Three-dimensional geological model construction method based on multi-source data fusion

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional geologic modeling, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional geologic model construction method based on multi-source data fusion, and the method comprises the steps: 1, extracting drilling data, and constructing a drilling database; 2, constructing a topographic and geomorphic surface model, and completing the fusion of topographic and geomorphic data and drilling data; 3, coupling information of strata, rock mass, fracture, ore body and the like, and constructing a geologic body comprehensive model; 4, extracting geophysical and geochemical data, and constructing a geophysical model and a geochemical model; and 5, coupling the borehole database, the landform surface model, the geologic body comprehensive model and the geophysical model, and constructing a multi-source data fused three-dimensional geologic model. The method improves the accuracy and precision of the three-dimensional geologic model, improves the data processing and analysis speed, improves the data analysis capability and depth, provides technical support for uranium resource potential analysis and prediction exploration, and guides uranium exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional geological modeling, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional geological model construction method based on multi-source data fusion. Background Art

[0002] The construction of a three-dimensional geological model is an advanced technical method that combines computer technology and mathematics to display different geological bodies, geological structures and their spatial distribution in 3D. It can express the spatial distribution and geological morphological characteristics of various geological bodies underground in uranium deposits, which is conducive to further deep prospecting.

[0003] In recent years, 3D modeling and visualization technology has been studied and initially applied in 3D vector topology modeling, 3D complex geological body modeling, etc. As 3D modeling technology becomes more and more sophisticated, the accuracy of the model is increasingly valued. The accuracy of models built from single data sources such as geological mapping data modeling, drilling data modeling, 3D seismic data modeling, and profile data modeling can no longer meet the needs of exploration. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion, which constructs a three-dimensional geological model by fusing multi-source data such as geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration, remote sensing, drilling, etc., reflecting the spatial distribution characteristics of various geological bodies in the study area, and through three-dimensional spatial analysis technology, improves the integration and analysis capabilities of multi-information spatial data such as uranium resources, improves the spatial expression and comprehensive analysis technology system of uranium resources, and realizes a refined analysis of uranium resource potential. This method improves the accuracy and precision of the three-dimensional geological model, while improving the speed of data processing and analysis, and also improves the ability and depth of data analysis, providing technical support for uranium resource potential analysis and predictive exploration, and guiding uranium mine exploration.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:

[0006] A method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion, the method comprising:

[0007] Step 1, extract drilling data and build drilling database;

[0008] Step 2: construct a terrain model and integrate terrain data with drilling data;

[0009] Step 3, coupling the information of strata, rock mass, faults, ore bodies, etc., to construct a comprehensive geological model;

[0010] Step 4, extracting geophysical and geochemical data, and constructing geophysical and geochemical models;

[0011] Step 5, coupling the borehole database, topographic surface model, geological body comprehensive model, and geophysical model to construct a three-dimensional geological model integrating multi-source data.

[0012] The step 1 specifically includes: collecting modeling data of the study area, digitizing the data, spatially converting the data, extracting drilling data information, and building a drilling database; after the drilling database is built, uploading the data into the database.

[0013] The modeling data of the study area collected in step 1 include drilling data, profiles, and geological maps; the extracted drilling data information includes drilling data positioning, inclination measurement, and lithology information; the constructed drilling database includes positioning tables, inclination measurement tables, lithology tables, and grade analysis tables.

[0014] The step 2 is specifically as follows: loading the terrain file of the study area through the three-dimensional modeling software, discretizing the contour lines, and generating a scatter point file; fitting the terrain boundary lines in the curve according to the distribution form of the discrete points; constructing the surface with similar triangular meshes through the boundary lines and discrete points in the file; using the mapping function of the modeling software to realize the fitting of irregular triangulated networks and remote sensing images, and establishing a terrain and geomorphic surface model of the study area; importing the data in the constructed drilling database into the modeling software respectively, and completing the fusion of terrain and geomorphic data and drilling data.

[0015] In step 2, when constructing a curved surface with similar triangular meshes through boundary lines and discrete points, for areas where the terrain surface does not match the original control points well, corresponding control points can be added and then local discrete interpolation can be performed for smoothing, which can be repeated many times until it meets the actual terrain undulations and the smoothness requirements achieved by the software.

[0016] The step 3 is specifically as follows: using 3D modeling software, activating the structural modeling module to establish a stratigraphic column grid, loading the layer data, and defining the contact relationship between each layer, and loading the lithology layering data in the constructed drilling database as modeling data; loading the fault data to be modeled, and defining the fault classification, fault surface attitude and the distance between the primary and secondary faults; obtaining the scope of structural modeling; selecting the unit for which a geological model needs to be established, setting the plane grid size and the vertical grid size, and generating a geological model; converting the rock layer data into several contacting layers, defining the layer type, and generating a rock model through the 3D modeling software; selecting the ore body file through the 3D modeling software to generate a geological ore body model; integrating the geological model, the rock body model, and the ore body model to construct a comprehensive geological model.

[0017] The scope of constructing modeling in step 3 can be obtained through various data types, or by defining a planar modeling scope and a vertical modeling scope, and selecting the top and bottom surface constraints in the defined vertical extension to obtain the Z direction scope.

[0018] The step 4 is specifically as follows: in the three-dimensional modeling software, based on the discrete smooth interpolation algorithm, the audio frequency magnetotelluric sounding method AMT inverted apparent resistivity three-dimensional point cloud data model is used for three-dimensional grid processing to obtain the AMT inverted apparent resistivity three-dimensional grid data model, that is, the geophysical model; the chemical elements in the study area are quantitatively explored and analyzed, and the discretized data required for the chemical elements are established by the lithological interpolation method, and the variogram analysis is performed at the same time to establish the geochemical model.

[0019] The step 5 is specifically as follows: using the borehole database constructed in step 1 to refine and modify the comprehensive geological model constructed in step 3 to maintain model consistency, and combining the topographic surface model constructed in step 2 to make the surface undulation and spatial distribution of underground elements of the entire model more intuitive, and the geophysical model and geochemical model constructed in step 4 are mutually verified, analyzed, and comprehensively interpreted with the previous data model to form a three-dimensional geological model with multi-source data fusion.

[0020] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides a three-dimensional geological model construction method based on multi-source data fusion. The three-dimensional model constructed based on multi-source data such as geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration, remote sensing, drilling, etc. has high accuracy. The modeling elements are extracted by making full use of various types of data, and the multi-source data are comprehensively interpreted and mutually verified. The constructed three-dimensional model has high accuracy, providing accurate and effective technical support for mineral exploration.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides a method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion, which breaks through the technology of constructing a three-dimensional model using single-source data. The three-dimensional model constructed using multi-source data fusion has better accuracy and can be applied to fields with high data requirements such as drilling site selection and quantitative prediction, which is conducive to further mineral exploration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of constructing a borehole database in a study area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the topographic surface model and the borehole fusion of the study area in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A three-dimensional comprehensive geological model diagram of the study area in the embodiment of the present invention (partially translucent);

[0027] Figure 5 A geophysical three-dimensional geological model diagram of the study area in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a detailed three-dimensional model diagram of the multi-source data fusion of the study area in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 1, extract drilling data and build drilling database;

[0032] Collect the data needed for modeling the study area, including borehole data, profiles, geological maps, etc., digitize the data, convert them spatially, and extract the borehole data positioning, inclination, and lithology information. Establish a borehole database structure, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the borehole database is mainly composed of positioning tables, inclinometer tables, lithology tables, grade analysis tables and other table files. After the borehole database is built, the data is uploaded to the database, laying the foundation for the data extraction required for the later three-dimensional geological model construction.

[0033] Step 2: construct a terrain model and integrate terrain data with drilling data;

[0034] The terrain file of the study area is loaded through the SKUA-GOCAD 3D modeling software, and the contour lines are discretized under the operating software function to generate a scatter point file. The terrain boundary line is fitted in the curve according to the distribution of discrete points, and the fitting accuracy is adjusted according to the actual terrain conditions in the modeling range. Then, the surface is constructed in the file with similar triangular meshes through the boundary lines and discrete points. For areas where the terrain surface does not match the original control points well, the corresponding control points can be added, and then local discrete interpolation is performed for smoothing (DSI), which is repeated many times until it meets the actual terrain undulations and the smoothness requirements achieved by the software. Then, the mapping function of the modeling software is used to achieve the fitting of the irregular triangulated network (TIN) and the remote sensing image to construct the terrain and geomorphological surface model of the study area, such as Figure 3 The data in the borehole database constructed in step 1 are respectively imported into the modeling software to complete the fusion of topographic data and borehole data.

[0035] Step 3, coupling the information of strata, rock mass, faults, ore bodies, etc., to construct a comprehensive geological model;

[0036] The semi-automatic modeling process provided by SKUA-GOCAD 3D modeling software is used to establish a geological structure model to simulate the spatial distribution, position and relationship of the stratigraphic or fault planes.

[0037] First, activate the structural modeling module to establish a stratigraphic column grid, load the layer data, and define the contact relationship between each layer. At the same time, load the lithology layer data in the borehole database constructed in step 1 as modeling data; secondly, load the fault data that needs to be modeled, and define the fault classification, fault surface attitude, and the distance between the main and secondary faults; finally, you can obtain the scope of structural modeling through a variety of data types, or you can define the plane modeling range and the vertical modeling range by yourself, and select the top and bottom surface constraints in the defined vertical extension Z direction range. After the data is loaded and the parameters are set, the geological model is established, the unit for which the geological model needs to be established is selected, and the plane grid size and the vertical grid size are set to generate the geological model.

[0038] When constructing the rock mass, it is necessary to split the rock mass line, convert the rock layer data into several contacting layers, define the layer type, that is, the principle of simplifying the processing of complex data, and establish the rock mass model through the semi-automatic function of the software. At this time, the rock mass model is a solid model that can fully show the irregular state of the rock mass.

[0039] The ore body model can be generated by selecting the ore body file through the closed line connection function in the software module to generate the geological ore body model.

[0040] At this time, the coupling of borehole, surface, stratum, rock mass, fault, ore body and other information completes the comprehensive geological model with stratum-structure as the theme, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0041] Step 4: Extract geophysical and geochemical data and build geophysical and geochemical models

[0042] In the 3D modeling software system, based on the discrete smooth interpolation (DSI) algorithm, the audio magnetotelluric sounding (AMT) inverted apparent resistivity 3D point cloud data model is processed into 3D grids to obtain the AMT inverted apparent resistivity 3D grid data model, i.e., the geophysical model. Figure 5 shown.

[0043] The chemical elements in the study area are quantitatively explored and analyzed, and the discretized data required for chemical elements are established using the lithology interpolation method. At the same time, variogram analysis is performed to establish a geochemical model.

[0044] The comprehensive geological model in step 3 is combined with the geophysical model and geochemical model to achieve the purpose of data fusion analysis, comprehensive interpretation and data mutual verification.

[0045] The elements of the geophysical 3D model and the geochemical 3D model can be displayed simultaneously in the comprehensive model of the geological body, so as to realize data fusion analysis. Based on the display results of different types of data in the same space and combined with the actual geological conditions of the modeling area, a comprehensive interpretation of the area can be achieved. At the same time, data mutual verification analysis can be performed on geological phenomena, so that the model construction of the modeling area is more accurate.

[0046] Step 5, coupling the borehole database, topographic surface model, geological body comprehensive model, and geophysical model of steps 1 to 4 to construct a three-dimensional geological model with multi-source data fusion.

[0047] The borehole database constructed in step 1 is used to refine and modify the comprehensive geological model constructed in step 3 (the lithology stratification information in the borehole database is presented by borehole, which is more detailed, and the local undulation of the geological model can be refined and modified to be more in line with the actual spatial distribution of the geological body), and the model consistency is maintained. At the same time, combined with the topographic and geomorphic surface model constructed in step 2, the surface undulation of the entire model and the spatial distribution of various geological elements underground are more intuitive (the topographic and geomorphic model and various underground geological bodies are now in actual three-dimensional spatial distribution, and these elements can be clearly and intuitively displayed by selecting the software). The geophysical model and geochemical model constructed in step 4 are mutually verified, analyzed, and comprehensively interpreted with the previous data model to form a three-dimensional geological model fused with multi-source data, such as Figure 6 The constructed 3D visualization model with multi-source data fusion can be cut in any direction and angle for detailed observation and analysis.

[0048] The present invention is described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the field without departing from the purpose of the present invention. The contents not described in detail in the present invention can adopt the existing technology.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step 1, extract drilling data and build drilling database; Step 2: construct a terrain model and integrate terrain data with drilling data; Step 3, coupling the information of strata, rock mass, faults, ore bodies, etc., to construct a comprehensive geological model; Step 4, extracting geophysical and geochemical data, and constructing geophysical and geochemical models; Step 5, coupling the borehole database, topographic surface model, geological body comprehensive model, and geophysical model to construct a three-dimensional geological model integrating multi-source data.

2. A method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 1 specifically includes: collecting modeling data of the study area, digitizing the data, spatially converting the data, extracting drilling data information, and building a drilling database; after the drilling database is built, uploading the data into the database.

3. A method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The modeling data of the study area collected in step 1 include drilling data, profiles, and geological maps; the extracted drilling data information includes drilling data positioning, inclination measurement, and lithology information; the constructed drilling database includes positioning tables, inclination measurement tables, lithology tables, and grade analysis tables.

4. The method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 is specifically as follows: loading the terrain file of the study area through the three-dimensional modeling software, discretizing the contour lines, and generating a scatter point file; fitting the terrain boundary lines in the curve according to the distribution form of the discrete points; constructing the surface with similar triangular meshes through the boundary lines and discrete points in the file; using the mapping function of the modeling software to realize the fitting of irregular triangulated networks and remote sensing images, and establishing a terrain and geomorphic surface model of the study area; importing the data in the constructed drilling database into the modeling software respectively, and completing the fusion of terrain and geomorphic data and drilling data.

5. A method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 2, when constructing a curved surface with similar triangular meshes through boundary lines and discrete points, for areas where the terrain surface does not match the original control points well, corresponding control points can be added and then local discrete interpolation can be performed for smoothing, which can be repeated many times until it meets the actual terrain undulations and the smoothness requirements achieved by the software.

6. The method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 3 is specifically as follows: using the 3D modeling software, activating the structural modeling module to establish a stratigraphic column grid, loading the layer data, and defining the contact relationship between each layer, and loading the lithology layering data in the constructed drilling database as modeling data; loading the fault data to be modeled, and defining the fault classification, fault plane occurrence and the distance between the primary and secondary faults; and obtaining the scope of structural modeling; Select the unit for which geological model needs to be established, set the plane grid size and vertical grid size, and generate the geological model; convert the rock layer data into several contacting layers, define the layer type, and generate the rock model through 3D modeling software; select the ore body file through 3D modeling software to generate the geological ore body model; integrate the geological model, rock body model, and ore body model to construct a comprehensive geological model.

7. A method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 6, characterized in that: The scope of constructing modeling in step 3 can be obtained through various data types, or by defining a planar modeling scope and a vertical modeling scope, and selecting the top and bottom surface constraints in the defined vertical extension to obtain the Z direction scope.

8. The method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 4 is specifically as follows: in the three-dimensional modeling software, based on the discrete smooth interpolation algorithm, the audio frequency magnetotelluric sounding method AMT inverted apparent resistivity three-dimensional point cloud data model is used for three-dimensional grid processing to obtain the AMT inverted apparent resistivity three-dimensional grid data model, that is, the geophysical model; the chemical elements in the study area are quantitatively explored and analyzed, and the discretized data required for the chemical elements are established by the lithological interpolation method, and the variogram analysis is performed at the same time to establish the geochemical model.

9. The method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 5 is specifically as follows: using the borehole database constructed in step 1 to refine and modify the comprehensive geological model constructed in step 3 to maintain model consistency, and combining the topographic surface model constructed in step 2 to make the surface undulation and spatial distribution of underground elements of the entire model more intuitive, and the geophysical model and geochemical model constructed in step 4 are mutually verified, analyzed, and comprehensively interpreted with the previous data model to form a three-dimensional geological model with multi-source data fusion.

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