Formula fertilization quick abacus and its application method

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick abacus for formula fertilizer application and its application method, which is a soil fertilizer measurement and formula technology. It overcomes the shortcomings of large manual calculation labor and much repetitive labor, and simplifies the profound theory, cumbersome calculation and complex data search into a simple operation of "one turn and one pair". The purpose of the invention is achieved in this way. It comprises three parts: a pointer, a compound inlaid combination turntable and a scale. There is a disk in the middle of the compound inlaid combination turntable, a fixed shaft is installed at the center of the disk, and a pointer is installed on the fixed shaft; scales are engraved on both sides of the compound inlaid combination turntable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to soil fertilization measurement and formula technology, in particular to a quick abacus for formula fertilization and an application method. Background Art

[0002] In the past, when people applied fertilizers to farmland, farmers generally applied fertilizers based on experience. This method of fertilization was very inaccurate. If too little fertilizer was applied, it would not promote production, and if too much fertilizer was applied, it would be a bit wasteful, and even burn the seedlings. Based on the practice of past dynasties, experts and scholars proposed the following fertilization principles: 1. Nutrient return compensation theory. Some experts believe that "human beings plant plants on the land and take away these products, which will inevitably cause the soil fertility to gradually decline, and the nutrients in the soil will become less and less. To restore the soil fertility, it is necessary to return everything taken from the soil, otherwise it will be difficult to obtain a higher total yield. In order to increase the yield, nutrients should be added to the soil." 2. Minimum nutrient rate, also known as the minimum factor rate. Plants need to absorb various nutrients for growth and development, but the total crop yield is determined by the effective plant growth factor with the smallest relative content in the soil. The yield also changes relatively with the increase or decrease of this factor within a certain range. Therefore, if the existence of this limiting factor is ignored, even if other nutrients continue to be increased, it will be difficult to increase the plant yield; 3. The law of diminishing returns. When the plant yield level is low, with the increase in fertilizer application, when the yield reaches a certain level, under the premise that other technical conditions are relatively stable, although the yield still increases with the increase in fertilizer application, the increase in plant yield gradually decreases with the increase in fertilizer application; 4. The comprehensive effect rate of factors. Crop yield is the result of the combined effect of various factors that affect crop growth and development. Among them, one factor plays a dominant role, and the yield is also limited to a certain extent by it. In order to give full play to the yield-increasing effect of fertilizers and improve the efficiency of fertilization, on the one hand, fertilization must be closely coordinated with other agricultural measures, and on the other hand, various fertilizer nutrients must be comprehensively used according to local conditions; 5. Nutrient balance method, the planned yield fertilizer amount is determined based on the difference between the crop yield fertilizer requirement and the soil fertilizer supply; 6. Soil fertility difference subtraction method, subtracting the blank field yield from the target yield is the yield obtained by the fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to determine the amount of fertilizer to be applied according to the planned output and to formulate a variety of fertilizers. The formula fertilization abacus and its application method overcome the shortcomings of large manual calculation labor and much repetitive labor, and simplify the profound theory, cumbersome calculation, and complex data search into a simple operation of "one turn and one pair". The purpose of the present invention is achieved in that it comprises three parts: a pointer, a compound inlaid combination turntable and a scale. There is a disk in the middle of the compound inlaid combination turntable, a fixed shaft is installed at the center of the disk, and a pointer is installed on the fixed shaft; scales are engraved on both sides of the compound inlaid combination turntable.

[0004] The compound inlaid combination turntable comprises a plurality of rotating rings of different sizes, and the number of the rotating rings can be more or less; the outer periphery of each rotating ring is provided with an annular convex buckle, except for the outermost ring, the inner periphery of which is provided with an annular groove, and the width and thickness of the annular convex buckle are consistent with those of the annular groove; the rings are inlaid together from the inside to the outside by the annular convex buckle and the annular groove.

[0005] The plurality of rotating rings gradually decrease in size from outside to inside and are distributed in an iso-gradient manner.

[0006] The scales on the compound inlaid combination turntable are nitrogen scales on one side and phosphorus scales on the other side; or one side may include two or more elements, but they must be arranged in zones.

[0007] The application method of the present invention: The basic design principle of formula fertilization calculation is to convert the nutrient requirement of the crop target yield, the effective nutrient supply of the soil at a certain nutrient concentration, and the effective nutrient supply of the fertilizer, and express them in terms of angle as a parameter:

[0008] Y n =A n X n

[0009] Among them, Y n Indicates the fertilizer requirement of crops, the fertilizer supply of soil, and the fertilizer supply; X n Indicates angle; A n Indicates the conversion factor.

[0010] Then, the addition of angles is used to replace the calculation of fertilizers to achieve the purpose of direct reading of the results, that is, X1+X2+…+X n Instead of Y1+Y2+…+Y n Perform addition operation, which can be expressed as X1+X2+…+X n =Y1 / A1+Y2 / A2+……+Y n / A n .

[0011] The specific calculation process is as follows

[0012] 1. Yield ring scale

[0013] (1) Determination of the yield range: Based on the yield of various plants in actual production and the margin for appropriate development. This range can be adjusted accordingly with the type and variety of cultivated crops and the development of production, and can be expressed as follows:

[0014] A0=B+C

[0015] Among them, A0 is the measurement range, which means 0-A0, unit: kg / mu; B is the maximum output in actual production, unit: kg / mu; C is the design development margin, unit: kg / mu.

[0016] (2) Calculation of unit production angle: The unit production angle is calculated by 360 degrees. ○ Divide by the range of the production ring, that is:

[0017] D0=360 ○ / A0

[0018] Where D0 represents the unit yield angle, unit: degree / kg / mu.

[0019] (3) Determine the corresponding production scale. The corresponding production scale is obtained by multiplying the unit production angle by the production, that is:

[0020] E0= D0F0

[0021] Among them, E0 represents the yield scale, unit: degree; F0 represents the yield, unit: kg / mu.

[0022] 2. General scale ratio calculation

[0023] The universal scale ratio refers to the angle corresponding to a unit mass of a nutrient on the abacus, which is obtained by the ratio of the unit angle to the corresponding nutrient content of the economic part of the crop:

[0024] G ｍ =D0 / H ｍ

[0025] Where: G ｍ General scale ratio for nutrients: Unit: degree / kg; m represents nutrient type such as: N, P2O5, K2O; H ｍ Indicates the corresponding nutrient content of the economic part in %.

[0026] 3. Scale of soil available nutrient content

[0027] (1) Calculation of soil fertilizer supply per unit content: The soil fertilizer supply per unit content is obtained by multiplying the soil weight of 150,000 kg per mu, the nutrient content, and the utilization rate of the soil available nutrients by 50%, that is:

[0028] J m =1.5×10 5 ×10 -6 ×50%=0.075

[0029] Among them: J m Indicates the amount of fertilizer supplied to the soil per unit content, unit: kg / ppm.

[0030] (2) Unit content angle. The unit content angle is the angle corresponding to the unit nutrient content. It is obtained by multiplying the universal scale ratio by the unit nutrient content fertilizer supply, that is:

[0031] L m =G mJ m

[0032] Among them, L m Indicates the unit content angle of the corresponding nutrient, unit: degree / ppm.

[0033] (3) The scale of the corresponding content is obtained by multiplying the unit content angle by the content, that is:

[0034] M m =L m N m

[0035] Among them, M m Indicates the corresponding nutrient content scale, unit: degree; N m Indicates the corresponding nutrient content, unit: ppm.

[0036] 4. Fertilizer ring scale calculation

[0037] (1) Calculation of effective nutrient content of fertilizer: The effective nutrient content of fertilizer refers to the ratio of the part of fertilizer that can be absorbed and utilized by plants after being applied to the soil to the total amount applied. The calculation formula is:

[0038] P m =Q m R m

[0039] Among them, P m Indicates the effective content of fertilizer nutrients: Q m Indicates fertilizer nutrient content; R m Indicates fertilizer utilization rate in that season.

[0040] (2) Fertilizer unit mass angle: The fertilizer unit mass angle refers to the angle corresponding to a unit of fertilizer, which is obtained by multiplying the universal scale ratio by the effective content of fertilizer nutrients, that is:

[0041] S m =G m P m

[0042] Among them, S m Indicates the unit mass angle of fertilizer, unit: degree / kg.

[0043] (3) Calculation of the corresponding fertilizer mass scale: The corresponding fertilizer mass scale is obtained by multiplying the fertilizer unit mass angle by the mass, that is:

[0044] T m =S m U m

[0045] Among them, T m To indicate the corresponding fertilizer mass scale, unit: degree; U mTo express the mass of fertilizer, unit: kilogram.

[0046] The specific calculation takes the calculation of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer for wheat as an example.

[0047] The significance of the present invention is that the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of large manual calculation labor and much repetitive labor; simplifies the profound theory, tedious calculation and complicated data search into a simple operation of "one turn to one pair"; it has the advantages of wonderful conception, scientific design, simple structure, easy operation, easy promotion, strong applicability, low cost and easy to carry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the formula fertilization abacus, in which 1, a compound inlaid combination turntable 2, a pointer 3, a scale 4, a disc 5, and a fixed axis;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a quick abacus for formula fertilization, including 2, a pointer 5, a fixed shaft 6, a rotating ring 7, an annular convex buckle 8, and an annular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Embodiment 1. The present invention comprises a compound inlaid combination turntable 1, a pointer 2, a scale 3, a disc 4, and a fixed shaft 5. The compound inlaid combination turntable 1 has a disc 4 in the middle, a fixed shaft 5 is installed at the center of the disc 4, and the pointer 2 is installed on the fixed shaft 5; scales 3 are engraved on both sides of the compound inlaid combination turntable 1.

[0051] Embodiment 2: The compound inlaid combination turntable 1 comprises a plurality of rotating rings 6 of different sizes, and the number of the rotating rings can be more or less; the outer periphery of each rotating ring 6 is provided with an annular convex buckle 7, the outer peripheral surface of the outermost rotating ring is a plane, and the inner periphery is provided with an annular groove 8, and the width and thickness of the annular convex buckle 7 are consistent with those of the annular groove 8; the rings are inlaid together from the inside to the outside by the annular convex buckle 7 and the annular groove 8.

[0052] Embodiment 3: The diameter of the rotating ring 6 gradually decreases from the outside to the inside and is distributed in an isogradient manner.

[0053] Embodiment 4: The scale 3 on the compound inlaid combination turntable 1 has a nitrogen scale on one side and a phosphorus scale on the other side; or one side may also include two or more elements, but they must be arranged in zones.

[0054] Example 5, application method of the present invention: The basic design principle of formula fertilization quick calculation is to convert the nutrient requirement of crop target yield, the effective nutrient supply of soil at a certain nutrient concentration, and the effective nutrient supply of fertilizer, and express them in angle as parameters:

[0055] Y n =A n Xn

[0056] Among them, Y n Indicates the fertilizer requirement of crops, the fertilizer supply of soil, and the fertilizer supply; X n Indicates angle; A n Indicates the conversion factor.

[0057] Then, the addition of angles is used to replace the calculation of fertilizers to achieve the purpose of direct reading of the results, that is, X1+X2+…+X n Instead of Y1+Y2+…+Y n Perform addition operation, which can be expressed as X1+X2+…+X n =Y1 / A1+Y2 / A2+……+Y n / A n .

[0058] The specific calculation process is as follows

[0059] 1. Yield ring scale

[0060] (1) Determination of the yield range: Based on the yield of various plants in actual production and the margin for appropriate development. This range can be adjusted accordingly with the type and variety of cultivated crops and the development of production, and can be expressed as follows:

[0061] A0=B+C

[0062] Among them, A0 is the measurement range, which means 0-A0, unit: kg / mu; B is the maximum output in actual production, unit: kg / mu; C is the design development margin, unit: kg / mu.

[0063] (2) Calculation of unit production angle: The unit production angle is calculated by 360 degrees. ○ Divide by the range of the production ring, that is:

[0064] D0=360 ○ / A0

[0065] Where D0 represents the unit yield angle, unit: degree / kg / mu.

[0066] (3) Determine the corresponding production scale: The corresponding production scale is obtained by multiplying the unit production angle by the production, that is:

[0067] E0= D0F0

[0068] Among them, E0 represents the yield scale, unit: degree; F0 represents the yield, unit: kg / mu.

[0069] 2. General scale ratio calculation

[0070] The universal scale ratio refers to the angle corresponding to a unit mass of a nutrient on the abacus, which is obtained by the ratio of the unit angle to the corresponding nutrient content of the economic part of the crop:

[0071] G ｍ =D0 / H ｍ

[0072] Where: G ｍ General scale ratio for nutrients: Unit: degree / kg; m represents nutrient type such as: N, P2O5, K2O; H ｍ Indicates the corresponding nutrient content of the economic part in %.

[0073] 3. Scale of soil available nutrient content

[0074] (1) Calculation of soil fertilizer supply per unit content: The soil fertilizer supply per unit content is obtained by multiplying the soil weight of 150,000 kg per mu, the nutrient content, and the utilization rate of the soil available nutrients by 50%, that is:

[0075] J m =1.5×10 5 ×10 -6 ×50%=0.075

[0076] Among them: J m Indicates the amount of fertilizer supplied to the soil per unit content, unit: kg / ppm.

[0077] (2) Unit content angle: The unit content angle is the angle corresponding to the unit nutrient content. It is obtained by multiplying the universal scale ratio by the unit nutrient content fertilizer supply, that is:

[0078] L m =G m J m

[0079] Among them, L m Indicates the unit content angle of the corresponding nutrient, unit: degree / ppm.

[0080] (3) The scale of the corresponding content is obtained by multiplying the unit content angle by the content, that is:

[0081] M m =L m N m

[0082] Among them, M m Indicates the corresponding nutrient content scale, unit: degree; N m Indicates the corresponding nutrient content, unit: ppm.

[0083] 4. Fertilizer ring scale calculation

[0084] (1) Calculation of effective nutrient content of fertilizer: The effective nutrient content of fertilizer refers to the ratio of the part of fertilizer that can be absorbed and utilized by plants after being applied to the soil to the total amount applied. The calculation formula is:

[0085] P m =Q m R m

[0086] Among them, P m Indicates the effective content of fertilizer nutrients: Q m Indicates fertilizer nutrient content; R m Indicates fertilizer utilization rate in that season.

[0087] (2) Fertilizer unit mass angle: The fertilizer unit mass angle refers to the angle corresponding to a unit of fertilizer, which is obtained by multiplying the universal scale ratio by the effective content of fertilizer nutrients, that is:

[0088] S m =G m P m

[0089] Among them, S m Indicates the unit mass angle of fertilizer, unit: degree / kg.

[0090] (3) Calculation of the corresponding fertilizer mass scale: The corresponding fertilizer mass scale is obtained by multiplying the fertilizer unit mass angle by the mass, that is:

[0091] T m =S m U m

[0092] Among them, T m To indicate the corresponding fertilizer mass scale, unit: degree; U m To express the mass of fertilizer, unit: kilogram.

[0093] The specific calculation takes the calculation of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer for wheat as an example.

Claims

1. A quick abacus for formula fertilization, comprising a composite inlaid combination turntable (1), a pointer (2), a scale (3), a disc (4), and a fixed shaft (5), wherein the characteristics are: The compound inlaid composite turntable (1) has a disk (4) in the middle, a fixed shaft (5) is installed at the center of the disk (4), and a pointer (2) is installed on the fixed shaft (5); scales (3) are engraved on both sides of the compound inlaid composite turntable (1); the compound inlaid composite turntable (1) includes a plurality of rotating rings (6) of different sizes, and the number of rotating rings can be more or less; the outer periphery of each rotating ring (6) is provided with an annular convex buckle (7), the outer peripheral surface of the outermost rotating ring is a plane, and the inner periphery thereof is provided with an annular groove (8), and the width of the annular convex buckle (7) and the annular groove (8) are 1 / 4, 2 / 4, 1 / 2 ... The thickness is consistent; the rings are inlaid from the inside to the outside by an annular convex buckle (7) and an annular groove (8); the diameter of the rotating ring (6) gradually decreases from the outside to the inside and is distributed in an equal gradient; the scale (3) on the compound inlaid combination rotating disk (1) is a nitrogen scale on one side and a phosphorus scale on the other side; or one side may include more than two elements, but they must be arranged in different areas; the basic design principle of formula fertilization quick calculation is to convert the nutrient requirement of the crop target yield, the effective nutrient supply of the soil at a certain nutrient concentration, and the effective nutrient supply of the fertilizer, and express them in terms of angle as a parameter: AND n =A n X n； Among them, Y n Indicates the fertilizer requirement of crops, the fertilizer supply of soil, and the fertilizer supply; X n Indicates angle; A n Indicates the conversion factor; Then, the addition of angles is used to replace the calculation of fertilizers to achieve the purpose of direct reading of the results, that is, X1+X2+…+X n Instead of Y1+Y2+…+Y n Perform addition operation, which can be expressed as X1+X2+…+X n =Y1 / A1+Y2 / A2+……+Y n / A n .

2. The application method of the quick fertilization abacus according to claim 1, characterized in that: (1) The determination of the yield ring scale is based on the yield of various plants in actual production and the margin for appropriate development; this scale can be adjusted accordingly with the type and variety of cultivated crops and the development of production, and can be expressed by the following formula: A0=B+C; A0 is the range, which means 0-A0, unit: kg / mu; B is the highest output in actual production, unit: kg / mu; C is the design development margin, unit: kg / mu; (2) Calculation of unit production angle: The unit production angle is obtained by dividing the circumference of 360° by the range of the production ring, that is: D0=360° / A 0； Where D0 represents the unit yield angle, unit: degree / kg / mu; (3) Determine the corresponding production scale: The corresponding production scale is obtained by multiplying the unit production angle by the production, that is: E0= D0F 0； Among them, E0 represents the yield scale, unit: degree; F0 represents the yield, unit: kg / mu.

3. The application method of the quick fertilization abacus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal scale ratio calculation refers to the angle corresponding to the unit mass of nutrients on the abacus for a certain nutrient, which is obtained by the ratio of the unit angle to the corresponding nutrient content of the economic part of the crop: G ｍ =D0 / H ｍ； Where: G ｍ General scale ratio for nutrients: Unit: degree / kg; m represents nutrient type such as: N, P2O5, K2O; H ｍ Indicates the corresponding nutrient content of the economic part.

4. The application method of the quick fertilization abacus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Scale of soil available nutrient content, (1) Calculation of soil fertilizer supply per unit content: The soil fertilizer supply per unit content is obtained by multiplying the soil weight of 150,000 kg per mu, the nutrient content, and the utilization rate of soil available nutrients by 50%, that is: J m =1.5×10 5 ×10 -6 ×50%=0.075； Among them: J m Indicates the amount of soil fertilizer per unit content, unit: kg / ppm; (2) Unit content angle: The unit content angle is the angle corresponding to the unit nutrient content, which is obtained by multiplying the universal scale ratio by the unit nutrient content fertilizer supply, that is: L m =G m J m； Among them, L m Indicates the content angle of the corresponding nutrient unit, unit: degree / ppm; (3) The scale of the corresponding content is obtained by multiplying the unit content angle by the content, that is: M m =L m N m； Among them, M m Indicates the corresponding nutrient content scale, unit: degree; N m Indicates the corresponding nutrient content, unit: ppm.

5. The application method of the quick fertilization abacus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fertilizer ring scale calculation, (1) Calculation of effective fertilizer nutrient content: The effective fertilizer nutrient content refers to the ratio of the part of the fertilizer that can be absorbed and utilized by plants after it is applied to the soil to the total amount applied. The calculation formula is: P m =Q m R m； Among them, P m Indicates the effective content of fertilizer nutrients: Q m Indicates fertilizer nutrient content; R m Indicates fertilizer utilization rate in the current season; (2) Fertilizer unit mass angle: The fertilizer unit mass angle refers to the angle corresponding to a unit of fertilizer, which is obtained by multiplying the universal scale ratio by the effective content of fertilizer nutrients, that is: S m =G m P m； Among them, S m Indicates the unit mass angle of fertilizer, unit: degree / kg; (3) Calculation of the corresponding fertilizer mass scale: The corresponding fertilizer mass scale is obtained by multiplying the fertilizer unit mass angle by the mass, that is: T m =S m U m； Among them, T m To indicate the corresponding fertilizer mass scale, unit: degree; U m To express the fertilizer mass, unit: kilogram; The specific calculation takes the calculation of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer for wheat as an example.

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