A passive low-energy technology to transform buildings

Abstract

The present invention provides a passive low-energy technology transformation building, which relates to the field of building energy conservation, including exterior walls, roofs, ground, floor slabs, indoor partition walls, pipes, door and window openings and passive exterior windows, characterized in that: the exterior walls are provided with an exterior wall internal insulation system, and the exterior wall internal insulation system includes exterior wall internal insulation nodes, exterior wall internal insulation system internal corner nodes, exterior wall internal insulation system external corner nodes, exterior wall and roof junction internal insulation system nodes, exterior wall and ground junction internal insulation system nodes, exterior wall and floor slab junction internal insulation system nodes, exterior wall and indoor partition wall junction internal insulation system nodes, pipelines passing through exterior wall openings, and door and window openings. Newly built houses and existing buildings can be transformed to meet the indoor environment requirements and building air tightness requirements of passive low-energy buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building energy conservation, and its international IPC classification number is E04H14 / 00 or E04B5 / 16, and in particular to a building that undergoes systematic transformation. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, such as the CN212866308U patent, there is a passive ultra-low energy consumption green building, including a main body of a house, a pressure-resistant top plate is installed on the top of the main body of the house, a top cover is installed on the top of the pressure-resistant top plate through a support rod, a photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the top cover, a fresh air blower is installed in the middle of the top of the pressure-resistant top plate, a mounting groove is provided below one side of the main body of the house, a heat pump unit is installed inside the mounting groove, a stable base is installed at the bottom of the main body of the house, water distribution pipes are installed at both ends of the heat pump unit, and one end of the water distribution pipe is fixedly connected to the mounting groove. The structural design is simple, and a pressure-resistant top plate is installed on the top of the main body of the house, a top cover is installed on the top of the pressure-resistant top plate, and a photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the top cover by a hinged manner.

[0003] However, the means to solve the energy consumption of buildings are usually relatively simple, and most of them adopt the method of adding energy-saving equipment to absorb or reuse energy, while there is little treatment of the structural components of the building itself. Summary of the invention

[0004] This patent relates to a renovated building that adopts passive low-energy technology. By processing the structural components, thermal insulation and airtight components and detailed structures of the building itself, the overall energy consumption of the building is reduced. It is suitable for the renovation of existing buildings as well as new buildings, so that they meet the indoor environment requirements and building airtightness requirements of passive low-energy buildings.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A passive low-energy technology renovation building, comprising an exterior wall, a roof, a ground, a floor, an interior partition wall, a pipe, a door and window opening and a passive exterior window, characterized in that: the exterior wall is provided with an exterior wall internal insulation system, the exterior wall internal insulation system comprises an exterior wall internal insulation node, an exterior wall internal insulation system internal corner node, an exterior wall internal insulation system external corner node, an exterior wall and roof junction internal insulation system node, an exterior wall and ground junction internal insulation system node, an exterior wall and floor junction internal insulation system node, an exterior wall and interior partition wall junction internal insulation system node, an exterior wall opening internal insulation system node, a door and window opening internal insulation system node;

[0007] A leveling layer, an adhesive layer, an insulation layer, a waterproof vapor barrier film, an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth, a plaster layer, and a finishing layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the exterior wall; the insulation layer comprises an insulation board, which is laid in two layers, each layer of insulation board has a thickness of 50-200 mm, the first layer of insulation board is pasted on the inner side of the exterior wall by point-frame bonding, and the adhesive bonding area is not less than 40% of the insulation board area, the second layer of insulation board is pasted on the inner side of the first layer of insulation board by full bonding, and the two layers of insulation boards are laid with staggered seams;

[0008] The insulation layer is also fixed to the exterior wall by thermal break anchor bolts;

[0009] The inner side of the thermal insulation layer is fully covered with a waterproof vapor barrier film;

[0010] The inner corner node of the exterior wall internal insulation system includes two insulation layers, two waterproof vapor barrier films and two additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabrics.

[0011] The second insulation layer is overlapped in layers with staggered seams at the inner corner;

[0012] The two waterproof vapor barrier films are disconnected at the inner corner and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0013] The additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is pressed into the plaster layer to form a reinforcement structure at the inner corner and overlapped with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer;

[0014] The external wall internal insulation system positive corner node comprises a thermal insulation layer three, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane three, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth three and a corner guard,

[0015] The third insulation layer is overlapped in layers with staggered seams at the outer corners;

[0016] The three waterproof vapor barrier films are disconnected at the positive corners and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0017] The additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is triple-pressed in the plaster layer to form a reinforcement structure at the positive corner position, and is overlapped with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer;

[0018] The corner guard is arranged at the positive corner position, and is located on the inner side of the additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth;

[0019] The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the roof is provided with an internal insulation system 8;

[0020] The inner thermal insulation system 8 comprises a thermal insulation layer 8, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 8, and a plaster layer 8;

[0021] The insulation layer 8 comprises an insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall and an insulation layer on the lower side of the roof, and the two are overlapped with each other at staggered joints;

[0022] The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 includes a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 on the indoor side of the inner insulation layer of the exterior wall and a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 on the indoor side of the lower insulation layer of the roof, the two are disconnected at the inner corner position and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0023] An additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 8 is arranged inside the plaster layer 8 to form a reinforcement structure at the inner corner position and overlap with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer 8;

[0024] The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the ground is provided with an internal insulation system nine;

[0025] The inner thermal insulation system 9 comprises a thermal insulation layer 9, an additional thermal insulation layer, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 9, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 9;

[0026] The insulation layer nine comprises an insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall and an insulation layer on the upper side of the ground, and the two are overlapped with each other at staggered joints;

[0027] An additional insulation layer is provided at the inner corner position 9 of the insulation layer 9, and the cross-sectional shape of the additional insulation layer is triangular, and a slope angle is formed at the inner corner position 9, so that the waterproof vapor barrier film 9 is not easy to fall off;

[0028] The waterproof vapor barrier film 9 includes a waterproof vapor barrier film 9 on the indoor side of the insulation layer inside the exterior wall and a waterproof vapor barrier film 9 on the indoor side of the insulation layer above the ground, the two are disconnected at the inner corner position and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0029] At the inner corner position nine, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth nine is used to overlap the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread on the indoor side of the insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall;

[0030] The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the floor slab is provided with an internal insulation system 10;

[0031] The inner thermal insulation system 10 comprises a thermal insulation layer 10, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 10;

[0032] The insulation layer 10 extends toward the room along the upper and lower sides of the floor slab, respectively, with an extension length of 1-2 m;

[0033] The insulation layer 10 is overlapped at the inner corner where the outer wall and the floor meet;

[0034] A waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is provided on the indoor side of the thermal insulation layer 10;

[0035] The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is continuously laid along the inner surface of the thermal insulation layer 10, covers the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab, and is adhered to the floor slab;

[0036] The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the first inner corner where the outer wall and the floor slab meet, and overlaps each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0037] The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the first positive corner position of the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab, and is overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap; the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the second negative corner position where the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab intersects with the floor slab, and is overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0038] At the first inner corner position, the first outer corner position and the second inner corner position, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is used for reinforcement, and overlapped with the fully spread alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth;

[0039] At the first external corner position, a corner guard is arranged to protect the external corner;

[0040] The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the interior partition wall is provided with an internal insulation system eleven;

[0041] The inner thermal insulation system 11 comprises a thermal insulation layer 11, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 11, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 11;

[0042] The insulation layer 11 extends into the room along the left and right sides of the indoor partition wall, respectively, with an extension length of 1-2m;

[0043] The insulation layer 11 is overlapped at the inner corner where the outer wall and the indoor partition wall meet;

[0044] A waterproof vapor barrier membrane 11 is provided on the indoor side of the thermal insulation layer 11;

[0045] The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is continuously laid along the inner surface of the thermal insulation layer 11, covers the end of the thermal insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall, and is adhered to the indoor partition wall;

[0046] The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the third inner corner position where the outer wall and the indoor partition wall meet, and they are overlapped to form a reliable overlap; the waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the second outer corner position of the end of the insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall, and they are overlapped to form a reliable overlap;

[0047] The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the fourth inner corner where the end of the thermal insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall meets the indoor partition wall, and they are overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0048] At the third inner corner position, the second outer corner position and the fourth inner corner position, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 11 is used for reinforcement, and overlapped with the fully spread alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth;

[0049] At the second external corner position, a corner guard is provided to protect the external corner;

[0050] The nodes of the internal insulation system at the opening where the pipeline passes through the outer wall are:

[0051] The outer wall is provided with a hole, and the pipe passes through the hole;

[0052] The hole diameter is equal to the pipe diameter;

[0053] An airtight structure is provided between the hole and the pipeline;

[0054] The airtight structure comprises a waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 12, one end of which is pasted on the inner side of the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the pipe wall;

[0055] The width of the waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 12 pasted on the inner side of the exterior wall and pasted on the pipe wall shall not be less than 40mm;

[0056] The inner side of the outer wall is provided with a heat-insulating layer 12, and the heat-insulating layer 12 is provided with holes, and the size of the holes is adapted to the outer diameter of the pipeline;

[0057] The gap between the hole and the pipe is first filled with finely divided heat-insulating material and then filled with polyurethane foaming agent;

[0058] The airtight structure further comprises a waterproof vapor barrier film 12, the waterproof vapor barrier film 12 extends along the inner side of the thermal insulation layer 12 and is adhered to the outer wall of the pipeline, and the width of the waterproof vapor barrier film 12 adhered to the outer wall of the pipeline is not less than 40 mm;

[0059] The pipeline is coated with pipeline insulation, and the pipeline insulation is seamlessly connected to the insulation layer twelve;

[0060] At the inner corner where the insulation layer 12 intersects with the pipe insulation, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is used for reinforcement;

[0061] A pre-compression expansion sealing tape is filled in the gap between the outer side of the outer wall and the pipeline;

[0062] The pre-compression expansion sealing belt is filled along the entire circumference of the pipeline;

[0063] The nodes of the internal insulation system at the door and window openings are:

[0064] It comprises a passive exterior window, wherein the passive exterior window comprises a window frame, and the window frame comprises a profile;

[0065] The passive exterior window is installed in an internal hanging manner;

[0066] The outer surface of the passive exterior window and the inner surface of the exterior wall are in the same vertical plane;

[0067] The lower opening of the passive outer window is supported by a heat-insulating pad, and the heat-insulating pad is full-length and has the same width as the passive outer window;

[0068] The thermal insulation strip is fixed to the outer wall by bolts, the thermal insulation strip is provided with a groove, and the bolt head of the bolt does not protrude from the thermal insulation strip;

[0069] The outer wall is provided with a heat-insulating layer 14, and the heat-insulating layer 14 is laid upwards and close to the lower side of the window frame;

[0070] An airtight structure is provided at the joint between the window frame and the exterior wall;

[0071] The airtight structure 14 includes a first waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 14, which is arranged on the outdoor side; one end of the first waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 14 is pasted on the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the bottom surface of the profile, and the pasting width of the two ends is not less than 40 mm; the airtight structure 14 also includes a second waterproof vapor-isolating membrane 14, which extends along the inner side of the insulation layer 14 and is pasted on the profile;

[0072] The airtight structure 14 also includes an additional waterproof vapor barrier membrane 14, one end of which is adhered to the bottom surface of the profile, and the other end is overlapped with the second waterproof vapor barrier membrane 14 fully spread on the inner side of the insulation layer 14, and the adhesion width of the two ends is not less than 40mm;

[0073] The upper opening and the side opening of the passive exterior window are fixed to the exterior wall by angle steel, and a heat insulating gasket is arranged between the angle steel and the exterior wall;

[0074] The outer wall is provided with an insulation layer 15, the insulation layer 15 comprises an inner insulation layer and an outer insulation layer, the inner insulation layer is close to the window frame profile, the outer insulation layer covers the window frame, and the exposed width of the window frame is not greater than 15 mm;

[0075] An airtight structure is provided at the joint between the window frame and the exterior wall.

[0076] The airtight structure 16 comprises a waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 16, which is arranged on the outdoor side, one end of which is pasted on the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the window frame profile, and the pasting width of both ends is not less than 40 mm;

[0077] The indoor side of the inner thermal insulation layer is fully covered with a waterproof vapor barrier film 17, and the waterproof vapor barrier film 17 extends along the inner thermal insulation layer and is adhered to the window frame profile;

[0078] The airtight structure sixteen also includes an additional waterproof vapor barrier membrane sixteen, one end of which is adhered to the window frame profile, and the other end is overlapped with the waterproof vapor barrier membrane seventeen fully covered with the inner insulation layer, and the pasting width of the two ends is not less than 40mm.

[0079] Furthermore, the size of the insulation board is 1200 mm long × 600 mm wide;

[0080] The staggered paving is such that the transverse seams and the vertical seams of the first layer of insulation board are staggered with the transverse seams and the vertical seams of the second layer of insulation board, and the staggered distance is not less than 50 mm.

[0081] Furthermore, the external corner joints of the first layer of insulation board should be staggered with the external corner joints of the second layer of insulation board, and no through seams from the interior to the exterior wall should be formed.

[0082] Furthermore, the insulation boards around the door and window openings are cut as a whole according to the shapes of the door and window openings to fit the shapes of the door and window openings.

[0083] Furthermore, the roof is provided with an internal roof insulation system.

[0084] The roof internal insulation system comprises an insulation layer 7, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 7, an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 7, a plaster layer 7 and a finishing layer 7;

[0085] The insulation layer 7 is laid on the lower side of the roof structure board, the insulation layer 7 and the roof structure board are adhered by adhesive, and the insulation layer 7 and the roof structure board are anchored by thermal break anchor bolts;

[0086] The insulation layer 7 includes insulation boards 7, which are laid in two layers with staggered seams to avoid thermal bridges caused by the seams between the insulation boards 7. The thickness of each layer of insulation boards 7 is 50-200 mm.

[0087] A layer of waterproof vapor barrier film 7 is fully spread on the indoor side surface of the thermal insulation layer 7 to prevent indoor water vapor from entering the interior of the thermal insulation layer 7;

[0088] A plastering layer 7 and a finishing layer 7 are arranged on the indoor side of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 7;

[0089] A layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 7 is pressed into the middle of the plaster layer 7.

[0090] Furthermore, a hole 13 is opened on the roof, the pipe passes through the hole 13, and the diameter of the hole 13 is equal to the diameter of the pipe;

[0091] The roof comprises a structural roof panel;

[0092] An airtight structure 13 is provided between the hole 13 and the pipeline.

[0093] The airtight structure 13 comprises a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 131, one end of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 131 is attached to the lower side of the structural roof panel, and the other end is attached to the pipe wall;

[0094] The width of the waterproof vapor barrier film pasted on the underside of the structural roof panel and on the pipe wall shall not be less than 40mm;

[0095] A heat-insulating layer 13 is provided on the lower side of the structural roof panel, and a hole 13 is opened on the heat-insulating layer 13, and the size of the hole 13 is adapted to the outer diameter of the pipeline;

[0096] The gap between the hole 13 and the pipe is first filled with finely divided heat-insulating material and then filled with polyurethane foaming agent;

[0097] The airtight structure 13 also includes a waterproof vapor barrier film 13, the waterproof vapor barrier film 13 extends along the insulation layer 13 and is pasted to the outer wall of the pipeline, and the width of the waterproof vapor barrier film 13 pasted to the outer wall of the pipeline is not less than 40mm;

[0098] The pipeline is coated with pipeline thermal insulation 13, and the pipeline thermal insulation 13 should be seamlessly connected with the thermal insulation layer 13;

[0099] The inner corner where the insulation layer 13 intersects with the pipe insulation 13 is reinforced with additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth.

[0100] Furthermore, the exterior wall is a reinforced concrete wall or a block wall;

[0101] The bonding layer is made of adhesive;

[0102] The SD value of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane is greater than or equal to the SD value of the exterior wall;

[0103] Before laying the waterproof vapor barrier membrane, the leveling layer, the bonding layer and the bonding mortar between the two insulation layers are completely dry.

[0104] The beneficial effects of this patent are: newly built houses and the renovation of existing buildings are made to meet the indoor environment requirements and building airtightness requirements of passive low-energy buildings, so that the annual heating + cooling demand of the building does not exceed 30kWh / (m2·a), and the annual total primary energy demand (including heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water, lighting and household appliances primary energy demand) does not exceed 120kWh / (m2·a), which is more than 90% lower than the energy consumption of the building before the renovation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0105] Figure 1 Wall section node of exterior wall internal insulation system

[0106] Figure 2 Internal corner node of exterior wall insulation system

[0107] Figure 3 External wall insulation system positive corner node

[0108] Figure 4 External wall insulation system insulation board facade panel

[0109] Figure 5 External wall insulation system insulation board corner panel

[0110] Figure 6 External wall insulation system insulation board door and window opening panel

[0111] Figure 7 Roof insulation system node

[0112] Figure 8 Node of internal insulation system at the junction of roof and exterior wall

[0113] Fig. 9 Internal insulation system node at the junction of the ground and the exterior wall

[0114] Fig.10 Internal insulation system node at the junction of exterior wall and floor slab

[0115] Fig.11 Internal insulation system node at the junction of exterior wall and interior partition wall

[0116] Fig.12 Node of internal insulation system where the pipeline passes through the exterior wall

[0117] Fig.13 Node of internal insulation system where pipeline passes through roof

[0118] Fig.14 External window bottom installation node

[0119] Fig.15 External window top installation node

[0120] Fig.16 External window side opening installation node

[0121] Description of reference numerals:

[0122] 1——exterior wall; 2——leveling layer; 3——adhesive layer; 4——insulation layer; 402——insulation layer 2; 403——insulation layer 3; 407——insulation layer 7; 408——insulation layer 8; 409——insulation layer 9; 410——insulation layer 10; 411——insulation layer 11; 412——insulation layer 12; 413——insulation layer 13; 414——insulation layer 14; 415——insulation layer 15; 5——thermal bridge anchor bolt; 6——waterproof vapor barrier membrane; 602——waterproof vapor barrier membrane 2; 603——waterproof vapor barrier membrane 3; 607——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane seven; 608——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane eight; 609——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane nine; 610——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane ten; 611——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane eleven; 612——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane twelve; 613——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane thirteen; 6131——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane one hundred and thirty-one; 614——Second waterproof vapor barrier membrane fourteen; 617——Waterproof vapor barrier membrane seventeen; 7——Alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth; 707——Alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth seven; 8——Plaster layer; 807——Plaster layer seven; 808——Plaster layer eight; 9——Finishing layer; 907——Finishing layer seven; 10——Additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth; 1002——Additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth two; 1003——Additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth three; 1008——Additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth eight; 1009——Additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth nine; 1010——Additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth ten; 1011——Additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth eleven; 11——Corner protection; 12——Door and window openings; 13——Roof; 14——Ground; 15——Fine stone concrete protective layer; 16——Additional protective temperature layer; 17——floor slab; 18——indoor partition wall; 19——pipeline; 20——pipeline insulation; 2013——pipeline insulation 13; 2112——waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 12; 2114——first waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 14; 2116——waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 16; 22——pre-compression expansion sealing tape; 2314——additional waterproof vapor-barrier membrane 14; 2316——additional waterproof vapor-barrier membrane 16; 24——passive exterior window; 25——insulation pad; 26——bolt; 27——groove; 28——insulation gasket; 29——angle steel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0123] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0124] A passive low-energy technology renovation building, comprising an exterior wall, a roof, a ground, a floor, an interior partition wall, a pipe, a door and window opening and a passive exterior window, characterized in that: the exterior wall is provided with an exterior wall internal insulation system, the exterior wall internal insulation system comprises an exterior wall internal insulation node, an exterior wall internal insulation system internal corner node, an exterior wall internal insulation system external corner node, an exterior wall and roof junction internal insulation system node, an exterior wall and ground junction internal insulation system node, an exterior wall and floor junction internal insulation system node, an exterior wall and interior partition wall junction internal insulation system node, an exterior wall opening internal insulation system node, a door and window opening internal insulation system node;

[0125] A leveling layer, an adhesive layer, an insulation layer, a waterproof vapor barrier film, an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth, a plaster layer, and a finishing layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the exterior wall; the insulation layer comprises an insulation board, which is laid in two layers, each layer of insulation board has a thickness of 50-200 mm, the first layer of insulation board is pasted on the inner side of the exterior wall by point-frame bonding, and the adhesive bonding area is not less than 40% of the insulation board area, the second layer of insulation board is pasted on the inner side of the first layer of insulation board by full bonding, and the two layers of insulation boards are laid with staggered seams;

[0126] The insulation layer is also fixed to the exterior wall by thermal break anchor bolts;

[0127] The inner side of the thermal insulation layer is fully covered with a waterproof vapor barrier film;

[0128] The inner corner node of the exterior wall internal insulation system includes two insulation layers, two waterproof vapor barrier films and two additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabrics.

[0129] The second insulation layer is overlapped in layers with staggered seams at the inner corner;

[0130] The two waterproof vapor barrier films are disconnected at the inner corner and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0131] The additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is pressed into the plaster layer to form a reinforcement structure at the inner corner and overlapped with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer;

[0132] The external wall internal insulation system positive corner node comprises a thermal insulation layer three, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane three, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth three and a corner guard,

[0133] The third insulation layer is overlapped in layers with staggered seams at the outer corners;

[0134] The three waterproof vapor barrier films are disconnected at the positive corners and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0135] The additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is triple-pressed in the plaster layer to form a reinforcement structure at the positive corner position, and is overlapped with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer;

[0136] The corner guard is arranged at the positive corner position, and is located on the inner side of the additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth;

[0137] The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the roof is provided with an internal insulation system 8;

[0138] The inner thermal insulation system 8 comprises a thermal insulation layer 8, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 8, and a plaster layer 8;

[0139] The insulation layer 8 comprises an insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall and an insulation layer on the lower side of the roof, and the two are overlapped with each other at staggered joints;

[0140] The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 includes a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 on the indoor side of the inner insulation layer of the exterior wall and a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 on the indoor side of the lower insulation layer of the roof, the two are disconnected at the inner corner position and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0141] An additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 8 is arranged inside the plaster layer 8 to form a reinforcement structure at the inner corner position and overlap with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer 8;

[0142] The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the ground is provided with an internal insulation system nine;

[0143] The inner thermal insulation system 9 comprises a thermal insulation layer 9, an additional thermal insulation layer, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 9, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 9;

[0144] The insulation layer nine comprises an insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall and an insulation layer on the upper side of the ground, and the two are overlapped with each other at staggered joints;

[0145] An additional insulation layer is provided at the inner corner position 9 of the insulation layer 9, and the cross-sectional shape of the additional insulation layer is triangular, and a slope angle is formed at the inner corner position 9, so that the waterproof vapor barrier film 9 is not easy to fall off;

[0146] The waterproof vapor barrier film 9 includes a waterproof vapor barrier film 9 on the indoor side of the insulation layer inside the exterior wall and a waterproof vapor barrier film 9 on the indoor side of the insulation layer above the ground, the two are disconnected at the inner corner position and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0147] At the inner corner position nine, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth nine is used to overlap the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread on the indoor side of the insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall;

[0148] The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the floor slab is provided with an internal insulation system 10;

[0149] The inner thermal insulation system 10 comprises a thermal insulation layer 10, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 10;

[0150] The insulation layer 10 extends toward the room along the upper and lower sides of the floor slab, respectively, with an extension length of 1-2 m;

[0151] The insulation layer 10 is overlapped at the inner corner where the outer wall and the floor meet;

[0152] A waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is provided on the indoor side of the thermal insulation layer 10;

[0153] The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is continuously laid along the inner surface of the thermal insulation layer 10, covers the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab, and is adhered to the floor slab;

[0154] The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the first inner corner where the outer wall and the floor slab meet, and overlaps each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0155] The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the first positive corner position of the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab, and is overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap; the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the second negative corner position where the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab intersects with the floor slab, and is overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0156] At the first inner corner position, the first outer corner position and the second inner corner position, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is used for reinforcement, and overlapped with the fully spread alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth;

[0157] At the first external corner position, a corner guard is arranged to protect the external corner;

[0158] The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the interior partition wall is provided with an internal insulation system eleven;

[0159] The inner thermal insulation system 11 comprises a thermal insulation layer 11, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 11, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 11;

[0160] The insulation layer 11 extends into the room along the left and right sides of the indoor partition wall, respectively, with an extension length of 1-2m;

[0161] The insulation layer 11 is overlapped at the inner corner where the outer wall and the indoor partition wall meet;

[0162] A waterproof vapor barrier membrane 11 is provided on the indoor side of the thermal insulation layer 11;

[0163] The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is continuously laid along the inner surface of the thermal insulation layer 11, covers the end of the thermal insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall, and is adhered to the indoor partition wall;

[0164] The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the third inner corner position where the outer wall and the indoor partition wall meet, and they are overlapped to form a reliable overlap; the waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the second outer corner position of the end of the insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall, and they are overlapped to form a reliable overlap;

[0165] The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the fourth inner corner where the end of the thermal insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall meets the indoor partition wall, and they are overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap;

[0166] At the third inner corner position, the second outer corner position and the fourth inner corner position, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 11 is used for reinforcement, and overlapped with the fully spread alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth;

[0167] At the second external corner position, a corner guard is provided to protect the external corner;

[0168] The nodes of the internal insulation system at the opening where the pipeline passes through the outer wall are:

[0169] The outer wall is provided with a hole, and the pipe passes through the hole;

[0170] The hole diameter is equal to the pipe diameter;

[0171] An airtight structure is provided between the hole and the pipeline;

[0172] The airtight structure comprises a waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 12, one end of which is pasted on the inner side of the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the pipe wall;

[0173] The width of the waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 12 pasted on the inner side of the exterior wall and pasted on the pipe wall shall not be less than 40mm;

[0174] The inner side of the outer wall is provided with a heat-insulating layer 12, and the heat-insulating layer 12 is provided with holes, and the size of the holes is adapted to the outer diameter of the pipeline;

[0175] The gap between the hole and the pipe is first filled with finely divided heat-insulating material and then filled with polyurethane foaming agent;

[0176] The airtight structure further comprises a waterproof vapor barrier film 12, the waterproof vapor barrier film 12 extends along the inner side of the thermal insulation layer 12 and is adhered to the outer wall of the pipeline, and the width of the waterproof vapor barrier film 12 adhered to the outer wall of the pipeline is not less than 40 mm;

[0177] The pipeline is coated with pipeline insulation, and the pipeline insulation is seamlessly connected to the insulation layer twelve;

[0178] At the inner corner where the insulation layer 12 intersects with the pipe insulation, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is used for reinforcement;

[0179] A pre-compression expansion sealing tape is filled in the gap between the outer side of the outer wall and the pipeline;

[0180] The pre-compression expansion sealing belt is filled along the entire circumference of the pipeline;

[0181] The nodes of the internal insulation system at the door and window openings are:

[0182] It comprises a passive exterior window, wherein the passive exterior window comprises a window frame, and the window frame comprises a profile;

[0183] The passive exterior window is installed in an internal hanging manner;

[0184] The outer surface of the passive exterior window and the inner surface of the exterior wall are in the same vertical plane;

[0185] The lower opening of the passive outer window is supported by a heat-insulating pad, and the heat-insulating pad is full-length and has the same width as the passive outer window;

[0186] The thermal insulation strip is fixed to the outer wall by bolts, the thermal insulation strip is provided with a groove, and the bolt head of the bolt does not protrude from the thermal insulation strip;

[0187] The outer wall is provided with a heat-insulating layer 14, and the heat-insulating layer 14 is laid upwards and close to the lower side of the window frame;

[0188] An airtight structure is provided at the joint between the window frame and the exterior wall;

[0189] The airtight structure 14 includes a first waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 14, which is arranged on the outdoor side; one end of the first waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 14 is pasted on the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the bottom surface of the profile, and the pasting width of the two ends is not less than 40 mm; the airtight structure 14 also includes a second waterproof vapor-isolating membrane 14, which extends along the inner side of the insulation layer 14 and is pasted on the profile;

[0190] The airtight structure 14 also includes an additional waterproof vapor barrier membrane 14, one end of which is adhered to the bottom surface of the profile, and the other end is overlapped with the second waterproof vapor barrier membrane 14 fully spread on the inner side of the insulation layer 14, and the adhesion width of the two ends is not less than 40mm;

[0191] The upper opening and the side opening of the passive exterior window are fixed to the exterior wall by angle steel, and a heat insulating gasket is arranged between the angle steel and the exterior wall;

[0192] The outer wall is provided with an insulation layer 15, the insulation layer 15 comprises an inner insulation layer and an outer insulation layer, the inner insulation layer is close to the window frame profile, the outer insulation layer covers the window frame, and the exposed width of the window frame is not greater than 15 mm;

[0193] An airtight structure is provided at the joint between the window frame and the exterior wall.

[0194] The airtight structure 16 comprises a waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 16, which is arranged on the outdoor side, one end of which is pasted on the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the window frame profile, and the pasting width of both ends is not less than 40 mm;

[0195] The indoor side of the inner thermal insulation layer is fully covered with a waterproof vapor barrier film 17, and the waterproof vapor barrier film 17 extends along the inner thermal insulation layer and is adhered to the window frame profile;

[0196] The airtight structure sixteen also includes an additional waterproof vapor barrier membrane sixteen, one end of which is adhered to the window frame profile, and the other end is overlapped with the waterproof vapor barrier membrane seventeen fully covered with the inner insulation layer, and the pasting width of the two ends is not less than 40mm.

[0197] Furthermore, the size of the insulation board is 1200 mm long × 600 mm wide;

[0198] The staggered paving is such that the transverse seams and the vertical seams of the first layer of insulation board are staggered with the transverse seams and the vertical seams of the second layer of insulation board, and the staggered distance is not less than 50 mm.

[0199] Furthermore, the external corner joints of the first layer of insulation board should be staggered with the external corner joints of the second layer of insulation board, and no through seams from the interior to the exterior wall should be formed.

[0200] Furthermore, the insulation boards around the door and window openings are cut as a whole according to the shapes of the door and window openings to fit the shapes of the door and window openings.

[0201] Furthermore, the roof is provided with an internal roof insulation system.

[0202] The roof internal insulation system comprises an insulation layer 7, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 7, an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 7, a plaster layer 7 and a finishing layer 7;

[0203] The insulation layer 7 is laid on the lower side of the roof structure board, the insulation layer 7 and the roof structure board are adhered by adhesive, and the insulation layer 7 and the roof structure board are anchored by thermal break anchor bolts;

[0204] The insulation layer 7 includes insulation boards 7, which are laid in two layers with staggered seams to avoid thermal bridges caused by the seams between the insulation boards 7. The thickness of each layer of insulation boards 7 is 50-200 mm.

[0205] A layer of waterproof vapor barrier film 7 is fully spread on the indoor side surface of the thermal insulation layer 7 to prevent indoor water vapor from entering the interior of the thermal insulation layer 7;

[0206] A plastering layer 7 and a finishing layer 7 are arranged on the indoor side of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 7;

[0207] A layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 7 is pressed into the middle of the plaster layer 7.

[0208] Furthermore, a hole 13 is opened on the roof, the pipe passes through the hole 13, and the diameter of the hole 13 is equal to the diameter of the pipe;

[0209] The roof comprises a structural roof panel;

[0210] An airtight structure 13 is provided between the hole 13 and the pipeline.

[0211] The airtight structure 13 comprises a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 131, one end of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 131 is attached to the lower side of the structural roof panel, and the other end is attached to the pipe wall;

[0212] The width of the waterproof vapor barrier film pasted on the underside of the structural roof panel and on the pipe wall shall not be less than 40mm;

[0213] A heat-insulating layer 13 is provided on the lower side of the structural roof panel, and a hole 13 is opened on the heat-insulating layer 13, and the size of the hole 13 is adapted to the outer diameter of the pipeline;

[0214] The gap between the hole 13 and the pipe is first filled with finely divided heat-insulating material and then filled with polyurethane foaming agent;

[0215] The airtight structure 13 also includes a waterproof vapor barrier film 13, the waterproof vapor barrier film 13 extends along the insulation layer 13 and is pasted to the outer wall of the pipeline, and the width of the waterproof vapor barrier film 13 pasted to the outer wall of the pipeline is not less than 40mm;

[0216] The pipeline is coated with pipeline thermal insulation 13, and the pipeline thermal insulation 13 should be seamlessly connected with the thermal insulation layer 13;

[0217] The inner corner where the insulation layer 13 intersects with the pipe insulation 13 is reinforced with additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth.

[0218] Furthermore, the exterior wall is a reinforced concrete wall or a block wall;

[0219] The bonding layer is made of adhesive;

[0220] The SD value of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane is greater than or equal to the SD value of the exterior wall;

[0221] Before laying the waterproof vapor barrier membrane, the leveling layer, the bonding layer and the bonding mortar between the two insulation layers are completely dry.

[0222] The specific application solutions are as follows:

[0223] Take an office building as an example. The project is located in Beijing (cold region), with 5 floors above ground and 1 floor underground. The building height is 19.70m (from outdoor floor to roof surface), and the total construction area is 1305.37m 2 , of which the above-ground building area is 1090.12m 2 , underground building area 215.25m 2 The structural form is a reinforced concrete frame structure, with aerated concrete blocks as the filling wall. Since the building's exterior facade is a dry-hanging stone curtain wall system, the stone curtain wall cannot be removed. The project is renovated from the outside using an exterior wall insulation system, so the passive low-energy building technology method of the internal insulation system described in this patent is used for renovation. The specific renovation plan is:

[0224] (1) Building airtightness plan

[0225] The passive low-energy building area of ​​this project ranges from the 1st underground floor to the 5th above-ground floor. The airtightness plan of the building is that the whole building has a continuous and complete airtight layer surrounding the entire heating volume. On the boundary of the passive zone, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane is set on the indoor side of the insulation layer, and the waterproof vapor barrier membrane on the inner side of the exterior wall insulation, roof insulation, and ground insulation room is continuously wrapped to form a reliable overlap at the intersection to form a closed airtight layer; the doors and windows on the boundary of the passive zone are all passive windows and passive doors that meet the airtightness requirements, and the installation method meets the airtightness requirements; at the location where the holes are opened on the exterior wall and roof, it is necessary to use a construction method that meets the airtightness requirements for treatment.

[0226] (2) Efficient non-transparent exterior insulation system solution

[0227] The insulation measures for external protective structures such as exterior walls, basement exterior walls in contact with soil, partition walls separating heating and non-heating spaces, roofs, basement floors, thermal conductivity of insulation materials, heat transfer coefficient of enclosing structures, and thermal inertia index D value are detailed in the table below.

[0228] Table 1 Insulation scheme for non-transparent external enclosure structure

[0229]

[0230]

[0231] (3) High-performance exterior door and window system solutions

[0232] The exterior windows of this project are made of aluminum-wood composite profiles, three-glass two-cavity hollow argon-filled fire-resistant glass, and durable warm edge spacers. The heat transfer coefficient of the exterior window is K≤1.0W / (m 2 ·K), profile heat transfer coefficient K≤1.3W / (m 2 ·K), glass heat transfer coefficient K≤0.8W / (m 2 ·K), the total solar transmittance of the glass is g=0.35, and the glass selectivity coefficient LSG≥1.25. The air tightness of the external window is level 8, the water tightness is level 6, and the air sound insulation performance is level 3. The fire resistance integrity is not less than 0.50h.

[0233] The heat transfer coefficient of the first floor entrance door is K≤1.0W / (m 2 K), three layers of sealing materials with good durability are used for sealing, with air tightness level 8 and water tightness level not less than level 4.

[0234] The external doors and windows are installed in an internally mounted manner, forming a thermal bridge-free structure between the external window frame and the structural wall, and are airtight and watertight.

[0235] (4) Thermal bridge-free design

[0236] The thermal bridge treatment plan for this project is that on the boundary of the passive zone, the insulation layer of the exterior wall, roof and ground is continuously wrapped without any breakpoints; when the internal insulation of the exterior wall is interrupted by an internal partition wall or floor slab, the internal insulation layer of the exterior wall extends more than 1m into the room along the internal partition wall or floor slab; the exterior doors and windows are installed in a way that does not require thermal bridges; the locations where pipes pass through exterior walls and roof openings are treated in a way that does not require thermal bridges.

[0237] (5) Ventilation system solution for high-efficiency heat recovery device

[0238] Through the above-mentioned technical measures to improve the performance of the building itself, while taking into account "passive" heat gain such as radiation, indoor personnel, lighting, and heat dissipation from household appliances, the building's demand for additional energy is greatly reduced. The use of a ventilation system with a high-efficiency heat recovery device can further reduce the building's ventilation heat loss, and then use the air-conditioning system to introduce a little heat or cold to drive the operation of the entire building.

[0239] This project adopts the air conditioning system + fresh air system design, which contains complete automatic control measures. It can adjust the speed of the compressor according to the load of the indoor unit to automatically adjust the energy output of the outdoor unit to ensure safe, reliable, convenient and energy-saving operation of the system.

[0240] The air conditioning system of this project adopts full DC variable frequency intelligent multi-split air conditioner to bear the indoor cooling and heating load. The fresh air system adopts 3 units with a fresh air volume of 1200m 3 / h full heat exchange fresh air unit, the fresh air unit has a total heat exchange efficiency of 77% and a latent heat exchange efficiency of 68%.

[0241] Outdoor fresh air enters the fresh air unit through the air inlet duct. After processing (heat exchange, haze removal, etc.), the fresh air is sent to each room through the air supply duct to dilute the indoor CO2, and then overflows to the bathroom through the room door gap or air guide groove, enters the heat exchange core of the equipment through the return air outlet of the bathroom, exchanges heat with the outdoor fresh air, and then is discharged to the outside through the exhaust duct.

[0242] After adopting the above technical solution, the heating and cooling load and energy consumption of the building are calculated. The calculation conditions are as follows:

[0243] Table 2 Statistics of building area, height and building volume

[0244]

[0245] Table 3 Building energy consumption calculation parameters

[0246]

[0247]

[0248] Table 4 Parameters of number of personnel and length of stay

[0249] Time period Total number of people Room rate 01:00-02:00 61 0.00 02:00-03:00 61 0.00 03:00-04:00 61 0.00 04:00-05:00 61 0.00 05:00-06:00 61 0.00 06:00-07:00 61 0.00 07:00-08:00 61 0.20 08:00-09:00 61 1.00 09:00-10:00 61 1.00 10:00-11:00 61 1.00 11:00-12:00 61 1.00 12:00-13:00 61 0.50 13:00-14:00 61 1.00 14:00-15:00 61 1.00 15:00-16:00 61 1.00 16:00-17:00 61 1.00 17:00-18:00 61 0.20 18:00-19:00 61 0.00 19:00-20:00 61 0.00 20:00-21:00 61 0.00 21:00-22:00 61 0.00 22:00-23:00 61 0.00 23:00-24:00 61 0.00 24:00-01:00 61 0.00

[0250] Table 5 Lighting parameter statistics

[0251]

[0252]

[0253] Table 6 Equipment parameter statistics

[0254] Time period <![CDATA[Device heat dissipation density, W / m 2 > Simultaneous use of coefficients 01:00-02:00 20.33 0.08 02:00-03:00 20.33 0.08 03:00-04:00 20.33 0.08 04:00-05:00 20.33 0.08 05:00-06:00 20.33 0.08 06:00-07:00 20.33 0.08 07:00-08:00 20.33 0.08 08:00-09:00 20.33 0.59 09:00-10:00 20.33 0.49 10:00-11:00 20.33 0.45 11:00-12:00 20.33 0.45 12:00-13:00 20.33 0.28 13:00-14:00 20.33 0.41 14:00-15:00 20.33 0.41 15:00-16:00 20.33 0.41 16:00-17:00 20.33 0.41 17:00-18:00 20.33 0.08 18:00-19:00 20.33 0.08 19:00-20:00 20.33 0.08 20:00-21:00 20.33 0.08 21:00-22:00 20.33 0.08 22:00-23:00 20.33 0.08 23:00-24:00 20.33 0.08 24:00-00:00 20.33 0.08

[0255] The calculation results of the load and demand for building heating, as well as the load and demand for building cooling are as follows:

[0256] Table 7 Summary of building heating, cooling load and demand calculation results

[0257]

[0258]

[0259] Table 8 Calculation results of building heating load

[0260]

[0261] Table 9 Building cooling load calculation results

[0262]

[0263] Table 10 Calculation results of building heating demand

[0264]

[0265] Table 11 Calculation results of building cooling demand

[0266]

[0267] After the renovation, the building uses an air conditioning system for heating and cooling. The COP of the air conditioning system is 2.6. The calculation results of the building's terminal energy consumption, primary energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions are shown in the table below.

[0268] Table 12 Summary of calculation results of building terminal energy consumption, primary energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions

[0269]

[0270]

[0271] From the above calculation results, it can be seen that after the passive low-energy building technology transformation, the building heating energy consumption is 3.62kWh / (m 2 a), the building cooling energy consumption is 15.74kWh / (m 2 a) The annual heating and cooling energy consumption is less than or equal to 30kWh / (m 2 a) requirements; the total annual primary energy demand of the building (including heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water, lighting and primary energy demand of household appliances) is 116.80 kWh / (m 2 a) The annual total primary energy consumption is less than or equal to 120kWh / (m 2 a) requirements.

[0272] Before the building was transformed with passive low-energy building technology, the building envelope parameters were as follows:

[0273] Table 13 Parameters of external protective structure before renovation

[0274] project <![CDATA[K,W / (m 2 K)]]> Enclosure materials External Wall 0.69 50mm thick rock wool board, λ=0.040W / (mK) Exterior basement walls in contact with soil 3.27 none Partition wall separating heating and non-heating 3.27 none roof 0.49 50mm thick XPS, λ=0.030W / (mK) Basement floor 2.45 none External doors and windows 2.5 Double glass aluminum doors and windows

[0275] Under the above-mentioned enclosure structure parameters before renovation, the heating and cooling load and demand of the building before renovation are shown in the table below. The table also compares the changes in the load and demand of the building before and after renovation.

[0276] Table 14 Comparison of building heating, cooling load and energy consumption before and after renovation

[0277] project Before renovation After transformation Reduction percentage after transformation <![CDATA[Heat load, W / m 2 > 109.39 12.16 88.88％ <![CDATA[Cooling load, W / m 2 > 61.15 29.91 51.09％ <![CDATA[Heat demand, kWh / (m 2 a)]]> 84.93 3.62 95.74％ <![CDATA[Cold demand, kWh / (m 2 a)]]> 25.69 15.74 38.73％

[0278] Before the renovation of the building, the heating was centralized, with a boiler efficiency of 0.9 and a pipe network efficiency of 0.85; the cooling was an air-conditioning system, with a COP of 2.6. The energy consumption comparison of heating and cooling before and after the renovation of the building is shown in the table below.

[0279] Table 15 Comparison of building terminal energy consumption before and after transformation

[0280] project Before renovation After transformation Reduction percentage after transformation <![CDATA[Heating energy consumption, kWh / (m 2 a)]]> 111.02 1.39 98.75％ <![CDATA[Refrigeration energy consumption, kWh / (m 2 a)]]> 9.88 6.05 38.73％ <![CDATA[Total, kWh / (m 2 a)]]> 120.90 7.45 93.84％

[0281] As can be seen from the table, after the building was transformed with passive low-energy technology, the total annual heating and cooling energy consumption of the building was reduced by 93.84% compared with before the transformation. The energy-saving effect of the transformation is significant.

Claims

1. A passive low energy technology renovation building, including exterior walls, roofs, floors, floor slabs, interior partitions, pipes, door and window openings and passive exterior windows, characterized in that: The exterior wall is provided with an exterior wall internal insulation system, and the exterior wall internal insulation system includes exterior wall internal insulation nodes, exterior wall internal insulation system internal corner nodes, exterior wall internal insulation system external corner nodes, exterior wall and roof junction internal insulation system nodes, exterior wall and ground junction internal insulation system nodes, exterior wall and floor junction internal insulation system nodes, exterior wall and interior partition junction internal insulation system nodes, exterior wall openings where pipes pass through, and door and window openings internal insulation system nodes; A leveling layer, an adhesive layer, an insulation layer, a waterproof vapor barrier film, an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth, a plaster layer, and a finishing layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the exterior wall; the insulation layer comprises an insulation board, which is laid in two layers, and the thickness of each insulation board is 50-200 mm. The first insulation board is pasted on the inner side of the exterior wall by point-frame bonding, and the adhesive bonding area is not less than 40% of the insulation board area. The second insulation board is pasted on the inner side of the first insulation board by full bonding, and the two insulation boards are laid with staggered seams; The insulation layer is also fixed to the exterior wall by thermal break anchor bolts; The inner side of the thermal insulation layer is fully covered with a waterproof vapor barrier film; The inner corner node of the exterior wall internal insulation system includes two insulation layers, two waterproof vapor barrier films and two additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloths. The second insulation layer is overlapped in layers with staggered seams at the inner corner; The two waterproof vapor barrier films are disconnected at the inner corner and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap; The additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is pressed into the plaster layer to form a reinforcement structure at the inner corner and overlapped with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer; The external wall internal insulation system positive corner node comprises a thermal insulation layer three, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane three, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth three and a corner guard, The third insulation layer is overlapped in layers with staggered seams at the outer corners; The three waterproof vapor barrier films are disconnected at the positive corners and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap; The additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is triple-pressed in the plaster layer to form a reinforcement structure at the positive corner position, and is overlapped with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer; The corner guard is arranged at the positive corner position, and is located on the inner side of the additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth; The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the roof is provided with an internal insulation system 8; The inner thermal insulation system 8 comprises a thermal insulation layer 8, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 8, and a plaster layer 8; The insulation layer 8 comprises an insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall and an insulation layer on the lower side of the roof, and the two are overlapped with each other at staggered joints; The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 includes a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 on the indoor side of the inner insulation layer of the exterior wall and a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 8 on the indoor side of the lower insulation layer of the roof, the two are disconnected at the inner corner position and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap; An additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 8 is arranged inside the plaster layer 8 to form a reinforcement structure at the inner corner position and overlap with the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread in the plaster layer 8; The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the ground is provided with an internal insulation system nine; The inner thermal insulation system 9 comprises a thermal insulation layer 9, an additional thermal insulation layer, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 9, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 9; The insulation layer nine comprises an insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall and an insulation layer on the upper side of the ground, and the two are overlapped with each other at staggered joints; An additional insulation layer is provided at the inner corner position 9 of the insulation layer 9, and the cross-sectional shape of the additional insulation layer is triangular, and a slope angle is formed at the inner corner position 9, so that the waterproof vapor barrier film 9 is not easy to fall off; The waterproof vapor barrier film 9 includes a waterproof vapor barrier film 9 on the indoor side of the insulation layer inside the exterior wall and a waterproof vapor barrier film 9 on the indoor side of the insulation layer above the ground, the two are disconnected at the inner corner position and overlap each other to form a reliable overlap; At the inner corner position nine, an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth nine is used to overlap the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth fully spread on the indoor side of the insulation layer on the inner side of the exterior wall; The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the floor slab is provided with an internal insulation system 10; The inner thermal insulation system 10 comprises a thermal insulation layer 10, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 10; The insulation layer 10 extends toward the room along the upper and lower sides of the floor slab, respectively, with an extension length of 1-2 m; The insulation layer 10 is overlapped at the inner corner where the outer wall and the floor meet; A waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is provided on the indoor side of the thermal insulation layer 10; The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is continuously laid along the inner surface of the thermal insulation layer 10, covers the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab, and is adhered to the floor slab; The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the first inner corner where the outer wall and the floor slab meet, and overlaps each other to form a reliable overlap; The waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the first positive corner position of the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab, and is overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap; the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 10 is disconnected at the second negative corner position where the end of the thermal insulation layer 10 extending along the floor slab intersects with the floor slab, and is overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap; At the first inner corner position, the first outer corner position and the second inner corner position, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is used for reinforcement, and overlapped with the fully spread alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth; At the first external corner position, a corner guard is arranged to protect the external corner; The internal insulation system node at the junction of the exterior wall and the interior partition wall is provided with an internal insulation system eleven; The inner thermal insulation system 11 comprises a thermal insulation layer 11, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 11, and an additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 11; The insulation layer 11 extends into the room along the left and right sides of the indoor partition wall, respectively, with an extension length of 1-2m; The insulation layer 11 is overlapped at the inner corner where the outer wall and the indoor partition wall meet; A waterproof vapor barrier membrane 11 is provided on the indoor side of the thermal insulation layer 11; The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is continuously laid along the inner surface of the thermal insulation layer 11, covers the end of the thermal insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall, and is adhered to the indoor partition wall; The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the third inner corner position where the outer wall and the indoor partition wall meet, and they are overlapped to form a reliable overlap; the waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the second outer corner position of the end of the insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall, and they are overlapped to form a reliable overlap; The waterproof vapor barrier film 11 is disconnected at the fourth inner corner where the end of the thermal insulation layer 11 extending along the indoor partition wall meets the indoor partition wall, and they are overlapped with each other to form a reliable overlap; At the third inner corner position, the second outer corner position and the fourth inner corner position, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 11 is used for reinforcement, and overlapped with the fully spread alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth; At the second external corner position, a corner guard is provided to protect the external corner; The nodes of the internal insulation system at the opening where the pipeline passes through the outer wall are: The outer wall is provided with a hole, and the pipe passes through the hole; The hole diameter is equal to the pipe diameter; An airtight structure is provided between the hole and the pipeline; The airtight structure comprises a waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 12, one end of which is pasted on the inner side of the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the pipe wall; The width of the waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 12 pasted on the inner side of the exterior wall and pasted on the pipe wall shall not be less than 40mm; The inner side of the outer wall is provided with a heat-insulating layer 12, and the heat-insulating layer 12 is provided with holes, and the size of the holes is adapted to the outer diameter of the pipeline; The gap between the hole and the pipe is first filled with finely divided heat-insulating material and then filled with polyurethane foaming agent; The airtight structure further comprises a waterproof vapor barrier film 12, the waterproof vapor barrier film 12 extends along the inner side of the thermal insulation layer 12 and is adhered to the outer wall of the pipeline, and the width of the waterproof vapor barrier film 12 adhered to the outer wall of the pipeline is not less than 40 mm; The pipeline is coated with pipeline insulation, and the pipeline insulation is seamlessly connected to the insulation layer twelve; At the inner corner where the insulation layer 12 intersects with the pipe insulation, additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is used for reinforcement; A pre-compression expansion sealing tape is filled in the gap between the outer side of the outer wall and the pipeline; The pre-compression expansion sealing belt is filled along the entire circumference of the pipeline; The nodes of the internal insulation system at the door and window openings are: It comprises a passive exterior window, wherein the passive exterior window comprises a window frame, and the window frame comprises a profile; The passive exterior window is installed in an internal hanging manner; The outer surface of the passive exterior window and the inner surface of the exterior wall are in the same vertical plane; The lower opening of the passive outer window is supported by a heat-insulating pad, and the heat-insulating pad is full-length and has the same width as the passive outer window; The thermal insulation strip is fixed to the outer wall by bolts, the thermal insulation strip is provided with a groove, and the bolt head of the bolt does not protrude from the thermal insulation strip; The outer wall is provided with a heat-insulating layer 14, and the heat-insulating layer 14 is laid upwards and close to the lower side of the window frame; An airtight structure is provided at the joint between the window frame and the exterior wall; The airtight structure 14 includes a first waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 14, which is arranged on the outdoor side; one end of the first waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 14 is pasted on the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the bottom surface of the profile, and the pasting width of the two ends is not less than 40 mm; the airtight structure 14 also includes a second waterproof vapor-isolating membrane 14, which extends along the inner side of the insulation layer 14 and is pasted on the profile; The airtight structure 14 also includes an additional waterproof vapor barrier membrane 14, one end of which is adhered to the bottom surface of the profile, and the other end is overlapped with the second waterproof vapor barrier membrane 14 fully spread on the inner side of the insulation layer 14, and the adhesion width of the two ends is not less than 40mm; The upper opening and the side opening of the passive exterior window are fixed to the exterior wall by angle steel, and a heat insulating gasket is arranged between the angle steel and the exterior wall; The outer wall is provided with an insulation layer 15, the insulation layer 15 comprises an inner insulation layer and an outer insulation layer, the inner insulation layer is close to the window frame profile, the outer insulation layer covers the window frame, and the exposed width of the window frame is not greater than 15 mm; An airtight structure is provided at the joint between the window frame and the exterior wall. The airtight structure 16 comprises a waterproof vapor-permeable membrane 16, which is arranged on the outdoor side, one end of which is pasted on the outer wall, and the other end is pasted on the window frame profile, and the pasting width of both ends is not less than 40 mm; The indoor side of the inner thermal insulation layer is fully covered with a waterproof vapor barrier film 17, and the waterproof vapor barrier film 17 extends along the inner thermal insulation layer and is adhered to the window frame profile; The airtight structure sixteen also includes an additional waterproof vapor barrier membrane sixteen, one end of which is adhered to the window frame profile, and the other end is overlapped with the waterproof vapor barrier membrane seventeen fully covered with the inner insulation layer, and the pasting width of the two ends is not less than 40mm.

2. A passive low energy technology building renovation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation boards around the door and window openings are cut as a whole according to the shapes of the door and window openings to fit the shapes of the door and window openings.

3. A passive low energy technology building renovation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roof is provided with an internal roof insulation system. The roof internal insulation system comprises an insulation layer 7, a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 7, an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 7, a plaster layer 7 and a finishing layer 7; The insulation layer 7 is laid on the lower side of the roof structure board, the insulation layer 7 and the roof structure board are adhered by adhesive, and the insulation layer 7 and the roof structure board are anchored by thermal break anchor bolts; The insulation layer 7 includes insulation boards 7, which are laid in two layers with staggered seams to avoid thermal bridges caused by the seams between the insulation boards 7. The thickness of each layer of insulation boards 7 is 50-200 mm. A layer of waterproof vapor barrier film 7 is fully spread on the indoor side surface of the thermal insulation layer 7 to prevent indoor water vapor from entering the interior of the thermal insulation layer 7; A plastering layer 7 and a finishing layer 7 are provided on the indoor side of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 7; A layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 7 is pressed into the middle of the plaster layer 7.

4. A passive low energy technology building renovation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roof is provided with a hole 13, the pipe passes through the hole 13, and the diameter of the hole 13 is equal to the diameter of the pipe; The roof comprises a structural roof panel; An airtight structure 13 is provided between the hole 13 and the pipeline. The airtight structure 13 comprises a waterproof vapor barrier membrane 131, one end of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane 131 is attached to the lower side of the structural roof panel, and the other end is attached to the pipe wall; The width of the waterproof vapor barrier film pasted on the underside of the structural roof panel and pasted on the pipeline wall shall not be less than 40mm; A heat-insulating layer 13 is provided on the lower side of the structural roof panel, and a hole 13 is opened on the heat-insulating layer 13, and the size of the hole 13 is adapted to the outer diameter of the pipeline; The gap between the hole 13 and the pipe is first filled with finely divided heat-insulating material and then filled with polyurethane foaming agent; The airtight structure 13 also includes a waterproof vapor barrier film 13, the waterproof vapor barrier film 13 extends along the insulation layer 13 and is pasted to the outer wall of the pipeline, and the width of the waterproof vapor barrier film 13 pasted to the outer wall of the pipeline is not less than 40mm; The pipeline is coated with pipeline thermal insulation 13, and the pipeline thermal insulation 13 should be seamlessly connected with the thermal insulation layer 13; The inner corner where the insulation layer 13 intersects with the pipe insulation 13 is reinforced with additional alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth.

5. A passive low energy technology building renovation according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The exterior wall is a reinforced concrete wall or a block wall; The bonding layer is made of adhesive; The SD value of the waterproof vapor barrier membrane is greater than or equal to the SD value of the exterior wall; Before laying the waterproof vapor barrier membrane, the leveling layer, the bonding layer and the bonding mortar between the two insulation layers are completely dry.

Images