Jacket gas equalization structure, support plate assembly and heat exchange device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a jacket gas equalization structure, a support plate assembly and a heat exchange device using the same, which is composed of a jacket cylinder and a jacket sealing ring, which are arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchanger cylinder and form a closed annular space with the inner wall of the jacket cylinder, and an air equalization hole or groove is opened on the upper part of the outer wall of the heat exchanger cylinder, and the annular space is connected with the heat exchange space in the heat exchanger cylinder through the air equalization hole or groove, and an air inlet or air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the jacket cylinder. The support plate assembly is composed of a plurality of support plates with different vent holes, an air baffle plate, and a bottom rib plate; the support plate with different ventilation notches provides a channel for the flow of refrigerant gas and liquid, reduces the risk of refrigerant liquid flowing along the wall of the heat exchange tube, and is conducive to improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a heat exchange device for a chiller, and in particular to an air-evening structure, a support plate assembly and a heat exchanger using the air-evening structure. Background Art

[0002] Heat exchangers are important components of air conditioning, refrigeration and industrial refrigeration units, including evaporators and condensers. Their heat exchange efficiency directly affects the performance of the unit. Heat exchangers can be divided into two types: horizontal heat exchangers and vertical heat exchangers. Horizontal heat exchangers have a stable and safe structure, occupy a large area, are easy to maintain and clean, have a medium heat transfer coefficient, a short heating residence time, and a medium heat exchange effect. Vertical heat exchangers need to be laid vertically, occupy less space, have high requirements for the net height of the installation space, have a compact structure, and are easy to pipe. They have a larger heat transfer coefficient, a short heating residence time, and a better heat exchange effect.

[0003] The function of the condenser is to condense the gaseous refrigerant into liquid, thereby removing the heat generated by the refrigeration system; compared with the horizontal condenser, the vertical condenser has the advantages of small footprint, compact structure, easy cleaning and maintenance, but the existing conventional vertical condenser structure still has the following technical disadvantages:

[0004] 1) In order to achieve better heat exchange effect, an air equalization device is usually installed inside the cylinder to reduce the tube sheet layout rate.

[0005] 2) The air inlet is set on one side of the cylinder, which makes the gas velocity distribution of the upper airflow of the condenser uneven and the condensation efficiency low.

[0006] 3) The liquid film produced by continuous condensation along the vertical tube wall affects the heat exchange. As the condensed liquid continues to flow downward and accumulates, a large thermal resistance is formed outside the tube, which makes it impossible to fully utilize the performance of the condenser tube, resulting in a great waste of condenser tube resources and low heat exchange efficiency of the condenser.

[0007] 4) The evaporator uses the fact that liquid low-temperature refrigerant is easy to evaporate under low pressure, turning into steam and absorbing the heat of the cooled medium, thereby achieving the purpose of refrigeration; compared with the horizontal evaporator, the vertical evaporator has the advantages of high pipe layout rate, small footprint, smaller overall container specifications under the same heat exchange area, and low cost. However, the existing vertical evaporator has the following technical disadvantages: the exhaust port is set on one side of the cylinder, resulting in uneven distribution of gas velocity of the air flow in the upper part of the evaporator, making the liquid level near the suction port too high, causing the suction to carry liquid.

[0008] 5) The exhaust port is directly set on the cylinder, and the effective height of the air intake port from the evaporator liquid level is reduced, which reduces the liquid filling amount and the heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an external jacket gas equalization structure and a heat exchange device using the same, which can evenly inlet or outlet air without reducing the pipe layout rate of the heat exchanger, thereby ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a support plate assembly and a heat exchange device using the same, which reduces the risk of refrigerant liquid in the condenser flowing along the wall of the condensing heat exchange tube or makes the airflow in the evaporator uniform and smooth, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] A jacket gas equalizing structure, characterized in that: it is placed outside the heat exchanger cylinder, and consists of a heat exchanger cylinder, a jacket cylinder and a jacket sealing ring, and a tube sheet; the inner wall of the jacket cylinder arranged on the heat exchanger cylinder and the outer wall of the heat exchanger cylinder form an annular space, and an air equalizing hole or groove is opened at a position higher than the air outlet or air inlet on the upper part of the heat exchanger cylinder, and the annular space is connected with the heat exchange space inside the heat exchanger cylinder through the air equalizing hole or groove, and the air inlet or air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the jacket cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, an air inlet or an air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the jacket cylinder, and no hole is opened on the heat exchanger cylinder facing the air inlet or the air outlet;

[0014] Furthermore, the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the jacket sealing ring are closed, and the annular space is formed by the outer wall of the heat exchanger cylinder and the inner wall of the jacket cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat exchanger tube sheet closes the annular space formed by the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the jacket cylinder from the upper end surface.

[0016] A support plate assembly is arranged in a heat exchanger cylinder along the vertical direction; its characteristics are: a plurality of support plates and air baffle plates are arranged at intervals from top to bottom and fixed as a whole, each support plate surface is provided with heat exchange tube holes that penetrate up and down for passing heat exchange tubes, a central notch is arranged in the center of the support plate, and an air baffle plate is arranged below the support plate, and the size of the air baffle plate is equivalent to (equal to or slightly larger than) the size of the central notch of the support plate; a plurality of surrounding ventilation notches are arranged at intervals around the support plate located at the bottom, and the surrounding ventilation notches on each plate are aligned and penetrated or staggered.

[0017] Furthermore, a rib plate is provided below the bottommost support plate, and the plate surface of the rib plate extends in the vertical direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the ribs arranged below the lowest support plate are arranged in a sun-radiating, X-shaped, or cross-shaped manner, or the length of each rib is only extended inward from the outer edge of the lowest support plate by a length less than the radius.

[0019] Furthermore, the air baffle is fixed to each support plate through a fixing rod, and the support plate assembly is fixed to the inner wall of the heat exchanger cylinder.

[0020] The support plate assembly functions as follows:

[0021] 1) Support the heat exchange tubes to prevent them from shaking; 2) The support plates and air baffles are arranged at intervals and staggered positions to allow the refrigerant gas to flow in a baffled manner inside the heat exchanger cylinder, increasing the flow path and time of the refrigerant and enhancing the heat exchange performance; 3) The rib plate at the bottom of the support plate fixes the support plate group and prevents the refrigerant liquid at the bottom from being disturbed.

[0022] A heat exchange device, which is a condenser or an evaporator, is characterized by adopting the above-mentioned jacket gas equalization structure.

[0023] Furthermore, the above-mentioned heat exchange device adopts the above-mentioned support plate assembly.

[0024] Therefore, the present invention arranges an external air equalizing jacket structure and places it on the outside of the heat exchanger cylinder. Without occupying the space in the heat exchange tube layout area, the refrigerant gas can be evenly inhaled or exhausted at the top of the cylinder, thereby improving the tube layout rate of the tube sheet. At the same time, air equalizing holes or grooves are opened at a position higher than the air outlet or air inlet on the upper part of the heat exchanger cylinder, thereby improving the utilization rate of the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchanger and improving the heat exchange efficiency. A support plate structure is also designed, and the support plate assembly consists of a plurality of support plates with middle ventilation gaps, an air baffle plate, and a bottom rib plate. The support plates with different ventilation gaps provide channels for the flow of refrigerant gas and liquid, reduce the risk of refrigerant liquid flowing along the tube wall of the condensing heat exchange tube or make the air flow in the evaporator smooth, which is conducive to improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0025] It can be widely used in condensers and evaporators to evenly inlet or outlet air, reduce the risk of refrigerant liquid flowing along the wall of the heat exchange tube or make the air flow in the evaporator smooth, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the jacket gas equalization structure of the present invention and a condenser using the same.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a top view of the jacket gas equalization structure of the present invention (excluding the top front end pipe box 9).

[0029] Figure 3 Structural diagram (top view) of the jacket gas equalization structure of the present invention for an evaporator.

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Front perspective view of .

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the support plate assembly of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following Figure 1-5 The present invention is further described in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] The jacket gas equalization structure 10 implemented according to the present invention is as follows Figure 1-2 As shown, it comprises a jacket cylinder 10-1 and a jacket sealing ring 10-2 at the upper or / and lower end of the jacket, a tube body 7 is arranged on the side wall of the jacket cylinder 10-1 (that is, an air inlet or an air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the jacket cylinder), and the tube body 7 is connected with the inner space of the jacket cylinder 10-1.

[0035] The jacket gas equalization structure 1010 is combined with the cylinder of the condenser or evaporator. The top jacket sealing ring can be replaced by the tube sheet of the condenser or evaporator cylinder. The bottom jacket sealing ring is connected and sealed with the outer wall of the condenser or evaporator cylinder, and an annular space structure is formed between the outer wall of the condenser or evaporator cylinder and the inner wall of the jacket cylinder. A plurality of gas equalization holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the cylinder of the evaporator or condenser. The tube body on the side wall of the jacket cylinder is connected to the internal space of the evaporator or condenser after passing through the annular space structure.

[0036] As a result, the tube sheet layout rate in the condenser or evaporator can be saved, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved by significantly increasing the number of heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger through the local gas equalization structure and uniform airflow.

[0037] Preferably, the tube body 7 on the side wall of the jacket cylinder corresponds to the side wall of the cylinder of the evaporator or condenser without air equalization holes.

[0038] Embodiment 2:

[0039] Figure 1-2 The embodiment of the vertical condenser including the jacket gas equalization structure 10 of the present invention mainly includes: a rear end tube box assembly 1, a rear end tube sheet 2, a liquid outlet pipe 3, a heat exchange tube 4, a condenser cylinder 5, a support plate assembly 6, an air inlet pipe 7, a front end tube sheet 8, a front end tube box 9, and a jacket gas equalization structure 10. The different components have different functions, and they jointly realize the function of heat exchange inside and outside the vertical condenser tube.

[0040] The top of the condenser cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the flange at the bottom of the front tube box 9 through the front tube sheet 8, and the bottom of the condenser cylinder 5 is fixedly arranged on the rear tube box assembly 1 through the rear tube sheet 2 and the flange. A liquid outlet pipe 3 is arranged on the bottom side wall of the condenser cylinder 5 above the rear tube sheet 2. A plurality of heat exchange tubes 4 sequentially penetrate the front tube sheet 8, the heat exchange tube holes of the support plate assembly 6, and the rear tube sheet 2 to connect the rear tube box assembly 1 and the space inside the front tube box 9. The support plate assembly 6 includes at least two support plates for supporting the heat exchange tubes 4.

[0041] The cylindrical jacket gas equalization structure 10 is concentrically spaced and sleeved on the outside of the condenser cylinder 5, forming an annular space between the outer wall of the condenser cylinder 5 and the inner wall of the jacket cylinder 10-1. The top of the jacket gas equalization structure 10 is sealed and connected by the front tube sheet 8, and the bottom is sealed and connected between the side wall of the jacket cylinder 10-1 and the side wall of the condenser cylinder 5 through the jacket sealing ring 10-2.

[0042] An air inlet pipe 7 is arranged on the side wall of the jacket cylinder 10 - 1 , and a plurality of air equalizing holes 5 - 1 are arranged circumferentially on the condenser cylinder 5 . The air inlet pipe 7 is connected to the annular space and is connected to the inner space of the condenser cylinder 5 through the air equalizing holes 5 - 1 .

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Figure 3-4 The embodiment of the vertical evaporator including the jacket gas equalization structure 10 of the present invention mainly includes: heat exchange tube 12, evaporator cylinder 5, evaporator core tube 11, support plate assembly 6, jacket gas equalization structure 10. The evaporator core tube 11 is arranged at the top center of the evaporator cylinder 5, and air holes are arranged on the tube wall of the evaporator core tube 11; the support plate assembly 6 for fixing the heat exchange tube 12 is arranged below the evaporator core tube 11, and the heat exchange tube 12 is connected to the upper and lower tube plates to realize the function of heat exchange. A liquid inlet pipe is arranged at the lower part of the evaporator cylinder 5, and a plurality of gas equalization holes 5-1 are arranged circumferentially at the upper part of the evaporator cylinder 5, and an annular space is formed between the outer wall of the evaporator cylinder 5 and the inner wall of the jacket cylinder 10-1, and the annular space is connected to the outlet pipe 7. After the refrigerant passes through the liquid inlet pipe, the support plate assembly 6 and the heat exchange tube 12, the refrigerant gas enters the core tube 11, and then flows out from the air holes on the side wall of the core tube 11 and disperses radially into the space inside the evaporator cylinder 5 to exchange heat again, and then passes through the outside of the evaporator cylinder 5 and exchanges heat with the annular space of the jacket, and is evenly discharged through the outlet pipe 7.

[0045] Without changing the pipe layout rate of the heat exchange tubes 12, by using a jacketed gas equalization structure 10 on the evaporator cylinder 5, the refrigerant gas is evenly mixed and heat exchanged at the top of the cylinder before exhausting. At the same time, the height of the gas equalization hole of the evaporator cylinder 5 is higher than the outlet pipe 7, thereby improving the utilization rate of the heat exchange tubes and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator.

[0046] Further, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 1-2 The support plate assembly 6 used in the invention adopts the following structure:

[0047] The support plate assembly 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the condenser cylinder 5 along the vertical direction. The support plate assembly 6 includes a first support plate 61, a second support plate 62, and a third support plate 63 which are stacked from top to bottom. The three support plates are supported and fixed by a support rod 68 to form an integrated support plate assembly. Each support plate is provided with a heat exchange tube hole 66 which passes through from top to bottom. A plurality of heat exchange tubes 4 are sequentially arranged through the heat exchange tube holes 66 on the first support plate 61, the second support plate 62, and the third support plate 63; the center of the first support plate 61 and the second support plate 62 are provided with a central notch 65 corresponding to the upper and lower sides, and an air baffle 64 with an area equivalent to (equal to or slightly larger than) the central notch 65 is arranged below the first support plate 61 and the second support plate 62. The air baffle 64 is fixed to each support plate by a fixing rod 641. A plurality of ventilation notches 67 are arranged around the second support plate 62 and the third support plate 63 at intervals, and the ventilation notches 67 around the second support plate 62 and the third support plate 63 are aligned and connected up and down. In this embodiment, preferably, a circumferential ventilation gap 67 is provided every 90 degrees.

[0048] A cross rib plate 69 is provided below the third support plate 63, which, on the one hand, improves the overall strength of the third support plate 63 and prevents the wear and rupture of the heat exchange tubes caused by the vibration of the tube bundle, and on the other hand, prevents the liquid disturbance below the third support plate 63, which is not conducive to heat exchange and thus affects the heat exchange efficiency. The rib plate 69 can also be in other forms, as long as it can achieve the above-mentioned combined form, such as a sun-divergent shape, an X-shape, or the length of each rib plate is only extended to the inner side of the outer edge of the third support plate 63 for a length that does not reach the center of the circle.

[0049] The number of layers of the above-mentioned support plate is not limited to three layers, and two layers, four layers or other layers are all possible, that is, a second support plate 62 is added in the middle, which falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Figure 5 The second support plate 62 in the.

[0050] A plurality of heat exchange tubes 4 sequentially penetrate the front tube sheet 8, the heat exchange tube holes 66 on each support plate, and the rear tube sheet 2 to connect the rear tube box assembly 1 with the space inside the front tube box 9. After the gaseous refrigerant enters the jacket gas equalizing structure 10 from the air inlet pipe 7, it passes through the annular space between the condenser cylinder 5 and the jacket gas equalizing structure 10 and then evenly enters the interior of the condenser cylinder through the gas equalizing holes 5-1 on the upper part of the condenser cylinder 5; in the condenser cylinder 5, a part of the refrigerant gas exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube 4 and condenses to form a gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, while the other part of the gaseous refrigerant drives the liquid refrigerant to flow to the center of the condenser cylinder 5, and flows downward through the middle ventilation notch 65 of the first support plate 61 on the support plate assembly 6, reducing the accumulation of refrigerant liquid on the plate surface of the first support plate 61 and flowing downward from the tube hole gap along the tube wall, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency; the refrigerant mixture flowing downward through the central ventilation notch 65 of the first support plate 61 collides with the air baffle plate 64 arranged below the first support plate 61, which, on the one hand, increases the contact time of the refrigerant gas and improves the heat exchange efficiency, and on the other hand, separates the refrigerant liquid and the refrigerant gas generated by the heat exchange above the first support plate 61, The refrigerant liquid flows downward through the gap between the air baffle plate 64 and the heat exchange tube 4, preventing the refrigerant liquid from covering the surface of the heat exchange tube 4, which is not conducive to heat exchange; the refrigerant gas after colliding with the air baffle plate 64 continues to exchange heat with the heat exchange tube 4 arranged between the first support plate 61 and the second support plate 62. Since the second support plate 62 is provided with a ventilation gap 65 and ventilation gaps 67 on all sides, the liquid refrigerant can flow downward from the two ventilation gaps to the bottom of the condenser, which can effectively reduce the accumulation of refrigerant liquid on the second support plate 62, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency; at the same time, another air baffle plate 64 is also provided below the second support plate 62 to achieve the re-separation of the refrigerant mixture; since there is no gap in the center of the third support plate 63, on the one hand, the refrigerant gas is prevented from directly flowing to the bottom of the condenser cylinder and causing the bottom liquid level fluctuation, and on the other hand, the gas-liquid mixed refrigerant flowing to the third support plate 63 is guided to the support plate gap in the direction of the inner wall of the cylinder, and in this process, it continues to contact and exchange heat with the heat exchange tube to increase the supercooling degree.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] Based on Example 3, Figure 5 As shown, Figure 3-4 The support plate assembly 6 used in the neutral evaporator adopts the following structure:

[0053] Liquid refrigerant enters the cylinder 5 from the liquid inlet of the liquid inlet pipe at the lower part of the cylinder, forms a liquid surface in the cylinder 5, and exchanges heat with the coolant in the heat exchange tube 12. The generated gaseous refrigerant rises through the peripheral air-permeable grooves of the third support plate 63 and the second support plate 62 and the middle gaps of the first support plate 61 and the second support plate 62. The upper part of the first support plate 61 does not have peripheral air-permeable grooves. The gas rising from the peripheral air-permeable grooves of the second support plate must flow around and then rise through the middle gap of the first support plate. The refrigerant vapor rising from the middle gap of the second support plate 62 must also flow around and then pass through the middle gap on the first support plate 61 to enter the evaporator core tube 11 because of the obstruction of the baffle 64. The refrigerant gas in the evaporator core tube 11 enters the evaporator cylinder 5 through the openings on the core tube 11. Because the openings of the cylinder 5 and the openings of the core tube 11 are misaligned, the gas must flow around and then overflow from the cylinder openings into the space formed by the cylinder and the jacket. The gas outlet on the jacket is misaligned with the opening of the cylinder. The gas is discharged from the gas outlet into the compressor after circumferential flow. Due to multiple circumferential flows, the gas flow rate is reduced, which can reduce the risk of liquid inhalation by the compressor.

Claims

1. A jacket gas equalization structure, characterized in that: Applied to condensers or evaporators, it consists of a jacket cylinder and a jacket sealing ring, which is arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchanger cylinder and forms a closed annular space with the inner wall of the jacket cylinder. The outer wall of the heat exchanger cylinder is circumferentially provided with air equalizing holes or grooves, and the annular space is connected with the heat exchange space inside the heat exchanger cylinder through the air equalizing holes or grooves. An air inlet or an air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the jacket cylinder; the outer wall area of ​​the heat exchanger cylinder facing the air inlet or the air outlet arranged on the side wall of the jacket cylinder is in a closed cylinder wall state; the jacket sealing ring is sealed and connected from the lower end face or the upper end face to the outer wall of the heat exchanger cylinder and the side wall of the jacket cylinder to form the annular space.

2. The jacket gas equalization structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the heat exchanger cylinder and the upper end surface of the side wall of the jacket cylinder are sealed by heat exchange tube sheets to form the annular space, and the lower end surface is sealed by a jacket sealing ring.

3. A support plate assembly, characterized in that The jacket air equalizing structure described in claim 1 or 2 is adopted, which is arranged in the heat exchanger cylinder in the vertical direction to support the heat exchange tube. A plurality of support plates are stacked and fixed together from top to bottom, and each support plate surface is evenly distributed with heat exchange tube holes that penetrate up and down for passing the heat exchange tube. The centers of the two support plates near the top are provided with corresponding central notches up and down, and an air baffle plate with a size equivalent to the central notch is arranged at the first spacing distance below the two support plates; a plurality of surrounding ventilation notches are arranged at intervals around the two support plates near the bottom, and the surrounding ventilation notches on each plate are aligned and penetrated up and down; a rib plate is arranged below the bottommost support plate.

4. The support plate assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that A rib plate with a plate surface extending in a vertical direction is arranged below the lowest support plate.

5. The support plate assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that The ribs arranged below the lowest support plate are arranged in a sun-radiating, X-shaped, or cross-shaped manner, or the length of each rib is only extended inward from the outer edge of the lowest support plate by a length less than the radius.

6. The support plate assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that The air baffle is fixed on each supporting plate, and the supporting plate assembly is fixed on the inner wall of the heat exchanger cylinder.

7. A heat exchange device, the heat exchange device is a condenser or an evaporator, characterized in that The jacket gas equalizing structure described in claim 1 or 2 is adopted.

8. A heat exchange device, the heat exchange device being a condenser or an evaporator, characterized in that A support plate assembly as described in any one of claims 3 to 6 is adopted.

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