Steering system and automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a steering system and a car, and relates to the technical field of car steering. The steering system comprises a wheel hub motor frame, a steering mechanism and a suspension mechanism, wherein the wheel hub motor frame is used to support the wheel hub motor; the steering mechanism comprises a driving motor, a reducer and a steering gear, wherein the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the input shaft of the reducer, the input end of the steering gear is connected to the output shaft of the reducer, and the output end of the steering gear is connected to the wheel hub motor frame; the suspension mechanism comprises an air spring shock absorber assembly, and the air spring shock absorber assembly is connected to the output end of the steering gear through the wheel hub motor frame. The wheel hub motor frame provided in the steering system can not only support the connection between the wheel hub motor and the wheel hub, so that the wheel hub motor drives the wheel to move independently; and the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism can be connected to the wheel through the wheel hub motor frame, so that the connection relationship between the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism and the wheel is simple, and occupies little space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile steering, and in particular to a steering system and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] When a car is driving, the driver uses the car steering system to make the wheels on the car's steering axle deflect a certain angle relative to the car's longitudinal axis to change the vehicle's driving direction. Its main function is to ensure that the car can turn and drive according to the driver's will. When the car is turning, its steering angle directly affects the flexibility of the car. Based on the structure of the current steering system, the steering angle of a general car is 30° to 40°, the steering angle of a van is basically 30° to 34°, and the steering angle of cars, SUVs and other models is 40°.

[0003] As the vehicle saturation level increases, the driving and parking space for individual vehicles becomes smaller and smaller, and the problem of driving and parking difficulties becomes more and more obvious, especially for people with unskilled driving skills and special vehicles driving under complex working conditions. If 90° on-the-spot turning can be achieved, it will greatly facilitate the driver's control of the car.

[0004] In the prior art, the steering horn provided on the steering gear is connected to the wheel, the upper swing arm and the lower swing arm, and the upper swing arm is connected to the balance bar and the shock absorber through the balance shaft. At the same time, the front support and the rear support of the lower swing arm can rotate around the rotation axis, so that the wheel can turn 90 degrees to achieve lateral travel. However, the steering gear is connected to the upper swing arm and the lower swing arm through multiple connecting parts, which has a complex structure and occupies a large space, which is not conducive to the overall layout of the vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a steering system to achieve a simple connection relationship between the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism and the wheels, and to occupy a small space, which is beneficial to the overall layout of the vehicle.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A steering system comprising:

[0008] A wheel hub motor frame, wherein the wheel hub motor frame is used to support the wheel hub motor;

[0009] A steering mechanism, the steering mechanism comprising a drive motor, a reducer and a steering gear, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the input shaft of the reducer, the input end of the steering gear is connected to the output shaft of the reducer, and the output end of the steering gear is connected to the hub motor frame;

[0010] A suspension mechanism, wherein the suspension mechanism comprises an air spring shock absorber assembly, and the air spring shock absorber assembly is connected to the output end of the steering gear through the wheel hub motor frame.

[0011] Optionally, the hub motor frame comprises:

[0012] A mounting seat, the mounting seat is used to support the hub motor;

[0013] An upper connecting arm, one end of which is connected to the mounting seat, and the other end of which is connected to the output end of the steering gear and the air spring shock absorber assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the suspension mechanism also includes a first cross arm and a second cross arm, and the air spring shock absorber assembly includes a first air spring shock absorber assembly and a second air spring shock absorber assembly, the first cross arm is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly, and the second cross arm is connected to the second air spring shock absorber assembly.

[0015] Optionally, the hub motor frame further includes a lower connecting arm, one end of which is connected to the mounting seat, and the other end of which is connected to the second air spring shock absorber assembly, and the upper connecting arm is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly.

[0016] Optionally, the upper connecting arm and the lower connecting arm are both L-shaped, the upper connecting arm includes a first support arm and a first connecting arm, the lower connecting arm includes a second support arm and a second connecting arm, the first support arm and the second support arm are respectively connected to the mounting seat, the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm are both parallel to the axis of the mounting seat, the output end of the steering gear is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly through the first connecting arm; the second air spring shock absorber assembly is connected to the lower end of the second connecting arm.

[0017] Optionally, a through hole is provided on the first connecting arm, and one end of the first air spring shock absorber assembly extends out of the through hole and is threadedly connected to an output end of the steering gear.

[0018] Optionally, the hub motor is arranged in the wheel hub of the front wheel and / or the rear wheel.

[0019] Optionally, the reducer is a two-stage planetary reducer.

[0020] Optionally, the steering gear is a recirculating ball steering gear, a worm roller steering gear or a rack and pinion steering gear.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a car, so that the suspension mechanism of the car occupies a small space and the overall layout of the whole car is reasonable.

[0022] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0023] A car comprises the steering system.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The steering system provided by the present invention supports the hub motor by setting a hub motor frame, and the steering gear is connected with the suspension mechanism and the wheel through the hub motor frame, so as to drive the wheel to achieve 90° steering. The hub motor frame provided in the steering system can not only support the hub motor to be connected with the wheel hub, so that the hub motor drives the wheel to move independently; and the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism can be connected with the wheel through the hub motor frame, and the hub motor frame occupies a small space. Compared with the multiple connecting parts of the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism in the prior art, the setting of the hub motor frame makes the connection relationship between the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism and the wheel simple, and reduces the occupied space, which is beneficial to the overall layout of the whole vehicle.

[0026] The automobile provided by the present invention adopts the above steering system, which reduces the space occupied by the automobile suspension mechanism and makes the overall layout of the automobile reasonable. The suspension mechanism adopts a double wishbone suspension to make the vehicle load high, and the steering mechanism adopts a two-stage planetary reducer to reasonably distribute the sprung and unsprung masses by optimizing the reduction ratio of the planetary gears; the recirculating ball steering gear is adopted to increase the output torque and achieve good steering operability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a hub motor frame provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1. Drive motor; 2. Double-stage planetary reducer; 3. Universal drive shaft; 4. Recirculating ball steering gear; 5. Hub motor frame; 6. Air spring shock absorber assembly; 8. Hub motor; 9. Tire;

[0031] 51. mounting seat; 52. upper connecting arm; 53. lower connecting arm; 61. first air spring shock absorber assembly; 62. second air spring shock absorber assembly; 71. first cross arm; 72. second cross arm;

[0032] 521, first supporting arm; 522, first connecting arm; 531, second supporting arm; 532, second connecting arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

[0035] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0038] Current automobile steering systems are mainly divided into mechanical steering systems, mechanical hydraulic power steering systems, electronic hydraulic power steering systems, and electric power steering systems. Although these steering systems have different power sources and control methods, their steering angles are all less than 45°, and the wheels affect each other.

[0039] In order to solve the problem of limited steering angle of existing steering systems, the present invention designs an independent steering mechanism, and arranges the hub motor 8 in the driving wheel, which can not only realize 90° steering of the wheel, but also ensure that the wheels do not affect each other and operate independently. Moreover, through reasonable arrangement, the connection relationship between the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism is simple and occupies little space, which is beneficial to the overall layout of the vehicle.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a steering system, which includes a hub motor frame 5, a steering mechanism and a suspension mechanism. The hub motor frame 5 is used to support the hub motor 8; the steering mechanism includes a drive motor 1, a reducer and a steering gear, the output shaft of the drive motor 1 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer, the input end of the steering gear is connected to the output shaft of the reducer, and the output end of the steering gear is connected to the hub motor frame 5; the suspension mechanism includes an air spring shock absorber assembly 6, and the air spring shock absorber assembly 6 is connected to the output end of the steering gear through the hub motor frame 5.

[0041] The steering system provided in this embodiment supports the hub motor 8 by setting a hub motor frame 5, and the steering gear is connected to the suspension mechanism and the wheel through the hub motor frame 5, so as to drive the wheel to achieve 90° steering. The hub motor frame 5 provided in the steering system can not only support the hub motor 8 to be connected to the wheel hub, so that the hub motor 8 drives the wheel to move independently; and the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism can be connected to the wheel through the hub motor frame 5, and the hub motor frame 5 occupies a small space. Compared with the multiple connecting parts of the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism in the prior art, the setting of the hub motor frame 5 makes the connection relationship between the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism simple, and reduces the occupied space, which is beneficial to the overall layout of the whole vehicle.

[0042] In the present embodiment, the drive motor 1 adopts a PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) motor, i.e., a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The PMSM motor has the advantages of high starting torque, high efficiency, short starting time and high overload capacity. The input end of the steering gear is connected to the output shaft of the reducer through a universal transmission shaft 3, so that the output torque is large and the steering operability is good. Since the elastic elements in the suspension mechanism vibrate due to impact, in order to improve the driving smoothness of the car, a shock absorber is installed in parallel with the elastic elements in the suspension mechanism. In order to attenuate the vibration, a hydraulic shock absorber is generally used in the shock absorbing system. The air spring shock absorber assembly 6 used in the present embodiment includes a hydraulic shock absorber and an air spring. Compared with other shock absorbers, the air spring shock absorber has the advantages of small mass, good comfort, fatigue resistance, and long service life.

[0043] Preferably, the reducer is a two-stage planetary reducer 2. In this embodiment, the reducer is a two-stage planetary reducer 2, and the function of the two-stage planetary reducer 2 is to reduce the high speed input by the drive motor 1 and to reasonably distribute the sprung and unsprung masses by optimizing the reduction ratio of the planetary gears. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of stages of the planetary reducer is set according to the size of the reduction, and can also be three or four stages.

[0044] In other embodiments, the reducer may also be a worm gear reducer, a gear reducer or other reducers, but the sprung and unsprung masses cannot be reasonably distributed.

[0045] Preferably, the steering gear is a recirculating ball steering gear 4. In the present embodiment, the steering gear adopts a recirculating ball steering gear 4, which generally has two transmission pairs, namely, the screw, the steel ball, and the nut form a first transmission pair, and the rack on the nut and the gear fan of the rocker arm shaft form a second transmission pair. When the recirculating ball steering gear 4 is working, when the torque acting on the steering wheel is transmitted to the steering screw through the steering transmission shaft, the force is transmitted to the steering nut through the steel ball, and the nut moves in the axial direction, and then drives the gear fan through the rack on the steering nut, that is, drives the rocker arm shaft and the rocker arm to rotate. The recirculating ball steering gear 4 has high transmission efficiency, easy operation, long service life, and stable and reliable operation.

[0046] In other embodiments, the steering gear may also be a worm roller steering gear. The worm roller steering gear includes a worm, a roller, a crank of a rocker shaft and a rocker shaft. The driver turns the steering wheel, and the steering transmission shaft drives the worm shaft and the worm integrated with it to rotate. At the same time, the spiral teeth on the worm will push the roller to rotate around the rocker shaft and make the rocker arm linked. However, the worm roller steering gear has a low transmission efficiency and is not as easy and comfortable to operate as the recirculating ball steering gear 4.

[0047] In other embodiments, the steering gear may also be a rack and pinion steering gear. The rack and pinion steering gear is the most common steering gear. When working, the torque acting on the steering wheel is transmitted to the driving gear through the steering transmission shaft, and the driving gear pushes the rack to move, causing the wheel to deflect and realize steering. The rack and pinion steering gear has a simple structure, low cost, sensitive steering and small size.

[0048] Alternatively, if Figure 2As shown, the hub motor frame 5 includes a mounting seat 51 and an upper connecting arm 52, the mounting seat 51 is used to support the hub motor 8; one end of the upper connecting arm 52 is connected to the mounting seat 51, and the other end is connected to the output end of the steering gear and the air spring shock absorber assembly 6. Preferably, the suspension mechanism also includes a first cross arm 71 and a second cross arm 72, the air spring shock absorber assembly 6 includes a first air spring shock absorber assembly 61 and a second air spring shock absorber assembly 62, the first cross arm 71 is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly 61, and the second cross arm 72 is connected to the second air spring shock absorber assembly 62. The double wishbone suspension mechanism is adopted, and the load is high. Of course, in other embodiments, a longitudinal arm beam structure can also be adopted, but compared with the double wishbone structure, the longitudinal arm beam has a small load.

[0049] Optionally, the hub motor frame 5 further includes a lower connecting arm 53, one end of the lower connecting arm 53 is connected to the mounting seat 51, and the other end is connected to the second air spring shock absorber assembly 62, and the upper connecting arm 52 is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly 62. Specifically, the upper connecting arm 52 and the lower connecting arm 53 are both L-shaped, the upper connecting arm 52 includes a first support arm 521 and a first connecting arm 522, the lower connecting arm 53 includes a second support arm 531 and a second connecting arm 532, the first support arm 521 and the second support arm 531 are respectively connected to the mounting seat 51, the first connecting arm 522 and the second connecting arm 532 are both parallel to the axis of the mounting seat 51, the output end of the steering gear is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly 61 through the first connecting arm 522; the second air spring shock absorber assembly 62 is connected to the lower end of the second connecting arm 532. Specifically, a through hole is provided on the first connecting arm 522 , and one end of the first air spring shock absorber assembly 61 extends out of the through hole and is threadedly connected to the output end of the steering gear.

[0050] In this embodiment, one end of the first air spring shock absorber assembly 61 is provided with an external thread, and one end of the rocker arm shaft of the recirculating ball steering gear 4 is provided with a threaded hole, so that the first air spring shock absorber assembly 61 and the recirculating ball steering gear 4 are threadedly connected, and then the first air spring shock absorber assembly 61 is locked and fixed with a nut to the first connecting arm 522. The hub motor frame 5 is set according to the specifications of the wheel. The hub motor frame 5 is not only used to support the hub motor 8, but also an important connecting part between the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism, which is equivalent to a universal joint, transmitting the driving force and steering torque to the wheel. Connecting the steering mechanism and the suspension mechanism through the hub motor frame 5 not only realizes 90° steering, but also optimizes the layout of the suspension mechanism, so that the suspension mechanism occupies a smaller space and has a more compact structure, which is conducive to the reasonable layout of the whole vehicle.

[0051] In this embodiment, the length of the first support arm 521 is greater than the length of the second support arm 531. Because the air spring shock absorber assembly 6 is limited in its installation method, it can generally only be supported vertically, cannot be twisted, and the deflection does not exceed 5°, otherwise it will leak. In order to ensure the installation of the first air spring shock absorber 61 and minimize the occupied space of the entire suspension mechanism, the length of the first support arm 521 is set to be greater than the length of the second support arm 531.

[0052] Optionally, the wheel hub motor 8 is arranged in the wheel hub of the front wheel and / or the rear wheel. The wheel hub motor 8 is installed in the wheel hub, and then the wheel hub and the tire 9 are installed together. The wheel hub motor 8 is configured according to the driving mode of the car. If the car is front-wheel drive, the wheel hub motor 8 is arranged in the wheel hub of the front wheel; if it is rear-wheel drive, the wheel hub motor 8 is arranged in the wheel hub of the rear wheel; if it is four-wheel drive, the wheel hub motor 8 is arranged in the wheel hub of the front wheel and the rear wheel, so that the wheel hub motor 8 directly drives the wheel to travel, and the wheels do not affect each other, so that independent control is achieved.

[0053] The working principle of the steering system provided in this embodiment is:

[0054] The driver turns the steering wheel to drive the motor 1. The two-stage planetary reducer 2 reduces the high speed input by the drive motor 1 by optimizing the reduction ratio of the planetary gears, and drives the recirculating ball steering gear 4 to rotate through the universal joint drive shaft 3. The recirculating ball steering gear 4 drives the hub motor frame 5 to rotate, indirectly driving the tire 9 to rotate 90 degrees, and then the hub motor 8 drives the tire 9 to move forward and backward.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a car, which adopts the above-mentioned steering system, reduces the space occupied by the car suspension mechanism, and makes the overall layout of the car reasonable. The suspension mechanism adopts a double wishbone suspension with high load, and the steering mechanism adopts a two-stage planetary reducer 2 and a recirculating ball steering gear 4. By optimizing the reduction ratio of the planetary gear, the sprung and unsprung masses are reasonably distributed, and the universal transmission shaft 3 and the recirculating ball steering gear 4 are adopted to increase the output torque and achieve good steering operability.

[0056] The above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, according to the concept of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. The content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A steering system, characterized in that: include: A wheel hub motor frame (5), wherein the wheel hub motor frame (5) is used to support the wheel hub motor (8); A steering mechanism, the steering mechanism comprising a drive motor (1), a reducer and a steering gear, the output shaft of the drive motor (1) being connected to the input shaft of the reducer, the input end of the steering gear being connected to the output shaft of the reducer, and the output end of the steering gear being connected to the wheel hub motor frame (5); A suspension mechanism, the suspension mechanism comprising an air spring shock absorber assembly (6), the air spring shock absorber assembly (6) being connected to an output end of the steering gear via the wheel hub motor frame (5); The hub motor frame (5) comprises: A mounting seat (51), the mounting seat (51) being used to support the wheel hub motor (8); An upper connecting arm (52), one end of the upper connecting arm (52) being connected to the mounting seat (51), and the other end of the upper connecting arm (52) being connected to the output end of the steering gear and the air spring shock absorber assembly (6); The suspension mechanism further comprises a first cross arm (71) and a second cross arm (72); the air spring shock absorber assembly (6) comprises a first air spring shock absorber assembly (61) and a second air spring shock absorber assembly (62); the first cross arm (71) is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly (61), and the second cross arm (72) is connected to the second air spring shock absorber assembly (62); The wheel hub motor frame (5) further comprises a lower connecting arm (53), one end of the lower connecting arm (53) is connected to the mounting seat (51), and the other end is connected to the second air spring shock absorber assembly (62), and the upper connecting arm (52) is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly (61); The upper connecting arm (52) and the lower connecting arm (53) are both L-shaped, the upper connecting arm (52) comprises a first support arm (521) and a first connecting arm (522), the lower connecting arm (53) comprises a second support arm (531) and a second connecting arm (532), the first supporting arm (521) and the second supporting arm (531) are respectively connected to the mounting seat (51), the first connecting arm (522) and the second connecting arm (532) are both parallel to the axis of the mounting seat (51), the output end of the steering gear is connected to the first air spring shock absorber assembly (61) through the first connecting arm (522); the second air spring shock absorber assembly (62) is connected to the lower end of the second connecting arm (532); The length of the first support arm (521) is greater than the length of the second support arm (531).

2. The steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting arm (522) is provided with a through hole, and one end of the first air spring shock absorber assembly (61) extends out of the through hole and is threadedly connected to the output end of the steering gear.

3. The steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel hub motor (8) is arranged in the wheel hub of the front wheel and / or the rear wheel.

4. The steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer is a two-stage planetary reducer (2).

5. The steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering gear is a recirculating ball steering gear (4), a worm roller steering gear or a gear rack steering gear.

6. A car, characterized in that: It comprises the steering system according to any one of claims 1-5.

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