A tourmaline spreading device and a method for producing modified tourmaline biochar from tourmaline after spreading using the device

Abstract

A tourmaline distribution device and a method for producing modified tourmaline biochar by using the tourmaline distribution device. The present invention specifically relates to a tourmaline distribution device and a method for producing modified tourmaline biochar by using the tourmaline distribution device. The present invention aims to solve the problem that in the current process of enhancing the sewage treatment effect by adding tourmaline powder, the tourmaline powder is discharged from the reactor together with the residual sludge, resulting in high operating costs, cumbersome addition process, uneven distribution and secondary pollution of residual sludge in urban sewage treatment plants. It consists of a distribution plate, a feed pipe and a partition plate. Method: The residual sludge containing tourmaline is used to produce materials for biologically enhancing water treatment effects, thereby realizing the resource recycling of tourmaline and sludge in the factory.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention specifically relates to a tourmaline spreading device and a method for producing modified tourmaline biochar by spreading tourmaline with the device. Background Art

[0002] Tourmaline has thermoelectricity, piezoelectricity, adsorption effect, and polarization and pleochroism of the transparent crystal longitudinal section. Through research, it is found that adding tourmaline powder to the system can increase the startup speed of the reactor, promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the reactor, increase biomass, easily form bacterial flocs, and improve the degradation efficiency of microorganisms on wastewater. Comparing several methods of using tourmaline to enhance water treatment structures, including making tourmaline into suspended fillers, immobilized tourmaline, etc., the method of directly adding tourmaline powder to the water treatment structure has the characteristics of good effect, small amount of addition, simple operation, and strong stability. However, there will be problems such as tourmaline flowing out of the reactor during the sludge discharge process, resulting in increased operating costs.

[0003] With the rapid development of my country's national economy, urbanization and small town construction are accelerating, a large number of water plants and sewage plants have been built and put into use, and the amount of sludge is increasing. As a by-product of water treatment, sludge will cause serious secondary pollution if not treated in time. Traditional landfill, incineration, agricultural use and other methods and measures have significant hazards. For example, incineration of sludge will produce strong carcinogens dioxins, agricultural use of sludge will introduce problems in the control of harmful bacteria, and sanitary landfill will encounter problems such as leachate. It is limited in application, so the research and practice of sludge reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and resource utilization have become particularly important and urgent. If the sludge discharged from the water plant is not treated, the pollution will shift from dispersed pollution to concentrated pollution, and the pollution problem of sludge has not been solved. Therefore, the problem of sludge treatment has become very urgent. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems that in the current process of enhancing the sewage treatment effect by adding tourmaline powder, the tourmaline powder is discharged from the reactor together with the residual sludge, resulting in high operating costs, cumbersome adding process, uneven distribution and secondary pollution of residual sludge in urban sewage treatment plants. A tourmaline distribution device and a method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline after distribution using the device are provided.

[0005] The present invention discloses a tourmaline distribution device, which is composed of a distribution plate, a feed pipe and a partition plate; the distribution plate is a cone top cover, and a plurality of partition plates are evenly distributed on the side wall of the distribution plate along the radial direction to divide the side wall of the distribution plate into a plurality of guide surfaces, the feed pipe is arranged above the center position of the distribution plate and overlaps with the upper end of the partition plate, and an annular leakage hole is processed on the outer edge of the side wall of the distribution plate.

[0006] The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar by using a tourmaline distributing device to distribute tourmaline is carried out according to the following steps:

[0007] 1. Install a tourmaline distribution device at the water inlet of the urban sewage treatment plant, then add tourmaline particles into the system through the tourmaline distribution device, and collect the remaining sludge containing tourmaline after the system treatment;

[0008] 2. Recycling the excess sludge containing tourmaline into biofiller to obtain modified tourmaline biochar;

[0009] 3. Apply modified tourmaline biochar to water treatment.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0011] The present invention adopts a tourmaline distribution device to evenly feed tourmaline into the system, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the tourmaline content in the residual sludge; the municipal sludge and the mine waste tourmaline are co-pyrolyzed to prepare biochar, and the pore structure and nutrient elements of the municipal sludge biochar, as well as the excellent specific surface performance, thermal conductivity and piezoelectricity of the tourmaline are fully utilized to achieve the reduction, harmless treatment and resource utilization of municipal sludge and mine waste, and realize the efficient improvement of the water environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tourmaline distribution device;

[0013] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overlap between the feed pipe and the upper end of the partition plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following specific implementation methods are described.

[0015] Specific implementation method 1: In this implementation method, a tourmaline distribution device consists of a distribution plate 1, a feed pipe 2 and a partition plate 3; the distribution plate 1 is a conical top cover, and the side wall of the distribution plate 1 is evenly distributed with a plurality of partition plates 3 along the radial direction, which are used to divide the side wall of the distribution plate 1 into a plurality of guide surfaces, and the feed pipe 2 is arranged above the center position of the distribution plate 1 and overlaps with the upper end of the partition plate 3, and the outer edge of the side wall of the distribution plate 1 is processed with an annular leakage hole 4.

[0016] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from the specific embodiment 1 in that a secondary partition plate 5 is processed in the radial direction inside the guide surface. The rest is the same as the specific embodiment 1.

[0017] This embodiment is used for guiding, diverting and separating materials sliding down the side of the distribution plate.

[0018] Specific embodiment 3: This embodiment is different from specific embodiment 1 or 2 in that the height of the partition plate 3 is greater than the diameter of the feed pipe 2. The rest is the same as specific embodiment 1 or 2.

[0019] This embodiment can ensure that the tourmaline feed will not flip over the partition plate.

[0020] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment is different from specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that the inclination angle of the cloth plate 1 is 20°. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 3.

[0021] This implementation can ensure the speed at which the material slides down.

[0022] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment is different from specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that: the outer edge of the side wall of the cloth plate 1 is processed upward with a fence. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 4.

[0023] This implementation can prevent materials from directly sliding out from the outer edge when there is a lot of material, thereby ensuring that the material flows into the sewage evenly.

[0024] Specific embodiment 6: In this embodiment, a method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline after spreading by a tourmaline spreading device is carried out according to the following steps:

[0025] 1. Install a tourmaline distribution device at the water inlet of the urban sewage treatment plant, then add tourmaline particles into the system through the tourmaline distribution device, and collect the remaining sludge containing tourmaline after the system treatment;

[0026] 2. Recycling the excess sludge containing tourmaline into biofiller to obtain modified tourmaline biochar;

[0027] 3. Apply modified tourmaline biochar to water treatment.

[0028] The present embodiment adopts a tourmaline distribution device to ensure the uniformity of tourmaline particles during the addition process.

[0029] In this embodiment, the tourmaline particles can also be added by mixing raw water with the incoming water through a pipeline mixer, or evenly added to various parts of the system. The addition methods include manual addition and mechanical addition, and there is no need to use a tourmaline spreading device.

[0030] This implementation method can efficiently and controllably regulate the green circulation of tourmaline and excess sludge in a sewage treatment plant.

[0031] In step 2 of this embodiment, the residual sludge containing tourmaline is first dried at 80-120° C. to a constant weight, and then ground and passed through a 60-100 mesh sieve.

[0032] In step three of this embodiment, the modified tourmaline biochar is commercialized and sold as a water treatment bio-enhancement additive.

[0033] In the present embodiment, the sewage treatment is bioenhanced by directly adding tourmaline particles. Direct addition of tourmaline can maximize the bioenhancing effect of tourmaline, and the degree of regulation is controllable. Tourmaline can spontaneously form a permanent electric field, that is, the tourmaline particles are equivalent to an electric dipole, which can give a micro-electric field effect in the system. Such a micro-electric field can enhance the metabolic capacity of cells, stimulate the synthesis of biopolymers, enhance enzyme activity, improve cell membrane permeability, and promote the proliferation of microbial cells. Tourmaline is used to enhance the sewage treatment effect, mainly using the piezoelectricity and thermoelectricity of tourmaline. Because intermittent aeration must be increased during the sewage treatment process, the pressure on the tourmaline particles is constantly changing, causing the electric field around the tourmaline particles to change all the time. Such electrical stimulation increases the microbial treatment efficiency and improves the sewage treatment effect. In the present embodiment, residual sludge containing tourmaline is used to produce biological filler, mainly through the pyrolysis process to remove inorganic matter in the sludge, and release it in the form of volatile gas, so that the free carbon atoms form irregular graphite crystals, and the tourmaline particles are embedded in the graphite crystals to form a pore structure together with the graphite crystals. The modified tourmaline activated carbon material can be used in water plants and can also be sold commercially.

[0034] The method of using excess sludge containing tourmaline to produce materials for biologically enhancing water treatment has the characteristics of low cost, high efficiency, good treatment effect, turning waste into treasure, saving land resources, treating waste with waste, and complying with the principles of resource utilization, harmlessness, and reduction of solid waste at home and abroad. The uniqueness of the present invention is that the direct addition of tourmaline particles ensures a high biological enhancement effect of the water treatment structure, and the modified tourmaline activated carbon material is used to realize the recycling of tourmaline particles and excess sludge in the sewage treatment plant. The present invention makes full use of the resources of tourmaline particles and excess sludge in sewage treatment plants, greatly reduces the investment and operating costs of sewage treatment, opens up a new field for the application of tourmaline particles and sludge, and changes the traditional concept of sewage treatment.

[0035] The organic matter content in the residual sludge of the sewage treatment plant is about 60% to 70%. The residual sludge can be converted into porous carbon materials after carbonization and activation. In particular, the activation process can have a significant impact on the structure of activated carbon. Carbonization is the decomposition of carbon-containing organic matter under the action of heat, which reduces non-carbon elements and generates carbon-rich solid products. Tourmaline is a unidirectional polar axis crystal with non-centrosymmetry. Due to the presence of lone pairs of electrons and free positive ions in the crystal structure, the positive and negative polarity centers do not coincide, and tourmaline has permanent electrical polarity. When the calcination temperature is below 500°C, the structure of tourmaline does not change. With the increase of temperature, the internal expansion of the tourmaline crystal, the symmetry is enhanced, and the spontaneous electrical polarity increases; when the temperature is higher than 500°C, the structure of tourmaline changes, and the Fe in the crystal 2+ Start to Fe 3+ As the temperature increases, the lattice in the crystal shrinks and the electrical polarity increases. When the temperature is 800℃, the Fe 2+ Oxidized to Fe 3+ , the lattice shrinkage is the strongest, and the surface electrode reaches an extreme value; when the temperature exceeds 800℃, tourmaline decomposes, the spontaneous electrical polarity weakens, and the conductivity decreases significantly.

[0036] The modified tourmaline biochar of this embodiment can effectively remove phosphorus, and its adsorption mechanism of phosphate includes electrostatic effect, ligand exchange complexation, ion exchange and electrocatalysis. Phosphate exists in four forms in water, mainly in the form of H3PO4 and H2PO4 under strong acid and weak acid conditions, respectively. - In weakly alkaline and strongly alkaline conditions, it mainly exists in the form of HPO4 2- and PO4 3- When the pH value is in the range of 2 to 9, the removal rate of phosphorus by modified tourmaline biochar is 80 to 99%, while when the pH value is in the range of 10 to 12, the removal rate drops to 60 to 90% and 20 to 60%, respectively.

[0037] The present embodiment removes heavy metals and arsenic: the modified tourmaline biochar can adsorb metalloid As and heavy metal Cr in the form of anions such as As(V) (arsenate), As(III) (arsenite), Cr(VI) (dichromate), and heavy metals such as Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) in the form of cations. The removal rates of As(III), As(V) and Cr(VI) in water are 60-100%, 65-100%, and 68-100%, respectively. The removal rates of Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) in water are 55-100%, 65-100%, 60-100%, and 65-100%, respectively.

[0038] Removal of organic pollutants in this embodiment: Modified tourmaline biochar can remove organic pollutants such as aromatic compounds, emerging drugs and dyes in water. The removal rates of aromatic compounds, emerging drugs and dyes in water are 75-100%, 80-100% and 75-100% respectively.

[0039] Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment is different from specific embodiment 6 in that the size of the tourmaline particles in step 1 is 1nm-10mm, the purity of the tourmaline particles is 1%-100%, and the general formula of the tourmaline particles is XY3Z6[Si6O 18 ][BO3]3(O,OH,F)4, where X is Ca 2+ , K + Or Na + ; Y is Fe 2+ Mg 2+ 、Al 3+ +Li + , Fe 3+ or Mn 2+ ; Z is Al 3+ Cr 3+ , Fe 3+ The tourmaline particles are a mixture of one or more of the general formula. The rest is the same as the sixth embodiment.

[0040] The dielectric constant of tourmaline increases with the increase of polarization. The electrostatic field generated by its spontaneous polarization and various characteristics related to the electrostatic field are also closely related to its dielectric constant. The larger its dielectric constant, the greater its polarization. Therefore, the size of tourmaline particles may have a certain influence on the characteristics related to its electrical properties. The smaller the particle size of tourmaline, the larger its specific surface area, the stronger its surface activity, the more obvious its piezoelectric and thermoelectric effects, and the wider its application field. Therefore, in this embodiment, the particle size of tourmaline particles is controlled to be 1nm to 10mm.

[0041] Specific embodiment 8: This embodiment is different from specific embodiment 6 or 7 in that the final concentration of the tourmaline particles after adding the tourmaline particles in step 1 is 0.1 mg / L to 100 mg / L. The rest is the same as specific embodiment 6 or 7.

[0042] Due to the spontaneous electrodes generated by the piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity of tourmaline, the electric field around the tourmaline can change when the pressure on the tourmaline particles changes or the temperature changes. That is, each tourmaline particle forms a low-frequency, low-voltage alternating electric field. Under the action of the electric field, the metabolism of microorganisms is stimulated, the proliferation of microorganisms is accelerated, and the ability to metabolize pollutants is enhanced. The concentration of tourmaline particles will seriously affect the final treatment effect. The low-frequency, low-voltage alternating electric field has a stimulating effect on microbial metabolism, but too small a concentration will not play the role it should play, and too high a concentration will inhibit microbial metabolism. Therefore, the concentration of this embodiment is controlled at 0.1mg / L to 100mg / L.

[0043] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from specific embodiments 6 to 8 in that the preparation method of resource-based biofiller in step 2 is carbonization, physical activation, gas activation, chemical activation, physical and chemical combination or microwave chemical activation. Others are the same as specific embodiments 6 to 8.

[0044] Specific embodiment ten: This embodiment is different from specific embodiments six to nine in that: the carbonization method is to introduce high-purity nitrogen into the sludge containing tourmaline at a flow rate of 50 to 200 mL / min for 5 to 3 minutes, then adjust the flow rate to 40 mL / min, raise the temperature to 400°C to 750°C at a heating rate of 5-25°C / min, pyrolyze at a temperature of 400°C to 750°C, control the pyrolysis process to 10 minutes to 8 hours, grind it evenly after cooling, and pass it through a 60-120 mesh sieve to obtain modified tourmaline activated carbon. Others are the same as specific embodiments six to nine.

[0045] The inert gas in this embodiment is N2.

[0046] Specific embodiment eleven: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments six to ten in that the gasification activation method is to first carbonize at low temperature and then introduce oxidizing gas or inert gas at a temperature of 300° C. to 800° C. for gasification. The rest is the same as specific embodiments six to ten.

[0047] The oxidizing gas in this embodiment is CO2, water vapor, O2, air, or flue gas.

[0048] Specific embodiment 12: This embodiment is different from specific embodiments 6 to 11 in that the activator used in the chemical activation method is chloride, hydroxide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphate or carbonate; the activator concentration is 0.01 mol / mL to 15 mol / mL, the heating rate is 1°C / min to 150°C / min, the activation time is 10min to 20h, and the activation temperature is 300°C to 800°C. Others are the same as specific embodiments 6 to 11.

[0049] Specific implementation thirteen: This implementation is different from specific implementations six to twelve in that: the physical and chemical combination method uses the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant as raw material, and uses chloride, hydroxide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphate or carbonate as an activator; the concentration of the activator is 0.01 mol / mL to 15 mol / mL, and is directly activated after mixing with the residual sludge containing tourmaline, and after drying, water vapor is used as the activation gas at 300°C to 800°C to obtain modified tourmaline activated carbon. The rest is the same as specific implementations six to twelve.

[0050] Specific embodiment 14: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 6 to 13 in that the microwave chemical activation method is to soak the residual sludge containing tourmaline in a phosphoric acid solution or an activator, and then put it into a microwave oven, the irradiation time is 15s to 50min, the microwave power is 40 to 5000W, the concentration of phosphoric acid or the activator is 0.01mol / mL to 15mol / mL, and the mesopore volume of the prepared modified tourmaline activated carbon accounts for 20% to 80% of the total pore volume. Others are the same as specific embodiments 6 to 13.

[0051] Specific embodiment 15: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 6 to 14 in that: in step 3, the modified tourmaline biochar is used for sludge dehydration before water treatment, and the moisture content of the remaining sludge after dehydration is 1% to 90%. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 6 to 14.

[0052] The beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by the following examples:

[0053] Embodiment: The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline feeding device after feeding is carried out according to the following steps:

[0054] 1. Install a tourmaline distribution device at the water inlet of the urban sewage treatment plant, then add tourmaline particles into the system through the tourmaline distribution device, and collect the remaining sludge containing tourmaline after the system treatment;

[0055] 2. High-purity nitrogen is introduced into the sludge containing tourmaline at a flow rate of 50-200 mL / min for 5-3 min, and then the flow rate is adjusted to 40 mL / min, and the temperature is raised to 400°C-750°C at a heating rate of 5-25°C / min, and pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 400°C-750°C. The pyrolysis process is controlled within 10 min-8 h, and after cooling, it is ground evenly and passed through a 60-120 mesh sieve to obtain modified tourmaline activated carbon;

[0056] 3. Apply modified tourmaline biochar to water treatment.

[0057] The removal rate of phosphorus by the modified tourmaline biochar of this embodiment is 80-99%. Removal of heavy metals and arsenic: The modified tourmaline biochar can adsorb metalloid As and heavy metal Cr in the form of anions such as As(V) (arsenate), As(III) (arsenite), Cr(VI) (dichromate), and heavy metals such as Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) in the form of cations. Among them, the removal rates of As(III), As(V) and Cr(VI) in water are 60-100%, 65-100%, and 68-100%, respectively. The removal rates of Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) in water are 55-100%, 65-100%, 60-100%, and 65-100%, respectively. Removal of organic pollutants: The modified tourmaline biochar can remove organic pollutants such as aromatic compounds, emerging drugs, and dyes in water. Among them, the removal rates of aromatic compounds, emerging drugs and dyes in water are 75-100%, 80-100% and 75-100% respectively.

Claims

1. A method for producing modified tourmaline biochar from tourmaline after the tourmaline distribution device is distributed, characterized in that The method is carried out in the following steps:

1. Install a tourmaline distribution device at the water inlet of the urban sewage treatment plant, then add tourmaline particles into the system through the tourmaline distribution device, and collect the remaining sludge containing tourmaline after the system treatment; 2. Recycling the excess sludge containing tourmaline into biofiller to obtain modified tourmaline biochar; 3. Apply modified tourmaline biochar to water treatment.

2. The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using a tourmaline distribution device after distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that After the tourmaline particles are added in step 1, the final concentration of the tourmaline particles is 0.1 mg / L to 100 mg / L.

3. The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline distribution device after distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that The resource-based preparation method of the biological filler in step 2 is carbonization, physical activation, gas activation, chemical activation, physical and chemical combination or microwave chemical activation.

4. The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline distribution device after distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that The carbonization method comprises the following steps: introducing high-purity nitrogen into the sludge containing tourmaline at a flow rate of 50 to 200 mL / min for 5 to 3 minutes, then adjusting the flow rate to 40 mL / min, raising the temperature to 400 to 750°C at a heating rate of 5 to 25°C / min, pyrolyzing the sludge at a temperature of 400 to 750°C, controlling the pyrolysis process to be within 10 minutes to 8 hours, grinding the sludge evenly after cooling, and passing the sludge through a 60 to 120 mesh sieve to obtain modified tourmaline activated carbon.

5. The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline distribution device after distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that The gasification activation method is to first carbonize at low temperature, and then introduce oxidizing gas or inert gas at a temperature of 300°C to 800°C for gasification.

6. The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline distribution device after distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that The activator used in the chemical activation method is chloride, hydroxide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphate or carbonate; the concentration of the activator is 0.01 mol / mL to 15 mol / mL, the heating rate is 1°C / min to 150°C / min, the activation time is 10min to 20h, and the activation temperature is 300°C to 800°C.

7. The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline distribution device after distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that The physical and chemical combination method uses the sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank of a municipal sewage treatment plant as raw material, and uses chloride, hydroxide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphate or carbonate as an activator; the activator concentration is 0.01 mol / mL to 15 mol / mL, and is directly activated after being mixed with the residual sludge containing tourmaline, and after being dried, water vapor is used as the activating gas at 300°C to 800°C to obtain modified tourmaline activated carbon.

8. The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline distribution device after distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that The microwave chemical activation method is to soak the residual sludge containing tourmaline in a phosphoric acid solution or an activator, and then put it into a microwave oven, the irradiation time is 15s to 50min, the microwave power is 40 to 5000W, the concentration of phosphoric acid or the activator is 0.01mol / mL to 15mol / mL, and the mesopore volume of the prepared modified tourmaline activated carbon accounts for 20% to 80% of the total pore volume.

9. The method for producing modified tourmaline biochar using tourmaline distribution device after distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that In step three, the modified tourmaline biochar is applied to dewater the sludge before water treatment, and the moisture content of the remaining sludge after dehydration is 1% to 90%.

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