Worm hubs, centrifuge worms and full-shell worm centrifuges

Abstract

A worm hub for a centrifugal separator worm, which extends along a longitudinal axis and has a longitudinal section with an opening structure, the opening structure being composed of a plurality of wing elements, which define a plurality of openings for allowing a medium to pass through, which are arranged radially outwardly on the longitudinal section with respect to the longitudinal axis and constitute the periphery of the longitudinal section, each two wing elements constitute a wing pair, the wing pair defines the opening, the two wing elements of the wing pair extend in the longitudinal direction and transversely to the longitudinal direction, or the first wing elements of the wing pair extend in the longitudinal direction respectively and the second wing element of the wing pair extends transversely to the longitudinal direction; the wing elements of the wing pair are integrally formed by casting with each other, the wing pair has at least two end-side connecting areas, and the wing elements are connected to each other by material locking via the connecting areas; the wing pair includes an inner side and an outer side, the inner side and the outer side respectively have a radius toward the opening, and the radius of the inner side is larger than the radius of the outer side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a worm hub, a centrifugal separator worm and a full-shell worm centrifugal separator. For example, a worm hub is known from WO 2016 / 019944 A1. Background Art

[0002] Full-shell worm centrifuges are characterized by a drum with a closed shell or a full shell. The drum rotates at a high speed, whereby a multiphase mixture in the drum can be separated into at least one heavy phase and one light phase. The heavy phase is generally a solid phase, which is conveyed out of the drum by means of a worm, i.e. a centrifuge worm. For this purpose, the worm is rotatably mounted in the drum relative to the drum and has a worm screw. The worm screw is arranged around a worm hub.

[0003] The worm screw passes along the inner side or the inner shell surface of the drum and thus conveys the heavy phase to the axial end area of ​​the drum. At the end of the drum, the heavy phase is conveyed away, for example, from a discharge cone. The multiphase mixture to be clarified is thus located between the inner side of the drum and the worm hub.

[0004] In certain full-shell screw centrifuges, large pool depths are sought, especially for reasons of clarification technology. However, the pool depth is limited by the diameter of the screw hub and the buoyancy and sedimentation effects of the mixture to be clarified or the light phase which occur there.

[0005] A full-shell worm centrifuge is known from WO 2016 / 019944 A1 mentioned at the beginning, which has a worm hub having a cylindrical section with a grid structure. A worm screw is arranged on the outside of the worm hub. The grid structure is essentially composed of longitudinal bars, so that the medium to be clarified can flow through the openings between the longitudinal bars in the drum space or the separation space. This grid structure (which is composed only of longitudinal bars) disadvantageously has insufficient torsional rigidity. In addition, high centrifugal forces act on the longitudinal bars during operation, which adversely affects the operating characteristics of the worm hub. In addition, the longitudinal bars only provide a small area on their outer side to weld the worm screw to the grid structure.

[0006] In order to increase the rigidity of the worm hub according to WO 2016 / 019944 A1, reinforcements in the form of inclined struts are used inside the cylindrical section. The inclined struts can only be installed with high alignment and welding complexity, thereby increasing the overall costs associated with the production of the worm hub. Due to the arrangement of the inclined struts inside the cylindrical section, the worm hub also has a poor material utilization. Summary of the invention

[0007] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a worm hub for a centrifugal worm, which has increased rigidity and improved flow characteristics due to an improved structural design and can be manufactured in a simplified manner. In addition, the object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal worm and a full-shell worm centrifuge.

[0008] The object is achieved by a worm hub for a centrifugal worm, which extends along a longitudinal axis and has at least one longitudinal section with an opening structure. The opening structure is formed by a plurality of fin elements, which define a plurality of openings for passing a medium. The fin elements are arranged radially outside the longitudinal section with respect to the longitudinal axis and form the periphery of the longitudinal section. Every two fin elements form a fin pair, which defines at least one opening, wherein the two fin elements of the fin pair extend in the longitudinal direction and transversely to the longitudinal direction, or the first fin element of the fin pair extends in the longitudinal direction and the second fin element of the fin pair extends transversely to the longitudinal direction; the fin elements of the fin pair are formed integrally with each other by casting; the fin pair has at least two end-side connection areas, via which the fin elements are connected to each other in a material-locked manner; the fin pair comprises an inner side and an outer side, which each have a radius toward the opening, wherein the radius of the inner side is greater than the radius of the outer side.

[0009] The medium may be, for example, a two-phase mixture or a three-phase mixture.

[0010] The opening structure can also be referred to as an open wall structure. The terms “open structure” and / or “open wall structure” are intended to indicate that the wall structure has a large number of openings and / or an overall large opening area in a longitudinal section of the worm hub.

[0011] A web element is to be understood as a volume which extends essentially along its own longitudinal axis or web longitudinal axis.

[0012] In a variant of the worm hub according to the invention, the two web elements of the web pair extend in the longitudinal direction and transversely to the longitudinal direction. In other words, the two web elements of the web pair extend obliquely, in particular at an angle, with respect to the longitudinal direction. The individual web elements are therefore arranged such that the longitudinal axis of the web element extends at a defined angle to the longitudinal direction of the worm hub. In other words, in this variant, the web elements do not extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub.

[0013] In another, in particular alternative, variant of the worm hub according to the invention, the first of the two web elements extends in the longitudinal direction, and the second of the two web elements extends transversely to the longitudinal direction. In other words, the first web element extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub, and the second web element extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub. Here, the second web element can be arranged obliquely, in particular at an angle, with respect to the longitudinal direction. The second web element extends at a defined angle relative to the longitudinal direction of the worm hub. In the other variant, the second web element does not extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub. It is possible that the second web element extends at right angles, in particular orthogonally, to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub in the circumferential direction.

[0014] The longitudinal section can be substantially cylindrical. The two splice elements of the splice pair can be arranged converging or diverging from each other in the longitudinal direction. The opening structure is composed of a plurality of splice elements. In other words, the opening structure is composed of a plurality of splice pairs. The splice elements of the splice pair can form a periphery over the entire splice length. Preferably, the splice elements extend only in the peripheral region of the longitudinal section. As a result, the interior space of the longitudinal section remains free of interfering objects, thereby improving the flow characteristics in the region of the longitudinal section and in particular in the region of the inlet zone of the medium to be clarified.

[0015] In the context of the invention, the longitudinal direction corresponds to a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub. A direction transverse to the longitudinal direction or a transverse direction is understood to be a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub along the circumference of the longitudinal section.

[0016] The invention has various advantages. Since the opening structure of the longitudinal section is formed according to the invention from a plurality of web elements and has a plurality of openings, a large sump depth can be formed in the associated full-shell screw centrifuge.

[0017] Due to the longitudinal extension and / or transverse extension of the open-structured web elements, the longitudinal section and therefore the worm hub have increased torsional and bending rigidity. This is particularly advantageous when using a worm hub in a full-shell worm centrifuge, which has a larger longitudinal extension, because the entire system thereby has increased rigidity.

[0018] Furthermore, the worm hub according to the invention can achieve an increased length / diameter ratio due to the high rigidity of the open structure, since imbalances occurring in particular in a twin-rotor system have a lower influence on the operating characteristics and thus on the machine vibrations due to the increased rigidity of the entire system. Furthermore, the worm hub according to the invention has a high stability during operation in the event of forces occurring due to buoyancy effects and sedimentation effects of the medium to be clarified.

[0019] Furthermore, possible reinforcement elements or inclined struts in the interior of the longitudinal section are eliminated by the extension of the web elements in the longitudinal direction and / or in the transverse direction. The worm hub has a reduced weight, thereby reducing the centrifugal loads during operation. Furthermore, the worm hub is simplified in terms of production, since the complex alignment and welding of the reinforcement elements are omitted. This has the further advantage that deformations, for example due to welding, as well as internal material and component stresses are reduced during the production of the worm hub. As a result, production tolerances can be maintained with little effort. Furthermore, the operating characteristics of the worm hub are advantageously improved.

[0020] By eliminating the reinforcing elements, an unhindered entry or sinking of the medium into the pool is achieved, in particular in the region of the inlet zone of the medium. The worm hub according to the invention thus has improved flow characteristics. It is generally possible that the longitudinal section with the open structure can at least partially sink into the medium, in particular into the pool, during operation. Alternatively, the longitudinal section of the worm hub can also be located outside the pool during operation. In other words, the worm hub can also prevent the longitudinal section from sinking into the pool.

[0021] According to the invention, however, the opening structure of the longitudinal section is optimized so that, due to the position of the web elements or web pairs, in the circumferential region of the longitudinal section, the highest possible proportion of the opening structure cross section is spaced apart from the longitudinal axis forming the axis of rotation of the worm hub. The worm hub has a high surface moment of inertia, particularly in the region of the longitudinal section.

[0022] The present invention has another advantage that the web elements for the worm screw arranged radially on the outside form a surrounding, in particular separate bearing area. Thus, the connection of the worm screw to the web elements or the opening structure can be achieved, for example, by welding.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the web elements of the web pair partially or completely surround the opening. In other words, the web elements of the web pair partially or completely define the opening. The web elements can together form a contour of the web pair, which is open toward one side of the web pair. Preferably, the two web elements form an inherently closed contour of the web pair. This has the advantage that the individual web pairs and therefore the entire longitudinal section of the worm hub have increased torsional and bending stiffness.

[0024] Preferably, the opening is constructed between the two fin elements. Alternatively or additionally, each fin element of two adjacent fin pairs can partially or completely define the opening between them. In other words, an opening for the medium can be formed inside the fin pair and between the two fin pairs.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the web elements of the web pair are constructed separately from each other or in one piece. The web elements can be constructed as a single element. Here, the web elements can be composed of a single rod respectively. Alternatively, the web pair can be composed of one piece. The web elements can be made of a casting. In other words, the web elements of the web pair are connected to each other in a material-locked manner. The web pair can be constructed in one piece by precision casting. Alternatively, the web elements of the web pair can also be connected to each other in one piece by welding. A variety of different shapes and web pair geometries can be achieved by the separate design of the web pair. This increases the variety of variations when designing the worm hub. The one-piece design of the web pair has the following special advantage, namely, the increased rigidity of the web pair is caused by the self-closed contour.

[0026] Preferably, the tab elements are arranged so that the tab pair is triangular in shape. In other words, the tab elements of the tab pair can form a triangle. The triangle can be open or closed. More specifically, the triangle can partially or completely surround the opening. Thus, the triangle can have an open profile or a closed profile. It is possible that the tab elements are alternatively arranged so that the tab pair has a trapezoidal shape. In general, the tab pair can also be configured to be at least partially circular, in particular arc-shaped.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the web pair comprises an inner side and an outer side, each of which has a radius toward the opening, wherein the radius of the inner side is greater than the radius of the outer side. In other words, the web pair can be rounded toward the opening on the outer side and the inner side, wherein the rounded portion on the inner side has a larger radius than the rounded portion on the outer side. Here, the opening is formed between two web elements of the web pair. The large radius on the inner side of the web pair advantageously facilitates the passage of the medium, thereby reducing the deposition of the medium or the mixture, for example a two-phase mixture or a three-phase mixture, during operation.

[0028] The inner side of the web pair faces the longitudinal axis of the worm hub or the inner space of the longitudinal section. The outer side of the web pair faces away from the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal section or the inner space. In other words, the outer side of the web pair faces the inner side of the drum in the installed state of the worm hub.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the web pairs each have a surface on the inside and outside, wherein the surface on the outside is larger than the surface on the inside. Specifically, each web element has a surface on the inside and / or outside. The outside surface preferably forms part of the periphery, for example for contact with the worm screw. The large outside surface has the advantage that the largest possible area is available for fixing the worm screw. In particular, the worm screw can be welded more easily to a web pair or a plurality of web pairs.

[0030] Preferably, the inner and / or outer sides of the web pairs are configured to be arched, in particular curved and / or flat. The web pairs can be configured to be arched inwardly and / or outwardly. In other words, the inner and / or outer sides of the web pairs can be configured to be convex. Preferably, the web pairs are arched outwardly on the outer side. Particularly preferably, the web pairs are arched outwardly in such a way that the worm screw can be placed flatly on the outer surface. Alternatively or additionally, the web pairs can be configured to be flat on the inner and / or outer sides. It is advantageous here to provide a constant, as large as possible bearing surface for improved contact with the worm screw or worm blades.

[0031] Further preferably, the tab pair has at least two end-side connecting regions, via which the tab elements are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. The end-side connecting regions connect the two tab elements of the tab pair to one another at their respective ends. The connecting region can be part of the tab elements, that is, it can be constructed in one piece with these tab elements. Advantageously, this results in an inherently closed contour of the tab pair that surrounds the opening.

[0032] The end connection areas can be arranged opposite each other in the longitudinal direction. The connection areas can be configured to be different in size. In particular, when the web pairs are configured as triangles, the first connection area connects the web elements at the pointed ends of the triangle, and the second connection area connects the web elements at the spread, in particular wide ends of the triangle.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting regions each have at least one through-opening, via which the web pair is connected to at least one hub element, in particular a transverse disk, a bearing sleeve or a worm cone or another web pair. The through-opening can be a bore. Preferably, the first connecting region has a single through-opening and / or the second connecting region has at least two through-openings. The web pairs can be connected in a simple manner via these through-openings in order to form an opening structure of the longitudinal section.

[0034] The web pair can be connected to the hub element, in particular the transverse disk, the bearing sleeve or the worm cone or the other web pair by material locking and / or force locking. Specifically, the web pair can be connected to the hub element, in particular the transverse disk, the bearing sleeve or the worm cone or the other web pair by welding and / or by screwing. In the case of a force-locking connection of the web pair, in particular by screwing to the hub element or the other web pair, the corresponding web pair can be easily and quickly released, for example due to wear, and thus replaced. In addition, this connection of the web pair makes it possible to achieve a modular structure of the opening structure, whereby worm hubs of different structural sizes or lengths can be easily manufactured.

[0035] The web pairs can be provided with wear protection. Here, at least one metal layer can be arranged at least partially on the web pairs. For example, the metal layer can be welded on each web pair, in particular on the inside and / or outside. This advantageously increases the service life of each web pair and thus increases the service life of the worm hub.

[0036] Preferably, the web elements of the web pair have a cross section between the two connecting areas, which is substantially constant in the longitudinal direction of the web element or along the longitudinal axis. In other words, each web element has a constant, especially identical cross section between the two connecting areas over its length. The cross section of the web element can be circular, especially circular, oval and / or elliptical, and / or angular, especially triangular, quadrilateral and / or X-shaped. Other unmentioned cross sections of the web element are possible. The cross section of the web element is constructed with as little material as possible, taking into account the required high rigidity.

[0037] In one embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal section has at least one web section, which consists of a plurality of web pairs, which are connected to each other in the longitudinal direction of the worm hub and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction. Preferably, the web pairs of the web section are arranged evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The web pairs can be arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, for example rotated by 180 degrees. In this case, the web pairs are spaced apart from each other.

[0038] The web segments can be designed to be annular or elongated in the axial direction. The web pairs can be connected to each other in the circumferential direction by individual connecting webs. It is possible that web pairs adjacent in the longitudinal direction and / or in the transverse direction are directly or indirectly connected to each other. By forming web segments, the worm hub can be constructed in any modular manner. This significantly increases the variety of variants of the worm hub.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal section has a plurality of web sections of the web sections, which are arranged along the longitudinal axis and connected to one another via transverse disks located therebetween, wherein web pairs of the web sections are coupled to the transverse disks. The web pairs of two adjacent web sections can be arranged alternately in opposition, in particular in an alternating rotation. The transverse disks can be designed to be closed, in particular without through-openings, or to be open or to have concentric bores. The web pairs are supported axially by the transverse disks.

[0040] In general, the worm hub according to the present invention may also have a solid discharge side section (which is configured as a conical section, for example) and a support section in addition to the longitudinal section. Here, the longitudinal section is arranged between the section on the solid discharge side and the support section. All three sections are located on a common longitudinal axis, which also forms the axis of rotation of the worm hub. In order to connect the individual web sections to each other, a transverse disk is arranged between the web sections. Here, the individual web pairs can be connected to the corresponding transverse disk at the end side, in particular through corresponding connecting areas, by material locking and / or force locking. As described above, by constructing the longitudinal section with the help of web sections, a modular construction of the worm hub can be achieved and the variety of variations can be increased. In addition, this type of web section can be replaced simply and quickly when wear occurs.

[0041] A parallel aspect of the invention relates to a worm hub for a centrifuge worm, the worm hub extending along a longitudinal axis and having at least one longitudinal section formed by a tube, wherein a plurality of openings for passing a medium are formed in the tube, in particular in the tube wall. The openings each have a longitudinal extension which is greater than the width of the respective opening, the openings being formed so as to be distributed helically in the circumferential direction.

[0042] Compared to WO 2016 / 019944 A1 described at the outset, the worm hub according to another aspect has the advantage that it can be manufactured simply and cost-effectively. Basically, the opening in the tube wall can be constructed by mechanical processing. Alternatively, the opening can be formed by laser cutting. Advantageously, the welding effort during manufacturing is significantly reduced and the worm hub has a high stability. In addition, based on this embodiment of the worm hub, for example, a large and continuous bearing surface is provided for the worm screw. This advantageously enables the automation of subsequent work steps when manufacturing the worm or centrifuge worm.

[0043] The medium may be, for example, a two-phase mixture or a three-phase mixture.

[0044] In one embodiment of an alternative aspect of the invention, the openings are configured to be distributed helically or volutely in the circumferential direction.

[0045] Due to the spiral arrangement of the openings, two spirals or vortices are formed on this basis. The first spiral or vortex has openings spaced apart from one another. The second spiral or vortex is formed between the first spirals or vortex and comprises the tube solid material. The second spiral or vortex serves in particular as a contact surface and / or a fixing surface for the worm screw.

[0046] The longitudinal section can be constructed in one piece. Due to the one-piece construction, only small stresses occur. Advantageously, no or only a small number of welds are required to form the longitudinal section. This improves the concentricity of the worm hub.

[0047] The opening can have, for example, the shape of a parallelogram.

[0048] What applies to all worm hubs according to the invention is that the described longitudinal section can be a complete cylindrical longitudinal section of the worm hub or only a section of the cylindrical longitudinal section.

[0049] For example, it is possible that the longitudinal section with the opening structure is formed between two further longitudinal sections with a closed wall structure. It is also possible that the longitudinal section with the opening structure is formed between a section with a closed wall structure and a solids discharge-side section of the worm hub.

[0050] A further, parallel aspect of the invention relates to a centrifuge screw having a worm hub according to the invention and a worm screw which is arranged circumferentially on the worm hub.

[0051] A further, parallel aspect of the invention relates to a full-shell worm centrifuge having a centrifuge worm of the type described above and / or a worm hub according to the invention.

[0052] With regard to the centrifuge worm and full-shell worm centrifuge, reference is made to the advantages explained in connection with the worm hub. Furthermore, the centrifuge worm and / or full-shell worm centrifuge may alternatively or additionally have a single or a combination of a plurality of the features previously described with regard to the worm hub.

[0053] It is possible that the worm hub according to the invention and / or the centrifuge worm according to the invention has a further improved inflow region. An inflow tube with an inflow tube opening opens into the inflow region, wherein a collision element, in particular a collision disk, with an acceleration element is configured opposite the inflow tube opening. The acceleration element is configured such that a medium impinging on the acceleration element can be accelerated in the direction of the opening of the worm hub. The opening in this case is an opening formed based on an opening structure.

[0054] Since the worm hub at least partially has a longitudinal section with an opening structure according to the invention, a large pool depth can be formed in the associated full-shell worm centrifuge. Since the inflow region is not designed as an inflow chamber with a corresponding solid and mostly closed wall as in the conventional sense, but is formed, for example, itself by the opening structure of the worm hub, the opening of the worm hub itself can be used as the opening of the inflow region.

[0055] In other words, the inflow area of ​​the centrifuge worm at least partially includes the inflow pipe, wherein at least the section of the inflow pipe with the inflow pipe opening is configured as a component of the inflow area of ​​the centrifuge worm. The collision element is preferably configured as a collision disk. Such a collision disk can also be referred to as a closing disk. Based on the acceleration element formed on the collision element, pre-acceleration of the medium to be processed can be achieved.

[0056] The acceleration element preferably has a collision surface which is arranged obliquely to the axis of rotation. Due to the acceleration element designed in this way, the medium which impinges on the collision element or the acceleration element can be carefully pre-accelerated with relatively low turbulence.

[0057] The opening structure of the worm hub or the surrounding geometry of the opening of the worm hub and the open liquid surface can always be carefully received in the longitudinal direction and in the circumferential direction compared to a tube structure with only separate inlet openings. However, with the insertion of the acceleration element, the speed difference when the medium hits is reduced again in a positive way.

[0058] The medium is accelerated towards the opening of the worm hub. The medium then passes through the free space into the drum interior or separation space as the worm hub rotates.

[0059] According to the invention, the turbulence known from the prior art which occurs in connection with the flow of the medium which flows into the inflow chamber and subsequently reaches the interior of the drum can be dampened and the energy losses reduced.

[0060] The solid wall known from inlet chambers of standard design is omitted in the inflow region according to the invention and is formed, for example, by longitudinal bars and / or web elements and / or openings and / or material recesses.

[0061] In addition to improving the pre-acceleration of the medium to be processed, the inflow region according to the invention also promotes better mixing of additives. These additives can be, for example, precipitants or coagulants.

[0062] The size or penetration surface of the opening is preferably determined based on the spacing formed between the web elements or the opening edges. In another embodiment of the invention, the size or penetration surface of the free space is formed by the size and shape of the longitudinal slot of the worm hub.

[0063] The accelerating element is basically configured as a projection, which points in the direction of the inflow pipe opening. It is possible that the projection is arranged on a disk or a plate. The disk or the plate can be configured to be flat or arched.

[0064] The projection can form an independent component together with the disk or plate, which can be manufactured separately from the crash element, in particular the crash disk. This makes it easier, for example, to equip the crash element with an acceleration element afterwards.

[0065] In another embodiment of the invention, it is possible for the projection to be fastened directly to the crash element, in particular to the crash disk. This allows material savings.

[0066] In one embodiment of the invention, the accelerating element has struts, which are arranged in particular in a cross-shaped manner. It is also conceivable that a plurality of struts form a star shape in a top view of the accelerating element. In this embodiment of the invention, the projection is formed by the arrangement of the struts.

[0067] In one embodiment of the invention, the height of the struts can increase towards the intersection of the struts.The height of the struts is to be understood as the relative distance to the crash element, in particular to the crash disk or, if configured, to a separate disk or plate.

[0068] Preferably, the acceleration element is arranged on the collision element so that the intersection and / or the highest point of the acceleration element is aligned with the collision element, especially the midpoint of the collision disk. In other words, the intersection and / or the highest point of the acceleration element are arranged on the longitudinal axis of the centrifuge worm.

[0069] In another or alternative embodiment of the present invention, the acceleration element can be configured as a protrusion extending from the collision element and pointing in the direction of the inlet pipe opening. The protrusion has a plurality of radial edges. The radial edge should be understood as an edge that extends from a central point arranged in the middle in the direction toward the collision element. Preferably, the radial edges are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the protrusion or are evenly spaced from each other.

[0070] Furthermore, channels can be formed between the edges, wherein the channels can have a rotating course. As soon as the medium strikes such an accelerating element, the medium is deflected and accelerated along the channel in the direction of the collision element and in the direction of the free space. In other words, the channels and / or the edges are evenly distributed on the projection.

[0071] The acceleration element can be designed as a projection protruding from the collision element in the direction of the inlet pipe opening, which has a plurality of (eg four) collision surfaces arranged obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the inlet region. The longitudinal axis of the inlet region is in particular the rotation axis of the centrifuge worm.

[0072] The impact surfaces can be arranged relative to one another, for example, in such a way that the projection has a pyramidal shape. The pyramid tip can in particular be designed to taper.

[0073] In another embodiment of the invention, a plurality of inclined struts are fixed to the crash element, in particular to the crash disk, which stabilize the worm hub. One end of the stabilizing inclined strut can be formed on the crash element. The other end can be fixed, for example, to another transverse disk of the centrifuge worm or to an end disk of the centrifuge worm.

[0074] In a further embodiment of the invention, the worm hub according to the invention and / or the centrifuge worm according to the invention can have a further improved transverse disk.

[0075] Such a transverse disk is designed such that at least one opening is formed at least partially on at least 75% of all imaginary circumferential lines of the transverse disk from the center point to the circumference of the transverse disk. The imaginary circumferential lines are all circumferential lines that can be formed in the radial extension between the center point and the circumference of the transverse disk.

[0076] Preferably, in the theoretical or imaginary configuration between the circumferential lines, only a spacing of 5 mm, in particular 2 mm, in particular 1 mm, in particular 0.5 mm is configured. In this observation of the circumferential lines, the spacing between the circumferential lines is preferably configured to be equally large.

[0077] A transverse disk of a centrifuge worm is understood to be a disk which is designed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub. The transverse disk serves to stabilize a worm hub which has an open structure or has a plurality of openings. The transverse disk can also be referred to as a support disk.

[0078] Starting from the center point in the direction of the circumference of the transverse disk, the transverse disk has imaginary circumferential lines. Openings or sections of openings are at least partially formed on at least 75% of all imaginary circumferential lines.

[0079] In other words, at least one opening or at least one partial section of an opening is formed at least partially beyond the respective diameter over at least 75% of the entire diameter range of the transverse disk. In other words, at least one opening or at least one partial section of an opening is formed at least partially beyond the respective diameter over at least 75% of all diameters of the transverse disk.

[0080] In another embodiment of the invention, at least one opening or at least one partial section of an opening is formed at least partially beyond the respective diameter over at least 85% of the entire diameter range of the transverse disk. In other words, at least one opening or at least one partial section of an opening is formed at least partially beyond the respective diameter over at least 85% of all diameters of the transverse disk.

[0081] In another embodiment of the invention, at least one opening or at least one partial section of an opening is formed at least partially beyond the respective diameter over at least 90% of the entire diameter range of the transverse disk. In other words, at least one opening or at least one partial section of an opening is formed at least partially beyond the respective diameter over at least 90% of all diameters of the transverse disk.

[0082] In another embodiment of the invention, at least one opening or at least one partial section of an opening is formed over the entire diameter of the transverse disk at least partially beyond the respective diameter. In other words, at least one opening or at least one partial section of an opening is formed over all diameters of the transverse disk at least partially beyond the respective diameter.

[0083] This configuration that the opening exceeds the diameter range of most of the transverse disk can realize that the liquid or centrate in the area of ​​the worm hub flows out well. At the same time, this transverse disk has enough rigidity, so that the transverse disk also causes the good stability of the worm hub.

[0084] In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter region of the transverse disk which defines the central opening in the middle of the transverse disk can be designed in particular without an opening. Such an opening-free section can utilize the additional stability of the transverse disk.

[0085] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, openings or sections of openings are at least partially formed on all imaginary circumferential lines of the transverse disk. In other words, at least one opening or at least one section of an opening is particularly preferably formed over the entire diameter of the transverse disk with respect to each diameter.

[0086] The transverse disk can be designed in such a way that the outflow of the liquid or the centrate occurs over the entire diameter of the transverse disk.

[0087] Preferably, the openings of the transverse disk are configured such that they have different geometries and / or opening sizes and / or arrangement patterns.

[0088] The geometry of the opening is to be understood as the shape of the opening. The transverse disk can have a plurality of openings having different geometries.

[0089] In other words, the opening size of an opening relates to the opening area through which a liquid can flow and / or flow out. The opening can have different sizes with regard to the opening size.

[0090] An arrangement pattern is to be understood as an arrangement of a plurality of openings, wherein at least two openings form an opening group, wherein a plurality of opening groups can be arranged distributed over the transverse disk. Furthermore, the transverse disk can have a group of openings, which group of openings forms a plurality of openings distributed uniformly over the transverse disk. Preferably, a group of openings consists of a plurality of openings of the same design. Openings of the same type are to be understood as openings having the same geometry and the same cross-sectional area.

[0091] In one embodiment of the invention, the transverse disk has a plurality of openings which are cam-shaped or oval or elliptical. Preferably, such openings are arranged in pairs. A pair of such openings thus forms an opening group. A plurality of such opening groups can in turn be arranged uniformly on the transverse disk.

[0092] A cam-shaped opening is understood to be an opening which has essentially the shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape, of a cam of a camshaft. In particular, such an opening has a steep cam shape. In other words, such an opening is formed by two circular segments, the center points of whose radii are located on the common mirror axis of the opening. The circular segments are in turn partially connected to one another by straight lines.

[0093] Furthermore, the openings can be designed to be oval or elliptical. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, two openings of this type are arranged relative to one another in such a way that they form an opening group.

[0094] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, every six openings are cam-shaped or oval or elliptical, wherein every two openings form an opening group. The three opening groups thus formed are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the transverse disk.

[0095] Furthermore, the transverse disk can have a plurality of openings, starting from the circumference of the transverse disk, which openings are designed as recesses in the circumference of the transverse disk.

[0096] The recesses are preferably of U-shaped design.

[0097] Preferably, such recesses, in particular U-shaped recesses, are again arranged in pairs. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the transverse disk has six such recesses, in particular six such U-shaped recesses. Two of these recesses form an opening group. The three opening groups thus formed are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction on the transverse disk. Preferably, the opening groups consisting of U-shaped recesses alternate with the opening groups consisting of cam-shaped openings in the circumferential direction.

[0098] Preferably, the U-shaped recess has such a length in the direction of the center point of the transverse disk that in the radial extension from the center point to the circumference of the transverse disk it lies at least partially on a circumferential line which coincides with the cam-shaped opening.

[0099] Furthermore, it is possible for the transverse disk to have a plurality of circular openings.

[0100] Preferably, the circular openings are arranged in pairs. In other words, two circular openings form an opening group.

[0101] Again preferably, six circularly configured openings are provided. Six such openings can form three groups of openings having a circular shape. These groups of openings are in turn arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction on the transverse disk.

[0102] It is also possible that the circularly configured openings are arranged as individual openings, that is to say not as a group of openings. It is also possible that the transverse disk has a plurality of different embodiments of the circularly configured openings. For example, the circularly configured openings of a first type can be arranged as a group of openings. The circularly configured openings of a second type can each be arranged as an individual opening.

[0103] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening groups formed by circular openings and the opening groups formed by U-shaped recesses are configured in the same circular segment. The opening groups with circular openings are configured inwardly, ie, inwardly in the direction of the center point.

[0104] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transverse disk is composed of six sectors, wherein every three sectors have an opening group with cam-shaped openings, and every three sectors have an opening group composed of U-shaped recesses and an opening group composed of circular openings. The sectors thus constructed are each constructed alternately.

[0105] On the circumference of the transverse disk, substantially semicircular recesses can preferably be formed, which are arranged evenly distributed. The in particular semicircular recesses can be used in particular to accommodate web elements that, for example, form a worm hub structure.

[0106] Furthermore, the recesses formed on the circumference of the transverse disk can have such a shape that a plurality of web elements of the opening structure of the worm hub engage or can engage in these recesses. Furthermore, the recesses formed on the circumference of the transverse disk can have such a shape that a tube wall section of the worm hub can engage in the recesses.

[0107] Furthermore, an opening can be formed at the center point of the transverse disk. The center point opening can have a circular shape with further circular segment-shaped recesses, in particular three circular segment-shaped recesses. A circular segment-shaped recess is understood to be a recess that is formed by a circular segment, wherein a circular segment is a partial surface of a circular surface defined by a circular arc and a chord.

[0108] Preferably, the circle-segment-shaped recesses, in particular three circle-segment-shaped recesses, are formed uniformly in the circumferential direction of a circle opening around the center point formed in this way.

[0109] In another embodiment of the invention, it is possible that the circle segment-shaped recesses, in particular the three circle segment-shaped recesses, are arranged in the transverse disk such that opening groups each consisting of two circular openings and circle segment-shaped recesses with a central opening alternate in the circumferential direction.

[0110] Preferably, three groups of openings each consisting of two circular openings and three circular segment-shaped recesses are provided. Preferably, at least one imaginary circumference of the transverse disk intersects both the circular segment-shaped recesses and the groups of openings each consisting of two circular openings.

[0111] In another embodiment of the present invention, the opening may also have a rhombus shape and / or a polygonal shape and / or an arch shape and / or a triangle or a quadrangle with at least partially curved sides.

[0112] The material of the transverse disk is formed between the individual openings of the transverse disk. This material is preferably made of metal.

[0113] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the openings are of such size and are arranged relative to one another that the material of the transverse disk is formed in the form of webs. The webs can be formed in a straight and / or curved manner. When forming the webs, a particularly favorable ratio of the size of the opening to the remaining material of the transverse disk is achieved.

[0114] It is possible to construct a plurality of further developed transverse disks in the worm hub. Furthermore, the transverse disks arranged in the worm hub can be constructed differently. It is possible that at least one of the constructed transverse disks is a further developed transverse disk, while the other transverse disks have another type of configuration. In particular, it is possible to separate different sections of the worm hub with closed transverse disks. Preferably, a closed transverse disk is constructed in the transition region to the solids discharge side section of the worm hub.

[0115] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the transverse disk forms an axial channel for the centrate produced in the full-shell screw centrifuge, independently of the sump depth formed in the drum of the full-shell screw centrifuge.

[0116] In other words, with the aid of the worm hub according to the invention and / or the full-shell worm centrifuge according to the invention, which has an improved transverse disk, it is effectively avoided that solid material accumulates in the drum, so that the openings or gaps that are standardly constructed on the circumference of the transverse disk are closed by the solid material.

[0117] On the contrary, the liquid / centrate can flow out freely due to the configuration of the transverse discs.According to the invention, an axial passage of the liquid / centrate is possible at every tank depth without losing the stability of the centrifuge screw.

[0118] In another embodiment of the present invention, the worm hub according to the present invention and / or the centrifuge worm according to the present invention can have a further improved shape on the solid discharge side section. In particular, the worm hub according to the present invention and / or the centrifuge worm according to the present invention can have an at least partially closed shape different from a simple cone.

[0119] The solid discharge side section preferably forms at least one end of the worm hub. In order to achieve improved solid discharge and correspondingly improved solid discharge properties in different fields of application or in different materials to be processed, the solid discharge side section can have an at least partially closed shape that differs from a simple cone.

[0120] This shape can be called a simple cone, which has the shape of a truncated cone in a longitudinal section of the worm hub. The shape of the truncated cone is formed due to the closed shell surface.

[0121] It is possible that the solids discharge side section is designed as a cylindrical section and / or a cylindrical tube section. Such a cylindrical section and / or a cylindrical tube section is understood in particular to be such a section having a tube, wherein the tube is fastened to the cylindrical longitudinal section, for example, by means of a connecting flange. In the following, such a cylindrical section is referred to as a tube, which is designed to be at least partially hollow.

[0122] By means of such an embodiment of the solids discharge-side section of the worm hub, it is possible to provide such a worm hub and thus such a centrifuge worm which contributes particularly advantageously to reducing constrictions in the direction of the solids discharge. Such constrictions are known in full-shell worm centrifuges. These constrictions are known in the transition region from the cylindrical longitudinal section to the discharge section.

[0123] The drum of a full-shell worm centrifuge usually has a conical shape in the section. By designing the cylindrical section and / or the cylindrical tube section, an increased volume is provided in the area of ​​the solids outlet or in the area of ​​the last residence path of the solids to be transported in the area of ​​the drum. Thus, the known constrictions are reduced. Based on this, high solids loads are transported during the processing of the material or medium to be separated at a certain time preset value.

[0124] Another advantage when the solids discharge side section is configured as a cylindrical section and / or a cylindrical tube section is that the solids are present in a loose form. This also applies to such solid materials that may have been compressed during processing. The loose solids thus form few agglomerates at the solids outlet and are present in a flowable form. Due to the reduced forces acting on the solids discharge side section, this embodiment is particularly low-wear.

[0125] The configuration of the cylindrical pipe section as a solids discharge side section is suitable for air when processing slurries with a high mineral content. With this embodiment of the solids discharge side section, the handling of abrasive media can also be carried out particularly carefully.

[0126] Since the worm hub additionally has a cylindrical longitudinal section with an open wall structure or an open structure, the worm hub can be sunk into the pool of the mixture to be clarified which surrounds the drum, wherein no adverse effects due to buoyancy occur during the sunken process.

[0127] With the aid of the screw hub according to the invention, on the one hand, large sump depths can be designed in conjunction with full-shell screw centrifuges, wherein at the same time an improvement is achieved in the region of the solids outlet.

[0128] It is possible for the cylindrical section and / or the cylindrical tube section to be designed in a stepped manner such that the cylindrical section and / or the cylindrical tube section has at least two sections with different diameters in the longitudinal direction of the worm hub.

[0129] By means of this stepped shape, a further improved reduction in the undesirable configuration of the narrow area can be achieved. At the same time, the solids to be transported and discharged can be further relaxed.

[0130] The at least two sections of the cylindrical section and / or cylindrical tube section are preferably arranged such that the section with the smaller or smallest diameter is spaced further from the cylindrical longitudinal section than the section of the cylindrical section and / or cylindrical tube section with the larger or largest diameter. The stepped configuration of the cylindrical section and / or cylindrical tube section preferably extends such that the diameter of the section decreases stepwise in the direction of the end side of the worm hub belonging to the solids discharge side section.

[0131] In another embodiment of the present invention, the solid discharge side section may have a double truncated cone shape.

[0132] The double truncated cone shape is preferably designed in such a way that the imaginary bases of the two truncated cones lie against one another.

[0133] The double truncated cone shape is preferably designed in such a way that the largest diameter of the double truncated cone is formed neither at the connecting section to the cylindrical longitudinal section nor at the end side of the worm hub which is associated with the solids discharge-side section.

[0134] The first covering surface of the first truncated cone in the shape of a double truncated cone is arranged in a connecting section and / or in a transition region to the cylindrical longitudinal section of the worm hub.

[0135] The second cover surface of the second double-truncated-cone shaped truncated cone is formed on the end face associated with the solids discharge-side section or is formed pointing in the direction of this end face.

[0136] It is possible that the truncated cones forming the double truncated cone shape have the same height. In this embodiment of the invention, the double truncated cone shape is designed to be axisymmetric. The axis of symmetry is formed in the region of the mutually overlapping bases of the two truncated cones.

[0137] In another embodiment of the invention, the truncated cones forming the double truncated cone shape have different heights. Preferably, the truncated cone configured adjacent to the cylindrical longitudinal section has a smaller height than the second truncated cone in the direction of the end face of the worm hub.

[0138] By means of the configuration of the solids discharge-side section in the form of a double truncated cone, fine material can be separated again better from the material to be processed and which has already been separated in phase.

[0139] Based on the double truncated cone-shaped configuration, a centrifuge screw of this type can also be configured with a smaller screw height and / or a smaller baffle height. For this, material associated with the screw and with the baffle that may be formed can be saved.

[0140] Furthermore, the aforementioned components of the centrifuge screw or full-shell screw centrifuge, namely the screw spiral and / or the baffle disc, are less stressed than would be the case with a simple conical design in the region of the solids discharge-side section.

[0141] Furthermore, when the screw hub is configured with a double truncated cone shape in the region of the solids discharge-side section, a smoother and more stable running behavior of the corresponding full-shell screw centrifuge can be ensured.

[0142] Due to the double truncated cone-shaped construction, the distance between the worm and the drum of the full-shell worm centrifuge is reduced. This presses the solid material, for example, against the baffle plate and increases the squeezing effect. Due to this structure, the separated liquid, especially the separated water, can flow out along the worm without pressure.

[0143] This relates in particular to the combination of different embodiments of the worm hub with further structural details such as transverse disks and / or inflow regions and / or special shaping of the solids discharge-side section of the worm hub. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0144] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The embodiment shown is an example of how to design a worm hub according to the invention.

[0145] in:

[0146] Figure 1 A longitudinal section of a full-shell worm centrifuge according to the prior art is shown;

[0147] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a worm hub according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0148] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a worm hub according to another embodiment of the invention;

[0149] Figure 4 A perspective top view of a web pair of a worm hub according to 3 is shown;

[0150] Figure 5 Show according to Figure 4 A perspective bottom view of the tab pair;

[0151] Figures 6a to 6d Show according to Figure 4 and Figure 5 A plurality of cross sections of the tab pair;

[0152] Figure 7 A perspective view showing a longitudinal section of a worm hub according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention;

[0153] Figure 8 Show according to Figure 7 A longitudinal section of a longitudinal section of a worm hub;

[0154] Fig. 9 Show according to Figure 7 and Figure 8 a cross section of a longitudinal section of the worm hub; and

[0155] Fig.10 Show according to Figures 7 to 9 Detail view of the opening of the longitudinal section of the worm hub. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0156] In the following, the same reference numerals are used for identical and identically acting components.

[0157] Figure 1A full shell worm centrifuge 10 according to the prior art is shown. Figure 1 The basic structure and basic functions of a full-shell worm centrifuge 10 are explained as an example, in which the worm hub 70 according to the present invention can be used. The worm hub 70 will be described in detail later.

[0158] according to Figure 1 The full-shell worm centrifuge 10 extends substantially along a horizontal longitudinal axis 12 and has an outer shell 14 in which a drum 16 is supported rotatably about the longitudinal axis 12. By rotating the drum 16 at high speed, centrifugal forces can be generated in the drum, by means of which the material to be clarified can be separated into a heavy phase and a light phase. For this purpose, the drum 16 is supported on a first drum support 18 and a second drum support 20.

[0159] An inlet 22 for the substance to be clarified as well as an outlet 24 for the heavy phase and an outlet 26 for the light phase are formed on the drum 16. A drive 28 is provided to rotate the drum 16.

[0160] The outlet 26 serves as an overflow for the light phase located radially inside the drum 16 , so that it automatically flows out there as soon as a predetermined level, the so-called pool depth 52 , is reached in the drum 16 .

[0161] In order to enable the heavy phase located radially on the outside of the drum 16 to be discharged from the drum 16, a centrifuge screw 30 is arranged in the drum 16. The centrifuge screw 30 is rotated relative to the drum 16 by means of the drive 28. As a result, the material of the heavy phase is discharged radially inwards along the conical surface formed on the drum 16 and thus towards the outlet 24.

[0162] For this purpose, the centrifuge worm 30 is configured with a worm hub 32 extending along the longitudinal axis 12 and surrounded radially on the outside by a worm screw 34. The worm hub 32 also serves to support the worm screw 34 in the radial direction, to transmit torque from the drive 28 to the worm screw 34, and in particular to absorb tensile and thrust forces. The worm hub 32 has a longitudinal section 36 with a grid structure 56 consisting of longitudinal bars 58, inclined struts 64 and transverse disks 60. The longitudinal section 36 is cylindrical. The longitudinal bars 58 are arranged at uniform spacings distributed over the circumference of the worm hub 32 in its longitudinal direction, i.e. parallel to the longitudinal axis 12.

[0163] In the conical section 38 , the screw hub 32 is formed with a circumferential surface 44 . The circumferential surface 44 is essentially closed and is formed in particular by means of a sheet metal or a tubular surface. The centrifuge screw 30 is rotatably mounted by means of a first screw bearing 40 and a second screw bearing 42 .

[0164] In addition, Figure 1 In the figure, an inlet pipe 46 can be seen. The medium to be separated enters the full-shell worm centrifuge 10 through the inlet pipe 46. The inlet pipe 46 is used to convey the medium to be clarified centrally in the inlet region 48 to the interior of the worm hub 32.

[0165] according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 A worm hub 70 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown in each case. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two worm hubs 70 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Figure 1 The full shell worm centrifuge 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used. In this case, the worm hub 70 replaces the Figure 1 Alternatively, according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The worm hub 70 can be used in other worm centrifugal separators not shown.

[0166] according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The worm hub 70 extends in the longitudinal direction and comprises a conical longitudinal section 71, a conical longitudinal section 72 and a bearing section 73. The sections 71, 72, 73 have a longitudinal axial direction as a common axis. The conical longitudinal section 71 corresponds to the longitudinal section 71 according to Figure 1 The above-mentioned conical section 38 of the worm hub 32. The support section 73 is used to accommodate a support, in particular the above-mentioned worm support 42, so as to rotatably support the worm hub 70. In other embodiments of the present invention, the longitudinal section 71 can have an at least partially closed shape that is different from a simple conical shape. The longitudinal section 71 can be configured, for example, as a cylindrical section and / or a cylindrical tube section. In addition, it is possible that the longitudinal section 71 has a double truncated cone shape.

[0167] according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The cylindrical longitudinal section 72 of the worm hub is arranged in the longitudinal direction between the conical longitudinal section 71 and the bearing section 73. The sections 71, 72, 73 are fixedly connected to one another.

[0168] For the sake of simplicity, the cylindrical longitudinal section 72 is referred to below only as the longitudinal section 72 . The longitudinal section 72 comprises an opening structure 74 which is formed by a plurality of web elements 75 and a plurality of transverse disks 76 .

[0169] according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The transverse disk 76 has a central through opening 76' in the longitudinal direction. Figure 2 and Figure 3As can be clearly seen in the figure, the opening structure 75 has a plurality of openings 77 for passing the medium to be separated or clarified, in particular a two-phase mixture or a three-phase mixture. The interior 79 of the longitudinal section 72 is fluidically connected to the drum interior (not shown) via the openings 77 in the assembled state of the worm hub 70. The openings 77 are formed between the web elements 75.

[0170] The longitudinal section 72 is formed, in particular assembled, from a plurality of axially arranged web sections 80. The web section 80 comprises a plurality of web elements 75 and a plurality of openings 77, which are defined by the web elements 75 and at least one transverse disk 76. The transverse disk 76 is provided for axially connecting the individual web sections 80. In addition, the transverse disk 76 serves to stabilize the longitudinal section 72.

[0171] These web elements 75 are arranged radially outwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub 70 so that these web elements 75 form the periphery of the longitudinal section 72. The web elements 75 are respectively combined into web pairs 81. In other words, every two web elements 75 form a web pair 81. Therefore, the corresponding web section 80 has a plurality of web pairs 81. The web pairs 81 are arranged evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Here, the web pairs 81 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction in a rotation of approximately 180 degrees. Specifically, every two adjacent web pairs 81 are arranged in a rotation of approximately 180 degrees.

[0172] according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the two web elements 75 of each web pair 81 extend in the longitudinal direction of the worm hub 70 and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the worm hub 70. In other words, the two web elements 75 of the web pair 81 are arranged obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub 70. The web elements 75 converge with each other at the first end 82 of the web pair 81 in the longitudinal direction. At the second end 83 of the web pair 81, the two web elements 75 are spaced apart from each other in the transverse direction, in particular in the circumferential direction. Basically, the web pair 81 is designed to be triangular.

[0173] In accordance with Figure 2 In the worm hub 70 of FIG. 7 , the web pairs 81 of the web sections 80 are arranged axially directly opposite each other on the transverse disk 76 located between them. In this case, the first ends 82 are arranged axially opposite each other on the corresponding transverse disk 76, or the second ends 83 are arranged axially opposite each other on the transverse disk 76. In the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal section 72, the web pairs 81 of the web sections 80 are arranged alternately in opposition, that is to say alternately, in particular rotated by 180 degrees.

[0174] according to Figure 2, the web elements 75 are each composed of separate individual rods 91, which are in contact at the first end 82 of the web pair 81. The web elements 75 of the web pair 81 are connected to each other at the first end 82. The two web elements 75 can be connected to each other in a material-locking and / or force-locking manner. The two web elements 81 can be connected to each other by welding and / or screwing.

[0175] The opening 77 is defined by the web element 75 in the region of the first end 82 of the web pair 81. The first end 82 forms the pointed end of the web pair 81. At the opposite second end 83 of the web pair 81, the opening 77 is defined by the transverse disk 76. Figure 2 The tab pair 81 is configured to be open toward the transverse disk 76. In other words, the tab pair 81 only partially surrounds the opening.

[0176] As in Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the web elements 75 of the individual web pairs 81 have a circular cross section. It is also possible that the web elements 75 alternatively have an angular, in particular a quadrilateral, triangular or trapezoidal cross section and / or an elliptical cross section.

[0177] Different from Figure 2 Worm hub 70, according to Figure 3 The worm hub 70 has a web pair 81, which is composed of web elements 75 that are integrally formed with each other. Figures 3 to 6d Detailed description based on Figure 3 The worm hub 70 according to the present invention.

[0178] according to Figure 3 The web pair 81 of the longitudinal section 72 of the worm hub 70 forms a closed volume or a closed contour, which completely surrounds the opening 77. The web pair 81 is formed by casting, especially precision casting. In other words, the web pair 81 is made of one piece. Alternatively, the web pair 81 can also be formed by a cutting process.

[0179] The web pairs 81 are constructed in a triangular shape. Each web pair 81 has two end-side connecting regions 84, 85, which connect the two web elements 75 of the web pair 81 to each other in a material-locked manner. Here, the first end-side connecting region 84 is constructed on a first end 82 of the web pair 81, which ends in a point, and the second end-side connecting region 85 is constructed on a second end 83 of the web pair 81, which is in particular wide. The connecting regions 84, 85 connect the web elements 75 transversely to the longitudinal axis of the worm hub 70. The connecting regions 84, 85 have abutment surfaces 84', 85' on the respective end sides for abutting against the transverse disk 76. The connecting regions 84, 85 are Figure 4 and 5 Clearly visible in.

[0180] according to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first connection area 84 has a single through-opening 86, and the second connection area 85 includes two through-openings 86. The through-opening 86 is configured in the longitudinal direction of the worm hub 70. The through-openings 86 are respectively formed by drill holes. Each pair of tabs 81 is connected to the respectively adjacent transverse plate 76 by means of a fixing means, in particular screws and / or bolts. Alternatively or additionally, each pair of tabs 81 can be connected to the adjacent transverse disk 76 in a material-locked manner, for example by welding.

[0181] Each web pair 81 has an inner side 87 and an outer side 88. The inner side 87 faces the longitudinal axis of the worm hub 70. The outer side 88 faces away from the longitudinal axis of the worm hub 70 or, in the installed state, faces the inner surface of the drum. In other words, the inner side 87 is formed radially inside on the web pair 81 and the outer side 88 is formed radially outside on the web pair 81. The two sides 87, 88 are formed on the web pair 81 opposite each other.

[0182] Figure 4 A perspective top view of a web pair 81 of a worm hub according to 3 is shown. Figure 4 The outer side 88 of the tab pair 81 can be seen in FIG. The outer side 88 has a surface 88' for supporting the worm screw. The surface 88' forms part of the periphery of the longitudinal section 72. As shown in FIG. Figure 5 It can be seen that the surface 88' is larger than the surface 87' of the inner side 87 of the web pair 81. On the inner side 87 and the outer side 88, a circumferential rounding is formed in each case toward the opening 77. The rounding has different radii 89, 90 in each case.

[0183] The radius 89 of the inner side 87 is greater than the radius 90 of the outer side 88. In other words, the rounding on the inner side 87 toward the opening 77 is larger than the rounding on the outer side 88. The inner side 87 and the outer side 88 are rounded around the opening 77. In other words, the radius 89 of the inner side 87 and the radius 90 of the outer side 88 are formed around the opening 77. Figures 4 to 6d It can be seen that the web pair 81 has a radius or rounding on the web element 75 also on the side facing away from the opening 77 .

[0184] As in Figures 6a to 6d It can be clearly seen in the figure that the inner side 87 and the outer side 88 of the corresponding web pair 81 are configured as convex. In other words, the inner side 87 and the outer side 88 are arched. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible that the inner side 87 and the outer side 88 can be configured as flat at least in part.

[0185] Figures 6a to 6d Cross sections of a web pair 81 of the type described above are shown at different longitudinal positions of the web pair 81 .

[0186] Figure 6a and Figure 6b The cross sections of the web pair 81 at different longitudinal positions of the web element 75 are shown, wherein the cross section is arranged between the two connecting regions 84, 85. It can be seen here that the two web elements 75 of the web pair 81 each have a mirror-symmetrical cross section 92. The cross sections 92 of the two web elements 75 have the same large cross-sectional area. The respective cross sections 92 of the two web elements 75 are substantially constant between the two connecting regions 84, 85.

[0187] The corresponding cross section 92 is designed to be circular in some areas and to be rectilinear in some areas. Alternatively, the cross section 92 can be designed to be angular, in particular quadrilateral, triangular or trapezoidal, and / or elliptical. Figure 6c and Figure 6d The transition from the web element 75 into the first connecting region 84 and the associated change in cross section are shown.

[0188] Figures 7 to 10 A cylindrical longitudinal section 72 of a worm hub 70 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown and is explained in more detail below.

[0189] The longitudinal section 72 extends along the longitudinal axis and is formed by a tube 93. The tube 93 has a plurality of openings 94 for passing a medium, in particular a two-phase mixture or a three-phase mixture. The openings 94 are formed in a tube wall 95 and each form a free passage. The openings 94 each have a clear length 96, which is greater than a clear width 97 of the corresponding opening 94. In other words, the length of the opening 94 is greater than the width of the opening 94. The clear length 96 of the opening 94 extends in the longitudinal direction, in particular parallel to the longitudinal axis, and the clear width 97 extends transversely to the longitudinal direction.

[0190] As in Figures 7 to 9 As can be seen in the figure, the openings 94 are constructed in a spiral distribution in the circumferential direction in the tube wall 95. Every two openings 94 are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The distance between the two openings 94 in the circumferential direction is less than the net width 97 and the net length 96 of the opening 94. In other words, the distance between the two openings 94 in the circumferential direction is less than the longitudinal extension of the opening 94 and the extension of the opening 94 transverse to the longitudinal axis. The same situation applies to the distance between the two openings in the opening 94 in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal section 72. A support surface 98 for a worm screw is constructed between every two adjacent openings 94 in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal section 72. The support surface 98 is constructed on the outside of the tube wall 95 and also spirally surrounds the tube wall.

[0191] according to Figure 8 And specifically based on Fig.10As can be seen in the detailed view of , the opening 94 is configured as a rhombus. The opening 94 can be configured as a rectangle or at least partially circular. The opening 94 is configured as rounded in the corner area. In other words, the opening 94 has a radius in the corner area. The openings 94 are configured to be identical, that is, the openings 94 have the same channel shape. In the example shown, the openings 94 each have the shape of a parallelogram. Therefore, each two opposite sides are configured to be parallel and of equal length.

[0192] It is also possible for the openings 94 to differ from one another in terms of their shape. Fig. 9 A cross section of tube 93 is shown.

[0193] Reference numerals list

[0194] 10 Full Shell Worm Centrifuge

[0195] 12 Longitudinal axis

[0196] 14 Outer shell

[0197] 16 Roller

[0198] 18 first roller support

[0199] 20 Second roller support

[0200] 22 Inlet for the substance / medium to be clarified

[0201] 24 Outlet for heavy phase

[0202] 26 Outlet for light phase

[0203] 28 Driver

[0204] 30 Centrifuge worm

[0205] 32 Worm hub

[0206] 34 Worm screw

[0207] 36 cylindrical longitudinal sections

[0208] 38 Conical sections

[0209] 40 First worm support

[0210] 42 Second worm support

[0211] 44 Closed shell

[0212] 46 Inflow pipe

[0213] 48 Inflow area

[0214] 52 Pool Depth

[0215] 56 Grid structure

[0216] 58 longitudinal rod

[0217] 60 Horizontal Plate

[0218] 70 Worm hub

[0219] 71 tapered longitudinal section

[0220] 72 cylindrical longitudinal section

[0221] 73 Support section

[0222] 74 Opening structure

[0223] 75 Tab element

[0224] 76 Horizontal Plate

[0225] 76' central through opening

[0226] 77 Opening

[0227] 79 Interior Space

[0228] 80 Tab section

[0229] 81 splice pair

[0230] 82 first end of the tab pair

[0231] 83 Second end of the tab pair

[0232] 84 First connection area

[0233] 84' Close surface

[0234] 85 Second connection area

[0235] 86 Through opening

[0236] 87 Inside

[0237] 87' Inside face

[0238] 88 Outside

[0239] 88' Outside face

[0240] 89' Inside Radius

[0241] 90' outside radius

[0242] 91 single stick

[0243] 92 Cross section of the tab element

[0244] 93 tubes

[0245] 94 Opening

[0246] 95 pipe wall

[0247] 96 Net length

[0248] 97 Clear Width

[0249] 98 Support surface

Claims

1. A worm hub (70) for a centrifuge worm, the worm hub extending along a longitudinal axis and having at least one longitudinal section (72) with an opening (74), wherein: The opening structure (74) is formed by a plurality of web elements (75) which define a plurality of openings (77) for passing a medium, wherein the web elements (75) are arranged radially outwardly on the longitudinal section (72) with respect to the longitudinal axis and form the periphery of the longitudinal section (72), Characterized in that every two web elements (75) form a web pair (81), which defines at least one opening (77), wherein the two web elements (75) of the web pair (81) extend in the longitudinal direction and transversely to the longitudinal direction, or the first web element of the web pair (81) extends in the longitudinal direction and the second web element of the web pair (81) extends transversely to the longitudinal direction; The web elements (75) of the web pair (81) are formed integrally with one another by casting; The web pair (81) has at least two end-side connecting regions (84, 85), via which the web elements (75) are materially connected to one another; The pair of tabs (81) comprises an inner side (87) and an outer side (88), wherein the inner side and the outer side respectively have radii (89, 90) facing the opening (77), wherein the radius (89) of the inner side (87) is greater than the radius (90) of the outer side (88).

2. The worm hub (70) according to claim 1, characterized in that The web elements (75) of the web pair (81) partially or completely surround the opening (77).

3. The worm hub (70) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The web elements (75) are arranged such that the web pairs (81) are formed in a triangular shape.

4. The worm hub (70) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The web pair (81) has a surface (87', 88') on the inner side (87) and on the outer side (88), respectively, wherein the surface (88') on the outer side (88) is larger than the surface (87') on the inner side (87).

5. The worm hub (70) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner side (87) and / or the outer side (88) of the web pair (81) are of curved design.

6. The worm hub (70) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connecting regions (84, 85) each have at least one through-opening (86), via which the web pair (81) is connected to at least one hub element.

7. The worm hub (70) according to claim 6, characterized in that The web pair (81) is connected to the hub element in a materially and / or forcefully locking manner.

8. The worm hub (70) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The web elements (75) of the web pair (81) each have a cross section (92) between the two connecting regions (84, 85) which is constant in the longitudinal direction of the web element (75).

9. The worm hub (70) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal section (72) has at least one web section which is formed by a plurality of web pairs (81) which are connected to one another in the longitudinal direction of the worm hub (70) and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction.

10. The worm hub (70) according to claim 9, characterized in that The longitudinal section (72) has a plurality of web sections of the web section (80), which are arranged along the longitudinal axis and are connected to one another via transverse disks (76) located therebetween, wherein web pairs (81) of the web section (80) are coupled to the transverse disks (76).

11. The worm hub (70) according to claim 9, characterized in that The web pairs (81) of the web section (80) are arranged evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

12. The worm hub (70) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner side (87) and / or the outer side (88) of the pair of webs (81) are partially designed to be flat.

13. A centrifuge worm having a worm hub (70) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and a worm spiral (34) which is arranged circumferentially on the worm hub (70).

14. Full-shell worm centrifuge having a centrifuge worm according to claim 13 and / or a worm hub (70) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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