A dual-band transmission antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-band transmission antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate and a metal panel; the dielectric substrate is a square plate, the metal panel is a circular plate, there are several metal panels, and the metal panels are arranged in rows and columns and attached to the front and back surfaces of the dielectric substrate; the metal panel is a figure generated by etching and hollowing out, and the figure is divided into three parts: an internal resonant structure, an external resonant structure and a middle isolation ring based on the center of the circle; the invention uses the metal panel as a basic unit, and arranges several metal panels in rows and columns and attaches them to the front and back surfaces of the dielectric substrate to form a dual-band transmission antenna. Compared with the traditional single-band transmission antenna, the shaping of the resonant structure, the independent controllability of different frequency bands and the characteristics of dual-band operation are particularly prominent, and the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high transmission efficiency and convenient manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of microwave, wireless communication and test simulation, in particular to a dual-band transmission antenna. Background Art

[0002] Metamaterials refer to composite materials with artificially designed structures and extraordinary physical properties that natural materials do not have. Since the concept of metamaterials was proposed, the technology has become increasingly mature. Metamaterial units working in the microwave frequency band have the characteristics of small size, light weight, low profile, and easy integration. Transmission metamaterial antenna units are a type of phase shifter with a small profile, low mass, and planar characteristics. They are widely used in wireless communication systems. As spectrum resources become increasingly scarce, and in order to reduce mutual interference between antennas working in different frequency bands, the dual-band working characteristics of antennas or communication systems are becoming increasingly important.

[0003] The most common method to achieve dual-band is to use shared aperture technology and put resonators of different frequencies together. The problem is that this requires additional consideration of the impact of coupling between different resonant parts on unit performance, which not only greatly increases the size of the antenna unit but also increases the design complexity and increases the production cost. Therefore, it is necessary to design a dual-band circularly polarized transmission antenna. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-band transmission antenna to address the deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention adopts a metal panel with a pattern generated after etching and hollowing as a basic unit, and arranges several metal panels in rows and columns and adheres them to the front and back surfaces of a dielectric substrate to form a dual-band transmission antenna. Compared with the traditional single-band transmission antenna, the shaping of the resonant structure, the independent controllability of different frequency bands and the characteristics of dual-band operation are particularly prominent, and it has the advantages of simple structure, high transmission efficiency and easy production.

[0005] The specific technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is:

[0006] A dual-band transmission antenna, characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate and a metal panel; the dielectric substrate is a square plate, the metal panel is a circular plate, the metal panels are in a plurality of pieces, and the metal panels are arranged in rows and columns and attached to the front and back surfaces of the dielectric substrate;

[0007] The metal panel is a pattern generated by etching and hollowing out, and the pattern is divided into three parts: an internal resonant structure, an external resonant structure and a middle isolation ring based on the center of the circle;

[0008] The middle isolation ring is a closed ring; the internal resonance structure is arranged in the middle isolation ring; the internal resonance structure is composed of a central ring and four "T"-shaped rods, the four "T"-shaped rods are evenly distributed around the central ring, and the vertical rods of the "T"-shaped rods point to the central ring and are connected to the central ring;

[0009] The external resonant structure is located outside the middle isolation ring. The external resonant structure is composed of an outer ring, a secondary outer ring, a vertical connecting rod and a horizontal connecting rod. There are two vertical connecting rods, which are respectively arranged on the vertical connecting line passing through the center of the outer ring and the middle isolation ring. There are two horizontal connecting rods, which are respectively arranged on the horizontal connecting line passing through the center of the outer ring and the secondary outer ring.

[0010] The horizontal rod of the "T"-shaped rod is an arc-shaped rod.

[0011] The thickness of the central ring and the four "T"-shaped rods on the internal resonant structure is one unit; the thickness of the outer ring and the vertical connecting rod on the external resonant structure is one unit; the thickness of the middle isolation ring is two units; the thickness of the horizontal connecting rod on the external resonant structure is three units;

[0012] The gap between the outer ring and the secondary outer ring, the gap between the outer ring and the middle isolation ring, and the gap between the middle isolation ring and the horizontal rod on the "T"-shaped rod are one unit.

[0013] The material of the metal panel is copper.

[0014] The present invention adopts a metal panel with a pattern generated by etching and hollowing out as a basic unit, and arranges several metal panels in rows and columns and adheres them to the front and back surfaces of a dielectric substrate to form a dual-band transmission antenna. Compared with the traditional single-band transmission antenna, the shaping of the resonant structure, the independent controllability of different frequency bands and the characteristics of dual-band operation are particularly prominent, and it has the advantages of simple structure, high transmission efficiency and easy production.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that a pattern is generated by etching and hollowing out on a metal panel, and the pattern is divided into three parts, namely, an internal resonant structure, an external resonant structure and a middle isolation ring, based on the center of the circle; the internal resonant structure and the external resonant structure are used as unit resonant structures, and two different frequency points of 20 GHz and 28 GHz are set on the same metal panel through a shared aperture of the internal resonant structure and the external resonant structure, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and independent regulation performance of the resonant structure. In the application of wireless communication, the independent regulation of different frequency bands and the characteristics of dual-band operation are fully reflected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal panel of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the unit structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a transmission coefficient diagram tested by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a beam scanning diagram of the array composed of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention comprises a dielectric substrate 1 and a metal panel 2; the dielectric substrate 1 is a square plate, the metal panel 2 is a circular plate, the metal panel 2 is a plurality of sheets, and the metal panels 2 are arranged in rows and columns and attached to the front and back surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1;

[0022] The metal panel 2 is a pattern generated by etching and hollowing out, and the pattern is divided into three parts based on the center of the circle: an internal resonant structure 21, an external resonant structure 22, and a middle isolation ring 23;

[0023] Among them, the middle isolation ring 23 is a closed ring; the internal resonant structure 21 is arranged in the middle isolation ring 23; the internal resonant structure 21 is composed of a central ring and four "T"-shaped rods 212, the four "T"-shaped rods 212 are evenly distributed around the central ring, and the vertical rods of the "T"-shaped rods 212 point to the central ring and are connected to the central ring; the external resonant structure 22 is located outside the middle isolation ring 23, and the external resonant structure 22 is composed of an outer ring 221, a secondary outer ring 222, a horizontal connecting rod 224 and a vertical connecting rod 223. The horizontal connecting rod 224 is two pieces, and is separately arranged on the vertical line passing through the center of the circle between the outer ring 221 and the middle isolation ring 23, and the horizontal connecting rod 224 is two pieces, and is separately arranged on the vertical line passing through the center of the circle between the outer ring 221 and the secondary outer ring 222.

[0024] The horizontal rod of the "T"-shaped rod is an arc-shaped rod.

[0025] The thickness of the central ring and the four "T"-shaped rods 212 on the internal resonant structure 21 is one unit; the thickness of the outer ring 221 and the vertical connecting rod 223 on the external resonant structure 22 is one unit; the thickness of the middle isolation ring 23 is two units; the thickness of the horizontal connecting rod 224 on the external resonant structure 22 is three units;

[0026] The gap between the outer ring 221 and the secondary outer ring 222, the gap between the outer ring 221 and the middle isolation ring 23, and the gap between the middle isolation ring 23 and the horizontal rod on the "T"-shaped rod 212 are one unit.

[0027] The metal panel 2 is made of copper. Example

[0028] The present invention forms an internal resonant structure 21 and an external resonant structure 22 by etching a hollow pattern on a metal panel 2, and sets two frequency points of 20 GHz and 28 GHz on the same metal panel 2 through a shared aperture of the internal resonant structure 21 and the external resonant structure 22.

[0029] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 The dielectric substrate 1 of the present invention is a square PCB board, the metal panel 2 is a circular plate as a basic unit, the metal panel 2 is a plurality of pieces, and the metal panels 2 are arranged in rows and columns and attached to the front and back surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1;

[0030] See also Figure 2 The metal panel 2 of the present invention is a pattern generated by etching and hollowing out, and the pattern is divided into three parts, namely, an internal resonant structure 21, an external resonant structure 22 and a middle isolation ring 23, based on the center of the circle;

[0031] As a result, the internal resonant structure 21 and the external resonant structure 22 have a higher transmission efficiency for electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band. Different from the traditional single-frequency unit, the present invention adopts the internal resonant structure 21 and the external resonant structure 22 shared aperture technology, that is, the internal resonant structure 21 and the external resonant structure 22 are etched in the same unit, so that the metal panel 2 of the same unit has a higher transmission efficiency for electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands at the same time.

[0032] Targeting circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, high-frequency and low-frequency resonances can be effectively controlled by designing the patterns of the internal resonant structure 21 , the external resonant structure 22 and the middle isolation ring 23 on the metal panel 2 .

[0033] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 In order to improve the transmission efficiency of the present invention at the two frequency points of 20GHz and 28GHz, the internal resonant structure 21 and the external resonant structure 22 of the metal panel 2 are adjusted to rotate around the center of the circle by ±30º, ±60º or ±90º; or the internal resonant structure 21 and the external resonant structure 22 of the metal panel 2 are adjusted to rotate around the center of the circle by ±θ; θ=180° / 2*N, N=1,2,3…, which can ensure that the emitted electromagnetic wave obtains a phase value twice the rotation angle when the transmittance of the two frequency points of 20GHz and 28GHz exceeds 0.8 and 0.9 respectively. Adjusting the internal resonant structure to rotate around the center of the circle will not change the overall transmission efficiency of the unit, but will only make the emitted electromagnetic wave obtain a certain phase value, which is twice the rotation angle of the resonant structure.

[0034] See also Figure 4, the horizontal axis is the frequency, and the vertical axis is the transmission coefficient. The transmission curve obtained by irradiating the unit with circularly polarized electromagnetic waves is as follows Figure 4 Two stable peaks appear at the corresponding horizontal axes of 20 GHz and 28 GHz, respectively, indicating that when the resonant frequencies of the present invention are 20 GHz and 28 GHz, the transmission coefficients at the two resonant frequency points are 0.8 and 0.9, respectively, which meets the standard of high-efficiency transmission.

[0035] See also Figure 5 , is the far-field beam scanning diagram of the array arranged by the present invention; taking 20GHz as an example, when a 20GHz circularly polarized horn antenna is used as a feed source, the axis of the horn antenna is placed in a perpendicular relationship with the array, and by translating the horn to the left or right along the x-axis, a maximum angle coverage of 60 degrees can be achieved. Specifically, the array arranged by the present invention is placed perpendicular to the Z axis in a three-dimensional coordinate system, the lower surface of the array is located in the x0y plane, and the coordinates of the center point of the array are (0,0,0). A circularly polarized horn antenna is placed vertically 15mm below the center point of the array, and the coordinates of the center point of the aperture surface of the horn antenna are (0,0,-15). The electromagnetic waves emitted by the horn will form a directional beam after passing through the array, and the beam will form a certain deflection angle with the Z axis. By translating the horn along the X-axis, the deflection angle of the outgoing beam passing through the array will change. The black solid line in the figure is the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna when the horn is placed at (0,0,-15) and corresponds to X=0mm. It can be seen that the electromagnetic waves passing through the array have no angular deviation, and the angle between the main lobe and the z-axis is 0 degrees; the black dotted line in the figure corresponds to the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna when the horn is placed at (-5,0,-15) and corresponds to X=-5mm. It can be seen that the electromagnetic waves emitted by the horn have an angle deviation with the z-axis after passing through the array, and the angle between the main lobe and the z-axis is 30 degrees; the short black line corresponds to the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna when the horn is placed at (5,0,-15) and corresponds to X=5mm. It can be seen that the electromagnetic waves emitted by the horn have an angle of -30 degrees with the z-axis after passing through the array. By continuously moving the horn antenna horizontally like this, the angle between the outgoing beam and the z-axis will change continuously, thus realizing the function of beam scanning. However, when the angle between the main lobe direction and the z-axis is offset by 0 degrees, the corresponding gain will decrease. As shown in the figure, the gains at the peaks of the black dotted line and the black short line are lower than the gain at the peak of the black solid line.

Claims

1. A dual-band transmission antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a dielectric substrate (1) and a metal panel (2); the dielectric substrate (1) is a square plate, the metal panel (2) is a circular plate, the metal panel (2) is a plurality of sheets, and the metal panels (2) are arranged in rows and columns and attached to the front and back surfaces of the dielectric substrate (1); The metal panel (2) is a pattern generated by etching and hollowing out, and the pattern is divided into three parts based on the center of the circle: an internal resonant structure (21), an external resonant structure (22) and a middle isolation ring (23); The middle isolation ring (23) is a closed ring; the internal resonance structure (21) is arranged in the middle isolation ring (23); the internal resonance structure (21) is composed of a central ring and four "T"-shaped rods (212); the four "T"-shaped rods (212) are evenly distributed around the central ring, and the vertical rods of the "T"-shaped rods (212) point to the central ring and are connected to the central ring; the external resonance structure (22) is located in the middle isolation ring (23) On the outside, the external resonant structure (22) is composed of an outer circular ring (221), a secondary outer circular ring (222), a vertical connecting rod (223) and a horizontal connecting rod (224); the vertical connecting rod (223) is composed of two pieces and is separately arranged on a vertical connecting line passing through the center of the circle between the outer circular ring (221) and the middle isolation circular ring (23); the horizontal connecting rod (224) is composed of two pieces and is separately arranged on a horizontal connecting line passing through the center of the circle between the outer circular ring (221) and the secondary outer circular ring (222); wherein: The thickness of the central circular ring and the four "T"-shaped rods (212) on the internal resonant structure (21) is one unit; the thickness of the outer circular ring (221) and the vertical connecting rod (223) on the external resonant structure (22) is one unit; the thickness of the middle isolation circular ring (23) is two units; and the thickness of the horizontal connecting rod (224) on the external resonant structure (22) is three units; An internal resonant structure and an external resonant structure are used as unit resonant structures, and different frequency points are set on the same metal panel through a shared aperture of the internal resonant structure and the external resonant structure.

2. A dual-band transmission antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal rod of the "T"-shaped rod is an arc-shaped rod.

3. The dual-band transmission antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the outer ring (221) and the secondary outer ring (222), the gap between the outer ring (221) and the middle isolation ring (23), and the gap between the middle isolation ring (23) and the horizontal rod on the "T"-shaped rod (212) are one unit.

4. The dual-band transmission antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal panel (2) is made of copper.

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