Rock-fill dam

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock-fill dam, which relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering and comprises an asphalt concrete core wall, an upstream rock-fill area and a downstream rock-fill area. The downstream rockfill area comprises a first strength area and a fully-weathered rock area, one side of the fully-weathered rock area is connected with one side of the upper end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the fully-weathered rock area is connected with the top of the first inverted filter layer; the upstream rockfill area comprises a second strength area and a fully strong weathered rock area, one side of the fully strong weathered rock area is connected with the other side of the lower end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the fully strong weathered rock area is connected with the ground. The fully-weathered rocks are used above the normal water level of the rock-fill area at the downstream of the dam, and part of the fully-weathered rocks are used below the dead water level of the rock-fill area at the upstream, so that the fully-weathered rocks are fully utilized, the utilization rate of excavation materials is increased, the project investment is reduced, and environmental protection and water and soil conservation are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a rockfill dam. Background Art

[0002] The main body of a rockfill dam is a dam built with rock filling and an impermeable body. In order to reduce the amount of dam filling, traditional asphalt concrete core wall rockfill dams mainly use slightly weathered to fresh rock and some strongly weathered rock structures, and fully weathered rock is used as waste. The controlling parameter K in the Duncan-Zhang EB model parameters (nonlinear strength parameters) of the asphalt concrete core wall at room temperature is usually around 200-300, while the K value of the strongly weathered rock in the secondary rockfill area is usually above 500. The modulus of the secondary rockfill area is relatively high, which is inconsistent with the deformation of the core wall.

[0003] During the design and construction of traditional asphalt concrete core rockfill dams, fully weathered rocks are used as waste slag, which results in a large amount of waste slag, relatively high investment, high carbon emissions, and relatively more environmental and water conservation measures. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a rockfill dam. The utility model uses fully weathered rocks above the normal water level in the rockfill area downstream of the dam and uses partially fully weathered rocks below the dead water level in the upstream rockfill area, thereby reducing the modulus difference between the dam body and the core wall and facilitating the deformation coordination of the dam.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] One aspect of an embodiment of the utility model provides a rockfill dam, the rockfill dam comprising: an asphalt concrete core wall, an upstream rockfill area and a downstream rockfill area, the two sides of the asphalt concrete core wall are connected to the upstream rockfill area and the downstream rockfill area respectively; the downstream rockfill area comprises a first strength zone, a first filter layer and a fully weathered rock area, one side of the fully weathered rock area is connected to one side of the upper end of the asphalt concrete core wall, the bottom of the fully weathered rock area is connected to the top of the first filter layer, one side of the first strength zone is connected to one side of the lower end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the first strength zone is connected to the ground. The upstream rockfill area comprises a second strength zone and a fully strongly weathered rock area, one side of the fully strongly weathered rock area is connected to the other side of the lower end of the asphalt concrete core wall, the bottom of the fully strongly weathered rock area is connected to the ground, one side of the second strength zone is connected to the other side of the upper end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the second strength zone is connected to the top of the fully strongly weathered rock area.

[0007] In some embodiments, the fully weathered rock area is set to a first set height in the vertical direction. The strength of the second strength area is greater than the strength of the fully strongly weathered rock area, and the fully strongly weathered rock area is set to a second set height.

[0008] In some embodiments, the top of the first strength zone is connected to a first transition layer, and the bottom of the first filter layer is connected to the top of the first transition layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the upstream rockfill area includes a second strength zone and a fully strongly weathered rock zone, one side of the fully strongly weathered rock zone is connected to the other side of the lower end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the fully strongly weathered rock zone is connected to the ground, one side of the second strength zone is connected to the other side of the upper end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the second strength zone is connected to the top of the fully strongly weathered rock zone; the strength of the second strength zone is greater than the strength of the fully strongly weathered rock zone, and the fully strongly weathered rock zone is set to a second set height.

[0010] In some embodiments, the other side of the first strength zone is connected to the other side of the fully weathered rock zone to form a first inclined surface, and the other side of the second strength zone is connected to the other side of the fully strongly weathered rock zone to form a second inclined surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the rockfill dam further includes a first slope protection and a second slope protection, wherein the first slope protection is arranged on the first inclined surface, and the second slope protection is arranged on the second inclined surface.

[0012] In some embodiments, the rockfill dam further comprises a concrete pad, the bottom of the asphalt concrete core wall is connected to the top of the concrete pad, and the bottom of the concrete pad is connected to curtain grouting.

[0013] In some embodiments, the rockfill dam also includes a second transition layer, a third transition layer and a second filter layer, the second transition layer is wrapped around the outside of the asphalt concrete core wall, one end of the third transition layer is connected to the bottom of the second transition layer, the top of the third transition layer is connected to the bottom of the first strength zone, the bottom of the third transition layer is connected to the top of the second filter layer, the bottom of the second filter layer is connected to the ground, and the other end of the third transition layer is connected to the second filter layer and the ground.

[0014] In some embodiments, the rockfill dam also includes a fourth transition layer, which is arranged between the second transition layer and the asphalt concrete core wall, one end of the second filter layer is connected to the bottom of the fourth transition layer, and the other end of the second filter layer extends to the other end of the third transition layer, and the distance from the other end of the third transition layer to the asphalt concrete core wall is a preset length.

[0015] In some embodiments, the preset length is set to 30% of the height of the rockfill dam.

[0016] A rockfill dam according to the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: the control parameter K in the Duncan-Zhang EB model parameter (nonlinear strength parameter) of the asphalt concrete core wall material at room temperature is usually about 200-300, while the K value of the strongly weathered rock in the secondary rockfill area is usually above 500, and the modulus of the secondary rockfill area is relatively high, which is inconsistent with the deformation of the core wall. The K value of most fully weathered rocks is above 200, which is equivalent to the asphalt concrete core wall material, so the application uses fully weathered rocks to reduce the modulus difference between the dam body and the core wall, which is beneficial to the deformation coordination of the dam; and fully weathered rocks are used in the downstream rockfill area, and part of fully weathered rocks are used below the dead water level in the upstream rockfill area, which fully utilizes the fully weathered rocks, improves the utilization rate of excavated materials, reduces project investment, reduces waste slag, reduces carbon emissions, and is beneficial to environmental protection and soil and water conservation.

[0017] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a rockfill dam according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of Part A of this application.

[0021] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Asphalt concrete core wall; 2. First strength zone; 3. Fully weathered rock zone; 4. First transition layer; 5. First filter layer; 6. Second strength zone; 7. Fully strongly weathered rock zone; 8. First slope protection; 9. Second slope protection; 10. Concrete pad; 11. Curtain grouting; 12. Second transition layer; 13. Third transition layer; 14. Second filter layer; 15. Fourth transition layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these example embodiments are provided so that the description of the present disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete and the concepts of the example embodiments will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. The accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

[0027] The main body of a rockfill dam is a dam built with stone filling and an impermeable body. In order to reduce the amount of dam filling, traditional rockfill dams mainly use slightly weathered to fresh rocks and some strongly weathered rocks, while fully weathered rocks are treated as waste and not used.

[0028] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is briefly described below:

[0029] According to some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the present application provides a rockfill dam, which includes: an asphalt concrete core wall 1, an upstream rockfill area and a downstream rockfill area, the two sides of the asphalt concrete core wall 1 are connected to the upstream rockfill area and the downstream rockfill area respectively, and the downstream rockfill area includes:

[0030] A first strength zone 2, one side of the first strength zone 2 is connected to one side of the lower end of the asphalt concrete core wall 1, and the bottom of the first strength zone 2 is connected to the ground;

[0031] The fully weathered rock zone 3 has one side connected to the upper end of the asphalt concrete core wall 1 , and the bottom of the fully weathered rock zone 3 is connected to the top of the first strength zone 2 .

[0032] Furthermore, the strength of the first strength zone 2 is any strength between weakly weathered rock and fresh rock, the fully weathered rock zone 3 uses fully weathered rock, the strength of the first strength zone 2 is greater than the strength of the fully weathered rock zone 3, and the fully weathered rock zone 3 is set to a first set height in the vertical direction.

[0033] Among them, the first set height can be set according to actual needs. In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the first set height is set to a height above the normal water level downstream of the rockfill dam, that is, the fully weathered rock is placed in the rockfill area above the normal water level downstream of the dam.

[0034] Furthermore, total weathering means that the rock structure is basically destroyed, but it is still recognizable, has residual structural strength, and can be dug with a pick and drilled with a dry drill.

[0035] Weak weathering means: part of the rock mass has changed color, the original organizational structure of the rock mass is clear and intact, the minerals on both sides of the cracks have metamorphosed, the weathering cracks are well developed, the integrity is poor, and blasting is required for excavation.

[0036] Fresh rock refers to unweathered rock with fresh rock quality and occasional traces of weathering. Generally speaking, most fresh rocks are hard and dense, with small and few pores, strong water resistance, weak water permeability, and high mechanical strength.

[0037] This application uses fully weathered rock above the normal water level in the rockfill area downstream of the dam, fully utilizing the fully weathered rock, improving the utilization rate of excavated materials, reducing project investment, reducing waste slag, reducing carbon emissions, and being beneficial to environmental protection and soil and water conservation.

[0038] The following is combined with the appendix of this manual Figure 1 , the preferred implementation modes of the present disclosure are further elaborated in detail.

[0039] According to some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the top of the first strength zone 2 is connected to the first transition layer 4 , the bottom of the fully weathered rock zone 3 is connected to the first filter layer 5 , and the first filter layer 5 is connected to the first transition layer 4 .

[0040] According to some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the upstream rockfill area includes a second strength area 6 and a fully strongly weathered rock area 7, one side of the fully strongly weathered rock area 7 is connected to the other side of the lower end of the asphalt concrete core wall 1, the bottom of the fully strongly weathered rock area 7 is connected to the ground, one side of the second strength area 6 is connected to the other side of the upper end of the asphalt concrete core wall 1, and the bottom of the second strength area 6 is connected to the top of the fully strongly weathered rock area 7;

[0041] The strength of the second strength zone 6 is between weakly weathered and fresh rock, and the strength of the fully strongly weathered rock zone 7 is between fully weathered and strongly weathered. The strength of the second strength zone is greater than the strength of the fully strongly weathered rock zone, and the fully strongly weathered rock zone 7 is set to the second set height.

[0042] Among them, the second set height can be set according to actual needs. In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the second set height is set to a height below the dead water level upstream of the dam, that is, the fully weathered rock and strongly weathered rock are placed in the rockfill area below the dead water level upstream of the dam.

[0043] Furthermore, total weathering means that the rock structure is basically destroyed, but it is still recognizable, has residual structural strength, and can be dug with a pick and drilled with a dry drill.

[0044] Severe weathering means: most of the structure is destroyed, the mineral composition changes significantly, weathering cracks are developed, the rock mass is broken, it can be dug with a pickaxe, but it is difficult to drill with a dry drill. Most of the feldspar and mica have been weathered into secondary minerals, the color has changed, and loose materials are mixed with hard blocks.

[0045] Weak weathering means: part of the rock mass has changed color, the original organizational structure of the rock mass is clear and intact, the minerals on both sides of the cracks have metamorphosed, the weathering cracks are well developed, the integrity is poor, and blasting is required for excavation.

[0046] Fresh rock refers to unweathered rock with fresh rock quality and occasional traces of weathering. Generally speaking, most fresh rocks are hard and dense, with small and few pores, strong water resistance, weak water permeability, and high mechanical strength.

[0047] This application uses part of the fully weathered rock below the dead water level in the upstream rockfill area, fully utilizes the fully weathered rock, improves the utilization rate of excavated materials, reduces project investment, reduces waste slag, reduces carbon emissions, and is beneficial to environmental protection and soil and water conservation.

[0048] According to some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the other side of the first strength zone 2 is connected to the other side of the fully weathered rock zone 3 to form a first inclined surface, and the other side of the second strength zone 6 is connected to the other side of the fully strongly weathered rock zone 7 to form a second inclined surface.

[0049] Further, such as Figure 1As shown, the rockfill dam further comprises a first slope protection 8 and a second slope protection 9. The first slope protection 8 is arranged on the first inclined surface, and the second slope protection 9 is arranged on the second inclined surface.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the cross section of the rockfill dam is triangular, the second slope protection 9 is the upstream rockfill area, the first slope protection 8 is the downstream rockfill area, and the bottom surface of the rockfill dam is the third side of the triangle, which has strong overall pressure resistance and stability.

[0051] According to some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the rockfill dam further includes a concrete pad 10 , the bottom of the asphalt concrete core wall 1 is connected to the top of the concrete pad 10 , and the bottom of the concrete pad 10 is connected to a curtain grouting 11 .

[0052] The curtain grouting 11 forms a water-blocking curtain to reduce the seepage volume and lower the seepage pressure.

[0053] According to some embodiments, Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the rockfill dam also includes a second transition layer 12, a third transition layer 13 and a second filter layer 14. The second transition layer 12 is wrapped around the outer side of the asphalt concrete core wall 1, one end of the third transition layer 13 is connected to the bottom of the second transition layer 12, the top of the third transition layer 13 is connected to the bottom of the first strength zone 2, the bottom of the third transition layer 13 is connected to the top of the second filter layer 14, the bottom of the second filter layer 14 is connected to the ground, and the other end of the third transition layer 13 is connected to the second filter layer 14 and the ground.

[0054] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rockfill dam also includes a fourth transition layer 15, which is arranged between the second transition layer 12 and the asphalt concrete core wall 1, one end of the second filter layer 14 is connected to the bottom of the fourth transition layer 15, and the other end of the second filter layer 14 extends to the other end of the third transition layer 13, and the distance from the other end of the third transition layer 13 to the asphalt concrete core wall 1 is a preset length.

[0055] The first filter layer 5 and the second filter layer 14 are used for filtering soil and draining water, and the first transition layer 4, the second transition layer 12 and the third transition layer 13 are used to avoid sudden changes in deformation and stress between the two materials.

[0056] Furthermore, the preset length can be set according to actual needs. In some preferred embodiments, the preset length is set to 30% of the height of the rockfill dam.

[0057] The controlling parameter K in the Duncan-Zhang EB model parameters (nonlinear strength parameters) of asphalt concrete core wall 1 material at room temperature is usually around 200-300, while the K value of strongly weathered rock in the secondary rockfill area is usually above 500, and the modulus of the secondary rockfill area is relatively high, which is inconsistent with the deformation of the core wall. However, the K value of most fully weathered rocks is above 200, which is equivalent to the asphalt concrete core wall 1 material. Therefore, the use of fully weathered rocks in this application reduces the modulus difference between the dam body and the core wall, which is beneficial to the deformation coordination of the dam; it also improves the utilization rate of excavated materials, reduces project investment, reduces waste slag, reduces carbon emissions, and is beneficial to environmental protection and soil and water conservation.

[0058] In some embodiments, an economic analysis is performed on a 43.5 m high rockfill dam. The rockfill dam of the present application reduces investment by about 8.4% compared with a traditional rockfill dam of the same height of 43.5 m. The investment calculation is shown in Table 1 below.

[0059] Table 1

[0060]

[0061] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary, rather than restrictive. Since the present disclosure can be implemented in a variety of forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the present application, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be widely interpreted within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims, so all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rockfill dam, characterized in that: The rockfill dam comprises: an asphalt concrete core wall, an upstream rockfill area and a downstream rockfill area, and two sides of the asphalt concrete core wall are respectively connected to the upstream rockfill area and the downstream rockfill area; The downstream rockfill area includes a first strength area, a first filter layer and a fully weathered rock area, one side of the fully weathered rock area is connected to one side of the upper end of the asphalt concrete core wall, the bottom of the fully weathered rock area is connected to the top of the first filter layer, one side of the first strength area is connected to one side of the lower end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the first strength area is connected to the ground; The upstream rockfill area includes a second strength zone and a fully strongly weathered rock zone, one side of the fully strongly weathered rock zone is connected to the other side of the lower end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the fully strongly weathered rock zone is connected to the ground, one side of the second strength zone is connected to the other side of the upper end of the asphalt concrete core wall, and the bottom of the second strength zone is connected to the top of the fully strongly weathered rock zone.

2. The rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fully weathered rock area is set to a first set height in the vertical direction; The strength of the second strength zone is greater than the strength of the fully strongly weathered rock zone, and the fully strongly weathered rock zone is set to a second set height.

3. The rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the first strength zone is connected to a first transition layer, and the bottom of the first filter layer is connected to the top of the first transition layer.

4. The rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other side of the first strength zone is connected to the other side of the fully weathered rock zone to form a first inclined surface, and the other side of the second strength zone is connected to the other side of the fully strongly weathered rock zone to form a second inclined surface.

5. The rockfill dam according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rockfill dam further comprises a first slope protection and a second slope protection, wherein the first slope protection is arranged on the first inclined surface, and the second slope protection is arranged on the second inclined surface.

6. The rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rockfill dam further comprises a concrete pad, the bottom of the asphalt concrete core wall is connected to the top of the concrete pad, and the bottom of the concrete pad is connected with curtain grouting.

7. The rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rockfill dam also includes a second transition layer, a third transition layer and a second inverse filter layer, wherein the second transition layer is wrapped around the outer side of the asphalt concrete core wall, one end of the third transition layer is connected to the bottom of the second transition layer, the top of the third transition layer is connected to the bottom of the first strength zone, the bottom of the third transition layer is connected to the top of the second inverse filter layer, the bottom of the second inverse filter layer is connected to the ground, and the other end of the third transition layer is connected to the second inverse filter layer and the ground.

8. The rockfill dam according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rockfill dam also includes a fourth transition layer, which is arranged between the second transition layer and the asphalt concrete core wall, one end of the second filter layer is connected to the bottom of the fourth transition layer, and the other end of the second filter layer extends to the other end of the third transition layer, and the distance from the other end of the third transition layer to the asphalt concrete core wall is a preset length.

9. The rockfill dam according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preset length is set to 30% of the height of the rockfill dam.

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