An automatic welding device for box beams of engineering vehicles

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic welding device for engineering vehicle box beams, which belongs to the technical field of railway locomotive manufacturing equipment, including: two sets of parallel guide rails and a plurality of bridge-type clamping devices across the guide rails are provided on the platform base, the bridge-type clamping device is used to clamp the box beam in the height direction of the box beam during welding; at least one pair of welding carriages are slidably connected with the guide rails and arranged on both sides of the box beam to weld the box beam; a plurality of transverse clamping positioning devices are arranged between each set of guide rails and arranged on both sides of the box beam, and an avoidance space is provided between the bottom of the welding carriage and the guide rails; a plurality of deflection support devices are arranged at the bottom of the box beam to support the box beam to form a preset deflection. Compared with the existing iron upsetting clamping manual welding method, it effectively reduces the manual welding joints, improves the quality of the weld, reduces the number of operators and reduces the work intensity of the operators, can meet the welding technical requirements of box beams of different specifications of engineering vehicles, and realizes the automatic welding of box beams.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of railway locomotive manufacturing equipment, and more specifically, relates to an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The box beam is mainly composed of four parts: cover plate, web plate, partition plate and bottom plate. The box beam has certain advancement and superiority. It is an economical cross-section combination structure in terms of mechanical properties, with strong bearing capacity and strong structural stability. In the production and manufacturing of rail engineering work vehicles, the box beam plays a major role in bearing and is an indispensable welding structure in the production and manufacturing of rail engineering work vehicles.

[0003] Domestic engineering vehicle manufacturing companies all use iron upsetting and pressing manual welding for box beam welding. This method has the problems of poor physical quality of welding (the shortest length of the box beam is 2mm, the longest is 22m, and there are many manual welding joints), low production efficiency (slow manual welding speed, and four people must weld on both sides at the same time) and safety hazards (iron upsetting is frequently hoisted, which can easily cause harm to operators). According to market research, there are four ways to weld box beams in other industries: robot welding, gantry pressing manual welding, gantry cantilever welding and iron upsetting pressing manual welding. Gantry pressing manual welding still has defects such as poor forming of many manual welding joints; cantilever beam welding cannot meet the length requirements, and multiple adjustments or the addition of cantilever beam welding machines are required. In addition, the deformation and lateral bending after welding are large, and the subsequent flame adjustment is difficult. Both welding methods cannot meet the technical requirements for box beam welding of engineering vehicles. The use of robot welding requires joint research and development, high cost and large site occupation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide an automatic welding device for box beams of engineering vehicles, which can reduce manual welding joints, improve weld quality, reduce the number of operators and reduce the work intensity of operators, reduce the time of welding operations, improve welding efficiency, meet the welding technical requirements of box beams of different specifications of engineering vehicles, and realize automatic welding of long straight box beams.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle, comprising:

[0007] A platform base, wherein two sets of parallel guide rails and a plurality of bridge-type clamping devices are provided on the platform base, the box beam to be welded is placed between the two sets of guide rails, and the bridge-type clamping device is used to clamp the box beam in the height direction of the box beam during welding;

[0008] At least one pair of welding carriages, wherein the pair of welding carriages are slidably connected to the guide rails and are arranged on both sides of the box beam to weld the box beam;

[0009] A plurality of transverse pressing and positioning devices are arranged between each group of the guide rails and arranged on both sides of the box beam, and are used to press the box beam transversely during welding. An avoidance space is provided between the bottom of the welding trolley and the guide rails. The transverse pressing and positioning devices can be telescopically rotated into the avoidance space to avoid the sliding path of the welding trolley on the guide rails and continue to press the box beam transversely after avoiding.

[0010] A plurality of deflection support devices are arranged at the lower part of the box beam and are used to support the box beam to form a preset deflection.

[0011] Preferably, the welding carriage is provided with a welding gun swing mechanism at the end close to the box beam, and the welding gun swing mechanism comprises:

[0012] A fixed plate, one side of which is provided with a motor mounting seat, on which a motor is provided, and an output shaft of the motor passes through the fixed plate and is sequentially connected to a first rotating bearing, an eccentric wheel and a first swing rod;

[0013] A sliding mechanism, the sliding mechanism is connected to the end of the fixed plate and is located on the same side as the first swing rod, the sliding mechanism is slidably arranged along the height direction of the fixed plate, and a transversely arranged guide groove is provided at the bottom of the sliding mechanism;

[0014] A second swing arm, one end of the second swing arm is hinged to the first swing arm, and a hinge point thereof is arranged in the guide groove; the other end of the second swing arm is connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft passes through the fixed plate and is sequentially connected to a second rotating bearing and a welding gun adjusting rod, and the welding gun adjusting rod is connected to the welding gun.

[0015] Preferably, the top and bottom sides of the fixed plate are provided with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate extending horizontally in the same direction, the first connecting plate is provided with a first through hole and two second through holes, the second connecting plate is provided with two third through holes corresponding to the second through holes, and the sliding mechanism comprises:

[0016] A slider, the slider is a hollow box-shaped structure, the upper and lower surfaces of the slider are provided with a fourth through hole and a fifth through hole arranged on both sides of the fourth through hole, and the guide groove is arranged at the bottom of the slider;

[0017] A screw rod, the screw rod passes through the first through hole and the fourth through hole and is screwed and fixed to the slider;

[0018] Two sliding rods are arranged on both sides of the screw rod and pass through the second through hole, the fifth through hole and the third through hole in sequence to be screwed and fixed to the fixing plate.

[0019] Preferably, the welding carriage further comprises a welding gun fine-tuning mechanism, the welding gun fine-tuning mechanism is connected to the welding gun swinging mechanism, and the welding gun fine-tuning mechanism comprises:

[0020] A first mounting frame, the first mounting frame is located at the bottom of the welding carriage and above the mounting base of the welding carriage, and a transverse spring adjustment member is provided at the end of the first mounting frame close to the welding gun swing mechanism;

[0021] A second mounting frame, the second mounting frame is vertically connected to the other end of the first mounting frame away from the welding gun swing mechanism, and a vertical spring adjustment member is provided on the upper portion of the second mounting frame;

[0022] A third mounting frame, the third mounting frame comprises a first piece, a second piece, a third piece and a fourth piece which are connected vertically in sequence, the first piece is connected to the welding gun swing mechanism, the second piece is connected to the second mounting frame, the vertical spring adjustment piece is connected to the third piece, and the fourth piece extends along the guide rail and is provided with a guide wheel mounting seat at its end;

[0023] The guide wheel mounting seat is equipped with a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel arranged at right angles. The first guide wheel can press the upper surface of the cover plate of the box beam under the action of the vertical spring adjusting member, and the second guide wheel can cling to the side of the cover plate of the box beam under the action of the transverse spring adjusting member.

[0024] Preferably, the transverse spring adjustment member includes a first screw and a first spring sleeved on the first screw, the first screw is passed through the first mounting frame and the mounting base and is screwed and fixed to the first mounting frame, and two ends of the first spring respectively abut against the first mounting frame and the mounting base of the welding trolley;

[0025] The vertical spring adjustment member includes a second screw rod and a second spring sleeved on the second screw rod, the second screw rod passes through the second mounting frame and the third member and is screwed and fixed to the second mounting frame, and two ends of the second spring respectively abut the second mounting frame and the third member.

[0026] Preferably, the welding carriage further comprises a first height adjustment mechanism and a second height adjustment mechanism, and a first lateral adjustment mechanism and a second lateral adjustment mechanism, the second lateral adjustment mechanism and the second height adjustment mechanism are connected via a slide connecting plate, and the first height adjustment mechanism, the first lateral adjustment mechanism, the second height adjustment mechanism and the second lateral adjustment mechanism are all dovetail slide structures;

[0027] The track of the first lateral adjustment mechanism is arranged on the mounting base, and the dovetail groove of the first lateral adjustment mechanism is arranged on the first mounting frame;

[0028] The slide groove connecting plate comprises a bottom surface and a side surface perpendicular to the bottom surface;

[0029] The track of the second transverse adjustment mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface of the slide slot connecting plate, and the dovetail groove of the second transverse adjustment mechanism is arranged on the first piece of the third mounting frame;

[0030] The track of the first height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the second mounting frame, and the dovetail groove of the second height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the second piece of the third mounting frame;

[0031] The track of the second height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the side of the slide groove connecting plate, and the dovetail groove of the second height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the fixing plate of the welding gun swing mechanism.

[0032] Preferably, each of the bridge-type clamping devices comprises:

[0033] Two supporting columns and a cantilever beam, wherein the two supporting columns are fixed on the platform base, and the cantilever beam is horizontally arranged and hinged to the end of one of the supporting columns;

[0034] A telescopic cylinder is arranged in the middle of the cantilever beam, and during welding, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder extends out and presses against the upper surface of the box beam.

[0035] Preferably, a locking hole is provided at the free end of the cantilever beam, and the other of the two supporting columns is a hollow structure. A cylinder self-locking device is provided inside the supporting column, and a push rod is provided at one end of the cylinder self-locking device. The cylinder self-locking device pushes the push rod to extend the push rod into the locking hole to lock the cantilever beam.

[0036] Preferably, the transverse pressing and positioning device is in a T-shaped structure, and the transverse pressing and positioning device comprises:

[0037] A lead screw, a lead screw sleeve and a sleeve base, wherein one end of the lead screw sleeve is provided with a threaded barrel, the lead screw is screwed into the threaded barrel, the other end of the lead screw sleeve is inserted into the sleeve base and movably connected with the sleeve base, and the sleeve base is embedded in the platform base;

[0038] One end of the lead screw is provided with an abutment joint, and the lead screw sleeve is rotated and the lead screw is tightened so that the abutment joint can abut against the side plate of the box beam.

[0039] Preferably, each of the deflection support devices comprises:

[0040] Two bases and a deflection support block, the base comprising a first plate and two second plates vertically connected to both ends of the first plate, the two bases being welded and fixed on the platform base;

[0041] A through hole is provided in the middle of the bottom plate, connecting plates are provided at both ends of the deflection support block, a circular shaft is provided on one side of the connecting plate, the circular shaft is arranged in the through hole so that the deflection support block is rotatably connected to the base, and the deflection support block can rotate around the circular shaft so that one side abuts against the platform base and the other side abuts against the lower surface of the box beam;

[0042] The deflection support block includes an L-shaped first pad and a second pad, the long side of the first pad and the long side of the second pad are vertically connected, the short sides of the first pad and the second pad are located on the same side and are respectively provided with a counterweight, and the L-shaped first pad or the second pad is used to clamp the box beam;

[0043] The long sides of the first cushion block and the second cushion block are used to support the box beam, and the supporting height of the first cushion block is greater than the supporting height of the second cushion block.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0045] Compared with the existing iron upsetting and clamping manual welding, which uses four people to weld simultaneously from both sides of the box beam, this device has the disadvantages of many welding joints, poor welding quality, slow welding speed, low safety factor, etc., by arranging guide rails and multiple bridge-type clamping devices above the guide rails on the platform base for box beam welding, and multiple transverse clamping and positioning devices arranged on the guide rails, the multiple bridge-type clamping devices and multiple transverse clamping and positioning devices are clamped on the box beam in both vertical and transverse directions, and the welding trolley slidably connected to the guide rails welds simultaneously from both sides of the box beam, reducing manual welding joints, improving weld quality, reducing the number of operators and reducing the work intensity of operators, reducing the time of welding operations, and improving welding efficiency. It can meet the welding technical requirements of box beams of different specifications of engineering vehicles and can realize automatic welding of long straight box beams.

[0046] Furthermore, the welding gun swing mechanism of the welding trolley of the present invention adopts an eccentric wheel rocker mechanism and a sliding mechanism to simulate the welding method of a welder, that is, the rotation of the motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, driving the hinge point of the rocker to move horizontally repeatedly in the guide groove of the sliding mechanism, thereby driving the welding gun to swing in an arc, and the swing amplitude of the welding gun can be achieved by adjusting the height of the sliding mechanism, thereby solving the welding problem of the A10 fillet weld formed by the box beam cover plate or bottom plate and the side plate.

[0047] Furthermore, the welding trolley of the present invention uses two guide wheels in conjunction with vertical and transverse spring adjustment parts to press the box beam. The spring-elastic guide wheels can be flexibly moved along the cover plate and side of the box beam during the movement of the automatic welding machine. The welding gun can be automatically fine-tuned in the vertical and transverse directions according to the micro-deformation of the box beam to achieve automatic tracking of the weld.

[0048] Furthermore, the welding trolley of the present invention is provided with two sets of adjustment mechanisms in both vertical and horizontal directions, namely, a first height adjustment mechanism and a second height adjustment mechanism, and a first horizontal adjustment mechanism and a second horizontal adjustment mechanism. When the height of the box beam is adjusted, the first height adjustment mechanism is first adaptively adjusted relative to the adjusted height of the box beam, and then the second height adjustment mechanism is adjusted to adaptively adjust the height of the welding gun relative to the box beam. Next, the first horizontal adjustment mechanism and the second horizontal adjustment mechanism are adjusted in turn to adjust the welding gun to a suitable horizontal position relative to the box beam, so as to meet the automatic welding of box beams of different specifications of engineering vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0051] Figure 2 A top view of an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0052] Figure 3 A side view of an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0053] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a welding trolley used in an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0054] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a welding gun swing mechanism for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0055] Figure 6 A front view of a welding gun swing mechanism for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0056] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a welding gun fine-adjusting mechanism for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0057] Figure 8 A front view of a welding gun fine-adjusting mechanism for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0058] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a height adjustment mechanism and a lateral adjustment mechanism for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0059] Fig.10 A front view of a height adjustment mechanism and a lateral adjustment mechanism for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0060] Fig.11 A side view showing a height adjustment mechanism and a lateral adjustment mechanism of an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.12 A schematic structural diagram of a transverse pressing and positioning device for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0062] Fig.13 A schematic structural diagram of a deflection support device for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0063] Fig.14 A front view of a deflection support device for an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0064] Description of reference numerals:

[0065] 1. Platform base; 2. Welding trolley; 21. Mounting base; 201. Fixing plate; 202. Motor mounting seat; 203. Motor; 204. First rotating bearing; 205. Eccentric wheel; 206. First swing arm; 207. Second swing arm; 208. Rotating shaft; 209. Second rotating bearing; 210. Welding gun adjustment rod; 211. Welding gun; 212. First connecting plate; 213. Second connecting plate; 22. Sliding mechanism; 220. Guide 221, slider; 222, screw rod; 223, sliding rod; 224, first nut; 225, second nut; 226, third nut; 231, first mounting bracket; 232, second mounting bracket; 233, third mounting bracket; 2331, first piece; 2332, second piece; 2333, third piece; 2334, fourth piece; 234, guide wheel mounting seat; 235, first guide wheel; 236, second guide wheel; 237, transverse spring Spring adjustment member; 2371, first screw rod; 2372, first spring; 238, vertical spring adjustment member; 2381, second screw rod; 2382, second spring; 24, first height adjustment mechanism; 25, second height adjustment mechanism; 26, first lateral adjustment mechanism; 27, second lateral adjustment mechanism; 28, slide connecting plate; 3, bridge clamping device; 31, support column; 32, cantilever beam; 33, telescopic cylinder; 34, cylinder self-locking Device; 35. Push rod; 4. Deflection support device; 41. Base; 411. First plate; 412. Second plate; 42. Deflection support block; 421. First cushion block; 422. Second cushion block; 423. Counterweight block; 424. Notch; 43. Connecting plate; 44. Round shaft; 5. Lateral clamping and positioning device; 51. Lead screw; 52. Lead screw sleeve; 53. Threaded cylinder; 54. Sleeve base; 55. Butt joint; 6. Guide rail; 7. Box beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0067] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic welding device for a box beam of an engineering vehicle, comprising:

[0068] A platform base 1, on which are disposed two sets of parallel guide rails 6 and a plurality of bridge-type clamping devices 3 spanning over the guide rails 6, between which box beams 7 to be welded are placed, and the bridge-type clamping devices 3 are used to clamp the box beams 7 in the height direction of the box beams 7 during welding;

[0069] At least one pair of welding carriages 2, the pair of welding carriages 2 are slidably connected to the guide rails 6 and are arranged on both sides of the box beam 7 to weld the box beam 7;

[0070] A plurality of transverse pressing and positioning devices 5 are arranged between each set of guide rails 6 and arranged on both sides of the box beam 7, and are used to press the box beam 7 transversely during welding. An avoidance space is provided between the bottom of the welding carriage 2 and the guide rails 6. The transverse pressing and positioning devices 5 can be telescopically rotated into the avoidance space to avoid the sliding path of the welding carriage 2 on the guide rails 6 and continue to press the box beam 7 transversely after avoiding.

[0071] A plurality of deflection support devices 4 are disposed at the lower portion of the box beam 7 and are used to support the box beam 7 to form a preset deflection.

[0072] Specifically, two sets of guide rails 6 are provided on the platform base 1, each set of guide rails 6 is two parallel steel rails, each set of guide rails 6 is used for welding the welding trolley 2 on one side of the box beam 7, and each set of guide rails can be provided with two welding trolleys 2 for welding from both ends of the box beam 7 to the middle, or one welding trolley 2 can be provided for welding from one end of the box beam 7 to the other end. The box beam 7 is mainly composed of four parts: a cover plate, a web plate (side plate), a partition plate and a bottom plate. The box beam plays a major bearing role in the production and manufacturing of rail engineering work vehicles, and is an indispensable welding structure in the production and manufacturing of rail engineering work vehicles. The welding of the cover plate and the side plate of the welded box beam 7 is positive flexure welding, and the welding of the bottom plate and the side plate of the welded box beam is reverse flexure welding. First, adjust the height of multiple deflection support devices 4 according to the preset deflection of the forward or reverse deflection welding of the box beam 7, and set multiple deflection support devices 4 at the lower part of the box beam 7, at the beam center, the middle part of the pillow, and near the end of the box beam 7, then hoist the box beam 7 into the deflection support device 4 on the platform base 1, adjust the transverse clamping device 5 to a suitable height and perform transverse clamping and positioning on the side plate of the box beam 7, and then start the bridge clamping device 3 to vertically clamp the box beam 7 in the height direction of the box beam 7. Start the welding carriage 2 on both sides to weld at the same time, the welding carriage 2 moves by controlling the motor and the clutch, and the control cabinet is used to control the moving direction, welding gun swing and voltage and other parameters of the welding carriage 2. During the walking process of the welding carriage 2, when the welding carriage 2 encounters the transverse clamping device 5, the transverse clamping device 5 is quickly rotated 180 degrees to enter the avoidance space at the lower part of the welding carriage 2 for avoidance. After the welding carriage 2 passes, the transverse clamping device 5 continues to be clamped and positioned. After welding is completed, release the transverse clamping positioning device 5 and the bridge clamping device 3, lift out the box beam 7, then change the height of the deflection support device 4, reverse the up and down position of the box beam 7, and lift it in and operate again according to the above steps to complete the automatic welding of the welds of the box beam 7 in both positive and negative deflection welding. Compared with the existing iron upsetting clamping manual welding, which uses four people to weld from both sides of the box beam 7 at the same time, there are many welding joints, poor welding quality, slow welding speed, and low safety factor. The device reduces the number of manual welding joints and improves the quality of the welds. At the same time, it reduces the number of operators and reduces the work intensity of operators, reduces the time of welding operations, improves welding efficiency, reduces the use of iron piers, and improves the safety factor. The welding device can meet the welding technical requirements of box beams of different specifications of engineering vehicles and can realize the automatic welding of long straight box beams 7. This automatic welding device is suitable for 300mm box beams such as models JW4G, GCY-300Ⅱ, JZW-4G, DPT, and 400mm box beams such as models GCY-300Ⅱ, GCY-300ⅡJS, etc. It can meet the automatic welding of box beams of all engineering vehicles and can realize automatic welding of long straight box beams.

[0073] Furthermore, compared with the robot welding method, which requires the readjustment of the production line layout and has disadvantages such as high R&D costs and large space occupation, the present device can be independently modified on-site on the existing iron upsetting and pressing manual welding production line without the need to rearrange the production line, with low R&D costs and small space occupation.

[0074] Preferably, in this example, one group of welding carriages 2 is provided, with 2 in each group; five bridge clamping devices 3 are provided; five deflection support devices 4 are provided; and three groups of transverse clamping and positioning devices 5 are provided, with 2 in each group.

[0075] Optional, see Figure 5-6 As shown, a welding gun swing mechanism is provided at the end of the welding carriage 2 close to the box beam 7, and the welding gun swing mechanism includes:

[0076] A fixed plate 201, a motor mounting seat 202 is provided on one side of the fixed plate 201, a motor 203 is provided on the motor mounting seat 202, an output shaft of the motor 203 passes through the fixed plate 201 and is sequentially connected to a first rotating bearing 204, an eccentric wheel 205 and a first swing rod 206;

[0077] A sliding mechanism 22, the sliding mechanism 22 is connected to the end of the fixed plate 201 and is located on the same side as the first swing rod 206, the sliding mechanism 22 is slidably arranged along the height direction of the fixed plate 202, and a transversely arranged guide groove 220 is provided at the bottom of the sliding mechanism 22;

[0078] The second swing arm 207, one end of the second swing arm 207 is hinged to the first swing arm 206, and its hinge point is set in the guide groove 220, the other end of the second swing arm 207 is connected to the rotating shaft 208, the rotating shaft 208 passes through the fixed plate 201 and is connected to the second rotating bearing 209 and the welding gun adjustment rod 210 in sequence, and the welding gun adjustment rod 210 is connected to the welding gun 211.

[0079] Specifically, the motor 203 is installed on the motor mounting seat 202 by bolt fastening, the motor mounting seat 202 is installed on one side of the fixing plate 201 by bolt fastening, the eccentric wheel 205 is installed on the other side of the fixing plate 201, and the eccentric wheel 205 is connected to the first rotating bearing 204 and the motor 203 through the output shaft of the motor 203 to achieve synchronous rotation. One end of the first swing rod 206 is concentrically nested with the output shaft of the motor 203, and the other end is hinged with the second swing rod 207. The hinge point is fixed in the guide groove 220 of the sliding mechanism 22 by bolts. The second swing rod 207 is connected to the rotating shaft 208 by concentric bolt fastening, and the rotating shaft 208 is connected to the welding gun adjustment rod 210 by concentric bolt top fastening. The welding gun 211 is connected to the welding gun adjustment rod 210 by a clamp. The motor protective cover is installed on the outside of the motor 203 by bolt fastening, and the bearings are all equipped with bearing caps. The motor 203 drives the eccentric wheel 205 to rotate, thereby driving the hinge point of the first swing arm 206 and the second swing arm 207 to move repeatedly horizontally in the guide groove 220, and the second swing arm 207 drives the rotating shaft 208 and the welding gun 211 to swing in an arc, thereby realizing the swing of the welding gun.

[0080] Preferably, the motor 203 is a variable speed motor, and the swing speed thereof can be adjusted according to welding requirements.

[0081] Optionally, the top and bottom sides of the fixed plate 201 are provided with a first connecting plate 212 and a second connecting plate 213 extending horizontally in the same direction, the first connecting plate 212 is provided with a first through hole and two second through holes, the second connecting plate 213 is provided with two third through holes corresponding to the second through holes, and the sliding mechanism 22 includes:

[0082] The slider 221 is a hollow box-shaped structure. The upper and lower surfaces of the slider 221 are provided with a fourth through hole and a fifth through hole provided on both sides of the fourth through hole. The guide groove 220 is provided at the bottom of the slider 221.

[0083] A screw rod 222, the screw rod 222 passes through the first through hole and the fourth through hole and is screwed and fixed to the slider 221;

[0084] Two sliding rods 223 are arranged on both sides of the screw rod 222 and pass through the second through hole, the fifth through hole and the third through hole in sequence to be screwed and fixed to the fixing plate 201 .

[0085] Specifically, a screw 222 and two sliding rods 223 are used to connect the slider 221 to the fixed plate 201, wherein first nuts 224 are installed at both ends of the sliding rod 223 to fix them to the fixed plate 201, the screw 222 is fixed to the fixed plate 201 by a second nut 225, and the slider 221 is fixed to the sliding rod 223 by a third nut 226. After loosening the third nut 226 on the screw 222, the slider 221 can slide up and down along the sliding rod 223 to adjust the height. After the height is adjusted, the second nut 225 is retightened, and the swing amplitude of the welding gun 211 is achieved by adjusting the height of the slider 221. The box beam 7 cover plate or bottom plate and the side plate form a10 large weld angle welding, and its weld leg width is 14mm, while the swing amplitude of the welding gun 211 is in the range of 0-15mm, which solves the welding problem of the box beam a10 large weld angle weld.

[0086] Optional, see Figure 7-8 As shown, the welding carriage 2 also includes a welding gun fine-tuning mechanism, which is connected to the welding gun swinging mechanism. The welding gun fine-tuning mechanism includes:

[0087] A first mounting frame 231, the first mounting frame 231 is located at the bottom of the welding carriage 2 and above the mounting base 21 of the welding carriage 2, and a transverse spring adjustment member 237 is provided at the end of the first mounting frame 231 close to the welding gun swing mechanism;

[0088] A second mounting frame 232, the second mounting frame 232 is vertically connected to the other end of the first mounting frame 231 away from the welding gun swing mechanism, and a vertical spring adjustment member 238 is provided on the upper portion of the second mounting frame 232;

[0089] The third mounting frame 233 includes a first piece 2331, a second piece 2332, a third piece 2333 and a fourth piece 2334 which are connected vertically in sequence. The first piece 2331 is connected to the welding gun swing mechanism, the second piece 2332 is connected to the second mounting frame 232, the vertical spring adjustment piece 238 is connected to the third piece 2333, and the fourth piece 2334 extends along the guide rail 6 and is provided with a guide wheel mounting seat 234 at its end;

[0090] The guide wheel mounting seat 234 is installed with a first guide wheel 235 and a second guide wheel 236 set at right angles. The first guide wheel 235 can press the upper surface of the cover plate of the box beam 7 under the action of the vertical spring adjustment member 238, and the second guide wheel 236 can cling to the side of the cover plate of the box beam 7 under the action of the transverse spring adjustment member 237.

[0091] Optionally, the transverse spring adjustment member 237 includes a first screw 2371 and a first spring 2372 sleeved on the first screw 2371, the first screw 2371 is passed through the first mounting frame 231 and the mounting base 21 and is screwed and fixed to the first mounting frame 231, and two ends of the first spring 2371 respectively abut against the first mounting frame 231 and the mounting base 21 of the welding carriage 2;

[0092] The vertical spring adjustment member 238 includes a second screw 2381 and a second spring 2382 sleeved on the second screw 2381. The second screw 2381 passes through the second mounting frame 232 and the third member 2333 and is screwed and fixed to the second mounting frame 232. The two ends of the second spring 2382 respectively abut the second mounting frame 232 and the third member 2333.

[0093] Specifically, the first spring 2372 is inserted into the first screw rod 2371 to form the transverse spring adjustment member 237, and the transverse spring adjustment member 237 is pressed Figure 7 Assemble as shown, and fasten to the first mounting frame 231 with nuts, and install the second mounting frame 232 and the first mounting frame 231 with bolts. Put the second spring 2382 into the second screw rod 2381 to form a vertical spring adjustment member 238, and the vertical spring adjustment member 238 is pressed Figure 7 As shown in the assembly, the second mounting frame 232 is connected to the third mounting frame 233, and nuts are used to fasten the second mounting frame 232, the guide wheel mounting seat 234 is welded and fixed to the third mounting frame 233, and the first guide wheel 235 and the second guide wheel 236 are respectively connected to the guide wheel mounting seat 234 through round pins. During operation, the first guide wheel 23 presses the upper surface of the cover plate or floor of the box beam 7 by the pressure of the vertical spring adjustment member 238, and the spring elasticity can be used to realize the fine adjustment function as the shape of the cover plate of the box beam 7 changes; similarly, the second guide wheel 236 is pressed against the side of the cover plate of the box beam 7 by the pressure of the transverse spring adjustment member 237, and the second guide wheel 236 can be flexibly moved along the side of the cover plate of the box beam 7 during the movement of the welding carriage 2 by using the spring elasticity, thereby driving the longitudinal fine adjustment of the welding gun 211. The welding gun fine-tuning mechanism relies on the elasticity of the spring to perform fine-tuning according to the shape change of the box beam 7, and drives each mounting frame to make the same movement during the change of the motion trajectory, thereby driving the welding gun swing mechanism to make the same movement, thereby realizing automatic fine-tuning of the welding gun in the longitudinal and vertical directions.

[0094] Optional, see Figure 9-11As shown, the welding carriage 2 further includes a first height adjustment mechanism 24 and a second height adjustment mechanism 25, as well as a first lateral adjustment mechanism 26 and a second lateral adjustment mechanism 27. The second lateral adjustment mechanism 27 is connected to the second height adjustment mechanism 25 via a slide connecting plate 28. The first height adjustment mechanism 24, the first lateral adjustment mechanism 26, the second height adjustment mechanism 25 and the second lateral adjustment mechanism 27 are all dovetail slide structures.

[0095] The track of the first lateral adjustment mechanism 26 is arranged on the mounting base 21, and the dovetail groove of the first lateral adjustment mechanism 26 is arranged on the first mounting frame 231;

[0096] The chute connecting plate 28 includes a bottom surface and a side surface perpendicular to the bottom surface;

[0097] The track of the second transverse adjustment mechanism 27 is arranged on the bottom surface of the slide slot connecting plate 28, and the dovetail groove of the second transverse adjustment mechanism 27 is arranged on the first piece 2331 of the third mounting frame 233;

[0098] The track of the first height adjustment mechanism 24 is arranged on the second mounting frame 232 , and the dovetail groove of the second height adjustment mechanism 25 is arranged on the second piece 2332 of the third mounting frame 233 ;

[0099] The track of the second height adjustment mechanism 25 is arranged on the side of the slide groove connecting plate 28, and the dovetail groove of the second height adjustment mechanism 25 is arranged on the fixing plate 201 of the welding gun swing mechanism.

[0100] Specifically, the welding carriage 2 is provided with two sets of adjustment mechanisms in both the vertical and horizontal directions, namely, the first height adjustment mechanism 24 and the second height adjustment mechanism 25, and the first horizontal adjustment mechanism 26 and the second horizontal adjustment mechanism 27. In this example, the height of the first height adjustment mechanism 24 when reaching the top is 400mm. When the box beam 7 is adjusted from a height of 300mm to 400mm, the vertical dovetail groove of the first height adjustment mechanism 24 is first adjusted to slide along the track to the top and fixed to complete the initial adaptive adjustment, and then the second height adjustment mechanism 25 is adjusted to make further adaptive micro-adjustments to the height of the welding gun 211 relative to the box beam 7; similarly, the first horizontal adjustment mechanism 26 and the second horizontal adjustment mechanism 27 are adjusted in sequence to adjust the welding gun 211 to a suitable horizontal position relative to the box beam 7, and the secondary adaptive adjustment of the welding gun 211 in the horizontal direction is completed, so that the welding gun 211 can be adjusted in the vertical and horizontal directions according to the box beams 7 of different specifications, so as to meet the automatic welding of the box beams 7 of different specifications of the engineering vehicle.

[0101] Preferably, the first height adjustment mechanism 24 and the first lateral adjustment mechanism 26 adopt a rodless solid dovetail groove structure to quickly complete the initial adaptive adjustment, and the second height adjustment mechanism 25 and the second lateral adjustment mechanism 27 adopt a guide rail screw dovetail groove to achieve the purpose of accurately adjusting the position of the welding gun 211.

[0102] Optional, see Figure 3 As shown, each bridge type clamping device 3 comprises:

[0103] Two supporting columns 31 and a cantilever beam 32, the two supporting columns 31 are fixed on the platform base 1, and the cantilever beam 32 is horizontally arranged and hinged to the end of one of the supporting columns 31;

[0104] A telescopic cylinder 33 is provided in the middle of the cantilever beam 32 . During welding, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 33 extends out and presses against the upper surface of the box beam 7 .

[0105] Specifically, the cantilever beam 32 of the bridge type clamping device 3 adopts a telescopic cylinder 33 and a 90-degree rotation design in the horizontal direction to realize flexible rotation of the cantilever beam 32. When the box beam 7 is ready to be hoisted in, the cantilever beam 32 is in an open state and the telescopic cylinder 33 is in a non-working state; after the box beam 7 is hoisted in, the cantilever beam 32 rotates 90 degrees to the working position, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 33 extends to press the cover plate (positive flex welding) or the bottom plate (reverse flex welding) of the box beam 7. After the welding is completed, the telescopic cylinder 33 is released and the cantilever beam 32 is rotated 90 degrees in the opposite direction to the initial position. At this time, the box beam 7 can be hoisted out, so that the bridge type clamping device 3 can be opened and closed with the hoisting in and out of the box beam 7, avoiding frequent hoisting of the iron forging during manual welding of the iron forging, which is easy to cause harm to the operator.

[0106] Optionally, a locking hole is provided at the free end of the cantilever beam 32, and the other of the two supporting columns 31 is a hollow structure. A cylinder self-locking device 34 is provided inside the supporting column 31, and a push rod is provided at one end of the cylinder self-locking device 34. The cylinder self-locking device pushes the push rod 35 to extend the push rod 45 into the locking hole to lock the cantilever beam 32.

[0107] Specifically, the support column 31 is equipped with a cylinder self-locking device 34. When the cantilever beam 32 rotates ninety degrees to reach the designated working position, the cylinder self-locking device 34 is activated, and the cylinder self-locking device 34 pushes the push rod 35 to push the push rod 35 out and extend it into the locking hole corresponding to the cantilever beam 32, thereby realizing the locking function of the cantilever beam 32 and avoiding misoperation during welding that causes the cantilever beam to be out of the designated working position.

[0108] Optional, see Fig.12 As shown, the transverse pressing and positioning device 5 is a T-shaped structure, and the transverse pressing and positioning device 5 includes:

[0109] A lead screw 51, a lead screw sleeve 52 and a sleeve base 54. One end of the lead screw sleeve 52 is provided with a threaded tube 53. The lead screw 51 is screwed into the threaded tube 53. The other end of the lead screw sleeve 52 is inserted into the sleeve base 54 and is movably connected with the sleeve base 54. The sleeve base 54 is embedded in the platform base 1.

[0110] An abutment joint 55 is provided at one end of the lead screw 51 . The lead screw sleeve 52 is rotated and the lead screw 51 is tightened so that the abutment joint 55 can abut against the side plate of the box beam 7 .

[0111] Specifically, the transverse clamping and positioning device is composed of a lead screw 51, a lead screw sleeve 52 and a sleeve base 54, which together form a fast rotating clamping device, which quickly rotates and retracts into the avoidance space at the bottom of the welding trolley 2 to avoid the welding trolley 2, thereby solving the problem that the transverse clamping and positioning device 5 affects the passability of the welding trolley 2. When the transverse clamping and positioning device 5 is used, the lead screw sleeve 52 is quickly lifted to the required height, and then the lead screw 51 is tightened to laterally clamp the side plate of the box beam 7. At this time, the lead screw sleeve 52 and the sleeve base 54 are under three-point force, that is, the lead screw 51 presses the side plate of the box beam 7 to form a force point, and after the screw sleeve 52 and the sleeve base 54 are tightened, the sleeve base 54 and the platform base 1 form two force points, thereby realizing the height fixation of the transverse clamping and positioning device 5.

[0112] Optional, see Figure 13-14 As shown, each deflection support device 4 includes:

[0113] Two bases 41 and a deflection support block 42, the base 41 includes a first plate 411 and two second plates 412 vertically connected to the two ends of the first plate 411, and the two bases 41 are welded and fixed on the platform base 1;

[0114] A through hole is provided in the middle of the bottom plate 411, and connecting plates 43 are provided at both ends of the deflection support block 42. A circular shaft 44 is provided on one side of the connecting plate 43. The circular shaft 44 is arranged in the through hole so that the deflection support block 42 is rotatably connected to the base 41. The deflection support block 42 can rotate around the circular shaft 44 so that one side abuts against the platform base 1 and the other side abuts against the lower surface of the box beam 7.

[0115] The deflection support block 42 includes an L-shaped first cushion block 421 and a second cushion block 422. The long side of the first cushion block 421 and the long side of the second cushion block 422 are vertically connected. The short sides of the first cushion block 421 and the second cushion block 422 are located on the same side and are respectively provided with a counterweight block 423. The L-shaped first cushion block 421 or the second cushion block 422 is used for clamping the box beam 7.

[0116] The long sides of the first cushion block 421 and the second cushion block 422 are used to support the box beam 7 , and the supporting height of the first cushion block 421 is greater than the supporting height of the second cushion block 422 .

[0117] Specifically, the first pad 421 and the second pad 422 are welded into a whole, and a connecting plate 43 is welded at the end, and then fixedly connected to the base 41 through a circular shaft 44. The base 41 is welded on the platform base 1 between the two guide rails 6. The first pad 421 and the second pad 422 have different L-shaped pad support heights. When the positive and negative deflections of the box beam 7 need to be adapted by the supporting device, the first pad 421 or the second pad 422 can be flipped, and one side of the box beam 7 is close to the L-shaped pad notch 424. After the two states are flipped, the flipping and fixing are both achieved by the connecting plate 43. After flipping, the deflection support block 42 is flush with the lower plane of the bottom plate 41 and abuts against the platform base 1, thereby achieving a fixing effect.

[0118] Furthermore, in order to increase the strength of the deflection support device 4 and to provide auxiliary force during manual flipping, a counterweight block 423 is added on each side of the short side of the L-shaped cushion block.

[0119] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. An automatic welding device for box beams of engineering vehicles, characterized in that: include: A platform base, wherein two sets of parallel guide rails and a plurality of bridge-type clamping devices are provided on the platform base, the box beam to be welded is placed between the two sets of guide rails, and the bridge-type clamping device is used to clamp the box beam in the height direction of the box beam during welding; At least one pair of welding carriages, wherein the pair of welding carriages are slidably connected to the guide rails and are arranged on both sides of the box beam to weld the box beam; A plurality of transverse pressing and positioning devices are arranged between each group of the guide rails and arranged on both sides of the box beam, and are used to press the box beam transversely during welding. An avoidance space is provided between the bottom of the welding trolley and the guide rails. The transverse pressing and positioning devices can be telescopically rotated into the avoidance space to avoid the sliding path of the welding trolley on the guide rails and continue to press the box beam transversely after avoiding. A plurality of deflection support devices, arranged at the lower part of the box beam and used for supporting the box beam to form a preset deflection; Each of the bridge-type clamping devices comprises: Two supporting columns and a cantilever beam, wherein the two supporting columns are fixed on the platform base, and the cantilever beam is horizontally arranged and hinged to the end of one of the supporting columns; A telescopic cylinder is provided in the middle of the cantilever beam, and during welding, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder extends out and presses against the upper surface of the box beam; The transverse pressing and positioning device is a T-shaped structure, and the transverse pressing and positioning device comprises: A lead screw, a lead screw sleeve and a sleeve base, wherein one end of the lead screw sleeve is provided with a threaded barrel, the lead screw is screwed into the threaded barrel, the other end of the lead screw sleeve is inserted into the sleeve base and movably connected with the sleeve base, and the sleeve base is embedded in the platform base; An abutment joint is provided at one end of the lead screw, and the lead screw sleeve is rotated and the lead screw is tightened so that the abutment joint can abut against the side plate of the box beam; Each of the deflection support devices comprises: Two bases and a deflection support block, the base comprising a first plate and two second plates vertically connected to both ends of the first plate, the two bases being welded and fixed on the platform base; A through hole is provided in the middle of the base, connecting plates are provided at both ends of the deflection support block, a circular shaft is provided on one side of the connecting plate, the circular shaft is arranged in the through hole so that the deflection support block is rotatably connected to the base, and the deflection support block can rotate around the circular shaft so that one side abuts against the platform base and the other side abuts against the lower surface of the box beam; The deflection support block includes an L-shaped first pad and a second pad, the long side of the first pad and the long side of the second pad are vertically connected, the short sides of the first pad and the second pad are located on the same side and are respectively provided with a counterweight, and the L-shaped first pad or the second pad is used to clamp the box beam; The long sides of the first cushion block and the second cushion block are used to support the box beam, and the supporting height of the first cushion block is greater than the supporting height of the second cushion block.

2. The automatic welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding carriage is provided with a welding gun swing mechanism at the end close to the box beam, and the welding gun swing mechanism comprises: A fixed plate, one side of which is provided with a motor mounting seat, on which a motor is provided, and an output shaft of the motor passes through the fixed plate and is sequentially connected to a first rotating bearing, an eccentric wheel and a first swing rod; A sliding mechanism, the sliding mechanism is connected to the end of the fixed plate and is located on the same side as the first swing rod, the sliding mechanism is slidably arranged along the height direction of the fixed plate, and a transversely arranged guide groove is provided at the bottom of the sliding mechanism; A second swing arm, one end of the second swing arm is hinged to the first swing arm, and a hinge point thereof is arranged in the guide groove; the other end of the second swing arm is connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft passes through the fixed plate and is sequentially connected to a second rotating bearing and a welding gun adjusting rod, and the welding gun adjusting rod is connected to the welding gun.

3. The automatic welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top and bottom sides of the fixed plate are provided with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate extending horizontally in the same direction, the first connecting plate is provided with a first through hole and two second through holes, the second connecting plate is provided with two third through holes corresponding to the second through holes, and the sliding mechanism comprises: A slider, the slider is a hollow box-shaped structure, the upper and lower surfaces of the slider are provided with a fourth through hole and a fifth through hole arranged on both sides of the fourth through hole, and the guide groove is arranged at the bottom of the slider; A screw rod, the screw rod passes through the first through hole and the fourth through hole and is screwed and fixed to the slider; Two sliding rods are arranged on both sides of the screw rod and pass through the second through hole, the fifth through hole and the third through hole in sequence to be screwed and fixed to the fixing plate.

4. The automatic welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The welding carriage also includes a welding gun fine-tuning mechanism, which is connected to the welding gun swinging mechanism, and the welding gun fine-tuning mechanism includes: A first mounting frame, the first mounting frame is located at the bottom of the welding carriage and above the mounting base of the welding carriage, and a transverse spring adjustment member is provided at the end of the first mounting frame close to the welding gun swing mechanism; A second mounting frame, the second mounting frame is vertically connected to the other end of the first mounting frame away from the welding gun swing mechanism, and a vertical spring adjustment member is provided on the upper portion of the second mounting frame; A third mounting frame, the third mounting frame comprises a first piece, a second piece, a third piece and a fourth piece which are connected vertically in sequence, the first piece is connected to the welding gun swing mechanism, the second piece is connected to the second mounting frame, the vertical spring adjustment piece is connected to the third piece, and the fourth piece extends along the guide rail and is provided with a guide wheel mounting seat at its end; The guide wheel mounting seat is equipped with a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel arranged at right angles. The first guide wheel can press the upper surface of the cover plate of the box beam under the action of the vertical spring adjusting member, and the second guide wheel can cling to the side of the cover plate of the box beam under the action of the transverse spring adjusting member.

5. The automatic welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transverse spring adjustment member includes a first screw and a first spring sleeved on the first screw, the first screw is passed through the first mounting frame and the mounting base and is screwed and fixed to the first mounting frame, and two ends of the first spring abut against the first mounting frame and the mounting base of the welding carriage respectively; The vertical spring adjustment member includes a second screw rod and a second spring sleeved on the second screw rod, the second screw rod passes through the second mounting frame and the third member and is screwed and fixed to the second mounting frame, and two ends of the second spring respectively abut the second mounting frame and the third member.

6. The automatic welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The welding carriage further comprises a first height adjustment mechanism and a second height adjustment mechanism, and a first lateral adjustment mechanism and a second lateral adjustment mechanism, wherein the second lateral adjustment mechanism is connected to the second height adjustment mechanism via a slide connecting plate, and the first height adjustment mechanism, the first lateral adjustment mechanism, the second height adjustment mechanism and the second lateral adjustment mechanism are all dovetail slide structures; The track of the first lateral adjustment mechanism is arranged on the mounting base, and the dovetail groove of the first lateral adjustment mechanism is arranged on the first mounting frame; The slide groove connecting plate comprises a bottom surface and a side surface perpendicular to the bottom surface; The track of the second transverse adjustment mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface of the slide groove connecting plate, and the dovetail groove of the second transverse adjustment mechanism is arranged on the first piece of the third mounting frame; The track of the first height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the second mounting frame, and the dovetail groove of the second height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the second piece of the third mounting frame; The track of the second height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the side of the slide groove connecting plate, and the dovetail groove of the second height adjustment mechanism is arranged on the fixing plate of the welding gun swing mechanism.

7. The automatic welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking hole is provided at the free end of the cantilever beam, and the other of the two supporting columns is a hollow structure. A cylinder self-locking device is provided inside the supporting column, and a push rod is provided at one end of the cylinder self-locking device. The cylinder self-locking device pushes the push rod to extend the push rod into the locking hole to lock the cantilever beam.

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