A bionic articulator
By setting up condyle grooves, condyle balls and rotatable median lock structures on the occlusion frame, multiple movement simulations of the mandible body are achieved, and the problem that the existing occlusion frame cannot effectively simulate the complex movement of the human oral and jaw system is improved. The authenticity and effectiveness of teaching.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210841016.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-07-18
AI Technical Summary
The existing occlusion frame devices cannot effectively simulate the complex movement of the human oral and jaw system in teaching, especially lateral movements and forward extension movements, making it difficult for beginners to understand and master relevant knowledge.
A bionic occlusion frame was designed to simulate the rotation, translation and lateral movement of the mandible body by setting the condylar groove and condylar ball on the maxillary body and mandible body with a rotatable median lock and arc surface structure. Various states of movement of the human jaw.
This bionic occlusion frame can truly simulate the morphological structure and functional movement of the oral and jaw system, meet teaching needs, and help beginners more intuitively understand the movement principles of the human oral and jaw system.
Smart Images
Figure CN115294844B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oral medicine teaching appliances, in particular to a bionic articulator. Background Art
[0002] The articulator is a clinical instrument in the field of stomatology. It is mainly used to transfer the patient's jaw position to the articulator for in vitro analysis by dentists. It has high professional and theoretical requirements, and accordingly, it also has high requirements for the physician's experience and operability.
[0003] In the prior art, from the perspective of teaching of occlusion, since the complex structure and functional activities of the human oral and maxillofacial system cannot be directly observed from outside the body, corresponding teaching molds need to be used. However, the semi-adjustable and fully adjustable articulator devices widely used in clinical practice have a structure that is very different from the human body structure and lack motor functions. For example, lateral oral movement and protrusive movement cannot be performed, which is not conducive to beginners to accurately understand and master the relevant knowledge, resulting in it being difficult for beginners to achieve the requirement of applying what they have learned in the use of clinical articulator devices. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a bionic articulator which improves bionic performance and movement function and can demonstrate a variety of movement function modes to meet teaching needs.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0006] A bionic articulator comprises an upper jaw and a lower jaw, wherein two sides of the lower jaw are provided with condylar grooves, the condylar grooves are provided with protruding condylar guide angles, and two sides of the upper jaw are provided with condylar balls, the condylar balls are movably assembled with the condylar grooves;
[0007] A rotatable median lock is installed in the condylar groove, and a guide groove is provided at one end of the condylar groove. The median lock has an inwardly concave arc surface, and the arc surface is used to cooperate with the guide groove and the condylar ball: when the median lock rotates into the guide groove and is stuck in the guide groove, the arc surface no longer blocks the condylar ball, and the condylar ball can slide along the condylar groove at the forward condylar guide angle. At this time, the mandibular body can simultaneously rotate and translate relative to the maxillary body to simulate the movement state when the condylar translation and mandibular rotation occur simultaneously when the human mandible is opened wide; when the median lock rotates out of the guide groove, the arc surface can block the condylar ball from sliding along the condylar groove and remain in the initial position. At this time, the mandibular body can only rotate relative to the maxillary body to simulate the rotational movement state when the human mandible is opened wide.
[0008] Further technical solutions are:
[0009] The condylar groove is provided with a lateral condylar guide angle, which is used to achieve: one side of the condylar ball is in the initial position, and the other side of the condylar ball slides along the condylar groove at the lateral condylar guide angle, so as to achieve lateral movement of the mandibular body as a whole relative to the maxillary body, so as to simulate the lateral rotation of the human mandible to the left or right side.
[0010] The upper and lower jaw bodies are provided with corresponding fixing buckles, and the bionic muscles can be mounted between the corresponding fixing buckles.
[0011] Articular discs are arranged at the contact positions on both sides of the mandibular body and the maxillary body to simulate the elastic articular disc tissue in the human temporomandibular joint.
[0012] The condylar ball is fixed to the inner end of a support column penetrating the condylar groove, and the outer end of the support column is provided with a limiting portion for preventing the support column from escaping from the condylar groove, and the limiting portion is connected to the mandibular body.
[0013] The center lock also has a handle portion.
[0014] Both the maxillary body and the mandibular body are provided with a tray fixing groove for fixing the tooth model; a magnetic connection structure can be adopted between the tray fixing groove and the tooth model.
[0015] The upper and lower jaws are bionic in design.
[0016] The structure of the bionic articulator also includes a bracket and a base, and the maxillary body is connected to the base via the bracket.
[0017] The outer side of the bracket is wrapped with a rubber sleeve.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0019] The present invention can realistically simulate the morphological structure and functional movement of the oral and maxillary system, and can switch between two functional forms according to different purposes of use, which is a property that neither ordinary anatomical teaching aids nor clinical articulators have. On the one hand, as an auxiliary training tool, it can be used to demonstrate the structure and operation knowledge of a simple articulator, such as understanding the operation of the condylar groove and the upper tooth model, so that beginners can understand and master how the articulator simulates the jaw position relationship of the human body. On the other hand, as a demonstration tool, the teaching articulator is equipped with a masticatory muscle rubber band and a tooth model to unify factors such as mandibular movement, occlusion, joints and muscles for beginners to understand and recognize, so that the movement principle of the human oral and maxillary system can be seen more intuitively. The masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint can be linked to each other, which is convenient for students to understand how the parameters in the articulator correspond to the human body: the condylar guide angle affects human movement, how different masticatory muscles affect mandibular movement, the influence of the condylar articular disc on mandibular movement, etc. The above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view detail diagram of the condylar groove and condylar ball assembly structure of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 3 It is a top view detail view of the condylar groove and condylar ball assembly structure of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 4 The figure is a trend diagram of the movement trajectories of the mandibular body and the condyle when the mandibular body of the present invention moves to the right.
[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Another view of the (hidden bionic muscle).
[0025] In the figure: 1. maxillary body; 2. bracket fixing groove; 3. mandibular body; 4. base; 5. rubber sleeve; 6. articular disc; 7. screw; 8. fixing buckle; 9. bracket; 10. median lock; 101. arc surface; 102. handle; 11. condylar ball; 12. condylar groove; 13. bionic muscle; 14. guide groove; 15. support column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0027] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bionic articulator of this embodiment comprises an upper jaw body 1 and a lower jaw body 3, wherein the lower jaw body 1 is provided with condylar grooves 12 on both sides, and the condylar grooves 12 are provided with an anterior condylar guide angle, and the upper jaw body 3 is provided with condylar balls 11 on both sides, and the condylar balls 11 are movably assembled with the condylar grooves 12;
[0028] The condylar groove 12 is provided with a rotatable central lock 10, one end of which is provided with a guide groove 14. The central lock 10 has a concave arc surface 101, and the arc surface 101 is used to cooperate with the guide groove and the condylar ball 11: when the central lock 10 rotates in the guide groove 14 ( Figure 2 The cambered surface 101 no longer blocks the condyle ball 11, and the condyle ball 11 can slide along the condyle groove 12 at the forward condyle guide angle. At this time, the mandibular body 3 can simultaneously rotate and translate relative to the maxillary body 1 to simulate the movement state when the condyle translation and mandibular rotation occur simultaneously when the human mandible is opened wide; when the central lock 10 is rotated outwardly from the guide groove 14 to the position shown in the middle arrow direction and inserted into the guide groove 14, the cambered surface 101 no longer blocks the condyle ball 11, and the condyle ball 11 can slide along the condyle groove 12 at the forward condyle guide angle. At this time, the mandibular body 3 can simultaneously rotate and translate relative to the maxillary body 1 to simulate the movement state when the condyle translation and mandibular rotation occur simultaneously when the human mandible is opened wide; Figure 2 In the state shown, the arc surface 101 can prevent the condylar ball 11 from sliding along the condylar groove 12 and keep it in the initial position. At this time, the mandibular body 3 can only rotate relative to the maxillary body 1 to simulate the rotational movement state of the human mandible when it is opened.
[0029] The protruding condyle guide angle is preferably set to 30°, which can be adjusted as needed during part processing. Figure 2 As shown, those skilled in the art can understand that the protrusive condylar guide angle is the angle between the direction in which the condylar groove 12 tilts forward (in the front of the oral cavity) and downward and the horizontal plane. The median lock 10 is rotated upward so that the arc surface 101 no longer blocks the condylar ball 11. Under the guidance of the protrusive condylar guide angle, the condylar ball 11 can move downward along the condylar groove 12 to achieve sliding fit between the condylar ball 11 and the condylar groove 12, and at the same time, rolling fit can also be performed between the two, that is, the mandibular body 3 can simultaneously rotate and translate relative to the maxillary body 1. Conversely, when the median lock 10 is rotated downward, the arc surface 101 blocks the condylar ball 11 to prevent it from moving downward, and the condylar ball 11 and the condylar groove 12 only perform rolling fit, that is, the mandibular body 3 can only perform rotational movement relative to the maxillary body 1.
[0030] In order to keep the temporomandibular joint structure stable when the mandibular body of the articulator moves, the bionic articulator of this embodiment is provided with a condylar groove at the lower part of the maxillary body, and a condylar ball of the mandibular body guided by the protruding condyle can be inserted into the condylar groove, so that the mandibular body can complete human-like rotation, translation and other movements. Compared with the existing Chinese articulator, which is too mechanical and has a large structural design that is too different from the human body structure, the solution of this embodiment can truly simulate the morphological structure and functional movement of the oral and maxillary system, so that beginners can feel the visualized theoretical knowledge and preliminarily learn the function and operation of the articulator, which is helpful to cultivate certain clinical thinking.
[0031] See also Figure 3 In the above embodiment, the condylar groove 12 is provided with a lateral condylar guide angle, which is used to achieve: one side of the condylar ball 11 is in the initial position, and the other side of the condylar ball 11 slides along the condylar groove 12 at the lateral condylar guide angle, so as to realize the lateral movement of the mandibular body 3 as a whole relative to the maxillary body 1, so as to simulate the lateral rotation of the human mandible to the left or right side.
[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the lateral condylar guide angle is the projection of the angle between the lateral surface of the condylar groove 12 (outside the mouth) and the sagittal plane of the human body on the horizontal plane, that is, the angle formed by the trajectory of the non-working side condyle ball moving forward (front of the mouth), downward, and inward on the horizontal plane and the sagittal plane, which is preferably 15°. This angle can be adjusted as needed during part processing.
[0033] The presence of the lateral condylar guidance angle allows Figure 4 The movement shown keeps the condyle ball on one side (the working side condyle ball) in the initial position, and the condyle ball on the other side (the non-working side condyle ball) slides along the 15° inclination direction of the lateral condyle guide angle to achieve lateral movement of the entire mandibular body 3. Figure 4The arrow in the figure shows the movement trajectory of the mandibular body and condyle when the mandibular body moves to the right. The movement trajectory of the condyle on the non-working side is shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 Indicated by the double arrows.
[0034] Specifically, the lateral condylar guide angle of the condylar groove 12 is 15°, and the lateral condylar guide angle is used to achieve: one side of the condylar ball 11 is in the initial position, and the other side of the condylar ball 11 slides forward along the condylar groove 16 along the inclined direction of the lateral condylar guide angle with the sagittal plane. The motion trajectory at this angle can be referred to Figure 3 As shown by the middle arrow, this movement process can realize the lateral movement of the mandibular body 3 as a whole, similar to the lateral rotation of the human mandible to the left or right.
[0035] The angle between the trajectory of the non-working condyle ball moving downward, forward, and medially and the sagittal plane can be referred to Figure 4 The arrow in the figure indicates the movement trajectory trend of the mandibular body and condyle when the mandibular body moves to the right side. The opposite is true when the mandibular body moves to the left side.
[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above embodiment, corresponding fixing buckles 8 are provided on the outer surfaces of both sides of the maxillary body 1 and the mandibular body 3, and the bionic muscles 13 can be mounted between the corresponding fixing buckles 8 on the maxillary body 1 and the mandibular body 3.
[0037] The bionic muscle 13 can use elastic materials such as springs and rubber bands to simulate muscles to provide tension and simulate the main oral and maxillofacial muscles of the human body. By disassembling and installing different muscles, learners can intuitively understand the role of different muscles in mandibular movement.
[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, articular discs 6 are provided at the contact positions on both sides of the mandibular body 3 and the maxillary body 1, and are used to simulate the elastic articular disc tissue in the human temporomandibular joint.
[0039] The articular disc 6 can be made of elastic materials such as rubber and plastic to simulate the elastic articular disc tissue in the human temporomandibular joint, so that learners can understand the position and elastic buffering effect of the articular disc in the stomatognathic system.
[0040] Specifically, the maxillary body 1 and the mandibular body 3 are both bionic configurations.
[0041] This embodiment has good bionics, and has chewing muscles and temporomandibular joints, which can be linked to each other, making it easy for beginners to understand how the parameters in the articulator correspond to the human body: how the condylar guide angle affects human body movement, how different chewing muscles affect mandibular movement, and the effect of the condylar articular disc on mandibular movement.
[0042] See also Figure 3In the above embodiment, the condylar ball 11 is fixed to the inner end of a support column 15 passing through the condylar groove 12, and the outer end of the support column 15 is provided with a limiting portion to prevent the support column 15 from escaping from the condylar groove 12, and the limiting portion is connected to the mandibular body 3.
[0043] See also Figure 2 In the above embodiment, the center lock 10 also has a handle portion 102 to facilitate the adjustment of the rotation of the center lock 10.
[0044] See also Figure 1 In the above embodiment, both the maxillary body 1 and the mandibular body 3 are provided with a tray fixing groove 2 for fixing the tooth model.
[0045] A magnetic connection structure can be used between the dental tray fixing slot 2 and the tooth model. The magnetic dental model simplifies the process of installing the dental model, and the influence of the tooth incision on the mandibular movement can be simulated through the occlusion of the denture.
[0046] See also Figure 1 The structure of the bionic articulator in the above embodiment further includes a bracket 9 and a base 4, and the maxillary body 1 is connected to the base 4 via the bracket 9. The maxillary body 1 is fixed by the bracket 9, and the mandibular movement is completed by the movement of the mandibular body 3.
[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the two sides of the maxillary body 1 are fixedly connected to the top of a bracket 9 by screws 7, and the bottoms of the two brackets 9 are fixed to the two sides of the upper surface of the base 4 by screws. The outer side of the bracket 9 is wrapped with a rubber sleeve 5. The base 4 with a wide bottom can better maintain the balance and stability of the articulator.
[0048] The bionic articulator of the present application is designed based on the human body structure and is suitable for theoretical teaching scenarios. It can more realistically simulate the morphological structure and functional movement of the oral and maxillofacial system, making it easier for beginners to understand the jaw position relationship of the human body and laying a good foundation for learning and mastering the knowledge and operation of clinical articulators.
Claims
1. A bionic articulator, characterized in that: It comprises an upper jaw body (1) and a lower jaw body (3), wherein the lower part of the upper jaw body (1) is provided with condylar grooves (12) on both sides, and the condylar grooves (12) are provided with an anterior condylar guide angle, and the upper part of the lower jaw body (3) is provided with condylar balls (11) on both sides, and the condylar balls (11) are movably assembled with the condylar grooves (12); A rotatable median lock (10) is installed in the condylar groove (12), a guide groove (14) is provided at one end of the condylar groove (12), and the median lock (10) has an inwardly concave arc surface (101), and the arc surface (101) is used to cooperate with the guide groove (14) and the condylar ball (11): when the median lock (10) rotates into the guide groove (14) and snaps into the guide groove (14), the arc surface (101) no longer blocks the condylar ball (11), and the condylar ball (11) can extend along the condylar groove (12) at a forward condylar guide angle. 2) sliding, in which case the mandibular body (3) can simultaneously perform rotational and translational movements relative to the maxillary body (1) to simulate the movement state when the condyle translation and mandibular rotation occur simultaneously when the human mandible is opened wide; when the central lock (10) rotates outwardly toward the guide groove (14), the arc surface (101) can prevent the condylar ball (11) from sliding along the condylar groove (12) and maintain it in the initial position, and in this case the mandibular body (3) can only perform rotational movement relative to the maxillary body (1) to simulate the rotational movement state when the human mandible is opened; The condylar groove (12) is provided with a lateral condylar guide angle, which is used to achieve: one side of the condylar ball (11) is in the initial position, and the other side of the condylar ball (11) slides along the condylar groove (12) at the lateral condylar guide angle, so that the mandibular body (3) as a whole moves lateral relative to the maxillary body (1), so as to simulate the lateral rotation of the human mandible to the left or right side; An articular disc (6) is provided at the contact position between the mandibular body (3) and the maxillary body (1) on both sides, and is used to simulate the elastic articular disc tissue in the temporomandibular joint of the human body; The structure of the bionic articulator also includes a bracket (9) and a base (4), and the maxillary body (1) is connected to the base (4) via the bracket (9).
2. The bionic articulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper jaw body (1) and the lower jaw body (3) are provided with fixing buckles (8) at corresponding positions, and the bionic muscles (13) can be mounted between the fixing buckles (8) at corresponding positions.
3. The bionic articulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condylar ball (11) is fixedly mounted on the inner end of a support column (15) inserted into the condylar groove (12); the outer end of the support column (15) is provided with a limiting portion for preventing the support column (15) from falling out of the condylar groove (12); the limiting portion is connected to the mandibular body (3).
4. The bionic articulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center lock (10) also has a handle portion (102).
5. The bionic articulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper jaw body (1) and the lower jaw body (3) are both provided with a dental tray fixing groove (2) for fixing the tooth model; a magnetic connection structure can be adopted between the dental tray fixing groove (2) and the tooth model.
6. The bionic articulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper jaw (1) and the lower jaw (3) are both bionic configurations.
7. The bionic articulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the bracket (9) is wrapped with a rubber sleeve (5).
Citation Information
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