Hydraulic undercut
Through the design of hydraulic overheader, the hydraulic transmission system of upper and lower cylinder blocks and bidirectional spiral shafts is solved, and the problem of poor inverting torque transmission of oilfield well repair tools in directional wells and horizontal wells is achieved efficient inverting operations and Widely used to avoid underground accidents.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202110083902.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-01-21
AI Technical Summary
The existing oilfield well repair tools are difficult to achieve due to poor friction and torque transmission in directional wells and horizontal wells, which can easily cause drilling tool adhesion and underground accidents, and the rotational torque causes damage to the pipe string.
A hydraulic overheader is designed to control the contact between the steel ball and the Vertex seat through the hydraulic transmission system of the upper and lower cylinder blocks and the bidirectional spiral shafts. The high-pressure drilling fluid is used to control the contact between the steel ball and the Vertex seat, and realize the inverted operation and reduce the energy loss during the torque transmission process. And transfer the rotational torque through the guide ratchet and the rotating spiral sleeve.
Efficient reverse operation is achieved, the damage to the pipe string is reduced, and the application scope is expanded, including reverse salvage operations of inclined wells and horizontal wells, avoiding underground accidents caused by excessive torque.
Smart Images
Figure CN112727393B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to an oilfield well repair tool, namely a hydraulic undercut device, which is a reversing device for left-hand and right-hand threads of a stuck tool, so as to loosen the connecting threads of the stuck tool and complete the unblocking and fishing operation. Background Art
[0002] In the prior art, a common back-up device is connected to the drill assembly tool, and the assembly tool is connected and lowered to the expected depth, and the hanging weight is recorded. After the fish is caught, the drill bit rotates to anchor the anchor wing plate on the casing wall, and the lower end continues to rotate to generate a reverse back-up torque, thereby achieving back-up. The disadvantages are: the torque is reduced, the anchor wing plate is easy to break as the torque increases, the back-up pipe string is severely corroded, and the drill is easy to get stuck if it cannot be reversed. With the continuous deepening of oil field development, new requirements for back-up release have been put forward for directional wells and horizontal wells. When repairing this type of well, the downhole pipe string is close to the bottom edge of the well wall in the horizontal section and the inclined well section. Affected by factors such as large friction area, multiple points of release between the pipe string and the inner wall of the casing, and bending of the pipe string, the back-up construction has outstanding problems such as the inability to effectively transmit the back-up torque due to friction resistance, and even the drill bit cannot be rotated, pressure cannot be applied, and friction damages the casing. At the same time, excessive torque can easily cause the drill bit to stick, complicating underground accidents. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic undercut device to address the above-mentioned shortcomings. Through the functional structural design of the hydraulic undercut device, the ground hydraulic power source is transferred to the underground undercut rotation torque force, reducing the energy loss in the rotation torque transmission process and avoiding the damage of the pipe string to the large torque.
[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a hydraulic buckle, characterized in that it includes an upper cylinder joint, a rotating outer sleeve, and a lower cylinder joint connected in sequence; the rotating outer sleeve is lined with a rotating inner sleeve, and the rotating inner sleeve has fixed spiral sleeves and rotating spiral sleeves on the left and right sides; a bidirectional spiral shaft is connected in the fixed spiral sleeve and the rotating spiral sleeve; the left end of the bidirectional spiral shaft is connected to an upper piston connected to the upper cylinder joint in a sliding seal, and the right end of the bidirectional spiral shaft is connected to a lower piston connected to the lower cylinder joint in a sliding seal; the lower piston is provided with a discharge valve; a pull rod sealing sleeve is provided in the outlet of the lower cylinder joint, and a hollow reversing control rod of a certain length is provided in the pull rod sealing sleeve, and the inner end of the reversing control rod is provided with a limiting nut; the right end of the rotating outer sleeve is lined with a guide ratchet back cap, a guide ratchet, and a rotating spiral sleeve in sequence, the guide ratchet and the rotating spiral sleeve are movably connected at the end face by ratchets, and the rotating spiral sleeve and the rotating inner sleeve are elastically connected.
[0005] In the above scheme,
[0006] The liquid discharge valve comprises a steel ball in a valve seat, and a reversing ejector rod extending out of the bottom end of the valve seat in the center of the valve seat when in a sealed state.
[0007] The lower piston at the front end of the discharge valve is lined with a reversing control sleeve, and a buffer spring seat is arranged in the reversing control sleeve.
[0008] The rotating outer sleeve and the rotating inner sleeve are connected in a rolling manner through a plurality of balls which are arranged at intervals along the circumference.
[0009] A throttle valve is arranged on the joint of the lower cylinder body.
[0010] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. By using high-pressure drilling fluid, the contact between the steel ball and the valve seat is controlled by the reversing control rod in the cylinder body to control the liquid inlet channel of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body. The area difference between the upper and lower cylinder bodies is used to control the upper piston and the lower piston to drive the bidirectional spiral shaft to reciprocate. The bidirectional spiral shaft is constrained by the fixed spiral sleeve on the cylinder body and rotates at the same time. When the bidirectional spiral shaft moves and rotates, it drives the rotating spiral sleeve, the guide ratchet, the rotating outer sleeve, and the lower cylinder body joint to rotate, and the lower cylinder body joint is connected to the inverted part (fish) to realize the inverted operation. 2. It adopts hydraulic transmission, the output torque is large, there is no need to equip the power source such as the turntable on the ground, there is no need to rotate the pipe column, the application range is wide, and the operation is simple. 3. By adopting hydraulic transmission, in addition to being used in vertical wells, inverted salvage operations can also be performed in inclined wells and horizontal wells. 4. A bidirectional spiral shaft 15 moving structure with upper and lower pistons is adopted, and the pressure difference formed by the different areas of the upper and lower chambers is used to realize the hydraulic control of the rotation of the lower cylinder body joint, and the solid line encounters a stuck tool to release the stuck salvage operation.
[0011] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] See also Figure 1 , the names of the parts are as follows: upper cylinder joint 1, upper sealing retaining ring 2, upper piston 3, upper friction ring 4, fixed spiral sleeve 5, anti-retraction ratchet 6, rotating inner sleeve 7, rotating outer sleeve 8, spiral sleeve spring seat 9, spiral sleeve spring 10, spiral sleeve locating pin 11, rotating spiral sleeve 12, guide ratchet 13, guide ratchet back cap 14, bidirectional spiral shaft 15, reversing control rod 16, lower piston 17, buffer spring seat 18, reversing control sleeve 19, buffer spring 20, anti-top spring 21, lower friction ring 22, lower sealing retaining ring 23, Valve spring 24, reversing push rod 25 Valve seat 26, lower cylinder joint 27, pull rod sealing sleeve 28, throttle valve screw 29, throttle valve screw 30, throttle valve spring 31, oil plug 32, anti-retraction ratchet spring 33, limit nut 34, steel ball 35, ball 36, ratchet 37.
[0014] See also Figure 1 ,explain Figure 1as follows: Figure 1 The part of the figure on the center line shows that the upper piston 3 is at the leftmost position (starting position), and the valve passage is closed at this time; Figure 1 The part of the figure below the center line shows that the lower piston 17 is at the rightmost position, and the valve passage is open at this time.
[0015] See also Figure 1 The hydraulic reverse buckler comprises an upper cylinder body joint 1 (connecting a hydraulic spear), a rotating outer sleeve 8, and a lower cylinder body joint 27 (connecting a fishing spear) which are connected in sequence; the rotating outer sleeve 8 is lined with a rotating inner sleeve 7, and the rotating inner sleeve 7 has a fixed spiral sleeve 5 and a rotating spiral sleeve 12 on the left and right; a bidirectional spiral shaft 15 is connected in the fixed spiral sleeve 5 and the rotating spiral sleeve 12 (the threads on the surfaces of the left and right parts are opposite); the left end (upper end) of the bidirectional spiral shaft 15 is connected to an upper piston 3 which is connected to the upper cylinder body joint 1 in a sliding and sealing manner, and the right end (lower end) of the bidirectional spiral shaft 15 is connected to a lower piston 17 which is connected to the lower cylinder body joint 27 in a sliding and sealing manner; the lower piston 1 7 has a drain valve; the outlet of the lower cylinder joint 27 has a pull rod sealing sleeve 28, and the pull rod sealing sleeve 28 has a hollow reversing control rod 16 extending into the cavity of the lower cylinder joint 27 for a certain length, and the inner end of the reversing control rod 16 has a limiting nut 34; the right end of the rotating outer sleeve 8 is lined with a guide ratchet back cap 14, a guide ratchet 13, and a rotating spiral sleeve 12 in sequence, the guide ratchet 13 and the rotating spiral sleeve 12 are movably connected at the end face through a ratchet 37 (the two can be disengaged), and the rotating spiral sleeve 12 is elastically connected to the rotating inner sleeve 7 (so that the rotating spiral sleeve 12 and the guide ratchet 13 are forced to contact when they are close).
[0016] The drainage valve comprises a steel ball 35 in a valve seat 26, and a reversing push rod 25 extending out of the bottom end of the valve seat 26 in the center of the valve seat 26 when in a sealed state.
[0017] The lower piston 17 at the front end of the discharge valve is lined with a reversing control sleeve 19, and a buffer spring seat 18 is arranged in the reversing control sleeve 19.
[0018] The rotating outer sleeve 8 and the rotating inner sleeve 7 are rollingly connected via a plurality of balls 36 which are spaced apart and arranged along the circumference.
[0019] A throttle valve is provided on the lower cylinder joint 27 .
[0020] How to use or working principle:
[0021] 1. Pressurize the upper cylinder joint 1 (the lower cylinder joint 27 is blocked at this time), and the high-pressure liquid enters the upper cylinder, which drives the bidirectional screw shaft 15 to move right and rotate counterclockwise (the fixed screw sleeve 5 constrains the bidirectional screw shaft 15), and the bidirectional screw shaft 15 drives the rotating screw sleeve 12 to rotate counterclockwise, and the rotating screw sleeve 12 drives the guide ratchet 13 to rotate counterclockwise, and the guide ratchet 13 drives the rotating outer sleeve 8 and the lower cylinder joint 27 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the valve channel is closed.
[0022] 2. When the bidirectional screw shaft 15 reaches the dead point (the lower piston 17 is at the rightmost position), the bidirectional screw shaft 15 pushes the steel ball 35 to the left (this is achieved by the reversing push rod 25 being pushed back), and the liquid enters the lower chamber (the cross-sectional area of the lower chamber is larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper chamber). The high-pressure liquid pushes the lower piston 17 to drive the bidirectional screw shaft 15 to return (leftward) and rotate rightward, and the rotating spiral sleeve 12 is separated from the guide ratchet 13. At this time, the bidirectional screw shaft 15 rotates while the lower cylinder joint 27 does not rotate (because the guide ratchet 13 does not rotate). When the bidirectional screw shaft 15 reaches the dead point, the limit nut 34 at the end of the reversing control rod 16 presses against the buffer spring seat 18 and the reversing control sleeve 19 to force the steel ball 35 to seal the valve seat 26, and the lower chamber stops entering the liquid. At this time, the valve channel is opened.
[0023] 3. Continue to pressurize and repeat the first step. The bidirectional spiral shaft 15 moves right and rotates left. The lower chamber is compressed and pressurized. The throttle screw 29, the throttle screw rod 30, and the throttle spring 31 begin to overflow until the reversing push rod 25 reaches the bottom dead center, thus forming a reciprocating rotation motion, driving the lower cylinder joint 27 to rotate continuously to achieve reverse buckling. When the ground pressure drops suddenly, it proves that the reverse buckling is successful. The fish is driven out of the well by the salvage spear while drilling. Due to the setting of the throttle assembly (throttle screw 29, throttle screw rod 30, throttle spring 31), there will be no excessive torque causing the tubing to stick and cause downhole accidents.
[0024] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, and various examples do not constitute a limitation on the essential content of the present invention.
Claims
1. Hydraulic undercut, characterized by The invention comprises an upper cylinder joint (1), a rotating outer sleeve (8), and a lower cylinder joint (27) which are connected in sequence; the rotating outer sleeve (8) is lined with a rotating inner sleeve (7), and the rotating inner sleeve (7) is provided with a fixed spiral sleeve (5) and a rotating spiral sleeve (12) on the upper and lower parts respectively; a bidirectional spiral shaft (15) is connected inside the fixed spiral sleeve (5) and the rotating spiral sleeve (12); the upper end of the bidirectional spiral shaft (15) is connected to an upper piston (3) which is slidably and sealably connected to the upper cylinder joint (1), and the lower end of the bidirectional spiral shaft (15) is connected to a lower piston (17) which is slidably and sealably connected to the lower cylinder joint (27); the lower piston (17) A drain valve is provided inside; a pull rod sealing sleeve (28) is provided inside the outlet of the lower cylinder joint (27); a hollow reversing control rod (16) is provided inside the pull rod sealing sleeve (28) and extends into the cavity of the lower cylinder joint (27) for a certain length; both ends of the reversing control rod (16) have limit nuts (34); the lower end of the rotating outer sleeve (8) is lined with a guide ratchet back cap (14), a guide ratchet (13), and a rotating spiral sleeve (12) in sequence; the guide ratchet (13) and the rotating spiral sleeve (12) are movably connected at the end surface through ratchet teeth (37); and the rotating spiral sleeve (12) and the rotating inner sleeve (7) are elastically connected.
2. The hydraulic undercut according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid discharge valve comprises a steel ball (35) in a valve seat (26), and a reversing push rod (25) extending from the bottom end of the valve seat (26) in the center of the valve seat (26) when in a sealed state.
3. The hydraulic undercut according to claim 2, characterized in that The lower piston (17) at the front end of the discharge valve is lined with a reversing control sleeve (19), and a buffer spring seat (18) is arranged in the reversing control sleeve (19).
4. The hydraulic undercut according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The rotating outer sleeve (8) and the rotating inner sleeve (7) are rollingly connected via a plurality of balls (36) that are spaced apart and arranged along the circumference.
5. The hydraulic undercut according to claim 4, characterized in that A throttle valve is provided on the lower cylinder body joint (27).