A method for loading and unloading super-long rails

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of loading and unloading cargo, and specifically discloses a method for loading and unloading extra-long rails, including three major steps of unloading, cutting, and loading, which are further subdivided into the methods and techniques of track crane connection and moving rails, and the cooperation methods of multiple main and deputy commanders and track crane drivers. The above-mentioned loading and unloading method strictly and comprehensively regulates the methods of loading and unloading extra-long rails, cutting extra-long rails, and transferring long rails to ship machines. The driver of the track crane and multiple commanders at the unloading point cooperate together. The whole set of processes has strong safety and high operability, and has significant promotion significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of port cargo loading and unloading, and in particular relates to a method for loading and unloading an extra-long rail. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's transportation technology and the improvement of automation level, China's railways have also entered the "high-speed" era. For trains with a speed of more than 200km / h, the traditional 25m long rails cannot meet the speed-up requirements, and 100-meter rails must be specially laid. The super-long rails mentioned here refer to rails with a length of about 100m, and long rails refer to rails with a length of about 50cm. The common rail loading method adopts horizontal lifting, and the rail unloading method adopts longitudinal rail unloading on both sides. Hundred-meter rails are difficult to load and unload, and are prone to bending, torsion and deformation during the loading and unloading process.

[0003] The disclosure of the above background technology content is only used to assist in understanding the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above content has been disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background technology should not be used to evaluate the novelty and creativity of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for loading and unloading an extra-long rail, which is suitable for unloading the rail from a vehicle and then loading it onto a ship engine.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for loading and unloading an extra-long rail, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Unloading: The extra-long rails are placed in the yard. Two rail cranes are parked at the marked positions. The two rail cranes are used to lift the rails synchronously. Each rail crane has a lifting device using an electromagnet. Each lifting device has several lifting points. The two rail cranes lift a group of extra-long rails through the lifting devices and multiple lifting points, and then move the group of extra-long rails horizontally to the cutting area.

[0007] S2. Cutting. The cutting area and the stockpile are both located on the moving path of the rail crane. There is a cutting platform in the cutting area. Two rail cranes place the extra-long rails on the cutting platform and use cutting tools to cut the extra-long rails into two long rails of the same length. Another rail crane hoists the long rails to the stockpile.

[0008] S3. For loading, a rail crane lifts a set of long rails from the yard and places the set of long rails on a carrier. The carrier transports the set of long rails to the side of the ship's engine, and two cranes on the ship's engine transfer the set of long rails to the ship's engine.

[0009] As an improvement of the above scheme, in step S1, when aligning the vehicle, the error of the two rail cranes at the marked position shall not exceed 20 cm, and the on-site instructor shall confirm when the two rail cranes are aligned with the vehicle; when unloading the vehicle, the two deputy commanders on the two rail cranes are each responsible for one end of the cargo yard, and both stand in a position where they can clearly see the work site and are within the line of sight of the main commander. Correspondingly, the main commander stands in a safe position that can be seen by the two deputy commanders, and then directs the operation.

[0010] As an improvement of the above scheme, in step S1, when coding, 14 lifting points are evenly connected to the designated positions of a group of extra-long rails; when lifting, the commander follows the "two lifting" requirements, first signals the lifting brace and comprehensively checks the connection position between the lifting point and the extra-long rail, the lifting point itself, and the extra-long rail itself to ensure that it meets the coding requirements, and then commands the operator to leave the site and reach a safe position, and signals the two rail cranes to lift the group of extra-long rails synchronously to the yard.

[0011] As an improvement of the above scheme, in step S2, special persons are assigned to receive and send instructions in the cutting area and the yard respectively; when feeding, two rail cranes are respectively assigned two commanders, one main and one deputy, to be responsible for lifting an extra-long rail to the cutting platform in a coordinated manner. The two rail cranes move synchronously, and the lifting and moving processes ensure that the extra-long rail is smooth. When the cargo stack is 0.3-0.6m away from the cutting platform, the main commander signals to stop descending, and another operator uses a positioning rope to stabilize the stack, and then signals to drop the hook after straightening the extra-long rail.

[0012] As an improvement of the above scheme, in step S2, when another rail crane is being hoisted, two commanders are arranged to be responsible for the cutting process of the cutting platform and the loading and unloading in the yard respectively. Both commanders stand within the sight range of the driver of the rail crane and can clearly see the safe position of the work site.

[0013] As an improvement on the above scheme, in step S3, a rail crane with a long steel rail corresponding to the load, cargo yard and fastener is used to load the gun carriage. First, ensure the safety around the gun carriage and avoid the operation route of the cargo yard. Arrange two commanders to be responsible for the command of yard loading and unloading and gun carriage loading and unloading respectively. The operators wait for the operation at both ends of the gun carriage away from the operation route of the cargo yard. When the cargo yard falls to 0.3-0.6m on the drag surface of the gun carriage, straighten the cargo yard and signal to drop the hook.

[0014] As an improvement of the above scheme, in step S3, the driving route of the gun carriage is ensured to be flat and unobstructed, the long steel rails are ensured to be firmly fixed and warning signs are set before the gun carriage drives, the speed of the gun carriage does not exceed 5Km / h, the gun carriage is not allowed to brake suddenly or reduce the speed when turning, and a special person is arranged in front of the gun carriage to direct road traffic. If the long steel rails are found to be sidling or unstable, the car should be stopped immediately and measures should be taken to correct it.

[0015] As an improvement on the above scheme, in step S3, a main commander is designated on the ship engine, and two deputy commanders are designated at the front of the dock. All three commanders stand in a safe position where they can clearly see the work site. One deputy commander cooperates with the main commander to command, and the other deputy commander transmits the unloading instructions. Then the main commander commands the next operation, and the driver of the ship engine operates according to the instructions of the main commander.

[0016] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the above-mentioned loading and unloading method strictly and comprehensively regulates the methods of loading and unloading extra-long rails, cutting extra-long rails, and transferring long rails onto ship machines. The driver of the rail crane and multiple commanders at the unloading point cooperate with each other. The whole process has strong safety and high operability, and has significant promotion significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a rail crane in the first embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a rail crane in a second embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 The diagram is a schematic diagram of a rail crane connected to an extra-long rail in an embodiment.

[0020] Explanation of main reference numerals: 11. rail crane; 12. hoist; 20. extra-long rail; 30. carrier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top", "bottom", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inside", "outside", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If the terms "first", "second", and "third" are described, they are only used for the purpose of description and distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following is an explanation of the embodiments of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention discloses a method for loading and unloading super-long rails, which is aimed at loading and unloading port export rails. The super-long rails 20 mentioned here refer to rails with a length of 100m, and the long rails refer to rails with a length of 50m. The rail crane 11 is similar to the gantry crane in structure. Figure 1 The moving direction of the track crane 11 is perpendicular to the paper surface. Figure 2 The moving direction of the rail crane 11 is left and right. The extra-long rails 20 are stacked, and each layer of extra-long rails 20 is arranged with 6-10 rails, also called a group, and wooden pads are placed at the bottom. The specific real-time method is as follows. When loading, a lifting device, such as a crane, is correspondingly set at one side of the ship.

[0026] 1.1、100m rail unloading train operation, Figure 1 The vehicle 30 on the middle right is a train.

[0027] 1.1.1 When aligning vehicles, they should be stuck at the designated marking position with a deviation of no more than 20cm, and confirmed by the on-site instructor.

[0028] 1.1.2 When unloading, two deputy commanders should be designated on the vehicle, each responsible for one end of the cargo yard, standing in a safe position where they can see the work site clearly and within the main commander's line of sight to cooperate with the main commander, and the command gestures should be accurate. The main commander should stand in a safe position within the track crane driver's line of sight and can see the two deputy commanders to command the operation.

[0029] 1.1.3. When coding, the lifting device 12 of the electromagnet used to connect the rails should be adsorbed on the designated positions of the 7 extra-long rails 20 respectively to ensure that the cargo stack remains balanced after lifting.

[0030] 1.1.4. During lifting, the commander shall implement the "two lifting" requirements and signal the lifting first. After lifting, it shall be confirmed that the wire rope of the lifting device 12 is not entangled, the suction position is correct, there is no risk of the rail falling off, and it meets the coding requirements.

[0031] 1.1.5. After confirming that the on-site operators have avoided the cargo yard's operating route and reached a safe position, the commander then signals the two gantry cranes to simultaneously lift a group of 7 extra-long rails 20 to the yard.

[0032] 1.2. Rail cutting and material feeding operations.

[0033] 1.2.1. Before sawing and delivering the extra-long rails, the chief commander and the person in charge of the rail sawing operation line shall clearly specify the operation instructions, and both parties shall designate special personnel to receive and send instructions.

[0034] 1.2.2. When feeding materials to the rack, arrange two operators, one main and one deputy, each responsible for the two ends of the hanging beam. The operators mark the codes as required. After the main operator connects with the person in charge of the rail sawing operation line, they jointly lift an extra-long rail 20 to the cutting platform. The movements of the two rail cranes 11 should be synchronized, and the rails should be kept smooth during lifting and moving.

[0035] 1.2.3. Operators wait for work at both ends of the cargo pile away from the cargo yard's running line. When the cargo yard falls to about 0.5m above the table, the main commander signals to stop the descent, and the operator uses the positioning rope (hook) to stabilize the yard, and then signals to drop the hook after aligning the cargo yard to the designated position.

[0036] 1.2.4. The finished product section of the sawing line (here refers to the long rail with a length of 50m) is taken to the yard by another rail crane 11. Two commanders should be arranged to be responsible for the command of the loading and unloading of rails at the sawing platform and the yard respectively, and stand in a safe position within the sight of the rail crane 11 driver and able to clearly see the work site to command the operation.

[0037] 1.2.5. The operator can only be arranged to carry out the coding operation after the material handling commander has communicated with the person in charge of the rail sawing operation line to confirm safety. After coding is completed, the material is hoisted to the yard smoothly after safety confirmation.

[0038] 1.3. 50-meter steel rail gun carriage loading operation.

[0039] 1.3.1. The gun carriage loading operation should be performed by a rail crane 11 whose load matches the weight of the cargo and tools.

[0040] 1.3.2. Before loading, the gun truck driver should get off the vehicle and supervise from a safe position around the vehicle, avoiding the cargo yard operation route.

[0041] 1.3.3. During loading, two commanders shall be arranged to be responsible for the loading and unloading of rails at the yard and the gun carriage respectively.

[0042] 1.3.4. Operators wait for work at both ends of the gun plate away from the cargo yard running line. When the cargo yard falls to about 0.5m from the drag plate surface, the conductor signals to stop the descent, and the operator uses the positioning rope (hook) to stabilize the yard, and then signals to drop the hook after aligning the cargo yard to the drop position.

[0043] 1.3.5. After the seven 50-meter rails are placed firmly on the ground, the gantry crane driver operates the electromagnet excitation switch to lower the cargo stack.

[0044] 1.4. Horizontal transport operations.

[0045] 1.4.1. Before transportation, the route of the gun carriage should be checked. The road surface along which the gun carriage and the tractor towing the gun carriage pass should be flat, without bumps or obstacles.

[0046] 1.4.2. The trailer should travel according to the prescribed speed and route, and the speed should not exceed 5 km / h.

[0047] 1.4.3 Before driving the trailer, the driver should check whether the rails on the vehicle are stable. Only after confirming that they are firm and setting up obvious warning signs can the vehicle be transported.

[0048] 1.4.4. Tow smoothly without speeding or sudden braking.

[0049] 1.4.5. During transportation, the vehicle speed should be reduced before turning or stopping.

[0050] 1.4.6. Assign a dedicated person to be responsible for road traffic diversion.

[0051] 1.4.7. During transportation, the stability of the long rails on the vehicle should be carefully monitored at all times. If any deviation or instability is found, the vehicle should be stopped immediately and corrective measures should be taken.

[0052] 1.5 Loading operations.

[0053] 1.5.1. After the gun carriage is parked at the designated position at the front of the wharf, the tractor should detach from the towing platform and move to a safe position.

[0054] 1.5.2 When loading rails onto a ship, two ship cranes matching the weight, length and lifting requirements of the cargo should be used for joint lifting.

[0055] 1.5.3. Two deputy commanders are designated at the front of the wharf, each responsible for one end of the cargo yard, and standing in a safe position where they can see the operation site clearly to cooperate with the deck commander to direct the operation, and the command gestures should be accurate; the other deputy commander transmits the loading and unloading instructions in the cabin to the deck commander in the cabin, and then the deck commander directs the next step of operation. The ship engine driver can only operate according to the instructions of the deck commander, which are mainly commanded by hand gestures and can be confirmed by dialogue with the help of walkie-talkies.

[0056] 1.5.4. After the ship engine hoists the clamp to the appropriate position on the gun carriage rail and stops, the operator codes as required, clamps the rail with the rail clamp, and fastens the protective device. The operator should use the ladder to get on and off the car.

[0057] 1.5.5. Carry out the lifting inspection and "two-lift" lifting operation of the rails as required. During the lifting process, the two ship engines should obey the command of the main commander, operate synchronously, and cooperate tacitly.

[0058] 1.5.6. The ship engine driver hoists the rails to the top of the deck, stops for a while and waits for the next instruction from the main commander.

[0059] 1.5.7. The chief deck commander should stand in a safe position where he can see the work site clearly and is within the sight of the two ship engine drivers, and his command gestures should be accurate.

[0060] 1.5.8. The deck commander sends a signal to notify the operators in the cabin to leave the cargo yard's route. After the operators in the cabin have moved to a safe position, he directs the two ship engines to operate synchronously and cooperate tacitly to lift the cargo yard into the cabin.

[0061] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for loading and unloading an extra-long rail, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Unloading: The extra-long rails are placed in the yard. Two rail cranes are parked at the marked positions. The two rail cranes are used to lift the rails synchronously. Each rail crane has a lifting device using an electromagnet. Each lifting device has several lifting points. The two rail cranes lift a group of extra-long rails through the lifting devices and multiple lifting points, and then move the group of extra-long rails horizontally to the cutting area. S2. Cutting. The cutting area and the stockpile are both located on the moving path of the rail crane. There is a cutting platform in the cutting area. Two rail cranes place the extra-long rails on the cutting platform and use cutting tools to cut the extra-long rails into two long rails of the same length. Another rail crane hoists the long rails to the stockpile. S3. Loading: A rail crane lifts a set of long rails from the yard and places the set of long rails on a carrier. The carrier transports the set of long rails to the side of the ship engine. Two cranes on the ship engine transfer the set of long rails to the ship engine. In the step S1, when the two rail cranes are aligned, the error of the marked positions of the two rail cranes does not exceed 20 cm, and the alignment of the two rail cranes is confirmed by the on-site instructor; when unloading, the two deputy commanders on the two rail cranes are responsible for one end of the cargo yard, and both stand in a place where they can see the work site clearly and within the sight of the main commander. Correspondingly, the main commander stands in a safe position that can be seen by the two deputy commanders, and then directs the operation; In step S1, when coding, 14 lifting points are evenly connected to the designated positions of a group of extra-long rails; when lifting, the command personnel follow the "two lifting" requirements, first signal the lifting brace and comprehensively check the connection position between the lifting point and the extra-long rail, the lifting point itself, and the extra-long rail itself to ensure that it meets the coding requirements, and then command the operator to leave the site and reach a safe position, and signal the two rail cranes to lift the group of extra-long rails synchronously to the yard; In step S3, the driving route of the gun carriage is ensured to be smooth and barrier-free. Before the gun carriage travels, the long steel rails are ensured to be firmly fixed and warning signs are set. The speed of the gun carriage does not exceed 5 km / h. The gun carriage is not allowed to brake suddenly or reduce the speed when turning. In addition, a special person is arranged in front of the gun carriage to guide the road traffic. If the long steel rails are found to be lateral or unstable, the gun carriage will be stopped immediately and measures will be taken to correct them. In step S3, a main commander is designated on the ship engine, and two deputy commanders are designated at the front of the dock. The three commanders all stand in a safe position where they can clearly see the work site. One deputy commander cooperates with the main commander to command, and the other deputy commander transmits the unloading instructions. Then the main commander commands the next step of operation, and the driver of the ship engine operates according to the instructions of the main commander.

2. The method for loading and unloading an extra-long rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, designated personnel are assigned to receive and send instructions in the cutting area and the yard respectively; when feeding, two rail cranes are respectively assigned two operators, one main and one deputy, to lift an extra-long rail to the cutting platform in a coordinated manner. The two rail cranes move synchronously, and the lifting and moving processes ensure that the extra-long rail is smooth. When the cargo stack is 0.3-0.6m away from the cutting platform, the main commander signals to stop descending, and another operator uses a positioning rope to stabilize the stack, and then signals to drop the hook after the extra-long rail is straightened.

3. The method for loading and unloading an extra-long rail according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, when another rail crane is being hoisted, two commanders are arranged to be responsible for the command of the cutting process on the cutting platform and the loading and unloading in the yard respectively. Both commanders stand within the sight range of the driver of the rail crane and can clearly see the safe position of the work site.

4. The method for loading and unloading an extra-long rail according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the gun carriage is loaded using a rail crane with a long steel rail corresponding to the load, cargo yard and fasteners. First, ensure the safety around the gun carriage and avoid the operation route of the cargo yard. Arrange two commanders to be responsible for the command of yard loading and unloading and gun carriage loading and unloading respectively. The operators wait for work at both ends of the gun carriage away from the operation route of the cargo yard. When the cargo yard falls to 0.3-0.6m on the drag board surface of the gun carriage, straighten the cargo yard and signal to drop the hook.

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