Floating island type platform assembled and launched on water surface by tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a floating island type platform for water surface assembly launching of a tunnel boring machine. The floating island type platform comprises a platform deck used for assembling the tunnel boring machine, a slope ramp used for collecting and releasing the tunnel boring machine, a floating body used for supporting the platform deck and provided with adjustable buoyancy and a platform position adjusting driver. The floating body floats on a water body, the platform deck is fixed above the floating body, the platform position adjusting driver is fixed on the floating body, the platform position adjusting driver is located in the water body, the slope ramp is of a tubular structure, one end of the slope ramp is connected with the platform deck, and the other end of the slope ramp is located in a soil body. Compared with the prior art, after the tunneling construction task of the current section of the tunnel is completed, the entrance can be closed, the artificial platform can be moved to the entrance position of the next section of the tunnel to open up a new tunneling section, the artificial platform can be reused, the use is more flexible, the operation can be carried out in an ultra-deep water area, and the application range is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment, in particular to a floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface. Background Art

[0002] The shield method is a commonly used tunnel construction method. This method usually requires the construction of working shafts at both ends of the tunnel for the launch and reception of the tunnel boring machine. When using the shield method for tunnel construction, one solution is to use a tunnel boring machine to start from the working shaft at one end of the tunnel and receive it at the working shaft at the other end to complete the tunnel excavation construction; another solution is to use two tunnel boring machines to start from the working shafts at both ends of the tunnel at the same time, and the tunnel boring machines dock in the middle of the tunnel to complete the tunnel excavation construction.

[0003] At present, the length between working shafts in shield tunnels, which can also be said to be the length of the tunnel, is usually less than 10km. If the tunnel is too long, more working shafts need to be set up in the middle of the tunnel for the departure or reception of the tunnel boring machine. This situation is more common in urban subway construction. For tunnels that cross inland rivers constructed using the shield method, working shafts are usually set up on both sides of the river.

[0004] In the construction of shield tunnels with working shafts, in addition to the working shaft, an underground space connected to the working shaft is also required. The working shaft is mainly used for the hoisting and assembly of the head and shell of the tunnel boring machine, and the underground space connected to the working shaft is used for the assembly of the frame. After the assembly of the head and frame of the tunnel boring machine is completed, the tunnel boring machine can start tunneling from the working shaft. In recent years, the construction of tunnels with shield tunneling without working shafts is on the rise. The shield tunneling without working shafts means that there is no need for a working shaft. The head, shell and frame of the tunnel boring machine are assembled on the ground and tunnel excavation can begin.

[0005] However, regardless of whether it is shield tunnel construction with a working shaft or shield tunnel construction without a working shaft, the departure and reception of the tunnel boring machine are both located in the land environment.

[0006] Internationally, the monthly progress of tunnels constructed by the shield method is about 600m. This construction progress is acceptable for tunnel construction in land environments. However, for ultra-long tunnel projects constructed by the shield method in wider water environments (more than 10km), this construction progress is difficult to meet the needs of actual engineering construction.

[0007] In summary, the construction technology characteristics of the traditional shield method are difficult to meet the needs of tunnel construction in ultra-wide and ultra-deep water environments. First, in the water environment, if the shield method with a working shaft is used, it is difficult to open up enough space in the underwater strata to complete the assembly of the tunnel boring machine equipment; if the shield method without a working shaft is used, the tunnel boring machine cannot directly carry out construction operations from the underwater riverbed or seabed due to the need for waterproofing of the tunnel boring machine. Secondly, ultra-wide waters mean that the length of the tunnel is much longer than the length of a general cross-river tunnel. If the traditional shield method is used, more working shafts need to be set up between the tunnels to improve the progress of tunnel construction. However, the ultra-deep water environment is a huge challenge both technically and economically for the construction of traditional working shafts to meet the needs of traditional shield method tunnel construction technology.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method that can break through the limitations of the existing shield method and meet the needs of tunnel construction in ultra-deep and ultra-wide water environments. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a fixed platform for assembling and starting a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, which can enable the tunnel boring machine to be assembled on the water surface in ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters and directly start tunnel excavation.

[0010] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0011] A floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, comprising a platform deck for assembling the tunnel boring machine, a ramp for retracting and launching the tunnel boring machine, a floating body with adjustable buoyancy for supporting the platform deck, and a platform position adjustment driver;

[0012] The floating body floats on the water body, the platform deck is fixed above the floating body, the platform position adjustment driver is fixed on the floating body, the platform position adjustment driver is located in the water body, and the ramp is a tubular structure, one end of the ramp is connected to the platform deck, and the other end is located in the soil body.

[0013] Preferably, the floating body comprises an air pressure chamber and an air pressure controller, the air pressure chamber is fixed below the platform deck, and the air pressure controller is connected to the air pressure chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the floating island type platform further comprises an anchor chain for stabilizing the position of the platform deck, one end of the anchor chain is fixed on the platform deck, and the other end is detachably connected to the soil.

[0015] Preferably, the platform position adjustment driver comprises a plurality of sub-adjustment units, and the sub-adjustment units are symmetrically distributed around the floating body.

[0016] Preferably, a gantry crane and a tunnel boring machine assembly area for assembling the tunnel boring machine are provided on the platform deck, and the gantry crane is fixed on the tunnel boring machine assembly area.

[0017] Preferably, a stockpiling area for stacking tunnel boring machine components and items for tunnel construction is provided on the platform deck.

[0018] Preferably, the platform deck is also provided with an office area for managing and controlling operations and construction on the fixed platform.

[0019] Preferably, the platform deck is also provided with a crane for loading and unloading equipment components and construction materials and an unloading area for temporarily storing the equipment components and construction materials to be loaded and unloaded, and the crane is fixed in the unloading area.

[0020] Preferably, the platform deck is also provided with a transport passage for transferring materials between the unloading area and the tunnel boring machine assembly area or the stockpiling area.

[0021] Preferably, fire passages and functional passages are provided on both sides of the ramp.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) This solution places a floating body under the platform deck and adjusts the buoyancy of the floating body so that the platform deck is located above the water body. The tunnel boring machine is assembled on the platform deck and enters the soil body through a ramp to start construction. The position of the platform deck can be adjusted by the platform position adjustment drive to change the excavation position of the tunnel.

[0024] By making the platform deck with a ramp float on the water, after the current section tunnel excavation construction task is completed, the entrance can be closed and the artificial platform can be moved to the entrance of the next section tunnel to open up a new excavation section. The artificial platform can be reused, which is more flexible to use, avoids the construction of a one-time working well, facilitates transfer, and improves the efficiency of tunnel construction.

[0025] (2) This scheme can break the limitations of traditional shield tunnel construction technology in land environments and achieve a breakthrough in the implementation of shield tunnel construction in ultra-deep water environments. The air pressure chamber facilitates the movement of the entire platform deck, avoiding the consideration of water depth when digging wells or building foundations with construction soil. By adjusting the length of the ramp, the floating island platform can adapt to construction environments of various water depths and has a wider range of applications.

[0026] (3) This scheme can set up multiple floating island platforms. By opening up more floating island platform working surfaces, the construction length of a single tunnel can be shortened, and multiple sections of tunnels can be constructed simultaneously, further improving the construction progress of ultra-deep, ultra-wide and ultra-long tunnels in ultra-long waters, and significantly shortening the construction period of ultra-long tunnels.

[0027] (4) This solution can make up for the shortcomings of the tunnel boring machine itself and other existing supporting technologies such as ventilation during the construction period by shortening the construction length of a single tunnel boring machine. In addition, by shortening the construction period of ultra-deep and ultra-wide water environment tunnel projects, the tunnel can be put into operation as soon as possible and generate social and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal schematic diagram of the artificial platform of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a horizontal schematic diagram of the artificial platform of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the deck area of ​​the artificial platform according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the platform position adjustment driver according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ramp described in the present invention;

[0033] Among them, 1. platform deck, 2. anchor chain, 3. gantry crane, 4. air pressure chamber, 5. ramp, 6. air pressure controller, 7. crane, 8. water surface line, 9. water body, 10. soil body, 11. soil surface line, 12. platform position adjustment drive, 13. transportation channel, 14. office area, 15. unloading area, 16. stockpiling area, 17. functional pipeline gallery, 18. fire passage, 19. tunnel boring machine limit space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a floating island platform for assembling a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, characterized in that it includes a platform deck 1 for assembling the tunnel boring machine, a ramp 5 for retracting and releasing the tunnel boring machine, a floating body with adjustable buoyancy for supporting the platform deck 1, and a platform position adjustment driver 12;

[0042] The floating body floats on the water body 9, the platform deck 1 is fixed above the floating body, the platform position adjustment driver 12 is fixed on the floating body, the platform position adjustment driver 12 is located in the water body 9, and the ramp 5 is a tubular structure, one end of the ramp is connected to the platform deck 1, and the other end is located in the soil body 10.

[0043] Working principle: The floating body is set under the platform deck 1. By adjusting the buoyancy of the floating body, the platform deck 1 is located on the water body 9. The tunnel boring machine is assembled on the platform deck 1. The tunnel boring machine enters the soil body 10 through the ramp 5 and starts construction. The position of the platform deck 1 can be adjusted by the platform position adjustment driver 12 to change the excavation position of the tunnel.

[0044] In this solution, a floating body is arranged below the platform deck 1, and the buoyancy of the floating body is adjusted so that the platform deck 1 is located on the water body 9. A tunnel boring machine is assembled on the platform deck 1, and the tunnel boring machine enters the soil body 10 through the ramp 5 to start construction. The position of the platform deck 1 can be adjusted by the platform position adjustment driver 12 to change the excavation position of the tunnel.

[0045] By making the platform deck 1 with the ramp 5 float on the water, after the tunnel excavation construction task of the current section is completed, the entrance can be closed and the artificial platform can be moved to the entrance position of the next section tunnel to open up a new excavation section, so that the artificial platform can be reused, which is more flexible to use, avoids the construction of a one-time working well, is convenient for transfer, and improves the efficiency of tunnel construction.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the floating body includes an air pressure chamber 4 and an air pressure controller 6, the air pressure chamber 4 is fixed below the platform deck 1, and the air pressure controller 6 is connected to the air pressure chamber 4. The platform deck 1 is propped up by inflating the air pressure chamber 4, and the air pressure controller 6 can adjust the buoyancy of the air pressure chamber 4 according to the weight of the items on the platform deck 1 and the draft of the platform, so that the platform remains floating, ensuring that the safety of the platform is more adaptable to environmental changes, and improving the use range of the platform, so that the platform deck 1 is located above the surface line 8 of the water body.

[0047] Furthermore, the floating island platform also includes an anchor chain 2 for stabilizing the position of the platform deck 1, one end of the anchor chain 2 is fixed to the platform deck 1, and the other end is detachably connected to the soil 10. The anchor chain 2 is arranged around the platform deck 1, and the platform is fixed to a certain extent by the anchor chain 2, so as to ensure the stability of the platform deck 1 during operation, and better cope with the changing conditions at sea.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the platform position adjustment driver 12 includes a plurality of sub-adjustment units, which are symmetrically distributed around the floating body. For a rectangular platform, 16 sub-adjustment units are arranged at the four ends of the platform, so that the platform can move or turn in any direction.

[0049] It can break the limitations of traditional shield tunnel construction technology in land environments and achieve a breakthrough in the implementation of shield tunneling construction in ultra-deep water environments. The air pressure chamber facilitates the movement of the entire platform deck and avoids the consideration of water depth when digging wells or building foundations with construction soil. By adjusting the length of the ramp, the floating island platform can adapt to construction environments of various water depths and has a wider range of applications.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the platform deck 1 is divided into a tunnel boring machine assembly area, a material stacking area 16, an office area 14, a transport passage 13 and an unloading area 15 according to functions and work requirements.

[0051] Specifically, the tunnel boring machine assembly area is located on the platform deck 1, which is used to assemble tunnel boring machines and is the tunnel boring machine assembly operation area; the stockpiling area 16 is located on the platform deck 1, which is used to stack tunnel boring machine components and materials such as items for tunnel construction; the office area 14 is located on the platform deck 1, which is used for the management and control of the entire operation and construction process; the transportation channel 13 is located on the platform deck 1, which is used for the transfer of equipment components and construction materials from the dock to the stockpiling area 16 and the tunnel boring machine assembly area; the unloading area 15 is located on the platform deck, which is used for the loading and unloading of various parts and materials during the tunnel operation and construction process.

[0052] The platform deck 1 is also provided with a gantry crane 3, a crane 7 and a ramp entrance.

[0053] The gantry crane 3 is arranged on the platform deck 1 and is used for hoisting the functional components of the tunnel boring machine to ensure the smooth installation of the tunnel boring machine. The gantry crane is located in the tunnel boring machine assembly area; the crane 7 is arranged on the platform deck and is used for loading and unloading various components and materials inside and outside the platform. The crane is located in the unloading area 15.

[0054] Furthermore, the functional areas and equipment such as the tunnel boring machine assembly area, gantry crane, ramp entrance, material storage area, office area, unloading dock and crane can be adjusted according to the specific needs of the project. According to the tunnel construction steps, multiple coordinated areas are set on the platform deck 1, with reasonable structural division and more orderly overall operation.

[0055] Multiple fixed platforms can be set up, and by opening up more fixed platform working surfaces, the construction length of a single tunnel excavation can be shortened, which can make up for the shortcomings of other existing supporting technologies such as the tunnel boring machine body and ventilation during the construction period. By shortening the construction period of ultra-deep and ultra-wide water environment tunnel projects, the tunnel can be put into operation as soon as possible and generate social and economic benefits.

[0056] Specifically, the ramp entrance is located on the platform deck 1, and is used for the assembled tunnel boring machine to enter the ramp and descend to the underwater soil to start tunnel excavation construction;

[0057] like Figure 5As shown, the ramp 5 includes a tunnel boring machine starting channel, a functional channel 17 and a fire fighting channel 18. The middle of the ramp is the channel where the tunnel boring machine starts to enter the bottom of the water and start tunneling. Functional channels 17 and fire fighting channels 18 are arranged on both sides of the ramp. The length and inclination angle of the ramp 5 are determined according to the depth from the platform deck to the underwater rock and soil body and the inclination angle applicable to different tunnel boring machines. The cross-sectional shape of the ramp 5 can be set to be circular or square, and the cross-sectional size is determined according to the tunnel boring machine limit space 19 that the tunnel boring machine can pass through.

[0058] The surface assembly platform and the ramp 5 are connected together through the ramp entrance, usually with a flexible connection, and the ramp and the surface assembly platform are ensured not to fall off due to the influence of wind and waves in the sea area. The other end of the ramp 5 is fixed in the soil, below the soil surface line 11; the tunnel boring machine starting channel is located inside the ramp, and is used for the tunnel boring machine to start from the surface assembly platform to the underwater soil and start tunneling; the energy pipe gallery and the fire fighting channel are located inside the ramp, on both sides of the tunnel boring machine starting channel. The energy pipe gallery is located above the fire fighting channel.

[0059] Through the elaboration of the examples of the content of the present invention, a complete set of artificial platforms for shield tunnel construction in ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters can be completed, thereby completing the shield tunnel construction that cannot be achieved by traditional technology in such environmental conditions. Multiple floating island platforms can be set up, and by opening up more floating island platform working surfaces, the length of a single tunnel construction can be shortened, which can make up for the deficiencies of other existing supporting technologies such as the tunnel boring machine body and ventilation during the construction period; by shortening the construction period of the ultra-deep and ultra-wide water environment tunnel project, the tunnel can be put into operation as soon as possible and form social and economic benefits.

[0060] The present invention provides a floating island-type artificial platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, which can open up more working surfaces on the tunnel route crossing ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters, improve the construction progress of ultra-long tunnels in ultra-deep and ultra-wide waters, greatly shorten the construction period of ultra-long tunnels, and make up for the deficiencies of other existing supporting technologies such as the tunnel boring machine body and ventilation during the construction period.

[0061] The preferred specific embodiments of the utility model are described in detail above. It should be understood that ordinary technicians in this field can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the utility model without creative work. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by technicians in this technical field based on the concept of the utility model through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the existing technology should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface, characterized in that: It comprises a platform deck (1) for assembling a tunnel boring machine, a ramp (5) for retracting and deploying the tunnel boring machine, a floating body with adjustable buoyancy for supporting the platform deck (1), and a platform position adjustment driver (12); The floating body floats on the water body (9), the platform deck (1) is fixed above the floating body, the platform position adjustment driver (12) is fixed on the floating body, the platform position adjustment driver (12) is located in the water body (9), and the ramp (5) is a tubular structure, one end of the ramp is connected to the platform deck (1), and the other end is located in the soil body (10).

2. The floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating body comprises an air pressure chamber (4) and an air pressure controller (6); the air pressure chamber (4) is fixed below the platform deck (1); and the air pressure controller (6) is connected to the air pressure chamber (4).

3. The floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating island type platform also includes an anchor chain (2) for stabilizing the position of the platform deck (1); one end of the anchor chain (2) is fixed to the platform deck (1), and the other end is detachably connected to the soil (10).

4. The floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform position adjustment driver (12) comprises a plurality of sub-adjustment units, and the sub-adjustment units are symmetrically distributed around the floating body.

5. The floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gantry crane (3) and a tunnel boring machine assembly area for assembling a tunnel boring machine are provided on the platform deck (1); the gantry crane (3) is fixed on the tunnel boring machine assembly area.

6. The floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is provided with a stacking area (16) for stacking tunnel boring machine components and items for tunnel construction.

7. The floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is also provided with an office area (14) for controlling and managing operations and construction on the fixed platform.

8. The floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is also provided with a crane (7) for loading and unloading equipment parts and construction materials, and a cargo unloading area (15) for temporarily storing equipment parts and construction materials to be loaded and unloaded. The crane (7) is fixed in the cargo unloading area (15).

9. A floating island platform for assembling a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 5, 6 or 8, characterized in that: The platform deck (1) is also provided with a transport passage (13) for transferring materials between the unloading area (15) and the tunnel boring machine assembly area or the material stacking area (16).

10. The floating island platform for assembling and launching a tunnel boring machine on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: Firefighting passages (18) and functional passages (17) are provided on both sides of the ramp (5).

Images