A shale brick unloading and stacking machine

Abstract

The present invention proposes a shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine, comprising a brick unloading mechanism and a stacking mechanism, the brick unloading mechanism comprising a first frame, a bearing platform and a brick dividing assembly, wherein the bearing platform is arranged in the first frame for bearing the brick stack; the brick dividing assembly comprises a brick supporting device and a closing device, wherein the brick supporting device is used to support and fix the lower bricks; the closing device comprises a push plate for enclosing the upper bricks and a driving element for driving the push plate to translate, and the push plate is inclined toward the brick stack; the stacking mechanism comprises a second frame, a transfer assembly, a stacking assembly and a stacking assembly. The present invention can solve the problem of defects or adhesion between bricks and improve the surface quality of shale bricks after unloading; through the cooperation of the brick unloading mechanism and the stacking mechanism, it can be realized that after the brick unloading operation, the brick layer transfer, brick layer grouping and stacking and restacking can be carried out in sequence through mechanization, thereby improving the brick unloading and stacking efficiency of the bricks and realizing full mechanization in brick production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of brick production equipment, and in particular to a shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] When existing brick factories produce shale bricks, they stack the bricks into piles and burn them in brick kilns. The brick pile structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, in each layer of the brick stack, the bricks are adjacent to each other in the length direction and are spaced a certain distance apart in the thickness direction. The directions of the bricks in two adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other, so that gaps are formed between the bricks of the brick stack, which makes it easier for each brick in the brick stack to be well heated and ensures the sintering quality of the bricks.

[0003] After the bricks are sintered, they need to be reorganized and stacked after being unloaded from the kiln. Traditionally, this is done manually, which not only has a harsh working environment and high temperatures, but also has high labor intensity, low efficiency, and high labor costs. Although there are some mechanized brick unloading and packaging equipment at this stage, the problems of brick bonding and brick stack deformation caused by a series of physical and chemical changes in the shale bricks during the roasting process still restrict the mechanized solutions for brick unloading, grouping, and stacking after the finished bricks leave the kiln.

[0004] For example, some mechanical equipment often encounters the problem of bricks around the brick layer to be grabbed leaning inward due to many external forces during the brick unloading process, resulting in the brick unloading and clamping robot being unable to effectively gather and clamp the brick stacks, and requiring continuous manual participation. At the same time, these mechanical equipment cannot completely solve the adhesion problem when unloading bricks and the phenomenon of bricks falling and scattering when stacking, resulting in low efficiency of brick unloading and stacking. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine to solve the problem of shale bricks sticking during unloading, improve the efficiency of brick unloading and stacking, and realize full mechanization in brick production.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: The present invention provides a shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine, including a brick unloading mechanism and a stacking mechanism, wherein:

[0007] The brick unloading mechanism includes a first frame, a bearing platform and a brick distributing assembly, wherein:

[0008] The bearing platform is arranged in the first frame and is used for bearing the brick stack;

[0009] The brick separation assembly is arranged on the first frame above the carrying platform, and is used to separate the upper bricks from the lower bricks of the brick stack on the carrying platform. The brick separation assembly includes a brick supporting device and a closing device, wherein:

[0010] The brick supporting device is used to stabilize and fix the lower bricks;

[0011] The closing device comprises a push plate for enclosing the upper bricks and a driving element for driving the push plate to move in translation, and the push plate is inclined toward the brick stack;

[0012] The palletizing mechanism includes a second frame, a transfer assembly, a palletizing assembly and a stacking assembly, wherein:

[0013] The second rack is arranged on one side of the first rack;

[0014] A stacking assembly is arranged on the second frame and is used to group and align the brick stack layers;

[0015] A transfer assembly, used to sequentially transfer the brick stack layers separated by the brick unloading mechanism to the stacking assembly;

[0016] The stacking assembly is used to stack neatly stacked brick layers in the vertical direction.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, it also includes a conveying mechanism, which includes a main frame, a first cross beam frame, a second cross beam frame and a brick stack clamp, the main frame is arranged on the side of the first frame away from the second frame, the first cross beam frame is horizontally arranged on the top of the main frame along the length direction of the main frame, and can move up and down along the main frame, the second cross beam frame is arranged on the first cross beam frame, the second cross beam frame and the first cross beam frame are perpendicular to each other, and extend horizontally toward the side of the main frame away from the first frame, the brick stack clamp is vertically arranged on the second cross beam frame, and linear modules are arranged between the brick stack clamp and the second cross beam frame, and between the first cross beam frame and the second beam frame.

[0018] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the brick dividing assembly also includes a fixed square frame, which is arranged on a first frame above the supporting platform and can be moved up and down along the first frame, and the brick supporting device and the closing device are both arranged on the fixed square frame, and the closing device is located directly above the brick supporting device.

[0019] Further, preferably, the brick supporting device comprises a first clamping plate, a first clamping cylinder, a second clamping plate and a second clamping cylinder, wherein:

[0020] A first clamping plate is arranged on the inner side of a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame;

[0021] A first clamping cylinder is arranged outside the fixed frame and is used to drive the first clamping plate to translate;

[0022] A second clamping plate is arranged on the inner side of another set of opposite sides of the fixed frame;

[0023] The second clamping cylinder is arranged outside the fixed frame and is used for driving the second clamping plate to translate.

[0024] Furthermore, preferably, the push plate includes a first plate member and a second plate member, the first plate member is arranged on the inner side of a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame, the second plate member is arranged on the inner side of another set of opposite sides of the fixed frame, the first plate member is located directly above the first clamping plate, and the second plate member is located directly above the second clamping plate;

[0025] The driving element comprises a first push cylinder and a second push cylinder, wherein the first push cylinder is fixedly arranged outside a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame, and is used to drive the first plate to translate, and the second push cylinder is fixedly arranged outside another set of opposite sides of the fixed frame, and is used to drive the second plate to translate;

[0026] The distance from the top surface of the first plate to the inner side surface of the fixed frame is greater than the distance from the bottom surface of the first plate to the inner side surface of the fixed frame;

[0027] The distance from the top surface of the second plate to the inner side surface of the fixed frame is greater than the distance from the bottom surface of the second plate to the inner side surface of the fixed frame;

[0028] The inclination angles of the first plate and the second plate are both 1° to 20°.

[0029] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, two groups of brick supporting devices and two groups of closing devices are arranged in the fixed frame, wherein the two groups of brick supporting devices and the two groups of closing devices are arranged horizontally side by side on the fixed frame, and the closing devices are located directly above the brick supporting devices;

[0030] The stacking assembly includes a conveying frame and a brick-pulling device, wherein the conveying frame is fixedly arranged on the second frame, one end of the conveying frame in the length direction is opposite to the brick-pulling assembly, and two conveying platforms are arranged side by side along the length direction on the conveying frame. The brick-pulling device includes a pushing member and a first driving mechanism, the pushing member is slidably arranged at one end of the conveying frame close to the first frame, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the pushing member to move toward the other end of the conveying frame so that the brick layers on the conveying platform are stacked neatly.

[0031] Further, preferably, the brick pulling device also includes a mounting frame, a rotating cylinder and a connecting rod, slide rails are fixedly provided at both ends of the conveying frame in the length direction, the mounting frame is slidably provided on the slide rails, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the pushing member, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the mounting frame close to the first frame, the fixed end of the rotating cylinder is fixedly installed on the mounting frame, and the telescopic end of the rotating cylinder is hinged to the connecting rod.

[0032] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the transfer assembly includes a transfer frame, a grabbing device and a second driving mechanism, the bottom end of the transfer frame is slidably arranged at one end of the conveying frame in the length direction, the second driving mechanism is used to drive the transfer frame to translate along the length direction of the conveying frame, the grabbing device is arranged at the top of the transfer frame, the grabbing device includes two first clamps, a connecting plate, a column, a first gear rack mechanism, a motor, a main gear and a gear plate, the two first clamps are respectively rotatably arranged at the bottom of both ends of the connecting plate through the gear plate, and the first clamps are opposite to the bearing platform, the motor is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate, the motor is meshed with the gear plate through the main gear, the column is vertically fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate, and the top of the transfer frame is connected to the column through the first gear rack mechanism.

[0033] Further, preferably, the stacking assembly also includes a reversing plate and a lifting and rotating mechanism, the reversing plate is arranged at one end of one of the conveying platforms close to the first frame, and the lifting and rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the conveying frame for driving the reversing plate to translate and rotate up and down.

[0034] On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the stacking assembly includes a second gripper, a third crossbeam frame and a fourth crossbeam frame. The third crossbeam frame is slidably arranged on the second frame and can translate in the length direction of the conveying frame. A second gear rack mechanism for driving the third crossbeam frame to translate is arranged between the third crossbeam frame and the second frame. The fourth crossbeam frame is slidably arranged on the third crossbeam frame and can translate in the width direction of the conveying frame. A third gear rack mechanism for driving the fourth crossbeam frame to translate is arranged between the fourth crossbeam frame and the third crossbeam frame. The second gripper is horizontally arranged below the fourth crossbeam frame for clamping the neatly stacked brick layers on the conveying platform. A lifting mechanism for driving the second gripper to translate up and down is arranged on the fourth crossbeam frame.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) The shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine disclosed in the present invention can stabilize and fix the lower bricks on the top of the brick stack placed on the supporting platform by setting a brick supporting device, and can separate the upper bricks from the lower bricks on the top of the brick stack by a closing device, which is specifically achieved by a push plate that surrounds the upper bricks and a driving element for driving the push plate to move in a translational manner. By setting an inclined shape on the side of the push plate facing the brick stack, when the driving element drives the push plate to move in a translational manner, the push plate first contacts the upper part of the brick. When pushing the brick, the lever principle can be used to easily separate the upper bricks from the lower bricks, thereby avoiding the upper bricks and the lower bricks from being separated by horizontal friction shearing, causing defects or adhesion problems between bricks, and improving the surface quality of the shale bricks after stacking; through the cooperation of the transfer component, the stacking component and the stacking component, after the brick unloading operation, the brick layer transfer, brick layer grouping and stacking can be carried out in sequence through mechanization, thereby improving the brick unloading and stacking efficiency and realizing full mechanization in brick production;

[0037] (2) By making the inclination angles of the first plate and the second plate both 1° to 20°, the upper bricks and the lower bricks can be easily separated, and the bricks can be prevented from falling, ensuring that the upper bricks can be smoothly stacked together;

[0038] (3) By setting up a conveying mechanism, the brick stacks after leaving the kiln can be mechanized and transferred to the bearing platform to improve the efficiency of brick unloading;

[0039] (4) By arranging two conveying platforms side by side along the length direction on the conveying frame, on the one hand, the two groups of separated brick layers can be coordinated and received; on the other hand, the brick layers grouped on one conveying platform can be transferred to the other conveying platform through the cooperation of the stacking assembly, and then the second gripper can grasp and transfer the brick layers to the ground or a pallet at one time for height stacking, which can improve the efficiency of the stacking assembly;

[0040] (5) By setting a reversing plate and a lifting and rotating mechanism, the angle of the brick layer on the reversing plate can be adjusted so that the placement direction of the brick layer on the corresponding conveying platform is different from that of the brick layer on another conveying platform. This makes it convenient for the stacking components to grab the corresponding brick layers to change the placement direction of the brick stacks in the stack during stacking to meet different stacking requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a brick stack structure disclosed in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine disclosed in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the brick unloading mechanism and the stacking mechanism disclosed in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism and brick unloading mechanism disclosed in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the brick unloading mechanism disclosed in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brick assembly disclosed in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stacking assembly disclosed in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the whole stack assembly disclosed in the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0051] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the conveying rack disclosed in the present invention;

[0052] Figure ID:

[0053] 1. Brick unloading mechanism; 2. Stacking mechanism; 11. First frame; 12. Loading platform; 13. Brick dividing assembly; 14. Brick supporting device; 15. Closing device; 150. Push plate; 151. Driving element; 21. Second frame; 22. Transfer assembly; 23. Stacking assembly; 24. Stacking assembly; 3. Conveying mechanism; 31. Main frame; 32. First beam frame; 33. Second beam frame; 34. Brick stacking gripper; 35. Linear module; 16. Fixed frame; 141. First clamping plate; 142. First clamping cylinder; 143. Second clamping plate; 144. Second clamping cylinder; 1501. First plate; 1502. Second plate; 1511. First horizontal push cylinder; 1512. Second horizontal push cylinder; 231, conveying frame; 232, brick-moving device; 2311, conveying platform; 2321, pushing member; 2322, first driving mechanism; 2323, mounting frame; 2324, rotating cylinder; 2325, connecting rod; 221, transfer frame; 222, grabbing device; 223, second driving mechanism; 2221, first gripper; 2222, connecting plate; 2223, column; 2224, first rack-and-pinion mechanism; 2225, motor; 2226, main gear; 2227, gear plate; 233, reversing plate; 234, lifting and rotating mechanism; 241, second gripper; 242, third beam frame; 243, fourth beam frame; 244, second rack-and-pinion mechanism; 245, third rack-and-pinion mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, combined Figure 2 , 3 5. The embodiment of the present invention discloses a shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine, which is used to realize the unloading and restacking operations of the brick stacks after leaving the kiln.

[0056] Specifically, the shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine of the present invention comprises a brick unloading mechanism 1 and a stacking mechanism 2. The brick unloading mechanism 1 is used to unload the brick stack after leaving the kiln, and to separate the upper and lower layers of bricks in the brick stack. The stacking mechanism 2 is used to regroup and stack the separated horizontal brick layers, and then stack them.

[0057] The brick unloading mechanism 1 comprises a first frame 11 , a carrying platform 12 and a brick separating assembly 13 .

[0058] The first frame 11 is used as the main body for installing the brick-splitting assembly 13, and is made of steel. In order to dock with the stacking assembly, rollers connected to the bottom track are provided at the bottom of the first frame 11 to facilitate movement and docking.

[0059] The carrying platform 12 is arranged in the first frame 11, and is used to place the brick stack for brick separation by the brick separation assembly 13. The number of the carrying platforms 12 can be one or more, which is determined by the number of the brick separation assemblies 13. In actual operation, the brick stack can be transferred to the carrying platform 12 by a brick forklift, or other equipment can be used.

[0060] The brick separation assembly 13 is arranged on the first frame 11 above the carrying platform 12, and is used to separate the upper bricks from the lower bricks of the brick stack on the carrying platform 12. The brick separation assembly 13 includes a brick supporting device 14 and a closing device 15, wherein:

[0061] The brick supporting device 14 is used to stabilize and fix the lower bricks; ensure that the lower bricks remain stationary, so that the closing device 15 can close the upper bricks to separate the upper bricks from the lower bricks.

[0062] The closing device 15 includes a push plate 150 for enclosing the upper bricks and a driving element 151 for driving the push plate 150 to move in translation. The push plate 150 is inclined toward the brick stack. Specifically, when the lower bricks on the top of the brick stack are stabilized and fixed by the brick supporting device 14, the push plates 150 surrounding the upper bricks are driven to move in translation by the corresponding driving elements 151, so that the two sets of opposite sides of the upper bricks are squeezed and closed by the push plates 150. By setting the push plate 150 toward the brick stack in an inclined shape, when the driving element 151 drives the push plate 150 to move in translation, the push plate 150 first contacts the upper part of the brick. When pushing the bricks, the upper bricks and the lower bricks can be easily separated by the lever principle, avoiding the upper bricks and the lower bricks from being separated by horizontal friction shear, causing defects or bonding problems between the bricks, and improving the surface quality of the shale bricks after stacking.

[0063] The brick separation assembly 13 can be used to separate brick stack layers, and the separated horizontal brick layers need to be restacked. Therefore, the stacking mechanism 2 of this embodiment includes a second frame 21, a transfer assembly 22, a stacking assembly 23 and a stacking assembly 24.

[0064] Among them, the second frame 21 is arranged on one side of the first frame 11 and is used in conjunction with the first frame 11. Since multiple mechanism components on the stacking mechanism 2 are installed on the second frame 21, the second frame 21 is large in size. In order to dock with the first frame 11, the bottom of the second frame 21 is also provided with rollers that cooperate with the bottom track to facilitate movement.

[0065] The stacking assembly 23 is arranged on the second frame 21 and is used to group and stack the brick stacks. Specifically, since there is a certain gap between the bricks when stacking the brick stacks after leaving the kiln, the horizontal area of ​​the brick layer is small after the closing device 15 closes and separates them. In this way, if they are stacked directly, the efficiency is low, and the stacking volume is small, which is not practical. Therefore, the stacking assembly 23 of this embodiment is to arrange the horizontal brick layers side by side in the horizontal direction to group multiple horizontal brick layers, which is convenient for the subsequent stacking assembly 24 to stack at one time, and the effect is greatly improved. In addition, the size of the stack can be controlled, so that the stacking shape of the brick stack is not fixed and needs secondary adjustment.

[0066] The transfer assembly 22 is used to transfer the brick stack layers separated by the brick unloading mechanism 1 to the stacking assembly 23 in sequence; specifically, after the closing device 15 separates the upper bricks from the lower bricks, the upper bricks are closed, and the upper bricks can be transferred to the stacking assembly 23 for grouping and alignment through the transfer assembly 22.

[0067] The stacking assembly 24 is used to stack neatly stacked brick layers in the vertical direction, so that neatly stacked horizontal brick layers can be stacked in the vertical direction, which is convenient for subsequent transfer to the production site for use.

[0068] Through the cooperation of the transfer component 22, the stacking component 23 and the stacking component 24, after the brick unloading operation, the brick layer transfer, brick layer grouping and stacking can be carried out in sequence through mechanization, thereby improving the brick unloading and stacking efficiency and realizing full mechanization in brick production.

[0069] In order to further improve the efficiency of brick unloading and reduce manual operation, this embodiment adopts a conveying mechanism 3 to transfer the brick stack out of the kiln to the carrying platform 12. Figure 4 As shown, the conveying mechanism 3 includes a main frame 31 , a first crossbeam frame 32 , a second crossbeam frame 33 and a brick stack gripper 34 .

[0070] The main frame 31 is arranged on the side of the first frame 11 away from the second frame 21. In order to dock with the first frame 11, the main frame 31 is also provided with rollers cooperating with the bottom track at the bottom. Thus, the conveying mechanism 3, the brick unloading mechanism 1 and the stacking mechanism 2 form an integrated machine on the same track, thereby improving the degree of mechanized connection.

[0071] The first crossbeam frame 32 is horizontally arranged at the top of the main frame 31 along the length direction of the main frame 31, and can move up and down along the main frame 31. Specifically, the first crossbeam and the main frame 31 are hydraulically driven to realize the vertical translation of the first crossbeam frame relative to the main frame 31. The second crossbeam frame is arranged on the first crossbeam frame, and the second crossbeam frame is perpendicular to the first crossbeam frame and horizontally extends toward the side of the main frame 31 away from the first frame 11. The brick pile gripper 34 is vertically arranged on the second crossbeam frame, and a linear module 35 is arranged between the brick pile gripper 34 and the second crossbeam frame, and between the first crossbeam frame and the second crossbeam frame. According to this arrangement, the second crossbeam frame can be driven to translate along its length direction on the first crossbeam frame through the linear module 35, and at the same time, the brick pile gripper 34 can also be driven to translate along the length direction of the second crossbeam frame through the linear module 35, so that the brick pile gripper 34 can be adjusted to move in the X-axis and Y-axis in the horizontal direction. By moving the first crossbeam up and down on the main frame 31 , the height of the brick stack gripper 34 in the Z-axis direction can be adjusted, so that the brick stack can be clamped and moved to the brick unloading mechanism 1 and placed on the carrying platform 12 .

[0072] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to the attached Figure 5 and 6 As shown, the brick dividing assembly 13 also includes a fixed frame 16, which is disposed on the first frame 11 above the supporting platform 12 and can be moved up and down along the first frame 11. The brick supporting device 14 and the closing device 15 are both disposed on the fixed frame 16, and the closing device 15 is located directly above the brick supporting device 14.

[0073] The fixed frame 16 is horizontally arranged on the first frame 11, and the area of ​​the inner circle of the fixed frame 16 is larger than the area of ​​the brick pile, so that the fixed frame 16 can be conveniently mounted on the brick pile. In order to enable the brick supporting device 14 and the closing device 15 to separate the brick layers layer by layer from top to bottom, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the fixed frame 16 and the bearing platform 12. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bearing platform 12 is stationary, and the fixed frame 16 moves up and down along the first frame 11, so as to adjust the height of the fixed frame 16 mounted on the brick pile.

[0074] The closing device 15 and the brick supporting device 14 are arranged up and down on the fixed frame 16, so that the brick supporting device 14 corresponds to the lower bricks and the closing device 15 corresponds to the upper bricks.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the brick supporting device 14 includes a first clamping plate 141, a first clamping cylinder 142, a second clamping plate 143 and a second clamping cylinder 144, wherein:

[0076] A first clamping plate 141 is disposed inside a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame 16;

[0077] The first clamping cylinder 142 is arranged outside the fixed frame 16 and is used to drive the first clamping plate 141 to translate;

[0078] The second clamping plate 143 is arranged inside another set of opposite sides of the fixed frame 16;

[0079] The second clamping cylinder 144 is disposed outside the fixed frame 16 and is used to drive the second clamping plate 143 to translate.

[0080] Thus, when the brick end face of the lower brick faces the first clamping plate 141, the brick side face of the lower brick faces the second clamping plate 143. At this time, the first clamping cylinder 142 drives the first clamping plate 141 to translate, and the two groups of first clamping plates 141 translate relative to each other, while clamping the two end faces of the brick to eliminate the gap between the brick end faces, thereby achieving the bricks being clamped to each other in the length direction. At this time, the second clamping plate 143, driven by the second clamping cylinder 144, translates slightly, only supporting the brick side face of the outermost brick of the lower brick, without translation and squeezing action, to avoid the upper brick from falling down due to lack of support from the lower brick after the bricks are closed. According to the different initial brick stack placement forms, the brick end face of the lower brick will also face the second clamping plate 143, and the corresponding brick side face of the lower brick will face the first clamping plate 141.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present invention, the push plate 150 surrounds the upper bricks. Specifically, the push plate 150 includes a first plate 1501 and a second plate 1502. The first plate 1501 is arranged on the inner side of a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame 16, and the second plate 1502 is arranged on the inner side of another set of opposite sides of the fixed frame 16. The first plate 1501 is located directly above the first clamping plate 141, and the second plate 1502 is located directly above the second clamping plate 143.

[0082] The driving element 151 includes a first push cylinder 1511 and a second push cylinder 1512. The first push cylinder 1511 is fixedly arranged on the outside of a group of opposite sides of the fixed frame 16, and is used to drive the first plate 1501 to translate. The second push cylinder 1512 is fixedly arranged on the outside of another group of opposite sides of the fixed frame 16, and is used to drive the second plate 1502 to translate.

[0083] On the basis of the above embodiment, after the lower bricks are stabilized and clamped by the first clamping plate 141 and the second clamping plate 143, the lower bricks remain stationary on the horizontal plane. At this time, the first plate 1501 corresponds to the side of the bricks of the upper bricks, and the second plate 1502 corresponds to the end of the bricks of the upper bricks. The first push cylinder 1511 drives the first plate 1501 to move horizontally, and the second push cylinder 1512 drives the second plate 1502 to move horizontally. Since the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 are relatively The opposite side is set in an inclined shape, and the upper part of the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 first contacts the upper part of the brick, that is, the first plate 1501 contacts the upper part of the side of the brick, and the second plate 1502 contacts the upper part of the end face of the brick. When pushing the brick, the upper brick and the lower brick can be easily separated by lever principle, avoiding the upper brick and the lower brick to be separated by horizontal friction shear, causing defects or bonding problems between bricks, and improving the surface quality of shale bricks after stacking. During the relative translation of the two groups of first plates 1501 and the relative translation of the two groups of second plates 1502, the upper bricks can be closed inward for shaping.

[0084] In order to make the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 separate the upper bricks and the lower bricks well during the translation process, and prevent the bricks from falling, the scheme adopted in this embodiment is: the distance from the top surface of the first plate 1501 to the inner side of the fixed frame 16 is greater than the distance from the bottom surface of the first plate 1501 to the inner side of the fixed frame 16; the distance from the top surface of the second plate 1502 to the inner side of the fixed frame 16 is greater than the distance from the bottom surface of the second plate 1502 to the inner side of the fixed frame 16; the inclination angles of the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 are both 1° to 20°. With the above technical scheme, the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 are inclined downward, and the angle is set in this way. When the upper bricks and the lower bricks are easily separated, the bricks can be prevented from falling, and the upper bricks can be smoothly stacked. Specifically, if the angle is too small, the contact area between the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 and the bricks is large, and the upper bricks and the lower bricks are in surface contact and separated by mutual friction and shearing, which will at least cause adhesion or surface defects of the separated bricks. If the angle is too large, the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 are likely to push the upper bricks when pushing them, making them unable to close.

[0085] Since the brick supporting device 14 and the closing device 15 are arranged inside the fixed frame 16, they both adopt an enclosure method to achieve stabilization or closing of the brick layer. Each brick separation mechanism can only perform stacking operations on one brick pile, which will result in low efficiency. If multiple brick separation mechanisms are arranged in the plane direction, each brick separation mechanism needs to be equipped with a fixed frame 16, which will cause the shale brick unloading mechanism 1 to be bulky and have a large space occupancy rate.

[0086] To this end, the solution adopted in this embodiment is: two groups of brick supporting devices and two groups of closing devices are arranged in the fixed square frame 16, wherein the two groups of brick supporting devices and the two groups of closing devices are arranged horizontally side by side on the fixed square frame 16, and the closing device is located directly above the brick supporting device. With this arrangement, two groups of brick stacks can be separated at the same time.

[0087] Specifically, in order to ensure that the two groups of brick supporting devices 14 and the two groups of closing devices 15 form an enclosed structure in the fixed frame 16, the solution adopted in this embodiment is: the first clamping plate 141 is arranged side by side in the middle of the fixed frame 16 along the length direction of the fixed frame 16, and the other two first clamping plates 141 are respectively arranged on the inner side walls of the fixed frame 16 in the length direction; the two first plate members 1501 are arranged side by side in the middle of the fixed frame 16 along the length direction of the fixed frame 16, and the other two first plate members 1501 are respectively arranged on the inner side walls of the fixed frame 16 in the length direction, and the first plate member 1501 is located directly above the first clamping plate 141, and the first clamping cylinder 142 and the first push cylinder 1511 are both arranged on the outer side walls at both ends of the length direction of the fixed frame 16, respectively connecting the first clamping plate 141 and the first plate member 1501.

[0088] Thus, the fixed frame 16 is set to a rectangular structure, and the two groups of brick assemblies 13 are integrated together through the fixed frame 16 to form a split brick assembly 13. By arranging two groups of first clamping plates 141 side by side in the middle of the fixed frame 16, and arranging two groups of first plates 1501 side by side directly above the two groups of first clamping plates 141, the first clamping plates 141 and the first plates 1501 are installed on both inner sides of the length direction of the fixed frame 16, and two groups of second clamping plates 143 and two groups of second plates 1502 are arranged on both inner sides of the width direction of the fixed frame 16. It can meet the requirements that two groups of brick supporting devices 14 and two groups of closing devices 15 can realize the synchronous stacking operation of two groups of brick piles in the same fixed frame 16. At the same time, the first clamping cylinder 142 and the first horizontal push cylinder 1511 are set on the outer side walls at both ends of the length direction of the fixed frame 16, respectively connected to the first clamping plate 141 and the first plate 1501, so that each cylinder can be dispersed on both sides of the length direction of the fixed frame 16. In this way, the structure of the entire brick separation assembly 13 is optimized, so that one brick separation mechanism can simultaneously implement the stacking operation of two groups of brick piles, and the structure is compact and does not occupy a large space. It is worth noting that in order to cooperate with the above structure, two groups of bearing platforms 12 are also set side by side.

[0089] As some preferred embodiments,

[0090] See attached Figure 8 and 10As shown, the stacking assembly 23 includes a conveying frame 231 and a brick-pulling device 232, wherein the conveying frame 231 is fixedly arranged on the second frame 21, one end of the conveying frame 231 in the length direction is opposite to the brick-pulling assembly 13, and two conveying platforms 2311 are arranged side by side along the length direction on the conveying frame 231. The brick-pulling device includes a pushing member 2321 and a first driving mechanism 2322. The pushing member 2321 is slidably arranged at one end of the conveying frame 231 close to the first frame 11, and the first driving mechanism 2322 is used to drive the pushing member 2321 to move toward the other end of the conveying frame 231 so that the brick layers on the conveying platform 2311 are stacked neatly. According to this arrangement, after the horizontal brick layers separated on the brick dividing assembly 13 are transferred to the conveying platform 2311 by the transfer assembly 22, two groups of horizontal brick layers are placed on the two conveying platforms 2311 respectively, and the first driving mechanism 2322 drives the pusher 2321 to translate, so as to push the multiple groups of horizontal brick layers to the other end of the conveying platform 2311 in sequence, thereby integrating the multiple groups of horizontal brick layers together in the horizontal direction for grouping. In this embodiment, the first driving mechanism 2322 adopts a sprocket chain transmission method, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0091] Since the transfer component 22 can only transfer two groups of horizontal brick layers at a time, when they are placed on the conveying platform 2311, the pusher 2321 pushes the two groups of horizontal brick layers to the other side of the conveying platform 2311. At this time, the transfer component 22 transfers two groups of horizontal brick layers to the conveying platform 2311 where they are placed. At this time, the pusher 2321 needs to return to push the bricks. Since the pusher 2321 is just facing the side or end face of the bricks, the pusher 2321 will return the horizontal brick layers from the conveying platform 2311 to the bottom surface when returning. For this reason, this embodiment adopts The solution used is: the brick pulling device also includes a mounting frame 2323, a rotating cylinder 2324 and a connecting rod 2325, the two ends of the conveying frame 231 in the length direction are respectively fixed with slide rails, the mounting frame 2323 is slidably arranged on the slide rails, one end of the connecting rod 2325 is fixedly connected to the end of the pusher 2321, the other end of the connecting rod 2325 is hingedly connected to one end of the mounting frame 2323 close to the first frame 11, the fixed end of the rotating cylinder 2324 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 2323, and the telescopic end of the rotating cylinder 2324 is hingedly connected to the connecting rod 2325. With this arrangement, when the pusher 2321 needs to return, the telescopic end of the rotating cylinder 2324 is shortened, and the connecting rod 2325 drives the pusher 2321 to flip, so that the pusher 2321 is higher than the top surface of the brick, so that the brick can be avoided and reset smoothly.

[0092] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to the attached Figure 8 and 9As shown, the transfer assembly 22 includes a transfer frame 221, a grabbing device 222 and a second driving mechanism 223. The bottom end of the transfer frame 221 is slidably arranged at one end of the length direction of the conveying frame 231. The second driving mechanism 223 is used to drive the transfer frame 221 to translate along the length direction of the conveying frame 231. The grabbing device 222 is arranged at the top of the transfer frame 221. The grabbing device 222 includes two first grippers 2221, a connecting plate 2222, a column 2223, a first gear rack mechanism 2224, a motor 2225, and a main gear 2 226 and gear plate 2227, two first grippers 2221 are rotatably set at the bottom of both ends of the connecting plate 2222 through the gear plates 2227, and the first grippers 2221 are directly opposite to the carrying platform 12, the motor 2225 is fixedly set on the connecting plate 2222, the motor 2225 is meshed and connected with the gear plate 2227 through the main gear 2226, the column 2223 is vertically fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 2222, and the top of the transfer frame 221 is connected to the column 2223 through the first gear rack mechanism 2224. By adopting the above technical solution, the first gear rack mechanism 2224 can drive the column 2223 to move up and down, thereby driving the first gripper 2221 to move up and down to grab the upper brick separated from the brick separation assembly 13. After grabbing, the first gripper 2221 rises. If the direction of the brick layer is consistent with the transformation required for stacking, the second driving mechanism 223 drives the transfer frame 221 to move along the length direction of the conveying frame 231, and then the first gripper 2221 descends to place the horizontal brick layer on the conveying platform 2311. If the direction of the brick layer is inconsistent with the transformation required for stacking, the motor 2225 rotates the driving gear to rotate, and the gear is meshed with the toothed disc to drive the first gripper 2221 to rotate 90°. In this embodiment, the second driving mechanism 223 adopts a sprocket chain transmission method, which is a prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0093] In the actual stacking process, there will be a part of the brick layer in the whole stack that is inconsistent with the direction of the brick stack in the middle of the two sides, and the volume of this part of the brick stack is small. In order to facilitate the subsequent stacking of the stacking assembly 24, the solution adopted in this embodiment is: the whole stacking assembly 23 also includes a reversing plate 233 and a lifting and rotating mechanism 234. The reversing plate 233 is arranged at one end of one of the conveying platforms 2311 close to the first frame 11, and the lifting and rotating mechanism 234 is arranged at the bottom of the conveying frame 231, which is used to drive the reversing plate 233 to translate and rotate up and down. With this arrangement, the angle of the brick layer on the reversing plate 233 can be adjusted, so that the placement direction of the grouped brick layer on the corresponding conveying platform 2311 is different from the placement direction of the grouped brick layer on the other conveying platform 2311. Therefore, it is convenient for the stacking assembly 24 to grab the corresponding brick layer to change the placement direction of the brick stack in the stack during stacking to meet different stacking requirements.

[0094] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, refer to the attached Figure 7 As shown, the stacking assembly 24 includes a second gripper 241, a third beam frame 242 and a fourth beam frame 243. The third beam is slidably arranged on the second frame 21, and can translate in the length direction of the conveying frame 231. A second gear rack mechanism 244 for driving the third beam frame 242 to translate is arranged between the third beam frame 242 and the second frame 21. The fourth beam frame 243 is slidably arranged on the third beam frame 242, and can translate in the width direction of the conveying frame 231. A third gear rack mechanism 245 for driving the fourth beam frame 243 to translate is arranged between the fourth beam frame 243 and the third beam frame 242. The second gripper 241 is horizontally arranged below the fourth beam frame 243, and is used to clamp the neatly stacked brick layers on the conveying platform 2311. The fourth beam frame 243 is provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the second gripper 241 to translate up and down. By adopting the above technical solution, the second gripper 241 can be adjusted along the length direction of the conveying platform 2311 through the horizontal movement of the third crossbeam frame 242, and the second gripper 241 can be translated to the outside of the second frame 21, so that the brick stacks gripped by the second gripper 241 can be stacked on the bottom surface. By the horizontal movement of the fourth crossbeam frame 243, the second gripper 241 can be adjusted to switch between the two conveying platforms 2311, and the brick layer grouped on one conveying platform 2311 can be transferred to another conveying platform 2311, and then the second gripper 241 can grasp and transfer the bricks to the ground or a pallet at one time for stacking in the height direction, which can improve the efficiency of the stacking assembly 24. The lifting mechanism can drive the second gripper 241 to rise or fall, so as to transfer the grasped brick stacks from one conveying platform 2311 to another conveying platform 2311, and also transfer them to the bottom surface for stacking in the height direction.

[0095] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0096] The brick stack out of the kiln is transferred to the carrying platform 12 by the brick stack gripper 34 on the conveying mechanism 3, and the fixed frame 16 moves downward along the first frame 11 so that the fixed frame 16 is sleeved on the top of the brick stack. When the end face of the brick of the lower layer faces the first clamping plate 141, the side face of the brick of the lower layer faces the second clamping plate 143. At this time, the first clamping cylinder 142 drives the first clamping plate 141 to translate, and the two groups of first clamping plates 141 translate relative to each other, and at the same time clamp the two end faces of the brick to eliminate the gap between the end faces of the brick, thereby realizing the bricks being clamped to each other in the length direction. At this time, the second clamping plate 143, driven by the second clamping cylinder 144, slightly translates, and only supports the outermost brick side of the lower brick, without performing a translational extrusion action. After the lower brick is stabilized and clamped by the first clamping plate 141 and the second clamping plate 143, the lower brick remains stationary on the horizontal plane. At this time, the first plate 1501 corresponds to the brick side of the upper brick, and the second plate 1502 corresponds to the brick end face of the upper brick. The first push cylinder 1511 drives the first plate 1501 to translate, and the second push cylinder 1512 drives the second plate 1502 to translate. Translation, since the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 are arranged on an inclined surface relative to each other, the upper part of the first plate 1501 and the second plate 1502 first contact the upper part of the brick, that is, the first plate 1501 contacts the upper part of the side of the brick, and the second plate 1502 contacts the upper part of the end face of the brick. When pushing the brick, the upper brick and the lower brick can be easily separated by lever principle, avoiding the upper brick and the lower brick being separated by horizontal friction shear, causing defects or bonding problems between bricks, and improving the surface quality of shale bricks after stacking. The upper bricks after separation are transferred to the stacking assembly 23 by the transfer assembly 22 for grouping and aligning, and the horizontal brick layers are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction by the stacking assembly 23 to group multiple horizontal brick layers. The stacking assembly 24 stacks the grouped and aligned horizontal brick layers in the height direction, which is convenient for subsequent transfer to the production site for use.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine, comprising a brick unloading mechanism (1) and a stacking mechanism (2), characterized in that: The brick unloading mechanism (1) comprises a first frame (11), a carrying platform (12) and a brick distributing assembly (13), wherein: The bearing platform (12) is arranged in the first frame (11) and is used for bearing the brick stack; The brick separation assembly (13) is arranged on the first frame (11) above the carrying platform (12) and is used to separate the upper bricks from the lower bricks of the brick stack on the carrying platform (12). The brick separation assembly (13) comprises a brick supporting device (14) and a closing device (15), wherein: The brick supporting device (14) is used to stabilize and fix the lower layer of bricks; The closing device (15) comprises a push plate (150) for enclosing the upper bricks and a driving element (151) for driving the push plate (150) to move in translation, and the push plate (150) is arranged to be inclined toward the brick stack; The palletizing mechanism (2) comprises a second frame (21), a transfer assembly (22), a palletizing assembly (23) and a stacking assembly (24), wherein: The second frame (21) is arranged on one side of the first frame (11); A stacking assembly (23) is arranged on the second frame (21) and is used to group and align the brick stack layers; A transfer assembly (22) is used to sequentially transfer the brick stack layers separated by the brick unloading mechanism (1) to the stacking assembly (23); A stacking assembly (24) is used to stack neatly stacked brick layers in a longitudinal direction; The machine also comprises a conveying mechanism (3), the conveying mechanism (3) comprising a main frame (31), a first crossbeam frame (32), a second crossbeam frame (33) and a brick pile gripper (34), the main frame (31) being arranged on a side of the first frame (11) away from the second frame (21), the first crossbeam frame (32) being arranged horizontally on the top of the main frame (31) along the length direction of the main frame (31) and being movable up and down along the main frame (31), the second crossbeam frame (33) being arranged on the first crossbeam frame (32), the second crossbeam frame (33) and the first crossbeam frame (32) being perpendicular to each other and extending horizontally toward the side of the main frame (31) away from the first frame (11), the brick pile gripper (34) being arranged vertically on the second crossbeam frame (33), and a linear module (35) being arranged between the brick pile gripper (34) and the second crossbeam frame (33) and between the first crossbeam frame (32) and the second crossbeam frame (33); The brick-splitting assembly (13) further comprises a fixed frame (16), the fixed frame (16) being arranged on a first frame (11) above the carrying platform (12) and being movable up and down along the first frame (11), the brick-supporting device (14) and the closing device (15) being arranged on the fixed frame (16), and the closing device (15) being located directly above the brick-supporting device (14); The brick supporting device (14) comprises a first clamping plate (141), a first clamping cylinder (142), a second clamping plate (143) and a second clamping cylinder (144), wherein: A first clamping plate (141) is arranged on the inner side of a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame (16); A first clamping cylinder (142) is arranged outside the fixed frame (16) and is used to drive the first clamping plate (141) to translate; A second clamping plate (143) is arranged on the inner side of another set of opposite sides of the fixed frame (16); A second clamping cylinder (144) is arranged outside the fixed frame (16) and is used to drive the second clamping plate (143) to translate; The push plate (150) includes a first plate member (1501) and a second plate member (1502), wherein the first plate member (1501) is arranged on the inner side of a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame (16), and the second plate member (1502) is arranged on the inner side of another set of opposite sides of the fixed frame (16), the first plate member (1501) is located directly above the first clamping plate (141), and the second plate member (1502) is located directly above the second clamping plate (143); The driving element (151) comprises a first horizontal push cylinder (1511) and a second horizontal push cylinder (1512), wherein the first horizontal push cylinder (1511) is fixedly arranged on the outside of a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame (16) and is used to drive the first plate (1501) to translate, and the second horizontal push cylinder (1512) is fixedly arranged on the outside of another set of opposite sides of the fixed frame (16) and is used to drive the second plate (1502) to translate; The distance from the top surface of the first plate (1501) to the inner side surface of the fixed frame (16) is greater than the distance from the bottom surface of the first plate (1501) to the inner side surface of the fixed frame (16); The distance from the top surface of the second plate (1502) to the inner side surface of the fixed frame (16) is greater than the distance from the bottom surface of the second plate (1502) to the inner side surface of the fixed frame (16); The inclination angles of the first plate (1501) and the second plate (1502) are both 1° to 20°.

2. The shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of brick supporting devices (14) and closing devices (15) are arranged in the fixed frame (16), wherein the two groups of brick supporting devices and the two groups of closing devices are arranged horizontally side by side on the fixed frame (16), and the closing devices are located directly above the brick supporting devices; The stacking assembly (23) comprises a conveying frame (231) and a brick shifting device (232), wherein the conveying frame (231) is fixedly arranged on the second frame (21), one end of the conveying frame (231) in the length direction is directly opposite to the brick dividing assembly (13), two conveying platforms (2311) are arranged side by side on the conveying frame (231) along the length direction, and the brick shifting device comprises a pushing member (2321) and a first driving mechanism (2322), the pushing member (2321) is slidably arranged at one end of the conveying frame (231) close to the first frame (11), and the first driving mechanism (2322) is used to drive the pushing member (2321) to move toward the other end of the conveying frame (231), so that the brick layers on the conveying platform (2311) are neatly stacked.

3. The shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The brick-moving device also includes a mounting frame (2323), a rotating cylinder (2324) and a connecting rod (2325); slide rails are fixedly arranged at both ends of the conveying frame (231) in the length direction; the mounting frame (2323) is slidably arranged on the slide rails; one end of the connecting rod (2325) is fixedly connected to the end of the pushing member (2321); the other end of the connecting rod (2325) is hingedly connected to one end of the mounting frame (2323) close to the first frame (11); the fixed end of the rotating cylinder (2324) is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame (2323); and the telescopic end of the rotating cylinder (2324) is hingedly connected to the connecting rod (2325).

4. The shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transfer assembly (22) comprises a transfer frame (221), a grabbing device (222) and a second driving mechanism (223); the bottom end of the transfer frame (221) is slidably arranged at one end of the length direction of the conveying frame (231); the second driving mechanism (223) is used to drive the transfer frame (221) to translate along the length direction of the conveying frame (231); the grabbing device (222) is arranged at the top end of the transfer frame (221); the grabbing device (222) comprises two first grippers (2221), a connecting plate (2222), a column (2223), a first gear rack mechanism (2224), a motor (2225), a main gear (2226) and a gear plate (2227), two first grippers (2221) are rotatably arranged at the bottom of both ends of the connecting plate (2222) respectively through the gear plate (2227), and the first grippers (2221) are directly opposite to the bearing platform (12), the motor (2225) is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate (2222), the motor (2225) is meshedly connected with the gear plate (2227) through the main gear (2226), the column (2223) is vertically fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate (2222), and the top of the transfer frame (221) is connected to the column (2223) through the first gear rack mechanism (2224).

5. The shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stacking assembly (23) further comprises a reversing plate (233) and a lifting and rotating mechanism (234); the reversing plate (233) is arranged at one end of one of the conveying platforms (2311) close to the first frame (11); and the lifting and rotating mechanism (234) is arranged at the bottom of the conveying frame (231) and is used to drive the reversing plate (233) to translate and rotate up and down.

6. The shale brick unloading and stacking integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stacking assembly (24) comprises a second gripper (241), a third beam frame (242) and a fourth beam frame (243); the third beam frame (242) is slidably arranged on the second frame (21) and can be translated along the length direction of the conveying frame (231); a second gear rack mechanism (244) for driving the third beam frame (242) to translate is arranged between the third beam frame (242) and the second frame (21); the fourth beam frame (243) is slidably arranged on the third beam frame (242) ), and can be translated along the width direction of the conveying frame (231); a third gear rack mechanism (245) for driving the fourth beam frame (243) to translate is arranged between the fourth beam frame (243) and the third beam frame (242); the second gripper (241) is horizontally arranged below the fourth beam frame (243) and is used to grip the neatly stacked brick layers on the conveying platform (2311); and a lifting mechanism for driving the second gripper (241) to translate up and down is arranged on the fourth beam frame (243).

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