Gear pump type continuously variable transmission

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gear pump type continuously variable transmission, which belongs to the technical field of transmissions. It includes a housing, a shell, an input shaft, a meshing gear assembly, an adaptive pressure regulating assembly and an output shaft; the upper and lower ends of the shell are respectively sealed and fixedly connected with an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the input shaft passes through the upper cover plate, and extends to the inside of the shell to be connected with the meshing gear assembly, the bottom center of the lower cover plate is fixedly connected with the output shaft, and the meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly are both installed in the shell. The present invention completely abandons the disadvantages of friction transmission, and uses hydraulic self-control torque conversion, with almost no friction wearing parts, and the transmission is locked at medium and high speeds, and there is no wear. The transmission also has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, low cost, long life, no complex electronic control system, etc., especially it can easily realize nearly rigid large torque continuously variable transmission, always output at maximum torque, and the transmission loss is extremely low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gear pump type continuously variable transmission, belonging to the technical field of transmissions. Background Art

[0002] At present, the common transmissions include manual transmission, dual-clutch automatic transmission, AT automatic transmission and CVT continuously variable transmission. Manual transmission is cumbersome to operate and frequent shifting requires more effort; dual-clutch transmission relies on controlling friction to achieve the purpose of shifting and changing speed, but frequent friction will inevitably cause damage to parts and transmission loss, and the dual-clutch transmission loss is large at low and medium speeds and there is a sense of frustration, the structure is complex and the cost is high; AT automatic transmission has problems such as large torque loss, high fuel consumption, untimely power and frustration, and the structure is complex and the cost is high; although CVT is continuously variable, its power transmission relies on the friction between the steel belt and the belt disk, the torque peak is limited, and starting weakness or belt slippage is a congenital defect, and the steel belt pressure is too large, the work is always working, and the bearings and steel belt are easily worn. Due to cost and torque issues, automatic transmission and continuously variable transmission are only used in small cars and cannot be used in buses and trucks. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gear pump type continuously variable transmission, which solves the problems of easy wear, limited torque peak and high cost of traditional transmissions.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] A gear pump type continuously variable transmission, comprising a case, a housing, an input shaft, a meshing gear assembly, an adaptive pressure regulating assembly and an output shaft;

[0006] The upper and lower ends of the shell are respectively sealed and fixedly connected with an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the input shaft passes through the upper cover plate and extends to the interior of the shell to be connected with the meshing gear assembly, the bottom center of the lower cover plate is fixedly connected with the output shaft, the meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly are both installed in the shell, a liquid circuit is formed between the meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly, the meshing gear assembly is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell, and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly is used to adjust the liquid flow rate between the meshing gear assembly and the shell to control the stepless increase or decrease of the transmission speed ratio.

[0007] As a preferred example, a transmission cavity and a reflux cavity are respectively provided at the upper and lower parts of the shell, and the meshing gear assembly is installed in the transmission cavity.

[0008] As a preferred example, the meshing gear assembly is an external meshing gear set, which includes a driving wheel and a plurality of driven wheels, the driving wheel is rotatably connected to the center of the transmission cavity, and the axis of the driving wheel is fixedly sleeved with the input shaft, the plurality of driven wheels are rotatably connected in the housing through a fixed axis, the plurality of driven wheels are evenly distributed in annular shapes on the outer periphery of the driving wheel, and are all meshed with the driving wheel, and the transmission cavity is further provided with a plurality of groups of oil outlet chambers and normal pressure chambers, each group of the oil outlet chambers and normal pressure chambers is respectively located at the discharge side and the suction side of each driven wheel;

[0009] A plurality of installation chambers and oil inlet chambers are arranged inside the reflux chamber, each of which corresponds to the oil outlet chamber and the normal pressure chamber respectively, and the top of each oil inlet chamber is connected to the normal pressure chamber through a one-way valve.

[0010] As a preferred example, each of the installation cavities is respectively connected to each oil outlet cavity, the number of the adaptive pressure regulating components is the same as the number of the installation cavities, the adaptive pressure regulating components include an automatic control valve, a centrifugal hammer, and a first reset spring, the automatic control valve is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity, the automatic control valve and the installation cavity are jointly provided with an oil outlet, the automatic control valve is connected to the oil inlet cavity through the oil outlet, the centrifugal hammer is fixedly connected to the automatic control valve, and is used to rotate the automatic control valve, and the two ends of the first reset spring are respectively fixedly connected to the centrifugal hammer and the inner wall of the shell, and are used to reset the centrifugal hammer after movement.

[0011] As a preferred example, the adaptive pressure regulating assembly also includes a pressure compensation chamber and a valve plate. The pressure compensation chamber is arranged on the inner wall of the installation chamber. The valve plate is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the pressure compensation chamber and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the automatic control valve. The pressure compensation chamber is located at both ends of the valve plate and is provided with pressure relief holes. The two pressure relief holes are respectively connected to the automatic control valve and the oil inlet chamber.

[0012] As a preferred example, shaft seals are provided at the connections between the input shaft and the casing and the shell.

[0013] As a preferred example, the meshing gear assembly is an internal meshing gear set, which includes an internal gear and an external gear, which are meshed with each other and eccentrically arranged, and the axis of the internal gear is fixedly sleeved with the input shaft, the internal meshing gear set is eccentrically arranged with the housing, the input shaft is concentrically arranged with the output shaft, an oil outlet bin and an oil inlet bin are respectively provided on the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, an oil return channel is provided between the oil outlet bin and the oil inlet bin, and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly is installed on the housing, and the two ends are respectively connected with the oil outlet bin and the oil inlet bin.

[0014] As a preferred example, the adaptive pressure regulating assembly includes a slider, a second return spring and a pressure groove. The slider is sealingly and slidingly connected inside the oil return channel. The second return spring is installed between the slider and the oil return channel. One end of the pressure groove is connected to the oil outlet tank, and the other end extends to the end of the slider away from the second return spring.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention completely abandons the disadvantages of friction transmission, uses hydraulic self-control torque conversion, has almost no friction wearing parts, and the transmission is locked at medium and high speeds, and has no friction. The transmission also has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, low cost, long life, and no complex electronic control system. In particular, it can easily achieve nearly rigid high-torque stepless speed change, always outputs at maximum torque, and has extremely low transmission loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the housing in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 AA cross-section diagram;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 1 BB cross-section diagram;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an adaptive voltage regulating component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of part C

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 7 DD-direction cross-section diagram;

[0024] Fig. 9 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship in the cross section.

[0025] In the figure: box body 1, shell body 2, driven wheel 3, fixed shaft 4, oil outlet chamber 5, normal pressure chamber 6, input shaft 7, driving wheel 8, installation chamber 9, automatic control valve 10, one-way valve 11, oil inlet chamber 12, upper cover plate 13, oil outlet 14, centrifugal hammer 15, first return spring 16, lower cover plate 17, output shaft 18, pressure compensation chamber 19, valve plate 20, slider 21, oil return channel 22, oil inlet bin 23, internal gear 24, external gear 25, oil outlet bin 26, pressure groove 27. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the gear pump type continuously variable transmission comprises a case 1, a housing 2, an input shaft 7, a meshing gear assembly, an adaptive pressure regulating assembly and an output shaft 18;

[0029] The upper and lower ends of the shell 2 are respectively sealed and fixedly connected with an upper cover plate 13 and a lower cover plate 17. The input shaft 7 passes through the upper cover plate 13 and extends to the interior of the shell 2 to be connected to the meshing gear assembly. The bottom center of the lower cover plate 17 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 18. The meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly are both installed in the shell 2. A liquid circuit is formed between the meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly. The meshing gear assembly is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell 2. The adaptive pressure regulating assembly is used to adjust the liquid flow rate between the meshing gear assembly and the shell 2 to control the stepless increase or decrease of the transmission speed ratio.

[0030] A transmission cavity and a reflux cavity are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the housing 2, and the meshing gear assembly is installed in the transmission cavity.

[0031] The meshing gear assembly is an external meshing gear set, which includes a driving wheel 8 and a plurality of driven wheels 3. The driving wheel 8 is rotatably connected to the center of the transmission chamber, and the axis of the driving wheel 8 is fixedly sleeved with the input shaft 7. The plurality of driven wheels 3 are rotatably connected to the housing 2 through a fixed shaft 4. The plurality of driven wheels 3 are evenly distributed in an annular shape on the outer periphery of the driving wheel 8 and are all meshed with the driving wheel 8. A plurality of groups of oil outlet chambers 5 and normal pressure chambers 6 are also provided in the transmission chamber, and each group of oil outlet chambers 5 and normal pressure chambers 6 are respectively located on the discharge side and the suction side of each driven wheel 3.

[0032] A plurality of installation chambers 9 and oil inlet chambers 12 are arranged inside the reflux chamber, and each group of installation chambers 9 and oil inlet chambers 12 respectively corresponds to the oil outlet chamber 5 and the normal pressure chamber 6, and the top of each oil inlet chamber 12 is connected to the normal pressure chamber 6 through a one-way valve 11, and the oil inlet direction of the one-way valve 11 is from the oil inlet chamber 12 to the normal pressure chamber 6.

[0033] Each installation cavity 9 is connected with each oil outlet cavity 5 respectively. The number of the adaptive pressure regulating components is the same as the number of the installation cavities 9. The adaptive pressure regulating components include an automatic control valve 10, a centrifugal hammer 15, and a first reset spring 16. The automatic control valve 10 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the installation cavity 9. The automatic control valve 10 and the installation cavity 9 are provided with an oil outlet 14. The automatic control valve 10 is connected with the oil inlet cavity 12 through the oil outlet 14. The main body of the automatic control valve 10 is cylindrical. The oil outlet 14 is provided at the waist of the automatic control valve 10, and its opening direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the housing 2. It is worth noting that the upper and lower and outer walls of the automatic control valve 10 should fit the installation cavity 9 tightly and freely. The inner wall of the automatic control valve 10 can prevent transmission oil leakage. The maximum oil outlet flow of the automatic control valve 10 is less than the minimum idle flow of the external gear pump group. The centrifugal hammer 15 is fixedly connected to the automatic control valve 10. An air avoidance groove is provided on the mounting cavity 9. The hammer head is located in the oil inlet cavity 12. The hammer handle extends into the air avoidance groove and is fixed to the outside of the automatic control valve 10 for rotating the automatic control valve 10. The two ends of the first reset spring 16 are respectively fixedly connected to the centrifugal hammer 15 and the inner wall of the housing 2 for resetting the centrifugal hammer 15 after movement.

[0034] The adaptive pressure regulating assembly also includes a pressure compensation chamber 19 and a valve plate 20. The pressure compensation chamber 19 is arranged on the inner wall of the installation chamber 9. The valve plate 20 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure compensation chamber 19 and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the automatic control valve 10. The pressure compensation chamber 19 is located at both ends of the valve plate 20 and is provided with pressure relief holes. The two pressure relief holes are respectively connected to the automatic control valve 10 and the oil inlet chamber 12.

[0035] Shaft seals are provided at the connections between the input shaft 7 and the housing 1 and the shell 2. The shell 2 is arranged inside the housing 1, and the periphery is isolated from the outside by sealing strips and sealing rings to prevent transmission oil from leaking out.

[0036] Working principle: the driving wheel 8 is input with power by the clutch through the input shaft 7, and each driven wheel 3 is firmly connected to the housing 2 through the fixed shaft 4, and only rotates on the fixed shaft 4. The driving wheel 8 and the driven wheel 3 are combined into a linked external gear pump group. Under normal conditions, the maximum outlet flow rate of the adaptive pressure regulating component is slightly smaller than the minimum idle flow rate of the external gear pump group. At this time, the engine drives the driving wheel 8 to rotate at idle speed, and links multiple driven wheels 3 to press the transmission oil from the normal pressure chamber 6 into the oil outlet chamber 5. After passing through the adaptive pressure regulating component, the transmission oil enters the installation chamber 9 and then enters the oil inlet chamber 12, thereby achieving the effect of a micro-hysteresis closed cycle of the oil circuit. The power output is equivalent to the first gear. When the generator is switched from idle to working condition, the driving wheel 8 links the driven wheel 3 to accelerate, and the amount of transmission oil pressed from the normal pressure chamber 6 into the oil outlet chamber 5 by the external gear pump group is greater than the maximum oil output of the adaptive pressure regulating component. The internal pressure of the oil outlet chamber 5 increases, driving the housing 2 to link the output shaft 18 to accelerate, and the centrifugal hammer 15 overcomes the first return spring 16 under the action of the gradually increasing centrifugal force. The elastic force gradually drives the automatic control valve 10 to rotate, and the oil outlet 14 is closed synchronously, so as to automatically control the speed ratio and realize instant peak stepless speed change. When the rotation speed of the housing 2 gradually decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, and the centrifugal hammer 15 gradually returns to its original position under the elastic force of the first return spring 16, and the oil outlet 14 is opened synchronously at the corresponding position, so as to realize the speed ratio at the optimal position when re-entering the power;

[0037] When the vehicle is gliding at high speed without oil supply, the rotation speed of the housing 2 will be much greater than the rotation speed of the input shaft 7, the flow direction of the transmission oil will be reversed, the one-way valve 11 will close the normal pressure chamber 6, and the pressure lock will cause the input shaft 7 to rotate with the housing 2 until the rotation speed of the housing 2 is lower than that of the input shaft 7. The locking purpose has two purposes: one is to keep the engine and transmission locked in linkage, and the other is to lock the flow of the transmission oil to prevent the transmission oil from heating up.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] like Figure 7-9 As shown, the gear pump type continuously variable transmission comprises a case 1, a housing 2, an input shaft 7, a meshing gear assembly, an adaptive pressure regulating assembly and an output shaft 18;

[0040] The upper and lower ends of the shell 2 are respectively sealed and fixedly connected with an upper cover plate 13 and a lower cover plate 17. The input shaft 7 passes through the upper cover plate 13 and extends to the interior of the shell 2 to be connected to the meshing gear assembly. The bottom center of the lower cover plate 17 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 18. The meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly are both installed in the shell 2. A liquid circuit is formed between the meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly. The meshing gear assembly is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell 2. The adaptive pressure regulating assembly is used to adjust the liquid flow rate between the meshing gear assembly and the shell 2 to control the stepless increase or decrease of the transmission speed ratio.

[0041] The meshing gear assembly is an internal meshing gear set, which includes an internal gear 24 and an external gear 25. The internal gear 24 and the external gear 25 are meshed with each other and are eccentrically arranged. The axis of the internal gear 24 is fixedly sleeved with the input shaft 7. The internal meshing gear set is eccentrically arranged with the housing 2. The input shaft 7 and the output shaft 18 are concentrically arranged. An oil outlet bin 26 and an oil inlet bin 23 are respectively provided on the upper cover plate 13 and the lower cover plate 17. An oil return channel 22 is provided between the oil outlet bin 26 and the oil inlet bin 23. The adaptive pressure regulating assembly is installed on the housing 2, and the two ends are respectively connected to the oil outlet bin 26 and the oil inlet bin 23.

[0042] The adaptive pressure regulating assembly includes a slider 21, a second return spring and a pressure groove 27. The slider 21 is sealingly and slidingly connected to the inside of the oil return channel 22. The second return spring is installed between the slider 21 and the oil return channel 22. One end of the pressure groove 27 is connected to the oil outlet bin 26, and the other end extends to the end of the slider 21 away from the second return spring.

[0043] Shaft seals are provided at the connections between the input shaft 7 and the casing 1 and the housing 2 .

[0044] Working principle: the internal gear 24 is input with power from the clutch through the input shaft 7, and the internal gear 24 drives the external gear 25 to rotate to form a positive pressure zone and a negative pressure zone, which are combined into an internal gear pump group. The transmission oil flows in the internal gear pump group, the oil outlet bin 26, the oil return channel 22 and the oil inlet bin 23 in turn, forming an oil circuit micro-hysteresis closed cycle. When the internal gear 24 drives the external gear 25 to rotate faster, the transmission oil pumped out from the positive pressure zone of the internal gear pump group accelerates to flow into the oil outlet bin 26, causing the pressure in the oil outlet bin 26 to increase, and part of the pressure pushes the slider 21 to move through the pressure groove 27, and the throttling area of ​​the return channel 22 is adjusted steplessly according to the power input. The dynamic hysteresis adjusts the relative rotation between the internal gear pump group and the housing 2, driving the housing 2 and the output shaft 18 to achieve peak continuously variable transmission output.

[0045] Liquid is incompressible, and the liquid flow can be intercepted at any size. These two characteristics of liquid are the core application of the gear pump type continuously variable transmission. It uses the gear hydraulic self-feedback voltage and torque conversion technology and the pressure difference generated by the power input to automatically control the flow rate at the outlet of the gear pump (internal meshing type, external meshing type), generate the instant maximum available pressure to drive the gear pump as a whole to drive the output shaft to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of instant maximum torque continuously variable speed change.

[0046] Due to the incompressibility of the liquid, the gear pump type continuously variable transmission can achieve a nearly rigid continuously variable transmission, but the rated pressure volume of the gear pump will limit the upper limit of the torque. An ordinary hydraulic gear pump can reach a pressure of 10MPa, and a high-pressure gear pump can reach 20MPa. Taking the design parameters of Example 1 as an example, the radius of the driving wheel 8 is 4.5cm, the tooth depth is 1cm, the tooth length is 5cm, and the oil pressure reaches 3MPa to reach a torque of 400N·m, which is only one-tenth of the maximum pressure of an ordinary gear pump. The upper limit can reach 1200N·m, which can be used in any small passenger car. If a larger torque is required, such as a 3000N·m torque of a truck, the bearing pressure and the sealing degree inside the housing 2 can be increased during the design. The effect of large torque can be easily achieved by increasing the radius of the main gear 8, increasing the gear module or increasing the gear thickness.

[0047] In summary, the gear pump type continuously variable transmission has a wide range of applications and low transmission loss.

[0048] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Gear pump type continuously variable transmission, characterized in that: It comprises a box body (1), a shell (2), an input shaft (7), a meshing gear assembly, an adaptive voltage regulating assembly and an output shaft (18); The upper and lower ends of the housing (2) are respectively sealed and fixedly connected with an upper cover plate (13) and a lower cover plate (17); the input shaft (7) passes through the upper cover plate (13) and extends to the interior of the housing (2) to be connected to the meshing gear assembly; the bottom center of the lower cover plate (17) is fixedly connected to the output shaft (18); the meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly are both installed in the housing (2); a liquid circuit is formed between the meshing gear assembly and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly; the meshing gear assembly is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (2); and the adaptive pressure regulating assembly is used to adjust the liquid flow pressure between the meshing gear assembly and the housing (2); The connection between the input shaft (7) and the casing (1) and the housing (2) is provided with a shaft seal; The meshing gear assembly is an internal meshing gear set, comprising an internal gear (24) and an external gear (25), the internal gear (24) and the external gear (25) being meshed with each other and eccentrically arranged, the axis of the internal gear (24) being fixedly sleeved with the input shaft (7), the internal meshing gear set being eccentrically arranged with the housing (2), the input shaft (7) being concentrically arranged with the output shaft (18), the upper cover plate (13) and the lower cover plate (17) being respectively provided with an oil outlet bin (26) and an oil inlet bin (23), an oil return channel (22) being provided between the oil outlet bin (26) and the oil inlet bin (23), the adaptive pressure regulating assembly being mounted on the housing (2), and the two ends thereof being respectively connected with the oil outlet bin (26) and the oil inlet bin (23).

2. The gear pump type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive pressure regulating assembly comprises a slider (21), a second return spring and a pressure groove (27); the slider (21) is sealingly slidably connected to the inside of the oil return channel (22); the second return spring is installed between the slider (21) and the oil return channel (22); one end of the pressure groove (27) is connected to the oil outlet bin (26), and the other end extends to an end of the slider (21) away from the second return spring.

Images