High voltage generating circuit, cleaning system and method suitable for ionospheric satellite payload

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage generating circuit, a cleaning system and a method suitable for an ionospheric satellite payload. The positive electrode of a power supply is respectively connected in parallel with a capacitor C1, a mutual inductance transformer coil La and a mutual inductance transformer coil Lc. The mutual inductance transformer coil Lc is also connected in series with a diode D1, a resistor R1, a switch S1 and a base of a transistor Q1 in sequence. The mutual inductance transformer coil La is connected in series with the collector of the transistor Q1. The emitter of the transistor Q1, the negative electrode of the power supply and the capacitor C1 are all grounded. The secondary mutual inductance transformer coils Lb and Ld are connected in series for outputting voltage. The circuit can stably output medium and high voltages, and can safely and efficiently complete the cleaning of a front-end signal acquisition device in a short time. The invention meets the working conditions of a small satellite with low-voltage direct current power supply, and effectively guarantees the cleanliness of an on-orbit satellite ionospheric detection payload, and the accuracy and reliability of detection data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of space plasma research and space physics science and technology, and in particular to a high voltage generating circuit, a cleaning system and a method suitable for ionospheric satellite payloads. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Retarsion potential analyzer (RPA) and Langmuir probe (LP) are commonly used sensors for space plasma detection and are of great significance in in-situ detection of the ionosphere.

[0004] The blocking potential analyzer is a multi-layer grid structure. By configuring the potential of each grid, ions of different energy levels can be screened out to form a volt-ampere characteristic curve, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0005] The principle of Langmuir probe is similar to that of blocking potential analyzer. Langmuir probe is a columnar structure. By providing bias voltage to the metal probe, the probe voltage produces a potential value that is positive or negative relative to the plasma potential. It can collect ions or electrons in the plasma to form a volt-ampere characteristic curve. In this curve, the probe bias voltage has a certain relationship with the collected current value, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0006] Common ionospheric plasma detection payloads include Langmuir probes, retarding potential analyzers, ion drift meters, etc. Under normal circumstances, the detection payload surface is clean in ionospheric working conditions, and the measured data signal does not have hysteresis. However, when the coating on the satellite surface is damaged by high-energy particles and contaminates the payload sensor, or when neutral particles are adsorbed on the surface of the payload sensor, or when there are loopholes in the protection of the payload before the ground launch, resulting in surface oxidation and contamination of the payload sensor, etc., the payload will cause deviations in the measurement of ionospheric plasma data signals, and there will be a significant gap between the detected data and the expected data, which will directly affect the reliability and accuracy of the scientific data detected by the final sensor.

[0007] For example: when adsorption contamination, oxidation contamination and other problems occur on the surface of the load sensor, the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the sensor will change. The typical feature is the hysteresis phenomenon of the periodic scanning signal, that is, the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by gradually increasing the potential from a small potential is inconsistent with the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by gradually decreasing the potential from a large potential, but an obvious offset phenomenon occurs.

[0008] The pollution causes obvious hysteresis in the volt-ampere characteristic curve, which in turn causes changes in the key signal characteristics in the volt-ampere characteristic curve. Therefore, the ionospheric data obtained by analyzing the polluted curve will inevitably be accompanied by huge errors, seriously affecting the authenticity, reliability and accuracy of the data.

[0009] For the cleaning of ionospheric detection payload contamination, due to the special working conditions of the satellite, it is impossible to provide a higher voltage for the circuit, and only a low-voltage DC power supply can be provided. Therefore, the traditional method mostly uses low-voltage heating to clean the contamination of Langmuir probes, that is, applying a bias voltage of about ten volts to the probe, or using external low-voltage heating to increase the probe temperature, so as to achieve the effect of cleaning the contamination on the probe surface. However, the traditional method is accompanied by undesirable factors such as long heating cleaning time and poor cleaning effect, especially for oxidation problems, pollutant adsorption problems, etc. The cleaning effect is relatively small. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a high-voltage generating circuit, a cleaning system and a method suitable for ionospheric satellite payloads, which can stably output medium and high voltages, can safely and efficiently complete the cleaning of the front-end signal acquisition device in a short time, meet the working conditions of small satellites with low-voltage DC power supply, and effectively guarantee the cleanliness of the ionospheric detection payload of the on-orbit satellite, and the accuracy and reliability of the detection data.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] Firstly, a high voltage generating circuit suitable for ionospheric satellite payload is proposed, including a power supply, a capacitor C1, a transistor Q1, a diode D1, a resistor R1, a switch S1 and a Tesla coil, wherein the Tesla coil includes a primary mutual inductance transformer coil La, Lc and a secondary mutual inductance transformer coil Lb, Ld;

[0013] Among them, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, the mutual inductance transformer coil La and the mutual inductance transformer coil Lc respectively, the mutual inductance transformer coil Lc is also connected in series with the diode D1, the resistor R1, the switch S1 and the base of the transistor Q1 in sequence, the mutual inductance transformer coil La is connected in series with the collector of the transistor Q1, the emitter of the transistor Q1, the negative electrode of the power supply and the capacitor C1 are all grounded, and the secondary mutual inductance transformer coils Lb and Ld are connected in series for output voltage.

[0014] Furthermore, the resistor R1 is a programmable resistor.

[0015] Further, the Tesla coil is an offline Tesla coil, a solid-state Tesla coil, a dual-resonance Tesla coil, a continuous wave dual-resonance solid-state Tesla coil, a vacuum tube Tesla coil or a spark gap Tesla coil.

[0016] In the second aspect, a high-voltage cleaning system suitable for ionospheric satellite payloads is proposed, comprising: the high-voltage generating circuit, weak signal detection circuit and switching circuit proposed in the first aspect;

[0017] The output end of the high voltage generating circuit is connected to the front-end signal acquisition device;

[0018] The weak signal detection circuit is connected to the front-end signal acquisition device;

[0019] A switching circuit is provided between the high voltage generating circuit, the weak signal detecting circuit and the front-end signal collecting device, and the switching circuit is used to control the front-end signal collecting device to be connected with the high voltage generating circuit, or the front-end signal collecting device to be connected with the weak signal detecting circuit.

[0020] Furthermore, the switching circuit is connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control the switching logic of the switching circuit.

[0021] Furthermore, the switching circuit adopts a relay.

[0022] Furthermore, the weak signal detection circuit includes an operational amplifier circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit connected to each other, and the operational amplifier circuit is connected to a front-end signal acquisition device.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a power supply circuit, which is respectively connected to the high-voltage generating circuit, the control circuit and the front-end signal acquisition device.

[0024] Furthermore, the front-end signal acquisition device is a Langmuir probe, a blocking potential analyzer or an ion drift meter.

[0025] Thirdly, a high-pressure cleaning method suitable for ionospheric satellite payloads is proposed, including:

[0026] The switching circuit controls the front-end signal acquisition device to be connected to the weak signal detection circuit, and obtains the signal collected by the front-end signal acquisition device through the weak signal detection circuit;

[0027] The switching circuit controls the front-end signal acquisition device to be connected to the high-voltage generating circuit, and the high-voltage generating circuit provides high voltage to the front-end signal acquisition device for cleaning.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The high-voltage generating circuit of the present invention can stably output medium and high voltages, and can safely and efficiently complete the cleaning of the front-end signal acquisition device in a short time, which meets the working conditions of small satellites with low-voltage DC power supply, and effectively guarantees the cleanliness of the ionosphere detection payload of the on-orbit satellite, and the accuracy and reliability of the detection data.

[0030] 2. The resistor R1 of the present invention is a programmable resistor, so the output voltage of the high-voltage generating circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the programmable resistor R1, thereby obtaining a safer and more efficient voltage for cleaning the front-end signal acquisition device, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the cleaning of the front-end signal acquisition device.

[0031] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0033] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of the circuit disclosed in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 2 A simplified model of the circuit disclosed in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of the system disclosed in Example 2;

[0036] Figure 4 The volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by the blocking potential analyzer;

[0037] Figure 5 The voltammetric characteristic curve obtained for the Langmuir probe;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the output voltage of the circuit disclosed in Example 1 when the resistor R1 has a first resistance value;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the output voltage of the circuit disclosed in Example 1 when the resistor R1 has a second resistance value;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the output voltage of the circuit disclosed in Example 1 when the resistor R1 has a third resistance value;

[0041] Fig. 9 This is the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained by the blocking potential analyzer under the pollution state;

[0042] Fig.10 This is the volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained under the Langmuir probe contamination state;

[0043] Fig.11 The volt-ampere characteristic curve obtained after the contaminated blocking potential analyzer is cleaned using the circuit disclosed in Example 1;

[0044] Fig.12This is a graph of the volt-ampere characteristic obtained after the contaminated Langmuir probe is cleaned using the circuit disclosed in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] In this embodiment, a high voltage generating circuit suitable for an ionospheric satellite payload is disclosed, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a power supply V1, a capacitor C1, a transistor Q1, a diode D1, a resistor R1, a switch S1 and a Tesla coil, and the Tesla coil includes a primary mutual inductance transformer coil La, Lc and a secondary mutual inductance transformer coil Lb, Ld;

[0050] Among them, the positive electrode of the power supply V1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, the mutual inductance transformer coil La and the mutual inductance transformer coil Lc respectively, the mutual inductance transformer coil Lc is also connected in series with the diode D1, the resistor R1, the switch S1 and the base of the transistor Q1 in sequence, the mutual inductance transformer coil La is connected in series with the collector of the transistor Q1, the emitter of the transistor Q1, the negative electrode of the power supply and the capacitor C1 are all grounded, and the secondary mutual inductance transformer coils Lb and Ld are connected in series for output voltage.

[0051] The switch S1 adopts a controllable analog switch, and the Tesla coil adopts an offline Tesla coil, a solid-state Tesla coil, a dual-resonance Tesla coil, a continuous wave dual-resonance solid-state Tesla coil, a vacuum tube Tesla coil or a spark gap Tesla coil.

[0052] The high-voltage generating circuit proposed in this embodiment can stably output medium and high voltages. When the output end of the secondary mutual inductance transformer coils Lb and Ld is connected in series to the front-end signal acquisition device of the satellite, the cleaning work of the front-end signal acquisition device can be completed safely and efficiently in a short time, which meets the working conditions of small satellites with low-voltage DC power supply, and effectively guarantees the cleanliness of the ionosphere detection payload of the on-orbit satellite and the accuracy and reliability of the detection data.

[0053] In order to adjust the output voltage of the high voltage generating circuit proposed in this embodiment, the resistor R1 is a programmable resistor.

[0054] The simplified model of the high voltage generating circuit proposed in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0055] The simplified model includes a primary resonant circuit and a secondary resonant circuit, where the left and right sides are the primary circuit and the secondary circuit respectively. The primary circuit is composed of the main capacitor C1, the primary coil inductance L1, etc., and the secondary resonant circuit is composed of the secondary coil inductance L2, the equivalent capacitance to ground C2 and the discharge terminal. L1 is the equivalent of La and Lc, and L2 is the equivalent of Lb and Ld. If U1 is given as the input voltage of the Tesla coil, the resonant frequency of the primary circuit is f1, which is determined by the primary coil inductance L1 and the capacitor C1 in the primary circuit; the resonant frequency of the secondary circuit is f2, which is determined by the secondary coil inductance L2 and the equivalent capacitance to ground C2 in the secondary circuit. The mutual inductance between the primary coil and the secondary coil is recorded as M.

[0056] For the resonant frequencies f1 and f2, we have:

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] When the frequencies of the two are equal, that is, f1=f2, the Tesla coil realizes a dual-resonance circuit, the voltage gain of the Tesla coil is the highest, and the output voltage is the highest.

[0060] Let the coil coupling coefficient be k,

[0061] Let p be the square ratio of the resonant angular frequency of the primary coil to that of the secondary coil, then

[0062] The maximum amplitude of the output voltage of the secondary circuit is denoted as V, then:

[0063]

[0064] Through Figure 2From the analysis of the formula provided above, it can be deduced that the output high voltage can be regulated and limited by changing the input voltage.

[0065] In addition, this embodiment can also adjust the input and output voltages by programming the programmable resistor R1, and by calculating and adjusting the coil parameters, the output end of the high voltage generating circuit can be controlled to output an adjustable medium-high voltage between 50V and 5kV.

[0066] The high voltage generating circuit disclosed in this embodiment is built in the simulation software, and the output voltage is adjusted by programming the programmable resistor R1, and the result is as follows: Figure 6 , 7 , as shown in Figure 8.

[0067] Through verification, it can be known that the high-voltage generating circuit disclosed in this embodiment can effectively output medium and high voltages within the range, the output time can reach tens of seconds to dozens of seconds, the output voltage time stability is good, and the overall indicators of the adjustable high-voltage generating circuit meet the design requirements.

[0068] When the high-voltage generating circuit disclosed in this embodiment is applied to the cleaning of the front-end signal acquisition device of the satellite, the cleaning effect of the front-end signal acquisition device of the satellite is verified.

[0069] The front-end signal acquisition device uses two types: blocking potential analyzer and Langmuir probe.

[0070] The blocking potential analyzer and Langmuir probe were placed in an air environment for 72 hours to allow the sensor surface to absorb contamination and an oxide layer. The blocking potential analyzer and Langmuir probe were then placed in a vacuum chamber plasma environment to collect signals, and the voltammetric characteristic curves were obtained as shown below. Fig. 9 , 10 shown.

[0071] When the sensor is contaminated, both the blocking potential analyzer and the Langmuir probe have obvious hysteresis, and the transition zone characteristics of the Langmuir probe are not obvious, and the curve has obvious contamination characteristics.

[0072] The high voltage generating circuit disclosed in this embodiment is used to clean the blocking potential analyzer and the Langmuir probe. The cleaning time is 3 seconds. The blocking potential analyzer and the Langmuir probe sensor are used again to collect signals. The volt-ampere characteristic curves are as follows: Fig.11 , 12 As shown, through Fig.11 , 12 It can be seen that the sensor no longer has hysteresis after a short period of high-pressure cleaning. The inflection point characteristics of the transition zone of the Langmuir probe's volt-ampere characteristic curve are clear and obvious without hysteresis, and the hysteresis phenomenon of the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the blocking potential analyzer also disappears, proving that the contamination of each sensor has been effectively removed.

[0073] In response to the pollution problem of the commonly used in-situ detection sensors of the ionosphere during on-orbit operation, this embodiment proposes a high-voltage generating circuit. After simulation experiments and actual experiments, the output voltage meets the design range. When used for sensor cleaning, the hysteresis phenomenon of the contaminated sensor disappears, and the pollution is effectively removed, verifying the safety, effectiveness, and reliability of the high-voltage generating circuit disclosed in this embodiment. In summary, this embodiment can safely and efficiently complete the cleaning of the ionosphere detection payload pollution in a short time, meets the working conditions of small satellites with low-voltage DC power supply, and effectively guarantees the cleanliness of the on-orbit satellite ionosphere detection payload, the accuracy and reliability of the detection data.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] In this embodiment, a high pressure cleaning system suitable for use in ionospheric satellite payloads is disclosed, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes: the high voltage generating circuit disclosed in Example 1, the weak signal detection circuit, the switching circuit, the control circuit (MCU) and the power supply circuit.

[0076] Among them, the output end of the high-voltage generating circuit is connected to the front-end signal acquisition device. When the front-end signal acquisition device needs to be cleaned, the medium and high voltage for cleaning is provided to the front-end signal acquisition device.

[0077] The weak signal detection circuit is connected to the front-end signal acquisition device and is used to obtain the signal collected by the front-end signal acquisition device.

[0078] A switching circuit is provided between the high voltage generating circuit, the weak signal detecting circuit and the front-end signal collecting device, and the switching circuit is used to control the front-end signal collecting device to be connected with the high voltage generating circuit, or the front-end signal collecting device to be connected with the weak signal detecting circuit.

[0079] The switching circuit is connected to the control circuit. The control circuit is used to control the switching logic of the switching circuit, connect the front-end signal acquisition device with the weak signal detection circuit, or connect the front-end signal acquisition device with the high-voltage generating circuit for switching. It is responsible for the logic control and signal transmission of the entire system and completes the control and sending of various instructions.

[0080] Specifically, the front-end signal acquisition device is an all-in-one probe load sensor, such as a Langmuir probe, a retarding potential analyzer or an ion drift meter.

[0081] The switching circuit adopts relay.

[0082] The weak signal detection circuit includes an operational amplifier circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit connected to each other. The operational amplifier circuit is connected to a front-end signal acquisition device. The signal collected by the front-end signal acquisition device is amplified by the operational amplifier circuit, and the amplified signal is converted into an analog-to-digital signal by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit.

[0083] The power supply circuit is respectively connected with the high voltage generating circuit, the control circuit and the front-end signal collecting device to provide power for the high voltage generating circuit, the control circuit and the front-end signal collecting device.

[0084] The power supply circuit adopts an isolated power supply circuit, which is designed as an isolated power supply mode to form effective electrical isolation from the host power supply unit, thereby improving the electrical safety and reliability of the entire system.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] In this embodiment, a high-pressure cleaning method applicable to an ionospheric satellite payload is disclosed, comprising:

[0087] The switching circuit controls the front-end signal acquisition device to be connected to the weak signal detection circuit, and obtains the signal collected by the front-end signal acquisition device through the weak signal detection circuit;

[0088] The switching circuit controls the front-end signal acquisition device to be connected to the high-voltage generating circuit, and the high-voltage generating circuit provides high voltage to the front-end signal acquisition device for cleaning.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high pressure cleaning system for ionospheric satellite payloads, characterized in that: include: High voltage generating circuit, weak signal detecting circuit and switching circuit; The output end of the high voltage generating circuit is connected to the front-end signal acquisition device; The weak signal detection circuit is connected to the front-end signal acquisition device; A switching circuit is provided between the high voltage generating circuit, the weak signal detecting circuit and the front-end signal collecting device, and the switching circuit is used to control the front-end signal collecting device to be connected to the high voltage generating circuit, or the front-end signal collecting device to be connected to the weak signal detecting circuit; The weak signal detection circuit includes an operational amplifier circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit connected to each other, and the operational amplifier circuit is connected to a front-end signal acquisition device; The high voltage generating circuit comprises: a power supply, a capacitor C1, a transistor Q1, a diode D1, a resistor R1, a switch S1 and a Tesla coil; the Tesla coil comprises a primary mutual inductance transformer coil La, Lc and a secondary mutual inductance transformer coil Lb, Ld; Among them, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, the mutual inductance transformer coil La and the mutual inductance transformer coil Lc respectively, the mutual inductance transformer coil Lc is also connected in series with the diode D1, the resistor R1, the switch S1 and the base of the transistor Q1 in sequence, the mutual inductance transformer coil La is connected in series with the collector of the transistor Q1, the emitter of the transistor Q1, the negative electrode of the power supply and the capacitor C1 are all grounded, and the secondary mutual inductance transformer coils Lb and Ld are connected in series for output voltage.

2. The high-pressure cleaning system for ionospheric satellite payloads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistor R1 is a programmable resistor.

3. The high-pressure cleaning system for ionospheric satellite payloads according to claim 1, characterized in that: Tesla coils are available in offline Tesla coils, solid state Tesla coils, dual resonance Tesla coils, continuous wave dual resonance solid state Tesla coils, vacuum tube Tesla coils or spark gap Tesla coils.

4. The high-pressure cleaning system for ionospheric satellite payloads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching circuit is connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control the switching logic of the switching circuit.

5. The high-pressure cleaning system for ionospheric satellite payloads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching circuit adopts relay.

6. The high-pressure cleaning system for ionospheric satellite payloads according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply circuit, which is respectively connected to the high-voltage generating circuit, the control circuit and the front-end signal acquisition device.

7. The high-pressure cleaning system for ionospheric satellite payloads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front-end signal acquisition device is a Langmuir probe, a blocking potential analyzer or an ion drift meter.

8. A high-pressure cleaning method for ionospheric satellite payloads, characterized in that: include: The switching circuit controls the front-end signal acquisition device to be connected to the weak signal detection circuit, and obtains the signal collected by the front-end signal acquisition device through the weak signal detection circuit; The switching circuit controls the front-end signal acquisition device to be connected to the high-voltage generating circuit, and the high-voltage generating circuit provides high voltage to the front-end signal acquisition device for cleaning; The weak signal detection circuit includes an operational amplifier circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit connected to each other, and the operational amplifier circuit is connected to a front-end signal acquisition device; The high voltage generating circuit comprises: a power supply, a capacitor C1, a transistor Q1, a diode D1, a resistor R1, a switch S1 and a Tesla coil; the Tesla coil comprises a primary mutual inductance transformer coil La, Lc and a secondary mutual inductance transformer coil Lb, Ld; Among them, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, the mutual inductance transformer coil La and the mutual inductance transformer coil Lc respectively, the mutual inductance transformer coil Lc is also connected in series with the diode D1, the resistor R1, the switch S1 and the base of the transistor Q1 in sequence, the mutual inductance transformer coil La is connected in series with the collector of the transistor Q1, the emitter of the transistor Q1, the negative electrode of the power supply and the capacitor C1 are all grounded, and the secondary mutual inductance transformer coils Lb and Ld are connected in series for output voltage.

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