A continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace

Abstract

The present invention discloses a continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace, which belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and garbage disposal. The device includes a slag discharge pipe, a material receiver, a spiral discharger and a water-sealed material trough. The slag discharge pipe has a cylindrical body, one end of which is a receiving port, which is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction furnace and is used to receive ash from the pyrolysis furnace. The other end of the body is a slag discharge port. The material receiver is located directly below the slag discharge port. The material receiver receives the ash and transmits it to the spiral feeder. The spiral feeder is obliquely inserted in the water-sealed material trough, which is filled with water, and the water level is higher than the highest point of the material receiver. The inside of the slag discharge pipe is provided with a multifunctional backflow plate and a side guide plate in sequence from the receiving port to the slag discharge port. The present invention has designed a water-sealed material trough and a spiral discharger, which can seal the continuous discharge, and is also designed with a buffer function and a water vapor condensation function, which can reduce the generation of water vapor, and at the same time can slow down and block the water vapor from rising into the furnace, and is easy to collect ash.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and garbage disposal, and in particular relates to a discharge device for a domestic garbage pyrolysis furnace. Background Art

[0002] Conventional methods of domestic waste treatment include sanitary landfill, composting, and incineration. Sanitary landfill technology has a long history and mature processes, but it occupies a large area, takes a long time to completely treat the waste, and will cause a large amount of land resource consumption. There are also problems such as leakage of leachate from garbage polluting the soil and water. Domestic waste composting can utilize waste resources and convert it into fertilizer, but it has high requirements for waste raw materials, and the output fertilizer is not efficient, and the scope of application is limited. There are other industry restrictions. Waste incineration can maximize the reduction of domestic waste and convert it into non-polluting components such as carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic ash, but it is also prone to produce pollutants and toxic substances such as sulfides, nitrogen oxides, and dioxins.

[0003] Garbage pyrolysis treatment technology is a heat treatment method that can replace garbage incineration technology and achieve a significant harmless reduction in garbage. In an oxygen-free environment, the pyrolysis reaction converts domestic garbage into pyrolysis gas (oil) and residual carbon composed of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, low-molecular organic matter, etc. The pyrolysis gas (oil) and residual carbon are further burned under controlled oxygen and completely oxidized into carbon dioxide and water. The pyrolysis reaction avoids the direct incomplete oxygen-controlled combustion of chlorine-containing high-molecular organic matter, which can effectively reduce the production of toxic gases such as dioxins. Ash slag will be formed after the carbon residue is burned, and the slag discharge device is mostly a water seal device or a grate device. For the water seal discharge device, when the high-temperature slag is discharged into the water for cooling, a large amount of water vapor will be generated. The steam pressure causes the gas to recoil into the furnace body, hindering normal slag discharge and even damaging the furnace body.

[0004] Existing traditional garbage pyrolysis furnace discharge devices are mostly direct discharge or simple water seal devices. Direct discharge leads to poor sealing of the furnace body, while with simple water seal devices, water vapor generated by high-temperature residues is easy to surge up from the discharge port of the garbage pyrolysis furnace, hindering the residue from falling, causing residue blockage and even damaging the furnace body, and the residue that falls into the water is not easy to collect.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace that can continuously and stably discharge slag to ensure that the garbage pyrolysis furnace can continuously and stably perform pyrolysis. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace, which is designed with a water-sealed material trough and a spiral discharging device, which can seal the continuous discharging. In addition, the device is designed with a buffer function and a water vapor condensation function, and is also designed with a slag condensation structure, which can make the pyrolysis residue fall evenly, and also minimize the generation of water vapor by controlling the slag temperature. At the same time, it can also slow down and block the water vapor from rising into the garbage pyrolysis furnace, and it is easy to collect ash.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace, which includes a slag discharge pipe, a material receiver, a spiral discharger and a water-sealed material trough. The slag discharge pipe has a cylindrical body, one end of which is a receiving port, which is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction furnace and is used to receive ash from the pyrolysis furnace. The other end of the pipe body is a slag discharge port, and the material receiver is directly below the slag discharge port. After receiving the ash, the material receiver transfers the ash to the spiral feeder. The spiral feeder is obliquely inserted in the water-sealed material trough, and the water seal trough is filled with water, and the water level is higher than the highest point of the material receiver.

[0008] Furthermore, a multifunctional guide plate and a side guide plate are sequentially arranged inside the slag discharge pipe body from the receiving port to the slag discharge port. The multifunctional guide plate is like an umbrella cover, arranged directly below the receiving port, and its maximum diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the receiving port, so as to fully block the water vapor caused by the high temperature after the slag falls into the water-sealed material trough, prevent the water vapor from entering the furnace or block the ash from being smoothly discharged from the combustion pyrolysis furnace. The side guide plates are located inside the pipe body and are shaped like an hourglass as a whole. During operation, the ash falls on the top surface of the multifunctional guide plate, falls evenly around under the action of gravity, and then gathers to the middle through the side guide plates. After passing through the slag discharge port, it falls into the water-sealed material trough, rapidly cools down and generates a large amount of high-temperature steam. After passing through the side guide plates, the high-temperature steam surges to the middle, and then encounters the inner surface of the cone of the multifunctional guide plate, gathers on the inner surface of the cone and cannot surge to the discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace, slowing down the upward speed of the water vapor and preventing a large amount of high-temperature steam from surging into the pyrolysis furnace.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the multifunctional guide plate is connected to one end of the guide pipe, the other end of the guide pipe is connected to the steam condensation device, the outlet of the steam condensation device is connected to the drain pipe, and below the drain pipe is a water seal material trough. When working, the water vapor collected by the multifunctional guide plate is condensed into water by the steam condensation device, and then recovered to the water seal material trough through the drain pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the receiving port is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to form a tubular channel, in which a second gas distributor is arranged. When working, the second gas distributor and part of the ventilation pipe connected to the second gas distributor will be buried by the ash in the tubular channel, so as to absorb the heat of the slag to cool the slag. The nozzle on the second gas distributor is tilted downward to prevent the ash from clogging the nozzle. When working, the oxygen source sprayed by the second gas distributor is fully mixed and burned by the ash layer and the high-temperature residual carbon falling through the residual carbon guide plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the shape of the material receiver is like a funnel, with a trumpet-shaped large end and a tubular small end. The trumpet-shaped large end faces the slag outlet and has a larger diameter than the slag outlet. The tubular small end is connected to the pipe wall of the spiral discharger.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the pyrolysis reactor connected to the receiving port is conical, a residual carbon backflow plate is arranged inside the conical cavity, a first gas distributor is arranged above the residual carbon guide plate, the first gas distributor is connected to the main oxygen supply pipe of the outside, the nozzle of the first gas distributor is inclined upward, and the residual carbon backflow plate is in an inverted cone shape, similar to an umbrella cover, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the umbrella cover.

[0013] Furthermore, a coil is provided on the outer wall of the bottom of the conical pyrolysis reactor, one end of the coil is connected to the main oxygen supply pipe outside, and the other end of the coil is connected to the first gas distributor.

[0014] In general, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0015] The discharge device provided by the present invention sets a buffer zone between the garbage pyrolysis furnace and the water seal material trough. By setting a multifunctional guide plate and combining with a spiral discharger, steam backflow is effectively prevented, and steam recycling is realized, water consumption is saved, and ash is made to fall evenly to prevent ash blockage. The present invention ensures the sealing of the furnace body through the water seal, and solves the residue collection problem of the water seal device by using a spiral feeder. By setting a second air distributor in the slag outlet of the furnace body, the slag temperature can be reduced, and the amount of steam generated by the high-temperature slag falling into the water seal material trough can be reduced from the source, and the air or oxygen injected into the furnace can also be heated. The structure of the discharge device of the present invention is ingenious and reasonable, which ensures the smooth progress of the slag discharge link, and can also remove waste heat air, which is more conducive to pyrolysis and aerobic combustion reactions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of a continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a detailed schematic diagram of the internal and external structures at the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis furnace in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] The continuous discharge device of the pyrolysis furnace of the present invention comprises a slag discharge pipe, a material receiver, a spiral discharger and a water-sealed material trough. The slag discharge pipe is cylindrical, one end of the pipe is a receiving port, the receiving port is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction furnace, and is used to receive ash from the pyrolysis furnace. The other end of the pipe is a slag discharge port. The material receiver is directly below the slag discharge port. The material receiver transmits the ash to the spiral feeder after receiving the ash. The spiral feeder is obliquely inserted in the water-sealed material trough. The water-sealed material trough is filled with water, and the water level is higher than the highest point of the material receiver. The inside of the slag discharge pipe is sequentially provided with a multifunctional guide plate and a side guide plate from the receiving port to the slag discharge port. The multifunctional guide plate is like an umbrella cover, and is arranged directly below the receiving port, and its maximum diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the receiving port, so as to fully block the water vapor caused by the high temperature after the slag falls into the water-sealed material trough, prevent the water vapor from entering the furnace or block the ash from being smoothly discharged from the combustion pyrolysis furnace. The side guide plate is located in the pipe body, and the whole is in the shape of an hourglass. During operation, the ash falls on the top surface of the multifunctional guide plate, and falls evenly to the surroundings under the action of gravity, and then passes through the side guide plates to gather in the middle, and after passing through the slag outlet, it falls into the water-sealed material trough, rapidly cools down and produces a large amount of high-temperature steam. After passing through the side guide plates, the high-temperature steam surges to the middle, and then encounters the inner surface of the cone of the multifunctional guide plate, where it gathers and cannot surge to the pyrolysis furnace outlet, slowing down the upward speed of the water vapor and preventing a large amount of high-temperature steam from surging into the pyrolysis furnace. The top of the multifunctional guide plate is connected to one end of the guide pipe, and the other end of the guide pipe is connected to the steam condensation device. The outlet of the steam condensation device is connected to the drain pipe, and the water-sealed material trough is below the drain pipe. During operation, the water vapor collected by the multifunctional guide plate is condensed into water by the steam condensation device, and then recovered to the water-sealed material trough through the drain pipe. The receiving port is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to form a tubular channel, in which a second gas distributor is arranged. When working, the second gas distributor and part of the ventilation pipe connected to the second gas distributor will be buried by the ash in the tubular channel, so as to absorb the heat of the slag to cool the slag. The nozzle on the second gas distributor is tilted downward to prevent the ash from blocking the nozzle. The shape of the receiving device is like a funnel, with a trumpet-shaped large end and a tubular small end. The trumpet-shaped large end is directly opposite to the slag outlet, and the diameter is larger than the slag outlet. The tubular small end is connected to the pipe wall of the spiral discharger. The bottom of the pyrolysis reactor connected to the receiving port is conical, and a residual carbon backflow plate is arranged inside the conical cavity. The first gas distributor is arranged above the residual carbon guide plate. The first gas distributor is connected to the main oxygen supply pipe outside. The nozzle of the first gas distributor is tilted upward, and the residual carbon backflow plate is in the shape of an inverted cone, similar to an umbrella cover, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the umbrella cover. A coil is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the conical pyrolysis reactor, one end of the coil is connected to the main oxygen supply pipe outside, and the other end of the coil is connected to the first gas distributor.

[0020] In actual engineering, the top of the pyrolysis furnace is the pyrolysis furnace feed port, and the pyrolysis furnace is divided into two parts from top to bottom, the pyrolysis chamber and the combustion chamber. The pyrolysis chamber and the combustion chamber are connected through the pyrolysis chamber discharge port. A conical multifunctional guide plate is arranged below the discharge port. The conical multifunctional guide plate extends around to form a hat-shaped structure, and 20*20 round holes are evenly arranged on the disc. Below the pyrolysis chamber discharge port and above the multifunctional guide plate, a circle of gas distribution pipes (which can be called the first gas distributor, or the combustion chamber air supply pipe group) is arranged along the furnace wall. At the bottom of the combustion chamber, along the pyrolysis furnace outlet (the pyrolysis furnace discharge port is connected to the receiving port to form a tubular channel), there is also a circle of gas distribution pipes (called the second gas distributor). During operation, after the material is fully pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber, the generated pyrolysis gas, tar and pyrolysis residue will rush into the combustion chamber from the pyrolysis chamber outlet due to the negative pressure state of the combustion chamber. The pyrolysis residue contains block carbon residue and powder carbon residue. The powder carbon residue, pyrolysis gas and tar all collide with the carbon residue guide plate to form turbulence, and are fully mixed with the air introduced from the first gas distributor and then burned. The block carbon residue falls on the round table around the carbon residue guide plate. The block carbon residue smaller than 20*20 will fall from the small holes, while the larger carbon residue will stay on the disc and burn fully. When the carbon residue on the disc accumulates to a certain extent, it will fall from all sides. An ash layer will form at the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the falling carbon residue will fall on the ash layer. A circle of gas distribution pipes (also the second gas distributor) is provided in the tubular channel formed by the pyrolysis furnace outlet and the receiving port of the discharge device below the ash layer, and sufficient oxygen is introduced upward, and the carbon residue is fully burned on the ash layer. Some smaller carbon residues will be fully exposed to oxygen and burned out during the process of falling from the disc.

[0021] The residual carbon guide plate can increase the gas turbulence in the furnace, make the pyrolysis gas contact with oxygen more fully, thereby solving the problem of incomplete gas combustion. It can also increase the residence time of the residual carbon in the furnace, make the residual carbon burn more fully, and solve the problem of the ash reduction rate not meeting the standard.

[0022] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the continuous discharging device of the garbage pyrolysis furnace in the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the discharging device includes a feed port 1 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 and a slag outlet of the pyrolysis furnace. The slag outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the receiving port 3 of the slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag discharge pipe body is the receiving port 3, and the other end of the pipe body is the slag outlet 6. The slag outlet is connected to the material receiver 7. In the slag discharge pipe, a multifunctional guide plate 4 and a side guide plate 5 are provided. A screw feeder 8 is connected to the outlet of the material receiver 7. One end of the screw feeder 8 is obliquely inserted into the water seal material groove 9, and the other end extends out of the water seal material groove. A motor 10 is connected to the end of the screw feeder 8 extending out of the water seal material groove, which is used to provide power for the screw shaft rotation of the screw feeder 8. An air guide 11 and a steam condensation device 12 are arranged near the top of the slag discharge pipe assembly. The multifunctional guide plate 4 is umbrella-shaped. The air guide 11 is connected to the tip of the multifunctional guide plate, and can transport the water vapor collected by the umbrella-shaped multifunctional guide plate to the steam condensation device 12, cool and recycle the water vapor, and prevent the water vapor from hindering the slag discharge. The shape of the receiver 7 is like a funnel, with a trumpet-shaped large end and a tubular small end. The trumpet-shaped large end is opposite to the slag discharge port, and the diameter is larger than the slag discharge port. The tubular small end is connected to the pipe wall of the spiral discharger.

[0023] During operation, the residue of the garbage pyrolysis furnace is discharged from the discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace. The multifunctional guide plate is a conical structure. After the material falls on the curved surface of the multifunctional guide plate, it falls evenly to the surroundings, and then passes through the side guide plate to gather in the middle. After passing through the discharge port, it falls into the water seal material trough, rapidly cools down and produces a large amount of high-temperature steam. After the high-temperature steam passes through the side guide plate, it surges to the middle, and then encounters the inner surface of the cone of the multifunctional guide plate. It gathers on the inner surface of the cone and cannot surge to the discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace, slowing down the upward speed of the water vapor and preventing a large amount of high-temperature steam from surging into the pyrolysis furnace. The small amount of upward steam that overflows will not affect the discharge. The steam gathered at the top of the cone will enter the air guide pipe, and then condensed into liquid water through the steam condensation device, and then reused in the water seal material trough. After the residue falls into the water seal cylinder, the cooled ash is collected by the receiver, and then falls into the screw feeder, and is transported out of the water seal cylinder for collection.

[0024] Figure 2It is a detailed schematic diagram of the internal and external structure at the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis furnace in the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the receiving port is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to form a tubular channel. A second air distributor 16 is arranged in the tubular channel. When working, the second air distributor 16 and part of the ventilation pipe connected to the second air distributor will be buried by the ash in the tubular channel, so that the heat of the slag can be absorbed to cool the slag. The nozzle on the second air distributor is tilted downward to prevent the ash from clogging the nozzle. The bottom of the pyrolysis reactor connected to the receiving port is conical, and a residual carbon backflow plate 15 is arranged inside the conical cavity. A first air distributor 13 is arranged above the residual carbon guide plate. The first air distributor 13 is connected to the main oxygen supply pipe 17 outside. The nozzle of the first air distributor is tilted upward, and the residual carbon backflow plate is inverted cone shape, similar to an umbrella cover, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the umbrella cover. A coil 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the conical pyrolysis reactor, one end of the coil is connected to the main oxygen supply pipe outside, and the other end of the coil is connected to the first air distributor.

[0025] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that: It includes a slag discharge pipe, a material receiver, a spiral discharger and a water-sealed material trough. The slag discharge pipe is cylindrical, one end of which is a receiving port, which is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction furnace and is used to receive the ash from the pyrolysis furnace. The other end of the pipe is a slag discharge port. Directly below the slag discharge port is a material receiver. After receiving the ash, the material receiver transmits the ash to the spiral feeder. One end of the spiral feeder is obliquely inserted in the water-sealed material trough. The water-sealed material trough is filled with water, and the water level is higher than the highest point of the material receiver. The other end of the spiral discharger extends out of the water surface and the water-sealed material trough to transport the water-cooled ash to the outside. The inside of the slag discharge pipe body is provided with a multifunctional guide plate and a side guide plate in sequence from the receiving port to the slag discharge port. The multifunctional guide plate is like an umbrella cover, arranged directly below the receiving port, and its maximum diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the receiving port, so as to fully block the water vapor caused by the high temperature after the slag falls into the water seal trough, prevent the water vapor from entering the furnace or blocking the ash from being smoothly discharged from the combustion pyrolysis furnace. The side guide plate is located inside the pipe body, and the whole is in the shape of an hourglass. During operation, the ash falls on the top surface of the multifunctional guide plate, falls evenly to the surroundings under the action of gravity, and then gathers to the middle through the side guide plates. After passing through the slag outlet, it falls into the water seal trough, where it is quickly cooled and produces high-temperature steam. After passing through the side guide plates, the high-temperature steam surges to the middle, and then encounters the conical inner surface of the multifunctional guide plate. It gathers on the conical inner surface and cannot surge to the pyrolysis furnace outlet, which slows down the upward speed of the water vapor and prevents the high-temperature steam from surging into the pyrolysis furnace. The top of the multifunctional guide plate is connected to one end of the guide pipe, the other end of the guide pipe is connected to the steam condensation device, the outlet of the steam condensation device is connected to the drain pipe, and below the drain pipe is a water seal material tank. When working, the water vapor collected by the multifunctional guide plate is condensed into water by the steam condensation device, and then recovered to the water seal material tank through the drain pipe.

2. A continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving port is connected to the bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to form a tubular channel, in which a second gas distributor is arranged. When working, the second gas distributor and part of the ventilation pipe connected to the second gas distributor will be buried by the ash in the tubular channel, so as to absorb the heat of the slag to cool the slag. The nozzle on the second gas distributor is tilted downward to prevent the ash from clogging the nozzle. During operation, the oxygen source sprayed by the second gas distributor ascends from the ash layer and is fully mixed and burned with the high-temperature residual carbon falling through the residual carbon guide plate.

3. A continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The shape of the material receiver is like a funnel, with a trumpet-shaped large end and a tubular small end. The trumpet-shaped large end faces the slag outlet and has a larger diameter than the slag outlet. The tubular small end is connected to the pipe wall of the spiral discharger.

4. A continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the pyrolysis reactor connected to the receiving port is conical in shape, and a residual carbon guide plate is arranged inside the conical cavity. A first gas distributor is arranged above the residual carbon guide plate. The first gas distributor is connected to the main oxygen supply pipe outside. The nozzle of the first gas distributor is inclined upward, and the residual carbon guide plate is in an inverted cone shape, similar to an umbrella cover, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the umbrella cover.

5. A continuous discharging device for a garbage pyrolysis furnace as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A coil is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the conical pyrolysis reactor, one end of the coil is connected to the main oxygen supply pipe outside, and the other end of the coil is connected to the first gas distributor.

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