Transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B signals

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication and microwave antennas, and particularly discloses a transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) signals, which comprises a phase delayer and is formed by matching a miniaturized coplanar waveguide feed inverted F transparent antenna and a coplanar waveguide feed bent line transparent antenna. The substrates of the two antennas are transparent acrylic substrates, and the antenna body structure and the grounding plate are made of an extremely fine metal grid structure used by film photoetching, so that the transparency of the antennas is ensured by the method. According to the invention, 83% of optical transparency in the working bandwidth can be realized, 1090MHz aircraft ADS-B signals can be received, the structure is simple, the size is small, the weight is light, and the concealment is strong.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication and microwave antenna, and in particular to a transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B signals. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, ADS-B has gradually become the main means of air surveillance in the civil aviation field and has been widely used around the world. The ADS-B information broadcast by civil aircraft in the airspace includes its identification number, location and altitude, as well as additional information such as speed and flight direction. It has the characteristics of a large number of targets, high accuracy, and easy information acquisition.

[0003] At present, most ADS-B antennas on the market are rod-shaped fiberglass antennas, which are large and bulky, limiting the application scenarios of ADS-B signal receivers. By using transparent antenna technology, the antenna is integrated on a transparent material to make a light-transmitting window, making it almost imperceptible to the naked eye. The antenna with electromagnetic detection function can be easily integrated into the appearance of the device, providing excellent concealment. The detection antennas used in the traditional "ADS-B + optical" detection system are all networking ADS-B antennas and photoelectric antennas. In essence, they still use two independent types of antennas to work separately. Therefore, they often have the disadvantages of large size, heavy weight, high power consumption, and poor equipment working coordination. Because the transparent ADS-B antenna has the characteristics of transparency, when ADS-B is integrated with optical detection means, an "ADS-B + optical" composite detection system can be built on the same main axis. The coaxial integration of optical detection and ADS-B antenna equipment can realize the integrated collaborative design of radar detection and optical detection systems, ensuring that the ADS-B and optical detection capabilities are maximized while obtaining a compact and reasonable integrated composite detection system, providing hardware support for the detection system to collect high-quality radar data and image data, and optimizing the layout of the detection system, reducing the size and weight of the equipment, and facilitating installation and maintenance. This is especially important for mobile and miniaturized application scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to design an ADS-B antenna that is small in size, highly concealed, has good coordination with optical equipment, and has good signal reception capabilities, which can greatly broaden the application scope of ADS-B signal antennas. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B signals in view of the shortcomings of existing ADS-B antennas, which are large and unsuitable for integration with optical equipment. By designing a group of coplanar waveguide-fed transparent antennas, the antenna is planarized and miniaturized, the layout of the detection system is optimized, the size and weight of the equipment are reduced, and coaxial integration and maintenance with optical equipment are convenient, thereby broadening the application range of ADS-B signal antennas.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna, comprising a first antenna floor, a first antenna body and a first dielectric substrate, wherein the first antenna floor and the first antenna body are both closely attached to the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate;

[0008] The first antenna body includes a trapezoidal feeding patch, an antenna grounding line and an antenna radiation strip line; the antenna radiation strip line and the antenna grounding line are connected to the trapezoidal feeding patch to form a basic structure of an inverted F antenna body; the antenna radiation strip line is bent twice and is parallel to the first antenna floor to save space and realize miniaturization, and at the same time, a gap between the antenna grounding line and the antenna radiation strip line forms a capacitive coupling, and the antenna grounding line is used to increase the inductive balanced input impedance, and the first antenna body is evolved from a monopole antenna, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional;

[0009] The first antenna floor and the first antenna body are both made of metal mesh material;

[0010] The first dielectric substrate is rectangular, and comprises, from top to bottom, a first metal grid PET film layer, a first optical adhesive layer and a first acrylic dielectric substrate.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the antenna radiation strip line is bent twice, and the total length is 0.239λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the antenna ground wire is bent once, with a long side of 0.149λ and a short side of 0.018λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the short bottom side of the trapezoidal feeding patch is 0.007λ, and the long bottom side is 0.051λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the first antenna floor is a rectangular ring-shaped strip line with a notch at the bottom, the long side of the rectangle is about 0.396λ, the short side is about 0.051λ, the notch length is about 0.109λ, and λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the long side of the first dielectric substrate is 0.49λ, the short side is 0.145λ, λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz, and the material is acrylic with a relative dielectric constant of 2.8.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna, comprising a second antenna floor, a second antenna body and a second dielectric substrate; the second antenna floor comprises two connected and symmetrical pattern structures, the second antenna floor is attached to both sides of the second antenna body, and is used to improve impedance matching and adjust the antenna standing wave ratio; the second antenna body is miniaturized by thinning and bending; the second antenna body is evolved from a monopole antenna, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional;

[0017] The second antenna body comprises a trapezoidal feeding strip line and an antenna radiation meander line; the trapezoidal feeding strip line is thinned and gradually changed, and the antenna radiation meander line uses a meander line structure, so as to miniaturize the antenna;

[0018] The second antenna floor and the second antenna body are both made of metal mesh material;

[0019] The second dielectric substrate includes, from top to bottom, a second metal mesh PET film layer, a second optical adhesive layer, and a second acrylic dielectric substrate.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the antenna radiation meander line is bent 25 times, with a total length of 1.622λ, a long side of the meander line of 0.105λ, and a short side of 0.025λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the short base of the trapezoidal feeding strip line is 0.005λ, the long base is 0.036λ, and the height is 0.301λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, the second antenna floor is a symmetrical structure of two right-angled trapezoids, the short base length of the right-angled trapezoid is 0.120λ, the long base length is 0.309λ, and the height is 0.036 Lambda. The fine gap between the second antenna floor and the trapezoidal feeding strip line is 0.004λ, and the coarse gap is 0.016λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution, the long side of the second dielectric substrate is 0.283λ, the short side is 0.149λ, λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz, and the material is acrylic with a relative dielectric constant of 2.8.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B signals, including the coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna as described in the first aspect and the coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna as described in the second aspect.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention proposes a group of transparent antennas for receiving ADS-B signals, which are small in size, highly concealed, and well coordinated with optical equipment, and have good signal receiving capabilities. The radiation strips of the two antennas have undergone some bends, and the volume is much smaller than the traditional ADS-B rod-shaped fiberglass antenna, which realizes the miniaturization of the ADS-B antenna. The optical transparency principle of the antenna is to select transparent materials to make the antenna (acrylic substrate, OCA optical glue, PET metal grid film). The antenna can also be attached to dielectric substrates of different shapes and different curvatures according to actual application needs, so as to facilitate the use of transparent characteristics and other optical equipment to integrate and build a composite detection system. Both the inverted F antenna and the meander line antenna are omnidirectional antennas, and the directional patterns are perpendicular to the plane of the dielectric substrate. The two antennas are arranged vertically to make the antenna directional patterns complementary, which can have a strong signal receiving capability in the entire spherical space, and the signal receiving angle is wider than that of the traditional ADS-B antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 A dimensioning diagram of a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 An S11 parameter curve of an inverted-F antenna in an ADS-B antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 A radiation pattern of an inverted-F antenna in an ADS-B antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention when Φ=90° and Φ=0°.

[0032] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 A dimensioning diagram of a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7The S11 parameter curve of the coplanar waveguide meander line antenna in the ADS-B antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the coplanar waveguide meander line antenna in the ADS-B antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 1. First antenna floor; 201. Trapezoidal feed patch; 202. Antenna ground wire; 203. Antenna radiation strip line; 2. First antenna body; 3. First dielectric substrate; 3-1. First metal mesh PET film layer; 3-2. First optical adhesive layer; 3-3. First acrylic dielectric substrate; 4. Second antenna floor; 5. Second antenna body; 501. Trapezoidal feed strip line; 502. Antenna radiation bend line; 6. Second dielectric substrate; 6-1. Second metal mesh PET film layer; 6-2. Second optical adhesive layer; 6-3. Second acrylic dielectric substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted F transparent antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention provides a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted F transparent antenna, which places the ground plate and the antenna body on the same side of the dielectric plate through a coplanar waveguide structure to achieve higher transparency and integration. The inverted F antenna realizes the miniaturization of the ADS-B monopole antenna; the antenna is integrated on a transparent acrylic dielectric substrate, and the antenna body and the ground plate are meshed at the micrometer scale using a metal mesh. Figure 1 As shown, the coplanar waveguide fed inverted F transparent antenna includes a first antenna floor 1, a first antenna body 2 and a first dielectric substrate 3, and the first antenna floor 1 and the first antenna body 2 are both closely attached to the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 3; the first antenna body 2 includes a trapezoidal feeding patch 201, an antenna grounding line 202 and an antenna radiation strip line 203; the antenna radiation strip line 203 and the antenna grounding line 202 are connected with the feeding strip line 201 to form the basic structure of the inverted F antenna body; the antenna radiation strip line 203 is bent twice, and the main body is parallel to the first antenna floor 1 to save space and realize miniaturization, and at the same time, the gap between the parallel strip lines forms capacitive coupling, and the antenna grounding line 202 increases the inductive balanced input impedance, and the impedance matching of the antenna is mainly achieved by adjusting the length of the antenna grounding line 202. The first antenna body 2 is evolved from a monopole antenna, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional like the monopole antenna; the first antenna floor 1 and the first antenna body 2 are made of metal mesh material; the first dielectric substrate 3 is rectangular, and includes, from top to bottom, a first metal mesh PET film layer 3-1, a first optical adhesive layer 3-2, and a first acrylic dielectric substrate 3-3. The dielectric material is acrylic, with a relative dielectric constant of 2.8 and a dielectric plate thickness of 4 mm.

[0044] In some embodiments, the antenna radiation strip line 203 is bent twice, and the total length is about 0.239λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz. The length of the antenna radiation strip line 203 is the main factor affecting the antenna operating center frequency. By adjusting the length of the antenna radiation strip line 203, the antenna center frequency can be adjusted to the frequency band of the ADS-B signal, that is, 1090MHz.

[0045] In some embodiments, the antenna ground line 202 is bent once, and the long side is about 0.149λ, and the short side is about 0.018λ.

[0046] In some embodiments, the short base of the trapezoidal feed patch 201 is about 0.007λ, and the long base is about 0.051λ.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first antenna floor 1 is a rectangular loop strip line with a notch at the bottom, the long side of the rectangle is about 0.396λ, the short side is about 0.051λ, and the length of the notch is about 0.109λ.

[0048] In some embodiments, the long side of the first dielectric substrate 3 is approximately 0.49λ, the short side is approximately 0.145λ, λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz, and the material is acrylic with a relative dielectric constant of 2.8.

[0049] The first inverted F antenna body 2 and the first antenna floor 1 are on the same layer of the first dielectric substrate 3, and a metal mesh is used to design and manufacture the metal material area to achieve the transparency of the antenna. The size of the metal mesh affects the radiation efficiency and transparency of the transparent antenna. The larger the mesh size, the higher the transparency but the radiation efficiency will decrease, and the smaller the size, the lower the transparency but the radiation efficiency increases. A transparent metal mesh material with a square resistance of 0.1Ω / □ is preferably used, and its transparency can theoretically reach about 83%.

[0050] The rectangular frame with a notch outside the inverted F antenna is the first antenna floor 1. The width of the long side of the rectangle is wider than the inverted F antenna radiation microstrip. Increasing the width of the long side can bring a wider impedance matching bandwidth, and the width is selected to be about 0.016 wavelengths. The miniaturized design adopted by the inverted F antenna is to bend the antenna radiation strip 203 through the small trapezoidal feeding patch 201, so that the radiation strip line is parallel to the first antenna floor 1, and the antenna capacitive impedance is increased. Therefore, an antenna ground line 202 is derived from the trapezoidal feeding patch 201 to increase the antenna inductance, and the antenna impedance matching performance is adjusted by changing the length of the antenna ground line 202.

[0051] In some embodiments, Figure 2 The dimensioning diagram of a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the first dielectric substrate 3 is rectangular, and the width of the rectangle is W. D1 =39.32mm, length L D1 =134.50mm. The first antenna floor 1 is a rectangular loop with a notch at the bottom. The long side L G1 =109.00mm, short side L G2 =14.00mm, floor strip line L on the left side of the notch G3 =17.60mm, right floor strip line L G4 =61.60mm. Feeding is performed through the upper bottom edge of the trapezoidal feeding patch 201, wherein the upper bottom edge W S1 =2.00mm, bottom edge W S2=13.00mm, trapezoid height H S =7.00mm; A ground wire is drawn from the trapezoidal waist to increase the antenna inductive impedance and balance the capacitive impedance of the antenna radiation strip parallel to the floor due to the miniaturization of the antenna, so as to obtain better impedance matching characteristics. The long side length of the ground wire is L g1 =41.45mm, the short side length is L g2 =4.60mm. The antenna radiation strip line 203 is led out from the bottom edge of the trapezoidal feed patch 201. The bending of the antenna radiation strip line 203 provides space for miniaturization design. The center frequency of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the total length of the antenna radiation strip line 203. The length of the first section of the antenna radiation strip line 203 is L a1 =54.00mm, the length of the second section is L a2 =6.10mm, the length of the third section is L a3 =12.00mm; the antenna ground wire, the antenna radiation strip line 203 and the first antenna ground plane 1 have the same width as the thinner strip line, which is W G2 =1.50mm, the first antenna floor 1 has a thicker strip line W G1 =3.00mm.

[0052] Figure 3 is an S11 parameter curve of an inverted F antenna in an ADS-B antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention, from Figure 3 It can be seen that the operating frequency band less than -10dB is 1.058~1.109GHz, and the 1090MHz ADS-B antenna signal can be received;

[0053] Figure 4 is a radiation pattern of an inverted F antenna in an ADS-B antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention when Φ=90° and Φ=0°, from Figure 4 It can be seen that the antenna radiation direction is omnidirectional and the maximum gain is 3.54dB.

[0054] Embodiment 2:

[0055] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention provides a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna, which places the ground plate and the antenna body on the same side of the dielectric plate through a coplanar waveguide structure to achieve higher transparency and integration. The meander line antenna realizes the miniaturization of the ADS-B monopole antenna. Specifically, Figure 5As shown, the miniaturized coplanar waveguide fed meander line transparent antenna includes a second antenna floor 4, a second antenna body 5 and a second dielectric substrate 6; the second antenna floor 4 is approximately two symmetrical right-angle trapezoids attached to the two sides of the second antenna body 5 to improve impedance matching and adjust the antenna standing wave ratio; the second antenna body 5 is first thinned and gradually changed, and further bent to achieve miniaturization; the second antenna body 5 is evolved from a monopole antenna, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional like the monopole antenna; the second antenna body 5 includes a trapezoidal feeding strip line 501, an antenna radiation meander line 502, and a trapezoidal feeding strip line 501; the trapezoidal feeding strip line 501 is thinned and gradually changed, and the antenna radiation meander line 502 uses a meander line structure to miniaturize the antenna; the second antenna floor 4 and the second antenna body 5 are made of metal grid material; the second dielectric substrate 6 is rectangular, and includes, from top to bottom, a second metal grid PET film layer 6-1, a second optical adhesive layer 6-2, and a second acrylic dielectric substrate 6-3.

[0056] In some embodiments, the antenna radiation meander line 502 is bent 25 times, with a total length of about 1.622λ, a long side of the meander line of about 0.105λ, and a short side of about 0.025λ. The antenna radiation meander line 502 is bent multiple times to effectively reduce the size of the antenna, making it more compact than a traditional ADS-B antenna. At the same time, the length of the radiation meander line 502 is the main factor affecting the antenna center frequency. By adjusting the length of the antenna radiation meander line 502, the antenna center frequency can be adjusted to the frequency band of the ADS-B signal, that is, 1090MHz.

[0057] In some embodiments, the short base of the trapezoidal feed strip line 501 is about 0.005λ, the long base is about 0.036λ, and the height is about 0.301λ.

[0058] In some embodiments, the second antenna floor 4 is a symmetrical structure of two right-angled trapezoids, the short bottom side of the right-angled trapezoid is about 0.120λ, the long bottom side is about 0.309λ, and the height is about 0.036λ. The fine gap between the second antenna floor 4 and the trapezoidal feeding strip line 501 is about 0.004λ, and the coarse gap is about 0.016λ. The bottom length of the right-angled trapezoidal patch of the second antenna floor 4 is adjusted to adjust the antenna impedance matching, and finally the short bottom length is about 0.120λ and the long bottom length is about 0.309λ to achieve the best impedance matching bandwidth.

[0059] In some embodiments, the second dielectric substrate 6 has a long side of about 0.283λ, a short side of about 0.149λ, and is made of acrylic with a relative dielectric constant of 2.8.

[0060] The second antenna body 5 of the coplanar waveguide bending line and the second antenna floor 4 are on the same layer of the second dielectric substrate 6, and a metal mesh is used to design and manufacture the metal material area to achieve the transparency of the antenna. The size of the metal mesh affects the radiation efficiency and transparency of the transparent antenna. The larger the mesh size, the higher the transparency but the radiation efficiency will decrease, and the smaller the size, the lower the transparency but the radiation efficiency increases. A transparent metal mesh material with a square resistance of 0.1Ω / □ is preferably used, and its transparency can theoretically reach about 83%.

[0061] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 5 The metal parts of the two antennas shown are meshed, and the meshing process is as follows: draw a transparent antenna structure pattern, and print the transparent antenna structure pattern on a film to make a film mask; a photosensitive dry film is attached to the surface of the transparent metal mesh conductive film and exposed; after the exposure is completed, the metal mesh conductive film is developed to reveal the structural pattern of the transparent antenna; then an etching solution is used to etch out the metal mesh transparent antenna; finally, the obtained metal mesh transparent antenna is attached to an acrylic plate medium substrate.

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 6 The dimensioning diagram of a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown,

[0063] The first dielectric substrate 4 is rectangular, and the width of the rectangle is W. D2 =40mm, length is L D2 =177.84mm. The second antenna floor 4 surrounds and semi-encloses the trapezoidal feed strip line, and the floors on both sides are approximately described as right-angle trapezoids. By adjusting the length of the trapezoidal bottom side of the second antenna floor 4, the antenna impedance matching can be adjusted to expand the impedance matching bandwidth, wherein the upper bottom side L of the trapezoid is G6 =24.77mm, bottom edge L G7 =75.56mm, height H G =8.77mm, bottom floor width L G5 =7.84mm, the width of the fine gap between the second antenna floor 4 and the trapezoidal feeding strip line 501 is S G1 =0.8mm, wide gap S G2 =3.92mm; Trapezoidal feed strip line 501 upper bottom W S4 =1.63mm, bottom edge W S2 =9.41mm; the antenna radiation bending line 502 is bent 25 times, and the antenna volume is greatly reduced after multiple bends to achieve miniaturization. The length of the bending line is the main factor affecting the working frequency band of the antenna. Adjusting the total length of the antenna radiation bending line 502 can make the antenna work in the ADS-B signal receiving frequency band. The short side L of the bending line a4 =7.42mm, long side La5 =30.00mm.

[0064] Figure 7 is the S11 parameter curve of the coplanar waveguide meander line antenna in the ADS-B antenna of the present invention, from Figure 7 It can be seen that the operating frequency band less than -10dB is 1.082~1.099GHz, and the ADS-B antenna signal of 1090MHz can be received.

[0065] Figure 8 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the coplanar waveguide meander line antenna in the ADS-B antenna of the present invention are as follows: Figure 8 It can be seen that the antenna radiation direction is omnidirectional and the maximum gain is 6.04dB.

[0066] Embodiment 3:

[0067] The embodiment of the present invention provides a transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B signals. The transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B signals includes a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna as described in Example 1 and a miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna as described in Example 2. The coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna and the coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna can be set to multiple, and the multiple coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antennas and coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antennas are arranged vertically to achieve complementarity of antenna radiation patterns, thereby showing a strong signal receiving capability in the entire spherical space.

[0068] The transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B signals provided in this embodiment is formed by combining and arranging the two antennas designed in Example 1 and Example 2 to form a transparent antenna with a small size, excellent concealment, and tacit cooperation with optical equipment, showing excellent signal reception performance. The radiation strip lines of these two antennas adopt a carefully designed bending process, which greatly reduces the volume, and achieves a significant miniaturization effect compared with the traditional ADS-B rod-shaped fiberglass antenna. The optical transparency of the antenna is derived from its use of transparent materials (such as acrylic substrates, OCA optical glue, PET metal grid film). In addition, the antenna can also be flexibly attached to dielectric substrates of different shapes and curvatures, so that it is easy to integrate with various optical devices using its transparent characteristics to build a composite detection system. It is worth mentioning that the inverted F antenna and the meander line antenna are both omnidirectional antennas, and their directional patterns are perpendicular to the plane of the dielectric substrate. By arranging the two antennas vertically, the antenna directional patterns can be complemented, thereby showing a strong signal reception capability in the entire spherical space.

[0069] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted F transparent antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a first antenna floor (1), a first antenna body (2) and a first dielectric substrate (3), wherein the first antenna floor (1) and the first antenna body (2) are both closely attached to the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate (3); The first antenna body (2) comprises a trapezoidal feeding patch (201), an antenna grounding line (202) and an antenna radiation strip line (203); the antenna radiation strip line (203) and the antenna grounding line (202) are connected to the trapezoidal feeding patch (201) to form a basic structure of an inverted F antenna body; the antenna radiation strip line (203) is bent twice and is parallel to the first antenna ground (1) to save space and achieve miniaturization, while the gap between the antenna grounding line (202) and the antenna radiation strip line (203) forms capacitive coupling, and the antenna grounding line (202) is used to increase the inductive balanced input impedance. The first antenna body (2) is evolved from a monopole antenna, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional; The first antenna floor (1) and the first antenna body (2) are both made of metal mesh material; The first dielectric substrate (3) is rectangular and comprises, from top to bottom, a first metal grid PET film layer (3-1), a first optical adhesive layer (3-2) and a first acrylic dielectric substrate (3-3).

2. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiation strip line (203) is bent twice, and has a total length of 0.239λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz.

3. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna ground wire (202) is bent once, with a long side of 0.149λ and a short side of 0.018λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz.

4. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short base of the trapezoidal feeding patch (201) is 0.007λ, and the long base is 0.051λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz.

5. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna floor (1) is a rectangular loop strip with a notch at the bottom, the long side of the rectangle is about 0.396λ, the short side is about 0.051λ, the length of the notch is about 0.109λ, and λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

6. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long side of the first dielectric substrate (3) is 0.49λ, and the short side is 0.145λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz, and the material is acrylic with a relative dielectric constant of 2.

8.

7. A miniaturized coplanar waveguide fed meander line transparent antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a second antenna floor (4), a second antenna body (5) and a second dielectric substrate (6); the second antenna floor (4) comprises two connected and symmetrical pattern structures, the second antenna floor (4) is attached to both sides of the second antenna body (5) to improve impedance matching and adjust the antenna standing wave ratio; the second antenna body (5) is miniaturized by thinning and bending; the second antenna body (5) is evolved from a monopole antenna, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional; The second antenna body (5) comprises a trapezoidal feeding strip line (501) and an antenna radiation meander line (502); The trapezoidal feeding strip line (501) is thinned and gradually changed, and the antenna radiation meander line (502) uses a meander line structure, so as to miniaturize the antenna; The second antenna floor (4) and the second antenna body (5) are both made of metal mesh material; The second dielectric substrate (6) comprises, from top to bottom, a second metal mesh PET film layer (6-1), a second optical adhesive layer (6-2), and a second acrylic dielectric substrate (6-3).

8. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide fed meander line transparent antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna radiation meander line (502) is bent 25 times, with a total length of 1.622λ, a long side of the meander line of 0.105λ, and a short side of 0.025λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

9. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide fed meander line transparent antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The short base of the trapezoidal feeding strip line (501) is 0.005λ, the long base is 0.036λ, and the height is 0.301λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

10. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide fed meander line transparent antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second antenna floor (4) is a symmetrical structure of two right-angled trapezoids, the short base length of the right-angled trapezoid is 0.120λ, the long base length is 0.309λ, and the height is 0.036 lambda. The fine gap between the second antenna floor (4) and the trapezoidal feeding strip line (501) is 0.004λ, and the coarse gap is 0.016λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090MHz.

11. The miniaturized coplanar waveguide fed meander line transparent antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second dielectric substrate (6) has a long side of 0.283λ and a short side of 0.149λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating at 1090 MHz, and the material is acrylic with a relative dielectric constant of 2.

8.

12. A transparent antenna for receiving ADS-B signals, characterized in that: It comprises the coplanar waveguide-fed inverted-F transparent antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and the coplanar waveguide-fed meander line transparent antenna according to any one of claims 7 to 11.

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