A kind of elastic wheel performance testing tool and testing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an elastic wheel performance test tool and a test method, belonging to the technical field of wheel performance test. The elastic wheel performance test tool comprises a fixed bracket and a radial loading device, an axial loading device, a high and low temperature environment test box and a positioning seat arranged on the fixed bracket. The fixed bracket comprises a mounting base and a gantry fixed thereon. The gantry is provided with a radial loading device and an axial loading device. The mounting base is slidably connected with a high and low temperature environment test box for adjusting the surface temperature of the elastic wheel and a positioning seat for positioning and supporting the elastic wheel. The beneficial effect of the invention is that the test tool is flexible and convenient to test, has strong versatility, can truly and accurately simulate whether the safety performance of the elastic wheel during service, straight driving, curved driving, turnout driving, and starting meets the requirements, and can also simulate the influence of rubber creep during a long-term residence period of the wheel on the safety performance, providing technical guidance for the safety of elastic wheel operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheel performance testing, and in particular to an elastic wheel performance testing tool and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of economic development and urbanization, the urban population is increasing, so urban rail transit is developing rapidly, so elastic wheels have become a hot topic in rail transit. Due to the particularity of the elastic wheel structure, its safety performance has also attracted increasing attention.

[0003] The elastic wheel is different from the integral wheel. It contains a rubber ring inside. Therefore, it is easy to undergo radial and axial deformation when subjected to wheel-rail loads. During starting and braking, the rubber ring inside the elastic wheel slides relative to the metal parts. When the vehicle is parked for a long time, the rubber ring inside the elastic wheel will creep. Therefore, how to simulate the actual service process of the elastic wheel to test the stiffness and creep performance of the elastic wheel and improve the accuracy of the test results is a problem faced in ensuring the safety of elastic wheel operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an elastic wheel performance testing tool, which uses a radial loading device and an axial loading device to simulate the wheel-rail interaction force of the elastic wheel in actual service, and uses a high and low temperature environmental test box to simulate the ambient temperature of the wheel in actual service. It can truly and accurately simulate whether the safety performance of the elastic wheel during service, straight driving, curved driving, turnout driving, and starting meets the requirements, and can also simulate the influence of rubber creep on the safety performance of the wheel during a long period of residence.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: an elastic wheel performance testing tool, including a fixed bracket and a radial loading device, an axial loading device, a high and low temperature environmental test chamber and a positioning seat arranged on the fixed bracket, the fixed bracket includes a mounting base and a gantry fixed thereon, the radial loading device and the axial loading device are arranged on the gantry, the mounting base is slidably connected with a positioning seat for positioning and supporting the elastic wheel, a guide bracket is mounted above the positioning seat, and the guide bracket is slidably connected with a high and low temperature environmental test chamber covered on the outside of the elastic wheel to adjust the surface temperature of the elastic wheel.

[0006] Furthermore, the gantry includes two columns and a crossbeam connected at the top between the two columns. The axial loading device is arranged on the columns. The axial loading device includes a horizontal electric cylinder. The two horizontal electric cylinders are arranged opposite to each other.

[0007] Furthermore, the axial loading device also includes a lifting motor, a vertical guide rail and a slider. The lifting motor is arranged on the column, and the output shaft of the lifting motor is connected to the cylinder body of the horizontal electric cylinder. A vertical guide hole is arranged on the inner side of the column, and vertical guide rails are arranged on both sides of the vertical guide hole. A slider is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail, and the output shaft of the horizontal electric cylinder is connected to the loading block I through the slider, and the loading block I is provided with a pressure sensor I.

[0008] Furthermore, the radial loading device is arranged on the crossbeam, and the radial loading device comprises a vertical electric cylinder, and the end of the output shaft of the vertical electric cylinder is connected to a loading block II, and a pressure sensor II is arranged on the loading block II.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting base is configured as a cross slide, which includes a base, a guide platform and a slide plate, the base is detachably connected to the gantry, the base is slidably connected to the slide plate through the guide platform, and the positioning seat is connected to the slide plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning seat includes a positioning column and a clamping block, the top end of the positioning column is provided with a clamping block for clamping and positioning the wheel axle of the elastic wheel, and a position sensor is provided on the wheel axle.

[0011] Furthermore, the coupling block includes a fixed block and a movable block, the fixed block is fixed to the top end of the positioning column, a U-shaped coupling groove is arranged on the upper end of the fixed block, the movable block is detachably connected to the fixed block, and an inverted U-shaped coupling groove is arranged on the lower end of the movable block, and the U-shaped coupling groove and the inverted U-shaped coupling groove are connected to form a positioning hole for coupling the wheel axle.

[0012] Furthermore, one side of the high and low temperature environment test box is opened, and strip slots are provided on both sides of the open end of the high and low temperature environment test box. One end of the strip slot is opened, and the other end of the strip slot is arranged in an arc shape. The strip slot is engaged with the wheel axle, and a sealing plate is detachably connected to the outer side of the strip slot.

[0013] Furthermore, a positioning frame is provided on the top of the gantry, a sealing door is hinged on the outer edge of the positioning frame, and the sealing door is sealed and matched with the opening end of the high and low temperature environment test box.

[0014] A method for testing the performance of an elastic wheel, using the elastic wheel performance testing tool, comprises the following steps:

[0015] 1) Positioning the elastic wheel and adjusting the test position: hoisting the elastic wheel on the positioning seat for positioning, and adjusting the positions of the guide platform and the slide plate on the mounting base, driving the positioned elastic wheel to move by the slide plate, so that the loading position of the upper end of the elastic wheel is directly below the radial loading device, and the two side surfaces of the elastic wheel are opposite to the horizontal electric cylinder, and adjusting the height of the horizontal electric cylinder by the lifting motor, so that the horizontal electric cylinder and the loading positions of the two side surfaces of the elastic wheel are opposite;

[0016] 2) Adjust the temperature of the elastic wheel: slide the high and low temperature environment test box along the guide bracket, so that the high and low temperature environment test box is inserted into the wheel axles at both ends of the elastic wheel, and the sealing door is sealed with the open end of the high and low temperature environment test box, and then the strip grooves on both sides of the high and low temperature environment test box are sealed with the sealing plate, and the ambient temperature inside the high and low temperature environment test box is set, and the high and low temperature environment test box is started for the set working time, and the temperature of the elastic wheel is adjusted. After the adjustment, the low temperature environment test box is pushed out;

[0017] 3) Perform stiffness test and creep performance test on the elastic wheel after temperature adjustment: Start the horizontal electric cylinder or the vertical electric cylinder to gravity load the loading position of the elastic wheel, and transmit the signals of the pressure sensor I or the pressure sensor II and the displacement sensor to the control device. The stiffness of the elastic wheel at different temperatures under different loading conditions and the creep performance of the rubber ring inside the elastic wheel are automatically calculated through the software on the control device.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. After positioning the elastic wheel, the test fixture of the present invention can simulate the wheel-rail interaction force of the elastic wheel in the above-mentioned actual service according to the actual working conditions of the elastic wheel in straight-line driving, curved driving, turnout driving, and starting. The high and low temperature environmental test box is used to simulate the environmental temperature during the actual service of the elastic wheel. It can truly and accurately simulate whether the safety performance of the elastic wheel in straight-line driving, curved driving, turnout driving, and starting during the service process meets the requirements. It can also simulate the influence of rubber creep of the elastic wheel during a long-term residence period on the safety performance, providing technical guidance for the running safety of the elastic wheel.

[0020] 2. The axial loading device involved in the present invention includes two horizontal electric cylinders arranged relatively to each other, and the radial loading device includes a vertical electric cylinder. The corresponding horizontal electric cylinder and the vertical electric cylinder can be selected to work according to the actual service conditions, or they can work simultaneously, thereby improving the flexibility and accuracy of the test; and the horizontal electric cylinder can adjust the height up and down, and can perform axial loading on different loading positions of the elastic wheel according to the wheel-rail force in the actual service process, and can also be suitable for axial loading of elastic wheels of different models; the mounting base is configured as a cross slide, and the upper end of the mounting base is connected to a positioning seat for positioning and supporting the elastic wheel, so that the elastic wheel can be adjusted in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, and the radial loading device and the axial loading device are relative to the loading position of the elastic wheel, so that the position adjustment of the elastic wheel is more convenient and quick, and the axial and radial loading are more in line with the actual service process, and the flexibility and versatility of the test tooling test are improved.

[0021] In summary, the test fixture involved in the present invention is flexible and convenient to test, has strong versatility, and can truly and accurately simulate whether the safety performance of elastic wheels during service, such as straight-line driving, curved driving, turnout driving, and starting, meets the requirements. It can also simulate the impact of rubber creep during the long-term parking period of the wheel on the safety performance, and provide technical guidance for the safety of elastic wheel operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The following is a brief description of the contents expressed in the drawings of the present invention and the symbols in the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the test tooling in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left view of;

[0025] The marks in the above figures are: 1. Fixed bracket, 11. Mounting base, 111. Base, 112. Guide table, 113. Slide plate, 12. Gantry, 121. Column, 122. Beam, 2. Radial loading device, 21. Vertical electric cylinder, 3. Axial loading device, 31. Horizontal electric cylinder, 32. Lifting motor, 33. Vertical guide rail, 34. Slider, 4. High and low temperature environment test chamber, 41. Strip slot, 42. Sealing plate, 5. Positioning seat, 51. Positioning column, 52. Card block, 521. Fixed block, 522. Movable block, 523. Positioning hole, 6. Elastic wheel, 7. Guide bracket, 8. Positioning frame, 9. Sealing door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] The specific implementation scheme of the present invention is: Figure 1 As shown, a tool for testing the performance of an elastic wheel comprises a fixed bracket 1 and a radial loading device 2, an axial loading device 3, a high and low temperature environment test box 4 and a positioning seat 5 arranged on the fixed bracket 1. The fixed bracket 1 comprises a mounting base 11 and a gantry 12 fixed thereon. The radial loading device 2 and the axial loading device 3 are arranged on the gantry 12. The mounting base 11 is slidably connected with a high and low temperature environment test box 4 for adjusting the surface temperature of the elastic wheel 6 and a positioning seat 5 for positioning and supporting the elastic wheel 6. After the elastic wheel 6 is positioned on the positioning seat 5, it slides to the bottom of the gantry 12, and then the high and low temperature environment test box 4 is slidably covered on the elastic wheel 6. The outside of the elastic wheel 6 is heated or cooled to simulate the ambient temperature of the elastic wheel 6 during actual service. Then, according to the actual working conditions of the elastic wheel 6 during straight-line driving, curved driving, turnout driving and starting, the radial loading device 2 and the axial loading device 3 are used to simulate the wheel-rail interaction force of the elastic wheel 6 in the above actual service. It can truly and accurately simulate whether the safety performance of the elastic wheel during straight-line driving, curved driving, turnout driving and starting meets the requirements during service. It can also simulate the influence of rubber creep of the elastic wheel during a long-term residence period on the safety performance, providing technical guidance for the operation safety of the elastic wheel.

[0029] Specifically, the gantry 12 includes two columns 121 and a crossbeam 122 connected at the top between the two columns 121. An axial loading device 3 is arranged on the column 121, and the axial loading device 3 includes a horizontal electric cylinder 31. The two horizontal electric cylinders 31 are arranged opposite to each other and can be loaded on both sides of the elastic wheel 6, meeting the test needs of different working conditions; in addition, the axial loading device 3 also includes a lifting motor 32, a vertical guide rail 33 and a slider 34. A lifting motor 32 is arranged on the column 121, and the output shaft of the lifting motor 32 is movably connected to the cylinder body of the horizontal electric cylinder 31, that is, a connecting block is arranged on the cylinder body of the horizontal electric cylinder 31, and a stepped hole is arranged on the connecting block. An external thread section is arranged at the end of the output shaft of the lifting motor 32, and the external thread section is gap-matched with the stepped hole. After the external thread section passes through the stepped hole, it is positioned at the bottom of the stepped hole through a nut. When the output shaft of the lifting motor 32 rotates to rise or fall in the vertical direction, the horizontal electric cylinder 31 will not rotate, but will move in the vertical direction with the output shaft. The horizontal electric cylinder 31 is adjusted in height direction to meet the loading requirements of the test position. Further optimized, a vertical guide hole is provided on the inner side of the column 121, and vertical guide rails 33 are provided on both sides of the vertical guide hole. A slider 34 is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail 33. The output shaft of the horizontal electric cylinder 31 passes through the slider 34 and is connected to the loading block I, so that one end of the horizontal electric cylinder 31 is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor 32, and the other end of the horizontal electric cylinder 31 is connected to the vertical guide rail 33 on the column 121 through the slider 34. By driving the lifting motor 32 to operate, the up and down sliding of the horizontal electric cylinder 31 is more stable. The elastic wheel 6 can be axially loaded at different loading positions according to the wheel-rail force in the actual service process, and it can also be suitable for axial loading of elastic wheels 6 of different models. A pressure sensor I is provided on the loading block I for testing the axial load on the elastic wheel 6 during the loading process when the loading block I contacts the side of the elastic wheel 6, and the detected axial load size is transmitted to the detection system.

[0030] Specifically, a radial loading device 2 is arranged on the crossbeam 122, and the radial loading device 2 includes a vertical electric cylinder 21. The end of the output shaft of the vertical electric cylinder 21 is connected to a loading block II, and a pressure sensor II is arranged on the loading block II. The pressure sensor II is used to test the radial load on the elastic wheel 6 and transmit the detected radial load size to the detection system so as to calculate the stiffness of the elastic wheel. It can also maintain a constant load for a long time to observe the creep deformation change of the rubber ring.

[0031] Specifically, the mounting base 11 is configured as a cross slide, which includes a base 111, a guide platform 112 and a slide plate 113. The base 111 is provided with a plurality of strip grooves equidistantly along its width direction, and the cross section of the strip groove is configured to be convex. Bolts are installed in the strip grooves and fixedly connected to the gantry 12 through bolts, so that the connection and positioning are more convenient and quick. The base 111 is slidably connected to the slide plate 113 through the guide platform 112. A ball screw mechanism I is provided on the base 111 along its length direction, and is connected to the guide platform 112 through the ball screw mechanism I. The end of the ball screw mechanism I is connected to a driving motor I, and the driving motor I is driven to work. Under the action of the rod mechanism I, the guide platform 112 can slide along the length direction of the base 111. A ball screw mechanism II is set along the length direction of the guide platform 112 (in the width direction of the base 111), and is connected to the slide plate 113 through the ball screw mechanism II. The end of the ball screw mechanism II is connected to the drive motor II, and the drive motor II drives the ball screw mechanism II to move, so that the slide plate 113 slides along the length direction of the guide platform 112. A positioning seat 5 is connected to the slide plate 113. The position of the elastic wheel 6 on the positioning seat 5 relative to the horizontal electric cylinder 31 and the vertical electric cylinder 21 can be adjusted by adjusting the drive motor I and the drive motor II, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the test position of the elastic wheel 6.

[0032] Specifically, a guide bracket 7 is mounted above the positioning seat 5, and the guide bracket 7 is slidably connected to the high and low temperature environment test box 4 and covers the high and low temperature environment test box 4 on the outside of the elastic wheel 6. A roller is arranged at the bottom of the high and low temperature environment test box 4, and a guide rail matched with the roller guide is arranged on the guide bracket 7. The high and low temperature environment test box 4 can be covered on the outside of the elastic wheel 6 by human push. Of course, a rack can also be arranged on the guide bracket 7, and a gear meshing with the rack is arranged on the outer periphery of the roller of the high and low temperature environment test box 4. The outer end of the roller shaft is connected to a motor, and the roller is driven to rotate by the motor, so that the high and low temperature environment test box 4 can move on the guide bracket 7, thereby improving the automation of operation and saving manpower; specifically, the high and low temperature environment test box 4 One side is open, and strip slots 41 are provided on both sides of the open end of the high and low temperature environment test box 4. One end of the strip slot 41 is open for engagement with the wheel axle, and the other end of the strip slot 41 is arc-shaped for positioning with the wheel axle. A sealing plate 42 is detachably connected to the outer side of the strip slot 41. A positioning frame 9 is provided on the top of the gantry 12. A sealing door 10 is hinged on the outer edge of the positioning frame 9. The sealing door 10 is sealed with the open end of the high and low temperature environment test box 4. When not in use, the sealing door 10 can be removed and placed in the positioning frame 9 for storage. The sealing plate 42 and the sealing door 10 seal the high and low temperature environment test box 4, so that the elastic wheel is located in a sealed environment for temperature regulation, which makes the temperature increase and decrease more efficient.

[0033] Specifically, the positioning seat 5 includes a positioning column 51 and a clamping block 52. The top of the positioning column 51 is provided with a clamping block 52 for clamping and positioning the wheel axle of the elastic wheel 6. The clamping block 52 includes a fixed block 521 and a movable block 522. The fixed block 521 is fixed to the top of the positioning column 52 by welding or threaded connection. A U-shaped slot is provided at the upper end of the fixed block 521. Both ends of the movable block 522 are detachably connected to the fixed block 521 by threaded connection or one end of the movable block 522 is hinged. The movable block 522 is connected to one end of the fixed block 521 in a manner, and an inverted U-shaped slot is set at the lower end of the movable block 522. The U-shaped slot and the inverted U-shaped slot are connected to form a positioning hole 533 for clamping the wheel axle. The wheel axle of the elastic wheel is placed in the U-shaped slot, and the movable block 522 is then connected to the fixed block 521. The positioning of the elastic wheel is completed. A position sensor is set on the wheel axle of the elastic wheel. The position sensor can detect the displacement of the wheel during loading, which is used for the later stiffness calculation of the elastic wheel and the creep deformation change of the rubber ring.

[0034] The method for testing the performance of an elastic wheel using an elastic wheel performance testing tool comprises the following steps:

[0035] 1) Positioning and adjusting the test position of the elastic wheel 6: hoisting the elastic wheel 6 on the positioning seat 5 for positioning, and adjusting the positions of the guide platform 112 and the slide plate 113 on the mounting base 11 respectively by operating the drive motors I and II, and moving the guide platform 112 along the length direction of the base 111 so that the elastic wheel 6 is located at the middle position between the two vertical electric cylinders 21, and moving the slide plate 113 along the length direction of the guide platform 112 so that the loading position of the upper end of the elastic wheel 6 is directly below the radial loading device 2, and the two side surfaces of the elastic wheel 6 are respectively opposite to the two horizontal electric cylinders 31, and adjusting the height of the horizontal electric cylinder 31 by the lifting motor 32 so that the horizontal electric cylinder 31 is opposite to the loading positions of the two side surfaces of the elastic wheel 6;

[0036] 2) Temperature adjustment of the elastic wheel 6: slide the high and low temperature environment test box 4 along the guide bracket 7, so that the high and low temperature environment test box 4 is inserted into the wheel axles at both ends of the elastic wheel 6, and the sealing door 10 is sealed with the open end of the high and low temperature environment test box 4, and then the strip-shaped card slots 41 on both sides of the high and low temperature environment test box 4 are clamped and sealed by the sealing plate 42, and the ambient temperature inside the high and low temperature environment test box 4 is set, and the high and low temperature environment test box 4 is started to work for a set time, and the temperature of the elastic wheel 6 is adjusted. After the adjustment, the low temperature environment test box is pushed out;

[0037] 3) Performing stiffness test and creep performance test on the elastic wheel 6 after temperature adjustment: starting the horizontal electric cylinder 31 or the vertical electric cylinder 21 to gravity load the loading position of the elastic wheel 6, transmitting the signals of the pressure sensor I or the pressure sensor II and the displacement sensor to the control device, and automatically calculating the stiffness of the elastic wheel 6 under different loading conditions at different temperatures through the software on the control device, and observing the creep deformation change of the rubber ring inside the elastic wheel 6 through a certain period of load holding operation.

[0038] In summary, the test fixture involved in the present invention is flexible and convenient to test, has strong versatility, and can truly and accurately simulate whether the safety performance of elastic wheels during service, such as straight-line driving, curved driving, turnout driving, and starting, meets the requirements. It can also simulate the impact of rubber creep during the long-term parking period of the wheel on the safety performance, and provide technical guidance for the safety of elastic wheel operation.

[0039] The above description is only used to illustrate some principles of the present invention. This specification is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific structure and application scope shown and described. Therefore, all corresponding modifications and equivalents that may be used belong to the patent scope applied for by the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for testing the performance of an elastic wheel, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed support (1) and a radial loading device (2), an axial loading device (3), a high and low temperature environment test chamber (4) and a positioning seat (5) arranged on the fixed support (1); the fixed support (1) comprises a mounting base (11) and a gantry (12) fixed thereon; the radial loading device (2) and the axial loading device (3) are arranged on the gantry (12); the mounting base (11) is slidably connected to a positioning seat (5) for positioning and supporting an elastic wheel (6); a guide support (7) is arranged above the positioning seat (5); the guide support (7) is slidably connected to a high and low temperature environment test chamber (4) which is covered on the outside of the elastic wheel (6) and adjusts the surface temperature of the elastic wheel (6); One side of the high and low temperature environment test box (4) is provided with an opening, and strip-shaped slots (41) are provided on both sides of the open end of the high and low temperature environment test box (4), one end of the strip-shaped slot (41) is provided with an opening, and the other end of the strip-shaped slot (41) is provided with an arc shape, the strip-shaped slot (41) is engaged with the wheel axle, and a sealing plate (42) is detachably connected to the outer side of the strip-shaped slot (41); a positioning frame (8) is provided on the top of the gantry (12), and a sealing door (9) is hingedly connected to the outer edge of the positioning frame (8), and the sealing door (9) is sealed with the open end of the high and low temperature environment test box (4).

2. The elastic wheel performance testing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry (12) comprises two upright posts (121) and a crossbeam (122) connected at the top between the two upright posts (121); the axial loading device (3) is arranged on the upright posts (121); the axial loading device (3) comprises a horizontal electric cylinder (31); and the two horizontal electric cylinders (31) are arranged opposite to each other.

3. The elastic wheel performance testing tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial loading device (3) further comprises a lifting motor (32), a vertical guide rail (33) and a slider (34); the lifting motor (32) is arranged on the column (121); the output shaft of the lifting motor (32) is connected to the cylinder body of the horizontal electric cylinder (31); a vertical guide hole is arranged on the inner side of the column (121); vertical guide rails (33) are arranged on both sides of the vertical guide hole; a slider (34) is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail (33); the output shaft of the horizontal electric cylinder (31) passes through the slider (34) and is connected to the loading block I; and a pressure sensor I is arranged on the loading block I.

4. The elastic wheel performance testing tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radial loading device (2) is arranged on the crossbeam (122), and the radial loading device (2) comprises a vertical electric cylinder (21). The end of the output shaft of the vertical electric cylinder (21) is connected to a loading block II, and a pressure sensor II is arranged on the loading block II.

5. The elastic wheel performance testing tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting base (11) is configured as a cross slide, the cross slide comprising a base (111), a guide platform (112) and a slide plate (113), the base (111) being detachably connected to the gantry (12), the base (111) being slidably connected to the slide plate (113) via the guide platform (112), and the slide plate (113) being connected to the positioning seat (5).

6. The elastic wheel performance testing tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning seat (5) comprises a positioning column (51) and a clamping block (52); the top end of the positioning column (51) is provided with a clamping block (52) for clamping and positioning the wheel axle of the elastic wheel (6); and a position sensor is provided on the wheel axle.

7. The elastic wheel performance testing tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping block (52) comprises a fixed block (521) and a movable block (522); the fixed block (521) is fixed to the top end of the positioning column (51); a U-shaped clamping groove is arranged at the upper end of the fixed block (521); the movable block (522) is detachably connected to the fixed block (521); and an inverted U-shaped clamping groove is arranged at the lower end of the movable block (522); the U-shaped clamping groove and the inverted U-shaped clamping groove are butt-jointed to form a positioning hole (523) for clamping a wheel axle.

8. A performance test method for elastic wheels, using The elastic wheel performance testing tool according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Positioning the elastic wheel (6) and adjusting the test position: hoisting the elastic wheel (6) on the positioning seat (5) for positioning, and adjusting the positions of the guide platform (112) and the slide plate (113) on the mounting base (11), driving the positioned elastic wheel (6) to move via the slide plate (113), so that the loading position of the upper end of the elastic wheel (6) is directly below the radial loading device (2), so that the two side surfaces of the elastic wheel (6) are opposite to the horizontal electric cylinder (31), and adjusting the height of the horizontal electric cylinder (31) via the lifting motor (32), so that the loading positions of the two side surfaces of the horizontal electric cylinder (31) and the elastic wheel (6) are opposite to each other; 2) Temperature adjustment of the elastic wheel (6): sliding the high and low temperature environment test box (4) along the guide bracket (7) so that the high and low temperature environment test box (4) is inserted into the wheel axles at both ends of the elastic wheel (6), and the sealing door (9) is sealed with the open end of the high and low temperature environment test box (4), and then the strip-shaped card slots (41) on both sides of the high and low temperature environment test box (4) are sealed by using the sealing plate (42), the ambient temperature inside the high and low temperature environment test box (4) is set, the high and low temperature environment test box (4) is started to work for a set time, the temperature of the elastic wheel (6) is adjusted, and after the adjustment is completed, the low temperature environment test box is pushed out; 3) Performing a stiffness test and a creep performance test on the elastic wheel (6) after temperature adjustment: starting the horizontal electric cylinder (31) or the vertical electric cylinder (21) to perform gravity loading on the loading position of the elastic wheel (6), transmitting the signals of the pressure sensor I or the pressure sensor II and the displacement sensor to the control device, and automatically calculating the stiffness of the elastic wheel (6) at different temperatures under different loading conditions and the creep performance of the rubber ring inside the elastic wheel (6) through the software on the control device.

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