A small gas turbine dynamometer test bench and method based on two-stage speed change

Abstract

The present invention relates to a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change, comprising a small gas turbine, a two-stage speed change gearbox, a starter motor and a hydraulic dynamometer; the small gas turbine comprises a small gas turbine compressor, a small gas turbine combustion chamber and a small gas turbine turbine, the small gas turbine compressor air outlet is connected to the small gas turbine combustion chamber air inlet, the small gas turbine combustion chamber outlet is connected to the small gas turbine turbine inlet, and the small gas turbine turbine exhaust port is connected to the exhaust chimney through a muffler; the small gas turbine compressor is connected to the hydraulic dynamometer inlet through a two-stage speed change gearbox. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is provided with a two-stage speed change gearbox, a hydraulic dynamometer and other equipment, which can realize a series of research and development tests such as dynamometer test, performance test, and durability test of the small gas turbine, and comprehensively measure and analyze the power performance of the small gas turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gas turbine dynamometer test bench, in particular to a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Small gas turbines are mainly suitable for small-scale distributed energy fields, such as small and medium-sized industrial parks and industrial enterprises with a certain amount of steam demand. At present, natural gas boilers simply replace coal-fired boilers. In the future, combined cycle (small gas turbine + waste heat boiler) can be further replaced to improve energy efficiency through energy cascade utilization. In addition, it can also be used for distributed energy in large transportation hubs such as airports and railway stations, data centers (IDCs), hospitals, office buildings, and comprehensive commercial buildings. It can also provide emergency backup power, build low-carbon application demonstration communities, and form regional low-carbon emission clean energy zones with wind and solar power generation. Small gas turbines have low NOx emissions. In places such as office buildings and comprehensive commercial buildings with higher environmental protection requirements, small gas turbines can play their advantages of low NOx emissions and low noise.

[0003] The development of small gas turbines is still in its infancy in China, and the relevant test bench construction plan is not mature. Therefore, it is urgent to design a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change, which can realize a series of research and development tests such as dynamometer test, performance test, and durability test of small gas turbines, and comprehensively measure and analyze the power performance of small gas turbines. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench and method based on two-stage speed change.

[0005] The small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change comprises a small gas turbine, a two-stage speed change gearbox, a starting motor and a hydraulic dynamometer; the small gas turbine comprises a small gas turbine compressor, a small gas turbine combustion chamber and a small gas turbine turbine, the air outlet of the small gas turbine compressor is connected to the air inlet of the small gas turbine combustion chamber, the outlet of the small gas turbine combustion chamber is connected to the inlet of the small gas turbine turbine, and the exhaust port of the small gas turbine turbine is connected to the exhaust chimney through a muffler; the small gas turbine compressor is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer through a two-stage speed change gearbox, wherein the two-stage speed change gearbox comprises a first-stage gearbox and a second-stage gearbox, and the small gas turbine compressor comprises a first-stage gearbox and a second-stage gearbox. The gas turbine compressor is connected to the first-stage gearbox, the first-stage gearbox is connected to the second-stage gearbox, the second-stage gearbox is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer, wherein the first-stage gearbox is also connected to the starting motor; the outlet of the hydraulic dynamometer is connected to the inlet of the underground water pool through a flow meter and a second stop valve, the outlet of the underground water pool is connected to the inlet of the mechanical cooling tower through a return water pump, a first check valve, a third stop valve, a fourth stop valve and a fifth stop valve, the outlet of the mechanical cooling tower is connected to the inlet of the pump front water pool, the outlet of the pump front water pool is connected to the inlet of the high-level water tank through a circulating water pump, a second check valve and a sixth stop valve in sequence, and the outlet of the high-level water tank is connected to the water inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer through the first stop valve.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, an air intake filter is connected to the top of the small gas turbine compressor.

[0007] Preferably, the combustion chamber of the small gas turbine is connected to the fuel gas passage.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment: the high-level water tank and the hydraulic dynamometer are both provided with overflow pipes connected to the underground water pool.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the small gas turbine compressor, the small gas turbine combustion chamber and the small gas turbine turbine are connected to form an integral whole through a flow passage.

[0010] As a preferred option: a small gas turbine, a two-stage speed change gear box, a starting motor and a hydraulic dynamometer are placed in the test room, and a control room is set up on one side of the test room.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment: the air intake filter is located at the top of the test room; the high-level water tank is located at the top of the control room; the exhaust chimney and the muffler are located at the outer wall of the test room, and the exhaust chimney is located on the top of the muffler.

[0012] The working method of the small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1. When testing the power performance of a small gas turbine, air passes through an air intake filter and enters the small gas turbine compressor. The air is compressed and raised to a certain pressure. At the same time, the fuel gas enters the small gas turbine burner and mixes with the air before burning to drive the small gas turbine turbine to rotate. The exhaust gas that has completed the work is discharged to the atmosphere through the muffler and the exhaust chimney.

[0014] S2. The rotational mechanical energy generated by the small gas turbine is transmitted to the hydraulic dynamometer through the two-stage speed change gear box to measure its output power. When the hydraulic dynamometer measures the output power of the small gas turbine, the hydraulic dynamometer absorbs the mechanical energy transmitted by the small gas turbine through the two-stage speed change gear box and converts it into the thermal energy of water, and the water temperature in the hydraulic dynamometer rises. Then the output power of the small gas turbine is calculated by the flow rate.

[0015] S3, the water in the hydraulic dynamometer flows to the underground water pool through the flow meter and the second stop valve, and then the heated water is pumped to the mechanical cooling tower for cooling through the return pump, the first check valve, the third stop valve, the fourth stop valve and the fifth stop valve;

[0016] S4. The drainage of the mechanical cooling tower first flows into the water pool in front of the pump, and then is pumped to the high-level water tank through the circulating water pump, the second check valve and the sixth stop valve; the water in the high-level water tank flows into the hydraulic dynamometer through the first stop valve through potential energy.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment: in step S1, when the small gas turbine is started for test, the small gas turbine is first brought to 70%-80% of the rated speed by starting the motor.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment: in step S4, when the water levels of the high-level water tank and the hydraulic dynamometer are too high, the water overflows into the underground water pool through the overflow pipe.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention is equipped with a two-stage speed change gearbox, a hydraulic dynamometer and other equipment, which can realize a series of research and development tests such as dynamometer test, performance test, and durability test of a small gas turbine, and comprehensively measure and analyze the power performance of a small gas turbine.

[0021] 2. The present invention adopts a two-stage speed-changing gearbox. The excessively high speed of the small gas turbine can be adjusted to a low speed commonly used by the hydraulic dynamometer through the two-stage speed-changing. At the same time, a starting motor can also be hung on the first-stage gearbox. The two-stage speed-changing greatly improves the flexibility of the test bench.

[0022] 3. The present invention adopts a hydraulic dynamometer to test the power of a small gas turbine. The hydraulic dynamometer is relatively small in size, operates smoothly, and has strong adaptability to different speeds, torques and powers. It is more suitable for testing small gas turbines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the working process of the small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change.

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals: small gas turbine compressor 1, small gas turbine combustion chamber 2, small gas turbine turbine 3, exhaust chimney 4, silencer 5, air intake filter 6, first-stage gear box 7, second-stage gear box 8, hydraulic dynamometer 9, high-level water tank 10, starting motor 11, underground water tank 12, return water pump 13, mechanical cooling tower 14, circulating water pump 15, first stop valve 16, flow meter 17, second stop valve 18, third stop valve 19, first check valve 20, fourth stop valve 21, fifth stop valve 22, sixth stop valve 23, second check valve 24, water tank before pump 25, control room 26, small gas turbine 101. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only used to help understand the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] The first embodiment of the present application provides a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change, such as Figure 1-3As shown, it includes a small gas turbine 101, a two-stage speed change gear box, a starter motor 11, a hydraulic dynamometer 9, and related auxiliary equipment and systems. The small gas turbine 101 includes a small gas turbine compressor 1, a small gas turbine combustion chamber 2, and a small gas turbine turbine 3. The air outlet of the small gas turbine compressor 1 is connected to the air inlet of the small gas turbine combustion chamber 2, the outlet of the small gas turbine combustion chamber 2 is connected to the inlet of the small gas turbine turbine 3, and the exhaust port of the small gas turbine turbine 3 is connected to the exhaust chimney 4 through a muffler 5, wherein the top of the small gas turbine compressor 1 is connected to an air intake filter 6, and the small gas turbine combustion chamber 2 is connected to a fuel gas channel. The small gas turbine compressor 1 is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer 9 through a two-stage speed change gearbox, wherein the two-stage speed change gearbox includes a first-stage gearbox 7 and a second-stage gearbox 8, the small gas turbine compressor 1 is connected to the first-stage gearbox 7, the first-stage gearbox 7 is connected to the second-stage gearbox 8, the second-stage gearbox 8 is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer 9, wherein the first-stage gearbox 7 is connected to a starting motor 11 with another speed (relative to another speed of the small gas turbine compressor). The water outlet of the hydraulic dynamometer 9 is connected to the inlet of the underground water tank 12 through the flow meter 17 and the second stop valve 18, and the outlet of the underground water tank 12 is connected to the inlet of the mechanical cooling tower 14 through the return pump 13, the first check valve 20, the third stop valve 19, the fourth stop valve 21 and the fifth stop valve 22. The outlet of the mechanical cooling tower 14 is connected to the inlet of the pump front water tank 25, and the outlet of the pump front water tank 25 is connected to the inlet of the high-level water tank 10 through the circulating water pump 15, the second check valve 24 and the sixth stop valve 23 in sequence. The outlet of the high-level water tank 10 is connected to the water inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer 9 through the first stop valve 16, wherein the high-level water tank 10 and the hydraulic dynamometer 9 are both provided with overflow pipes connected to the underground water tank 12.

[0030] When a small gas turbine is started, it must reach a certain speed through external force before it can start, so this purpose must be achieved through a starting motor.

[0031] The rated speed of a small gas turbine is about 25,000 rpm. The first-stage gearbox reduces the speed to about 12,000 rpm, and the second-stage gearbox reduces the speed to 3,000 rpm. By hanging the starter motor on the first-stage gearbox, it can pass through one less gearbox, reduce mechanical losses, and improve efficiency. At the same time, a generator can also be hung on the first-stage gearbox to simulate subsequent tests such as the power generation test of the gas turbine generator set, making the energy supply of the test bench more expandable and flexible.

[0032] In the prior art, dynamometers for small gas turbines are generally implemented through eddy current dynamometers and hydraulic dynamometers. The eddy current dynamometer is large in size when the power is large. The hydraulic dynamometer is relatively small in size and relatively safe. The loading response time of the hydraulic dynamometer is in the order of seconds, while the loading response time of the eddy current dynamometer is in the order of milliseconds. The loading response of the eddy current dynamometer is faster, but as a test, the loading response time is not required to be high. Therefore, a hydraulic dynamometer with a relatively small size and stable operation is more suitable for this test bench.

[0033] Embodiment 2

[0034] Embodiment 2 of the present application provides a dynamometer method for a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on a two-stage speed change, comprising the following steps:

[0035] 1) When the small gas turbine is tested to measure its power performance, air enters the small gas turbine compressor 1 through the air intake filter 6, and the air is compressed and raised to a certain pressure. At the same time, the fuel gas enters the small gas turbine burner 2 and mixes with the air and then burns to drive the small gas turbine turbine 3 to rotate. The exhaust gas that has completed the work is discharged to the atmosphere through the muffler 5 and the exhaust chimney 4. The rotational mechanical energy generated by the small gas turbine is transmitted to the hydraulic dynamometer 9 through a two-stage speed change gear box (i.e., the first stage gear box 7 and the second stage gear box 8) to measure its output power. When the small gas turbine is started for testing, it is necessary to first bring the small gas turbine to 70%-80% of the rated speed through the starting motor 11 to meet the starting conditions.

[0036] 2) When the hydraulic dynamometer 9 measures the output power of the small gas turbine, the hydraulic dynamometer 9 absorbs the mechanical energy transmitted by the small gas turbine through the two-stage speed change gear box and converts it into the heat energy of water, that is, the water temperature in the hydraulic dynamometer rises. Then the output power of the small gas turbine is calculated by the water flow rate. The water in the hydraulic dynamometer 9 flows to the underground water pool 12 through the flow meter 17 and the second stop valve 18, and then the heated water is pumped to the mechanical cooling tower 14 for cooling through the dynamometer return water pump 13, the first check valve 20, the third stop valve 19, the fourth stop valve 21, and the fifth stop valve 22. The drainage of the mechanical cooling tower 14 first flows into the pre-pump water pool 25, and then is pumped to the high-level water tank 10 through the circulating water pump 15, the second check valve 24, and the sixth stop valve 23. The water in the high-level water tank 10 flows into the hydraulic dynamometer 9 through the first stop valve 16 through potential energy, and its potential energy can ensure that the water pressure at the inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer 9 remains stable. At the same time, the high-level water tank 10 and the hydraulic dynamometer 9 are both provided with overflow pipes connected to the underground water pool 12 to prevent the water level from being too high.

[0037] This patent can realize a series of research and development tests such as dynamometer test, performance test and endurance test of small gas turbines. The performance test is similar to the dynamometer test method. The endurance test is to repeat the test continuously for a period of time to test the durability performance. It is relatively simple and will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change, characterized in that: The invention comprises a small gas turbine (101), a two-stage speed change gear box, a starter motor (11) and a hydraulic dynamometer (9); the small gas turbine (101) comprises a small gas turbine compressor (1), a small gas turbine combustion chamber (2) and a small gas turbine turbine (3); the air outlet of the small gas turbine compressor (1) is connected to the air inlet of the small gas turbine combustion chamber (2); the outlet of the small gas turbine combustion chamber (2) is connected to the inlet of the small gas turbine turbine (3); The exhaust port of the turbine (3) is connected to the exhaust chimney (4) through a muffler (5); the small gas turbine compressor (1) is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer (9) through a two-stage speed change gear box, wherein the two-stage speed change gear box includes a first-stage gear box (7) and a second-stage gear box (8), the small gas turbine compressor (1) is connected to the first-stage gear box (7), the first-stage gear box (7) is connected to the second-stage gear box (8), and the second-stage gear box (8) is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer (9). The first gear box (7) is also connected to a starter motor (11); the water outlet of the hydraulic dynamometer (9) is connected to the inlet of the underground water pool (12) through a flow meter (17) and a second stop valve (18); the outlet of the underground water pool (12) is connected to the inlet of the mechanical cooling tower (14) through a return pump (13), a first check valve (20), a third stop valve (19), a fourth stop valve (21) and a fifth stop valve (22); the outlet of the mechanical cooling tower (14) is connected to the water pool in front of the pump (25) inlet, the outlet of the pre-pump water tank (25) is connected to the inlet of the high-level water tank (10) through the circulating water pump (15), the second check valve (24) and the sixth stop valve (23) in sequence, and the outlet of the high-level water tank (10) is connected to the water inlet of the hydraulic dynamometer (9) through the first stop valve (16); the top of the small gas turbine compressor (1) is connected to the air intake filter (6); the high-level water tank (10) and the hydraulic dynamometer (9) are both provided with overflow pipes connected to the underground water tank (12).

2. The small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The small gas turbine combustion chamber (2) is connected to the fuel gas passage.

3. The small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The small gas turbine compressor (1), the small gas turbine combustion chamber (2) and the small gas turbine turbine (3) are connected to form an integral whole via a flow passage.

4. The small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A small gas turbine (101), a two-stage speed change gear box, a starter motor (11) and a hydraulic dynamometer (9) are placed in a test room, and a control room is provided on one side of the test room.

5. The small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The air intake filter (6) is located at the top of the test room; the high-level water tank (10) is located at the top of the control room; the exhaust chimney (4) and the muffler (5) are located at the outer wall of the test room, and the exhaust chimney (4) is located above the muffler (5).

6. A working method of a small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. When testing the power performance of a small gas turbine, air enters the small gas turbine compressor (1) through an air intake filter (6), and the air is compressed and raised to a certain pressure. At the same time, fuel gas enters the small gas turbine combustion chamber (2) and mixes with the air and then burns to drive the small gas turbine turbine (3) to rotate; exhaust gas that has completed the work is discharged to the atmosphere through a muffler (5) and an exhaust chimney (4); S2, the rotational mechanical energy generated by the small gas turbine (101) is transmitted to the hydraulic dynamometer (9) through the two-stage speed change gear box, and its output power is measured; when the hydraulic dynamometer (9) measures the output power of the small gas turbine, the hydraulic dynamometer (9) absorbs the mechanical energy transmitted by the small gas turbine (101) through the two-stage speed change gear box and converts it into thermal energy of water, and the water temperature in the hydraulic dynamometer (9) increases; and then the output power of the small gas turbine is calculated through the flow meter (17); S3, the water in the hydraulic dynamometer (9) flows to the underground water pool (12) through the flow meter (17) and the second stop valve (18), and then the heated water is pumped to the mechanical cooling tower (14) for cooling through the return pump (13), the first check valve (20), the third stop valve (19), the fourth stop valve (21) and the fifth stop valve (22); S4, the drainage of the mechanical cooling tower (14) first flows into the water pool before the pump (25), and then is pumped to the high-level water tank (10) through the circulating water pump (15), the second check valve (24) and the sixth stop valve (23); the water in the high-level water tank (10) flows into the hydraulic dynamometer (9) through the first stop valve (16) through potential energy.

7. The working method of the small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S1, when the small gas turbine is started for test, the small gas turbine (101) is first driven to 70%-80% of the rated speed by starting the motor (11).

8. The working method of the small gas turbine dynamometer test bench based on two-stage speed change according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S4, when the water levels of the high-level water tank (10) and the hydraulic dynamometer (9) are too high, water overflows into the underground water tank (12) through the overflow pipe.

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