[0152] S future =f(S past ,R past ,T past )

[0153] Among them, S future is the future settlement, S past is the historical settlement, R past is the historical sedimentation rate, T past For time series, the model predicts future deformation or settlement by learning historical trends.

[0154] Training process of trend prediction model:

[0155] Using historical datasets, input ground subsidence, deformation data and time as features, and train the model to predict future data points.

[0156] Workflow:

[0157] Data input: The unit receives fused monitoring data.

[0158] Analysis and modeling: The system uses machine learning algorithms to model and analyze historical data and train predictive models.

[0159] Trend forecasting: Predict future trends based on models and identify potential risks in advance.

[0160] The early warning and emergency response unit is responsible for generating different levels of early warning information and launching corresponding emergency plans based on the results of real-time data analysis. When certain monitored indicators such as settlement, deformation, and traffic volume exceed the set safety threshold, the system will automatically trigger an early warning to prompt management personnel to check and handle.

[0161] The unit can trigger different emergency response measures according to the warning level:

[0162] Low-level warning: If the deformation and settlement are slightly beyond the normal range, the system will generate a report to remind management personnel to follow up and observe.

[0163] Intermediate warning: If the deformation speed increases or the ground sinks into the danger zone, the system will sound an alarm and recommend that management personnel intervene.

[0164] Advanced warning: If settlement or deformation that exceeds the standard is detected, the system will immediately activate emergency plans, which may include closing the tunnel, restricting traffic or issuing a red alert.

[0165] Intelligent early warning: The system flexibly adjusts the early warning level based on real-time data and forecast data to ensure that the early warning information is timely and accurate.

[0166] Initiation of emergency response plan: When the data feedback from certain sensors exceeds the set threshold, the system can automatically execute emergency plans, such as height limit adjustment, traffic diversion, emergency tunnel closure and other measures.

[0167] Please see attached Fig.11 , the system security and maintenance modules include:

[0168] Data backup and recovery unit, used to regularly back up and restore monitoring data;

[0169] Network security protection unit, used to protect the network security of the system;

[0170] System fault tolerance and redundancy unit is used to realize the backup of key components through redundant design.

[0171] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent road bridge tunnel monitoring system, wherein the tunnel is located in a mountain (1), and arch frames (2) are installed at both ends of the tunnel, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two arch frames (2) are both installed with crossbeams (3), the top of each crossbeam (3) is installed with a camera device (4), the outer walls of each crossbeam (3) are both installed with fixed seats (5), the bottom of each fixed seat (5) is installed with an electric telescopic rod (6), the driving end of each electric telescopic rod (6) is installed with a connecting frame (7), the middle of the two connecting frames (7) is installed with a blocking rod (8), the inside of the blocking rod (8) is installed with an adaptive component, the adaptive component is used to monitor in real time whether the arch frame (2) is deformed, a mounting beam (17) is installed between the two arch frames (2), the mounting beam (17) is installed on the top of the tunnel in the mountain (1) through a plurality of mounting frames (23), a plurality of distance measuring components are installed on the mounting beam (17), the distance measuring components are used to monitor the settlement of the tunnel ground in the mountain (1), and the data monitored by the camera device (4), the adaptive component and the distance measuring component are all transmitted to a central processing system for processing.

2. The intelligent road bridge and tunnel monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive component comprises a spring (9), wherein the spring (9) is arranged in the barrier rod (8), and both ends of the spring (9) are connected to a movable plate (10), and the other ends of the two movable plates (10) are installed with a movable rod (11), and the other end of each movable rod (11) is rotatably provided with an anti-friction ball (12), and both sides of the inner wall of the arch frame (2) are provided with a slide groove (16), and the outer side of the anti-friction ball (12) on the corresponding side contacts the inner wall of the slide groove (16) on the corresponding side, and the outer wall of the barrier rod (8) is connected and provided with two monitoring components.

3. The intelligent road bridge and tunnel monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two monitoring components each comprise a protective cover (13), the two protective covers (13) being connected to the interior of the blocking rod (8), the inner walls of the two protective covers (13) being installed with a displacement sensor (15), and the outer wall of each movable plate (10) being installed with a reflection plate (14), the outside of the reflection plate (14) sliding inside the protective cover (13).

4. The intelligent road bridge and tunnel monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of distance measuring assemblies each comprise a mounting seat (18), the plurality of mounting seats (18) being arranged at equal distances on a mounting beam (17), a motor (19) being mounted on each mounting seat (18), a laser distance meter (20) being fixed to a driving end of the motor (19), a stabilizing rod (21) being rotatably mounted on an outer wall of the laser distance meter (20), the other end of the stabilizing rod (21) being rotatably mounted on the mounting seat (18), and a glass bead reflective coating area (22) being smeared laterally at a position corresponding to each laser distance meter (20) on the tunnel floor within the mountain (1).

5. A central processing system, characterized in that Used in conjunction with an intelligent road bridge and tunnel monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 above, comprising: The vehicle flow monitoring and height limit control module is used to monitor the vehicle flow entering the tunnel in real time, identify the vehicle type and height, and dynamically adjust the height limit device according to the actual conditions of the tunnel; Ground subsidence monitoring and analysis module, used to monitor and analyze the subsidence of the tunnel ground; Tunnel entrance deformation monitoring and analysis module, used to monitor and analyze the deformation of the tunnel entrance structure; Central control and data processing module, used to integrate and process data from multiple monitoring modules, generate real-time system status reports and warning information, and support remote monitoring and emergency response; System security and maintenance module, used to ensure system security, data integrity and fault tolerance.

6. The central processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vehicle flow monitoring and height limit control module includes: A camera monitoring unit, used to capture vehicle flow information in real time through a camera device (4); The height limit control unit is used to automatically control the raising and lowering of the height limit device, and prevent vehicles that do not meet the height limit requirements from entering according to the vehicle height and tunnel conditions; Traffic flow data analysis unit, used to analyze traffic flow data, count traffic density, flow and speed, and provide feedback on traffic conditions; The warning and prompting unit is used to display height limit information to the driver and remind the driver of the current height limit and traffic information through the LED screen or voice prompts.

7. The central processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The land subsidence monitoring and analysis module includes: A laser distance measuring unit, used for the laser distance measuring device (20) to measure the settlement of the tunnel ground; The subsidence analysis and early warning unit is used to analyze ground subsidence trends and trigger early warnings.

8. The central processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tunnel entrance deformation monitoring and analysis module includes: A deformation data acquisition unit, used to collect deformation data through a displacement sensor (15), collect the displacement data of the tunnel entrance and transmit it to a central control system for analysis; The deformation analysis and early warning unit is used to analyze the deformation of the tunnel entrance and trigger an early warning. When the deformation exceeds the threshold, an early warning message is automatically issued.

9. The central processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central control and data processing module includes: Multi-sensor data fusion unit is used to integrate data from various sensors and uniformly process data from multiple monitoring modules such as vehicle flow, ground subsidence, and deformation; Data analysis and trend prediction unit, used to analyze historical and real-time data, and predict future ground subsidence or structural deformation trends through big data analysis and machine learning technology; Early warning and emergency response unit, used to trigger different levels of early warning and initiate emergency response plans; The remote monitoring and mobile device support unit is used to support remote access and mobile device monitoring. Managers can view system status and warning information in real time through mobile terminals.

10. The central processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system security and maintenance module includes: Data backup and recovery unit, used to regularly back up and restore monitoring data; Network security protection unit, used to protect the network security of the system; System fault tolerance and redundancy unit is used to realize the backup of key components through redundant design.

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