Sectional type water pressure adjusting device for water-guided laser high-pressure water beam

Abstract

The utility model provides a sectional type water pressure adjusting device for a water-guided laser high-pressure water beam. The sectional type water pressure adjusting device comprises an air source input end, a water source input end, an air-liquid booster pump, an air control pressure reducing valve, an air pressure adjusting and controlling device, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a controller. The multi-stage gradient continuous different driving water pressure intervals are arranged, driving water pressure gating use of the different water pressure intervals is matched according to the set water pressure, the pressure difference between the two ends of the pressure reducing valve is reduced, the service life of the pressure reducing valve is prolonged, drainage of water at a drainage opening is reduced, and the water utilization rate is increased; the stable high-pressure water beam output is generated by utilizing the multi-section water pressure output of the relative stable section of the booster pump and combining the real-time feedback of the water pressure and the air pressure regulation and control pressure relief and energy dissipation buffering, and the water pressure fluctuation range can be controlled within the preset range, such as within + / -0.5 MPa, so that the requirement of water-guided laser high-precision machining is met, and the water-guided laser machining efficiency is improved. And the processing efficiency and precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water-guided laser processing, in particular to a segmented water pressure regulating device for a water-guided laser high-pressure water beam. Background Art

[0002] Water-guided laser processing is a technology that couples laser to high-pressure water beam and performs processing by laser-coupled water beam. The laser-water beam coupling processing method produces a slit parallel to the incision section, which can not only ensure precise processing accuracy, but also ensure that the processing area is cooled and clean. At the same time, there is no need for laser focusing and distance control during the processing. It can be applied to the processing of various thickness ranges and difficult-to-process materials, and will not produce defects such as heat-affected zones and microcracks, meeting complex and precise processing needs.

[0003] The generation of high-pressure water beams and pressure stability have an important impact on the light-water coupling in water-guided laser processing technology. At present, the generation of high-pressure water beams is mainly completed by gas-liquid pressurization, such as pressurization by gas-liquid booster pumps. The gas-liquid booster pump is a plunger structure with a fixed boost ratio. Theoretically, the corresponding water pressure can be obtained by introducing a driving gas with a suitable air pressure. However, due to the compressibility of air and the reversing influence of the plunger, it is difficult for the booster pump to output a high-pressure water beam jet with a stable pressure that matches the theory. For example, when the required water pressure is greater than 20MPa, the fluctuation is greater than ±0.5MPa; when the water pressure is less than 20MPa, the fluctuation is much greater than ±5MPa, which cannot meet the water pressure stability requirements of water-guided lasers, and when different water pressures are required, the appropriate driving air pressure needs to be manually adjusted. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a segmented water pressure regulating device for a water-guided laser high-pressure water beam, which can realize automatic control to generate a stable high-pressure water beam output, and meet the stability requirements of the water pressure, which is controlled within ±0.5MPa, meets the requirements of high-precision processing of water-guided laser, and improves the precision and efficiency of water-guided laser processing.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the purpose of the utility model, a segmented water pressure regulating device for a water-guided laser high-pressure water beam is provided, comprising:

[0006] Gas source input end, used for introducing gas;

[0007] A first gas circuit connected to the gas source input end, wherein the first gas circuit is sequentially provided with a first pressure regulating valve, a first solenoid valve, and a first pneumatic valve and a second pneumatic valve connected in parallel to an output end of the first solenoid valve;

[0008] A plurality of air intake branches connected to the air source input end, the plurality of air intake branches are independent of each other and are distributed in parallel; each air intake branch includes an air intake pressure regulating valve and an air intake solenoid valve connected in sequence, and the output end of the air intake solenoid valve is connected to the air input of the air-liquid booster pump;

[0009] A water source input end is used to introduce water medium; the water source input end is connected to the water input of the gas-liquid booster pump via a water inlet pipeline and the first pneumatic valve; the first pneumatic valve is a normally open pneumatic valve, serving as a water input switch valve;

[0010] An air-controlled pressure reducing valve connected to the water outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid booster pump is used to output the high-pressure water jet obtained after being pressurized by the gas-liquid booster pump;

[0011] A controller configured to control the operation of the loop water pressure regulating device;

[0012] Wherein, a first pressure sensor is provided in the water outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid booster pump and is located before the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve, and is configured to detect a first pressure value Px1 of the high-pressure water beam boosted and output by the gas-liquid booster pump;

[0013] A second pressure sensor is provided in the output pipeline of the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve, and is used to detect a second pressure value Px2 of the high-pressure water jet outputted by the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve through pressure reduction regulation;

[0014] An air pressure regulating device is provided between the air-controlled pressure reducing valve and the air source input end;

[0015] The controller is configured to select one of the multiple air intake branches based on the required water beam pressure Px0 of the light-water coupling, and control the air intake of the air pressure regulating device according to the difference between the first pressure value Px1 and the second pressure value Px2 to regulate the pressure of the high-pressure water beam output by the air-controlled pressure reducing valve, so that the detected second pressure value Px2 reaches the required water beam pressure Px0 and is within a preset allowable fluctuation range.

[0016] As an optional embodiment, in the plurality of intake branches, the intake pressure regulating valve in each intake branch is configured to set the driving air pressure P of the i-th intake branch by pre-configuring the working pressure value. i ;

[0017] Based on the driving gas pressure P i The pressure gradient range of the intake solenoid valve of the th intake branch is determined by the boost ratio N of the gas-liquid boost pump, so that the output water pressure of the gas-liquid boost pump in different intake branches is divided into multiple pressure sections, and a continuous gradient change is formed between the multiple pressure sections.

[0018] As an optional implementation, the controller is configured to select a corresponding air intake branch when the required water beam pressure Px based on the light-water coupling falls within a corresponding pressure range.

[0019] As an optional implementation, in a plurality of intake branches, the working pressure value of the intake pressure regulating valve increases at a gradient of a preset difference.

[0020] As an optional implementation, in each intake branch, the working pressure value P of the first intake pressure regulating valve and the driving pressure P i And the upper limit value P of the corresponding pressure segment max , lower limit P mn Fully satisfied:

[0021] P max = N*P i

[0022] P mn = N*P i-1

[0023] P=(1+λ)*P i

[0024] Where λ represents the volatility coefficient.

[0025] As an optional embodiment, the air pressure regulating device is configured to be connected between the air-controlled pressure reducing valve and the air source input end through a pressure regulating pipeline;

[0026] The air pressure regulating device includes at least one electrical proportional valve, which is configured to be controlled by the control system to control its opening ratio to adjust the air pressure acting on the air-controlled pressure reducing valve, so that the second pressure value Px2 detected by the second pressure sensor is reduced to the required water beam pressure Px0.

[0027] As an optional embodiment, under the pressure regulating action of the air pressure regulating device, the high-pressure water beam output by the gas-liquid booster pump is higher than the required water beam pressure Px0 and is discharged from the drain port of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve as water.

[0028] As an optional implementation, the second pneumatic valve is a normally closed pneumatic valve connected between the input end of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve and the boost output end of the gas-liquid boost pump.

[0029] As an optional implementation, an accumulator is further provided between the boost output end of the gas-liquid boost pump and the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water beam proposed in the utility model has the following significant advantages:

[0031] 1. The utility model provides a segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water beams with different driving water pressure intervals with multiple gradients. The driving water pressures of different water pressure intervals are selected and used according to the set water pressure, which is beneficial to reduce the pressure difference at both ends of the pressure reducing valve and increase the service life of the pressure reducing valve; at the same time, it reduces the discharge of water from the drain port and improves the utilization rate of water;

[0032] 2. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water beam proposed in the utility model utilizes the relatively stable multi-stage water pressure output of the booster pump, combines the real-time feedback of water pressure with air pressure regulation and pressure relief and energy dissipation buffering, generates a stable high-pressure water beam output, and can control the water pressure fluctuation range within a preset range, such as within ±0.5MPa, to meet the requirements of high-precision processing of water-guided laser, and improve processing efficiency and precision;

[0033] 3. The generation and regulation of the high-pressure water beam of the water-guided laser coupled water beam is completed by an automatic control system, with good regulation and stability, and the control process is fast, convenient, sensitive and accurate.

[0034] It should be understood that all combinations of the aforementioned concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below can be considered as part of the utility model subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts are not mutually contradictory. In addition, all combinations of the claimed subject matter are considered as part of the utility model subject matter of the present disclosure.

[0035] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention can be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as the features and / or beneficial effects of the exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the following description or learned from the practice of the specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a segmented water pressure regulating device for a water-guided laser high-pressure water beam provided according to an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Various aspects of the utility model are described in the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which many illustrative embodiments are shown. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not necessarily intended to include all aspects of the utility model. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments introduced above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways, because the concepts and embodiments disclosed by the utility model are not limited to any implementation. In addition, some aspects disclosed by the utility model can be used alone, or in any appropriate combination with other aspects disclosed by the utility model. Example

[0039] Combination Figure 1 The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water beam of the illustrated embodiment includes an air source input end 100, a water source input end 200, an air-liquid booster pump 300, an air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400, an air pressure regulating device 500, a first pressure sensor 301, a second pressure sensor 401 and a controller 1000.

[0040] The gas source input end 100 is used for introducing gas.

[0041] Combination Figure 1 The first gas path connected to the gas source input end 100 is used to realize the input control of the water source when the high-pressure water beam is generated, and to discharge the water in the boost output pipeline of the gas-liquid boost pump 300 when the generation of the high-pressure water beam is finished.

[0042] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the first gas circuit is sequentially provided with a first pressure regulating valve 110 , a first solenoid valve 111 , and a first pneumatic valve 113 and a second pneumatic valve 114 connected in parallel to the output end of the first solenoid valve 111 .

[0043] The water source input end 200 is used to introduce water medium.

[0044] As an example, the water source input end 200 is connected to the water input of the gas-liquid booster pump 300 via the water inlet pipeline and the first pneumatic valve 113 .

[0045] The first pneumatic valve 113 is a normally open pneumatic valve, serving as a water circuit input switch valve.

[0046] Combination Figure 1 As shown, multiple air intake branches are arranged to be connected to the air source input end 100 , the multiple air intake branches are independent of each other and distributed in parallel, and the output end of each air intake branch is connected to the air input of the air-liquid booster pump 300 .

[0047] Each air intake branch includes an air intake pressure regulating valve and an air intake solenoid valve connected in sequence, and the output end of the air intake solenoid valve is connected to the air input of the air-liquid booster pump 300. Figure 1 As shown, taking the three-way air intake branch as an example, it includes air intake pressure regulating valves B, C, and D, and air intake solenoid valves X, Y, and Z are respectively provided correspondingly, wherein the air intake pressure regulating valve B and the air intake solenoid valve X constitute the first air intake branch, similarly, the air intake pressure regulating valve C and the air intake solenoid valve Y constitute the second air intake branch, and the air intake pressure regulating valve D and the air intake solenoid valve Z constitute the third air intake branch. The output ends of the air intake solenoid valves corresponding to the three air intake branches are connected to the air input of the air-liquid booster pump through management. During the operation of the system, one of the three air intake branches is selected for air intake to generate a driving air pressure P i (i.e. the driving air pressure of the i-th intake branch).

[0048] The gas-liquid booster pump 300 can be a commercial gas-liquid booster pump, and the driving air pressure P of the i-th air inlet branch is i The theoretical water pressure of the high-pressure water jet generated by the gas-liquid booster pump 300 is N*P i , N is the boost ratio of the gas-liquid booster pump. However, due to the plunger reversal of the gas-liquid booster pump and the compressibility of air, the water pressure of the high-pressure water jet actually generated will be N*P i To this end, the utility model, on the one hand, designs an accumulator 600 to eliminate pulsation and buffer, and on the other hand, designs an air pressure reducing valve at the output end, which is connected to the water outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid booster pump 300, and is used to output the high-pressure water beam obtained after the gas-liquid booster pump 300 is pressurized. In this process, an air pressure regulating device 500 is set between the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400 and the air source input end 100 to regulate the water pressure. By regulating the air pressure acting on the air-controlled pressure reducing valve, the pressure of the high-pressure water beam output by the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400 is reduced to the preset required water beam pressure Px0, and the excess pressure is discharged from the drain port of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve as water, so as to obtain a stable high-pressure water beam output, and its pressure fluctuation is stable within a preset range. For example, the allowable fluctuation range designed by the utility model is ±0.5MPa, which can be used for high-precision processing of water-guided lasers.

[0049] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the controller 1000 may adopt a PLC control system or an industrial control system based on an embedded processor, and is configured to control the operation of the loop water pressure regulating device.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the second pneumatic valve 114 is a normally closed pneumatic valve, which is connected between the input end of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400 and the boost output end of the gas-liquid booster pump 300. Thus, when the generation of the high-pressure water beam is finished, the high-pressure water in the output pipeline of the gas-liquid booster pump 300 can be discharged.

[0051] Combination Figure 1As shown, in a specific embodiment, a first pressure sensor 301 is provided in the water outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid booster pump 300 and is located before the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400 , and is configured to detect a first pressure value Px1 of the high-pressure water beam boosted and output by the gas-liquid booster pump 300 .

[0052] The second pressure sensor 401 provided in the output pipeline of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400 is used to detect a second pressure value Px2 of the high-pressure water jet outputted through the pressure reduction regulation of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400 .

[0053] The controller 1000 selects one of the multiple air intake branches based on the matching of the required water beam pressure Px0 of the light-water coupling and the multiple pressure segments, and controls the air intake of the air pressure regulating device 500 according to the difference between the first pressure value Px1 and the second pressure value Px2 to regulate the pressure of the high-pressure water beam output by the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400, so that the detected second pressure value Px2 reaches the required water beam pressure Px0 and is within the preset allowable fluctuation range.

[0054] As an optional embodiment, in the plurality of intake branches, the intake pressure regulating valve in each intake branch is configured to set the driving air pressure P of the i-th intake branch by pre-configuring the working pressure value. i ;

[0055] Based on the driving gas pressure P i The pressure gradient range of the intake solenoid valve of the i-th intake branch is determined by the boost ratio N of the gas-liquid boost pump 300, so as to divide the output water pressure of the gas-liquid boost pump 300 into multiple pressure sections through different intake branches, and form a continuous gradient change between the multiple pressure sections.

[0056] As an optional embodiment, the controller 1000 is configured to select a corresponding air intake branch when the required water beam pressure Px0 based on the light-water coupling falls within a corresponding pressure range.

[0057] As an optional embodiment, in a plurality of intake branches, the working pressure value of the intake pressure regulating valve increases with a gradient of a preset difference.

[0058] As an optional embodiment, in each intake branch, the working pressure value P of the i-th intake pressure regulating valve and the driving pressure P i And the upper limit value P of the corresponding pressure segment max , lower limit P min Fully satisfied:

[0059] P max = N*P i

[0060] P min = N*Pi-1

[0061] P=(1+λ)*P i

[0062] Where λ represents the volatility coefficient.

[0063] In some embodiments, the fluctuation coefficient λ generally ranges from 0.005 to 0.05.

[0064] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the air pressure regulating device 500 is configured to be connected between the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400 and the air source input end 100 through a pressure regulating pipeline;

[0065] The air pressure regulating device 500 includes at least one electrical proportional valve, which is configured to be controlled by the controller 100 to control its opening ratio to adjust the air pressure acting on the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400, so that the second pressure value Px2 detected by the second pressure sensor 401 is reduced to the required water beam pressure Px0.

[0066] Therefore, under the pressure regulating action of the air pressure regulating device 500, the high-pressure water beam boosted and output by the gas-liquid booster pump 300 has a pressure ΔP higher than the required water beam pressure Px0 and is discharged from the drain port of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve 400 as water, ΔP = Px1-Px2.

[0067] Combination Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, an accumulator 600 is further provided between the boost output end of the gas-liquid boost pump 300 and the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve 400, for eliminating pulsation of the high-pressure water beam boosted by the gas-liquid boost pump 300 and buffering water pressure fluctuations, so as to obtain a high-pressure water beam with a stable water pressure. Example

[0068] Combination Figure 1 The design of the embodiment shown, we will describe the implementation process of the aforementioned embodiment of the utility model in more detail with reference to specific examples.

[0069] In this example, the boost ratio of the gas-liquid booster pump is 1:80. The controller 100 is described by taking a PLC control system as an example.

[0070] The pressure of the first pressure regulating valve 110 is adjusted to 0.8 MPa.

[0071] The pressures of the second pressure regulating valve B, the third pressure regulating valve C, and the second pressure regulating valve D are respectively adjusted to 0.71MPa, 0.51MPa, and 0.31MPa and then locked (in order to make the boost outlet pressure of the gas-liquid booster pump slightly greater than 56MPa, 40MPa, and 24MPa when the solenoid valves X, Y, and Z are connected separately, the output water pressure is divided into three pressure sections), the first pneumatic valve 113 is normally closed, and the second pneumatic valve 114 is normally open. In this example, the driving air pressures are 0.7MPa, 0.5MPa, and 0.3MPa, respectively, with a gradient decrease.

[0072] The first solenoid valve 111 is connected between the first pressure regulating valve 110 and the first pneumatic valve 113 .

[0073] After the required water pressure Px0 is set through the PLC control system, the first solenoid valve 111 is controlled to be turned on, the first pneumatic valve 113 is opened, and the second pneumatic valve 114 is closed, and water enters the gas-liquid booster pump.

[0074] According to the size of the water pressure Px0, the PLC control system selects its intake branch according to the pressure segment Px0 falls into, and automatically connects one of the three solenoid valves B, C, and D mentioned above (the second solenoid valve B pressure segment: 40-56MPa, the third solenoid valve C pressure segment: 24-40MPa, the fourth solenoid valve D pressure segment: 0-24MPa). At this time, the first pressure value Px1 of the boost output water beam detected by the first pressure sensor will fluctuate within a certain range (56MPa+, 40MPa+, 24MPa+).

[0075] The second pressure value Px2 of the high-pressure water beam output by the air-controlled pressure reducing valve, the PLC control system controls and adjusts the air pressure acting on the air-controlled pressure reducing valve by the electrical proportional valve according to the difference between Px1 and Px2, so that Px2 is reduced to the set value Px0, and the excess pressure is discharged from the drain port of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve as water. At this time, the pressure fluctuation of the high-pressure water beam at the output end of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve is less than ±0.5MPa, and a high-pressure water beam output with stable water pressure is obtained.

[0076] After the processing is completed, the first solenoid valve 111 is closed, the first pneumatic valve 113 is closed, the second pneumatic valve 114 is opened, water stops entering the gas-liquid booster pump, and the high-pressure water on the output side of the gas-liquid booster pump is discharged from the second pneumatic valve 114.

[0077] For example, taking the set pressure Px0 as 30MPa, after the pressure is set, the first solenoid valve 111 is turned on, the first pneumatic valve 113 is opened, the second pneumatic valve 114 is closed, and water enters the gas-liquid booster pump. Since 30MPa is between 20-40MPa, the PLC control system selects the second air intake branch and automatically controls the connection of the third solenoid valve C. At this time, Px1 obtained by the first pressure sensor will fluctuate in a range slightly greater than 40MPa. By detecting Px2, the PLC control system adjusts the pressure of the electric proportional valve on the air-controlled pressure reducing valve to reduce P2 to the set value of 30MPa. The excess pressure is discharged from the drain port of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve as water. At this time, a high-pressure water beam with stable water pressure can be obtained for high-precision processing of water-guided lasers.

[0078] In other embodiments, when different required water pressures are set, the PLC control system selects the corresponding air intake branch and regulates the water pressure according to the above process to obtain a stable high-pressure water pressure output for high-precision processing of water-guided lasers.

[0079] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. A segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water beam, characterized in that: include: A gas source input end (100) for introducing gas; A first gas circuit connected to the gas source input end (100), the first gas circuit being provided with a first pressure regulating valve (110), a first solenoid valve (111), and a first pneumatic valve (113) and a second pneumatic valve (114) connected in parallel to an output end of the first solenoid valve (111); A plurality of air intake branches connected to the air source input end (100), the plurality of air intake branches being independent of each other and distributed in parallel; each air intake branch comprises an air intake pressure regulating valve and an air intake solenoid valve connected in sequence, and the output end of the air intake solenoid valve is connected to the air input of the air-liquid boosting pump (300); A water source input end (200) is used to introduce a water medium; the water source input end (200) is connected to the water input of the gas-liquid booster pump (300) via a water inlet pipeline and the first pneumatic valve (113); the first pneumatic valve (113) is a normally open pneumatic valve, serving as a water input switch valve; An air-controlled pressure reducing valve (400) connected to the water outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid booster pump (300), used to output the high-pressure water jet obtained after being pressurized by the gas-liquid booster pump (300); A controller (1000) is configured to control the operation of a loop water pressure regulating device; Wherein, a first pressure sensor (301) is provided in the water outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid booster pump (300) and is located before the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve (400), and is configured to detect a first pressure value Px1 of the high-pressure water jet boosted and output by the gas-liquid booster pump (300); A second pressure sensor (401) is arranged in the output pipeline of the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve (400), and is used to detect a second pressure value Px2 of the high-pressure water jet outputted through pressure reduction regulation of the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve (400); An air pressure regulating device (500) is provided between the air-controlled pressure reducing valve (400) and the air source input end (100); The controller (1000) is configured to select one of the multiple air intake branches based on the required water beam pressure Px0 of the light-water coupling, and to control the air intake of the air pressure regulating device (500) according to the difference between the first pressure value Px1 and the second pressure value Px2 so as to regulate the pressure of the high-pressure water beam output by the air-controlled pressure reducing valve (400), so that the detected second pressure value Px2 reaches the required water beam pressure Px0 and is within a preset allowable fluctuation range.

2. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water jet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the plurality of intake branches, the intake pressure regulating valve in each intake branch is configured to set the driving air pressure P of the i-th intake branch by pre-configuring the working pressure value. i ; Based on the driving gas pressure P i The pressure gradient range of the intake solenoid valve of the i-th intake branch is determined by the pressure ratio N of the gas-liquid booster pump (300), so as to divide the output water pressure of the gas-liquid booster pump (300) into multiple pressure sections through different intake branches, and form a continuous gradient change between the multiple pressure sections.

3. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water jet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller (1000) is configured to select a corresponding air intake branch when a required water beam pressure Px0 based on light-water coupling falls within a corresponding pressure range.

4. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water jet according to claim 2, characterized in that: In a plurality of intake branches, the working pressure value of the intake pressure regulating valve increases with a gradient of a preset difference.

5. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water jet according to claim 2, characterized in that: In each intake branch, the working pressure value P of the i-th intake pressure regulating valve and the driving pressure P i And the upper limit value P of the corresponding pressure segment max , lower limit P min Fully satisfied: P max = N*P i P min = N*P i-1 P=(1+λ)*P i Where λ represents the volatility coefficient.

6. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water jet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The air pressure regulating device (500) is configured to be connected between the air-controlled pressure reducing valve (400) and the air source input end (100) through a pressure regulating pipeline; The air pressure regulating device (500) comprises at least one electrical proportional valve, which is configured to have its opening ratio controlled by the controller (1000) to adjust the air pressure acting on the air-controlled pressure reducing valve (400), so that the second pressure value Px2 detected by the second pressure sensor (401) is reduced to the required water beam pressure Px0.

7. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water jet according to claim 6, characterized in that: Under the pressure regulating action of the air pressure regulating device (500), the pressure ΔP of the high-pressure water beam boosted and output by the air-liquid booster pump (300) is higher than the required water beam pressure Px0 and is discharged from the drain port of the air-controlled pressure reducing valve (400) as water, ΔP = Px1-Px2.

8. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pneumatic valve (114) is a normally closed pneumatic valve, connected between the input end of the pneumatically controlled pressure reducing valve (400) and the boosting output end of the gas-liquid boosting pump (300).

9. The segmented water pressure regulating device for water-guided laser high-pressure water jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: An accumulator (600) is also provided between the boosting output end of the gas-liquid boosting pump (300) and the gas-controlled pressure reducing valve (400).

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